Republic of the Philippines

Technological University of the Philippines

College of Industrial Technology
Ayala Blvd, Ermita, Manila

Title: Standards of Professional Practice

Professional Practice 2 Group Research

Section: BGT-AT-3A

Submitted by:
Group 5 Members:
Rivera, Lyka Patricia Mae
Salen, Jhons Lay
Santos, Sean Krystan
Somera, Mielle Christine T.
Villagonzalo, Arch Meldien

Submitted to: Ms. Marcelina M. Puga

I. CONTRACTS AND AGREEMENT

● Introduction

Contracts are fundamental to the functioning of business and personal transactions,

providing a legal framework that governs relationships and expectations between
parties. This research explores the nature of contracts, their essential elements, types,
common clauses, and the significance of contracts in various contexts.

A. Definition of a Contract

A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties, wherein each
party commits to fulfilling specific obligations. Contracts are essential for establishing
clear expectations and protecting the rights of all involved parties. They can be
enforced in court if any party fails to meet their obligations.

B. Key Elements of a Contract

For a contract to be legally binding, several key elements must be present:

1. Offer - One party presents terms to another party. For example, a contractor offers
to build a house for a specified price.

2. Acceptance - The other party accepts the offer. This acceptance must align with
the terms of the offer.

3. Consideration - There must be something of value exchanged between the

parties. This can include services, money, or goods.

4. Mutual Intention - Both parties must intend to create a legal relationship and
be aware of their commitments.

5. Capacity - All parties involved must have the legal ability to enter into a
contract, meaning they are of sound mind, not minors, and not under duress.

6. Legality - The contract's subject matter must be legal. Contracts involving

illegal activities are not enforceable.

C. Types of Contracts

Contracts can be categorized based on their structure and purpose. Common types
include:

1. Fixed-Price Contracts - A total price is agreed upon before work begins,

regardless of the actual costs incurred.
Example: A contractor agrees to build a house for a fixed price.

2. Cost-Plus Contracts - The client pays for actual costs and an additional fee for
the contractor’s profit.
 Example: A project costs ₱7,000,000 with a 10% fee, totaling ₱7,700,000.

3. Time and Materials Contracts - Clients pay for the time spent and materials
used, suitable for projects with uncertain costs.
Example: A plumber charges for hours worked plus the cost of materials.

1. Unit Pricing Contracts - A price per unit of work is established, allowing costs
to scale with the volume of work done.
Example: Paving is priced at ₱250 per square meter.

D. Common Clauses in a Contract

Contracts typically include several important clauses to clarify expectations:

1. Scope of Work - Defines the work or services to be provided, ensuring all

parties know what is expected.

2. Payment Terms - Details how and when payments will be made, including
any deposits or milestone payments.

3. Timeframe - Outlines start and completion dates, as well as penalties for

delays.

4. Liability - Specifies the responsibility for risks, damages, or injuries during

the project.

5. Termination Clause - Describes conditions under which the contract can be

terminated by either party.

6. Dispute Resolution - Details methods for resolving conflicts, such as

mediation or arbitration.

E. Importance of Contracts

Contracts are vital for various reasons:

1. Protection - They safeguard the interests of all parties by documenting

agreements in writing.

2. Clarity - They reduce misunderstandings regarding responsibilities and

expectations.

3. Accountability - Contracts provide legal recourse in case of non-compliance,

allowing parties to seek enforcement through the courts.

F. Conclusion
 Contracts and agreements are essential tools in establishing and regulating
relationships between parties across various sectors. Understanding their elements,
types, and significance helps individuals and businesses navigate their obligations
and rights effectively. A well-drafted contract can mitigate risks, clarify roles, and
provide a framework for resolving disputes, ultimately contributing to successful
outcomes in transactions and projects.

II. CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATE

• Introduction

Construction cost estimating is a crucial component of the construction industry,

providing an essential foundation for project budgeting and financial planning. It
involves predicting the total costs required to complete a construction project, factoring
in materials, labor, equipment, and overheads. This research delves into the methods,
types, components, and significance of construction cost estimating, as well as the
factors influencing costs.

A. Overview of Construction Cost Estimating

Construction cost estimating serves as a financial blueprint for projects ranging from
small residential buildings to large commercial complexes. Accurate estimates are vital
to avoid budget overruns, manage resources efficiently, and ensure project success.

B. Types of Construction Estimates

1. Preliminary Estimates

• Definition: Rough estimates providing an early cost indication based on limited

information.
• Use Case: Useful during the initial phases of project conception to help clients
understand potential costs.

2. Detailed Estimates

• Definition: Comprehensive estimates are created when project details are

finalized.
• Use Case: Used for final budgeting and competitive bidding, detailing costs
associated with labor, materials, and equipment.

3. Quantity Estimates

• Definition: Estimates focusing on the specific quantities of materials required.

• Use Case: Important for precise budgeting and ordering materials to prevent
wastage and shortages.

C. Components of Construction Costs

1. Direct Costs
 • Labor - Wages for workers directly involved in construction.
• Materials - Costs associated with purchasing raw materials.
• Equipment - Expenses related to machinery and tools used in construction.

2. Indirect Costs

• Overhead - General business expenses necessary to support the project but

not directly tied to construction.
• Contingency - Funds reserved for unexpected expenses.
• Profit Margin - The contractor's profit is a critical consideration in the overall
budget.

D. Factors Affecting Construction Costs

1. Project Size - Larger projects necessitate more materials and labor, inherently
increasing costs.

2. Location - Geographic factors can dramatically influence costs due to varying

labor rates, material availability, and transportation costs.

3. Market Conditions - Economic fluctuations can lead to price changes in labor and
materials, affecting overall project costs.

4. Design Complexity - Unique architectural designs may require specialized

materials or skilled labor, raising costs.

5. Timeframe - Shortened timelines can escalate costs due to the need for expedited
services or overtime pay.

E. Methods of Estimating Costs

1. Unit Cost Estimating - Estimates cost based on a price per unit (e.g., per
square foot), providing a straightforward calculation.

2. Assembly Estimating - This involves breaking down the project into

components and estimating the cost for each assembly, then summing them
up.

3. Parametric Estimating - Utilizes historical data and mathematical formulas

to forecast costs, beneficial for complex projects.

F. Importance of Accurate Cost Estimating

1. Avoiding Cost Overruns - Accurate estimates mitigate the risk of exceeding

budget limits.

2. Proper Budgeting - Facilitates effective financial planning and resource

allocation.
 3. Competitive Bidding - Enables contractors to present bids that are both
appealing to clients and profitable.

G. Conclusion

Construction cost estimating is an indispensable aspect of the construction process,

impacting project viability and financial success. By understanding the different types,
components, and influencing factors, stakeholders can make informed decisions that
lead to efficient project execution and completion. The continuous evolution of
estimating methods and tools further enhances the accuracy and reliability of cost
predictions in an ever-changing construction landscape.

III. SPP DOCUMENT 201 (PRE-DESIGN SERVICE)

• Introduction

Architectural services have largely remained consistent over time, but modern
demands, technological advances, and new regulations require architects to expand
their offerings. Early involvement of the architect in a project benefits clients by offering
objective analysis and optimizing building solutions within constraints.

A. Scope of Pre-Design Services

Pre-design services range from identifying problems to conceptualizing solutions and

typically include:

1. Consultation - Advice and evaluation of a potential project.

2. Pre-Feasibility & Feasibility Studies - Assessing project soundness and viability

through secondary and primary data analysis.

3. Site Selection & Analysis - Evaluating potential sites and determining optimal
land use.

4. Architectural Research & Programming - Gathering data to inform design,

space planning, and value management.

5. Space Planning & Management - Defining space needs, configurations, and the
interaction between spaces.

6. Value Management - Optimizing costs without sacrificing performance.

7. Design Brief & Promotional Services - Preparing project terms and promoting
projects to gain financial and public support.

B. Manner of Providing Services

Architects can offer services through:

1. Individual Practice: Specialized knowledge and training.

 2. Architect’s Staff: A firm with specialized personnel.

3. Consultation/Networking: Collaboration with other disciplines as needed.

C. Method of Compensation

Compensation is based on the architect’s expertise and the complexity of the services
provided. Methods include:

1. Multiple Direct Personnel Expenses - A cost-based method using a multiplier to

cover overhead and profit.

2. Professional Fee Plus Expenses - A fixed fee with reimbursement for expenses.

3. Lump Sum or Fixed Fee - Common for government projects.

4. Per Diem & Honorarium - Payment for specific activities such as site visits.

5. Mixed Methods - A combination of the above based on the project’s needs.

These models ensure flexible, fair compensation aligned with the project's complexity
and scope.

D. Conclusion
In conclusion, architects have expanded their services to meet growing client needs,
technological advances, and regulatory changes. Early involvement in projects allows
for effective pre-design services like site analysis and feasibility studies, optimizing
outcomes. Flexible service delivery and tailored compensation methods ensure that
architects can meet project demands while providing fair and effective solutions.

IV. SPP DOCUMENT 202 (REGULAR DESIGN SERVICE)

• Introduction
This document outlines the regulations applicable to architects, emphasizing the
individual and group practices of architecture under Philippine law. Foreign architects
must comply with specific requirements, including collaboration with a local counterpart
and securing permits from relevant authorities. Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)
and Knowledge Process Outsourcing (KPO) firms are prohibited from providing
architectural services in the Philippines unless registered as architectural firms.

A. Regular Design Services of an Architect

Architects serve as advisors and representatives for clients, translating their needs into
functional spaces. Their work encompasses the entire project lifecycle, from initial
consultations and requirements gathering to supervision during implementation.

B. Scope of Services
 1. Project Definition Phase - Architects consult with clients to define project
requirements, gather relevant data, and prepare an initial construction cost
estimate.

2. Schematic Design Phase - Architects develop conceptual plans based on the

defined project requirements and provide an initial project construction cost
estimate.

3. Design Development Phase - Architects create detailed documents, including

plans and specifications, to outline materials and construction systems, updating
the cost estimate accordingly.

4. Contract Document Phase - This phase includes preparing comprehensive

contract documents, technical specifications, and assisting in obtaining necessary
permits from authorities.

5. Bidding or Negotiation Phase - Architects prepare bid documents and assist

clients in selecting contractors, ensuring compliance with intellectual property
regulations regarding these documents.

6. Construction Phase - Architects oversee construction progress, make decisions

on claims, issue payment certifications, and report on the quality of work, although
extensive supervision may require additional staffing.

This comprehensive approach ensures that architects effectively manage all aspects
of a project, from conception to completion, while adhering to legal and professional
standards.

C. Manner of Providing Services

Architects may enter contracts with the Owner as the Lead Professional through two
methods:

1. Single Contract: The Architect contracts directly with the Owner, with sub-
consultancy contracts for other professionals.

2. Separate Contracts: The Architect and engineering/allied professionals execute

individual contracts with the Owner.

In both cases, each professional's responsibilities and liabilities remain distinct,

ensuring the Architect does not assume the liabilities of others.

D. Project Classification

Architectural work is classified based on complexity and creative skill, influencing

remuneration.

• Group 1: Simple buildings (e.g., warehouses, service garages).

 • Group 2: Moderately complex buildings (e.g., offices, schools).

• Group 3: Complex structures (e.g., airports, hospitals).

• Group 4: Residential buildings (e.g., single-detached houses, townhouses).

• Group 5: Monumental buildings (e.g., museums, memorials).

• Group 6: Projects with reused designs.

• Group 7: Housing projects on a single site.

• Group 8: Detailed design projects.

• Group 9: Alterations to existing buildings.

• Group 10: Architectural opinions and advice.

E. Method of Compensation

Architects are compensated based on their skills and the services provided, with
methods including:

1. Percentage of Project Construction Cost (PCC) - Fee based on the total

construction cost.

2. Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses - Cost-based method for non-creative

tasks, including a multiplier for overhead and profit.

3. Professional Fee Plus Expenses - Fixed sum plus reimbursement for technical
time and overhead.

4. Lump Sum or Fixed Fee - Common for government projects.

5. Per Diem Plus Reimbursable Expenses - For specific tasks requiring personal
time.

6. Mixed Methods - Various methods may be combined based on project needs.

F. Owner's Responsibilities

Key responsibilities of the Owner include:

● Providing complete project requirements and appointing a representative.

● Promptly reviewing and deciding on submitted documents to avoid delays.

● Furnishing necessary surveys, legal, and consulting services.

● Timely payment for services and expenses incurred.

 G. Other Conditions on Services

● The Architect's fee is based on the PCC, with additional compensation for extra
services.

● Specialist consultants may be recommended and their costs are separate from the
Architect's fee.

● Ownership of all architectural documents remains with the Architect unless

otherwise agreed.

● The Owner must provide construction cost records and ensure proper signage at
the site.

H. Conclusion

In the architectural profession, the manner of providing services and project

classification are essential for defining roles and responsibilities between Architects
and Owners. Architects may contract with Owners through either a single
comprehensive agreement or separate contracts with other professionals, ensuring
distinct liabilities. Project classification into defined groups, ranging from simple to
complex structures, informs fee structures and service expectations. By establishing
clear communication and equitable compensation methods, both parties can
effectively collaborate, leading to successful project outcomes while enhancing the
integrity of the architectural field.

V. SPP DOCUMENT 203 (SPECIALIZED ARCHITECTURAL SERVICE)

• Introduction

In this document, SPP 203 tackles the time and innovation that have advanced to a
level where specialized engineering administrations are required to total, complement,
or supplement the vital work for the totality of a venture. The Architect`s responsibility
to man and society is to create beyond any doubt that both the building and its physical
environment upgrade the lives of individuals by entirely following national and universal
benchmarks concerning open well-being, security, and welfare. The architectural
arrangement and plan design of the building legitimately falls beneath the Architect's
Standard Plan Administrations (SPP Archive No. 202.)

Design services needed within and outside the building which falls under Specialized
Architectural Services as listed under the pertinent provisions of R.A. No. 9266 and its
2004 IRR, include but are not limited to the following:

A. Architectural Interior (Ai) Services - The Architect plans and designs the
architectural interiors(AI) of buildings such that they contribute to the physical, visual,
mental, and passionate comforts of the expecting end-users.
B. Acoustic Design Services - Acoustic design services include point-by-point
arranging and planning to control sound transmission for compatibility with the
architectural design concept.

C. Architectural Lighting Layout And Design - This includes the detailed arranging
and plan of light transmission, timing, and control for compatibility with the architectural
design concept.

D. Site Development Planning (Sdp) Services - The space planning, architectural

lay-outing and utilization of spaces within and encompassing a particular building/
structure in connection with the existing normal and/or built situations have to be a
well-coordinated exertion so that both the building/ structure and the environment
should act as one.

E. Site And Physical Planning (Including Master Development Planning,

Subdivision Planning And Urban Design) Services - physical planning refers
to the efficient course of action within a bit of arrival or property on which vertical
structures such as buildings, landmarks, and the like, as well as even advancements
such as rights-of-way (Rows), open spaces, and action spaces, are to be proposed.

F. Comprehensive Development Planning (Cdp) Services - It is based on the

concept of extended physical arranging administrations to incorporate other
exercises fundamental for the right to take care of the various components
considered in the detailing, usage, and realization of a Master Development
Plan (MDP).

G. Historic And Heritage Conservation And Planning - The appropriately

prepared and experienced Counselling Architect in this range of architectural practice
inquire about, evaluation, recording, administration, interpretation, and preservation of
historical legacy.

H. Security Evaluation And Planning - The Consulting Architect in this area of

practice arranges and formulates strategies for rating and discovering the esteem of
structures or offices which must be completely secured, kept secure, ensured,
guaranteed, and given adequate shields for the conduct of any work or movement.

I. Building Systems Design - The Architect in this area of hone locks-in in strategies
of creating building components in an exceedingly built, productive, and cost-effective
way, especially for private and commercial applications.

J. Facilities Maintenance Support - The Consulting Architect in this area of practice

provides the Owner/Client with implies and measures to guarantee the correct work
and support of the building/structure and site after final inspection.

K. Building Testing And Commissioning - The Architect in this area of practice

recommends the precise handle of guaranteeing that a building/structure's cluster of
frameworks is arranged, designed, introduced, and tried to agree to the plan's aim and
the building's operational needs.
L. Building Environment Certification - The Consulting Architect in this area of
practice must have much more than the essential information of Green Architecture
and Natural and/or feasible plans and adequate information on the overseeing natural
laws and natural examination forms and strategies beneath universal conventions
such as the Philippine Solid Waste, Clean Air and Clean Water Acts, DENR regulatory
issuances and the like.

M. Forensic Architecture - The Architect in this area examines when something has
gone off-base in a building that's related to a plan or development imperfection. This
requires surveying the ampleness of the plan and development data against the terms
of the contract and the standards at the time of construction.

N. Building Appraisal - Appraisal is characterized as an act or handle of assessing

esteem. The Consulting Architects in this range practice place esteem on the building/
structure condition and absconds, and on its repair and support, counting the specified
enhancements.

O. Structural Conceptualization - The Architect in this area of practice conceives,

chooses, and creates the sort, disposition, arrangement, and proportioning of the
auxiliary components of building work, giving due thought to security, cost-
effectiveness, functionality, and aesthetics.

P. Preliminary Services - The Consulting Architect in this area of practice must have
much more than the basic knowledge of Site Analysis, Space Planning and
Management, Architectural Programming, and the other services under SPP
Document 201

Q. Contract Documentation And Review Services - The Architect in this area of

practice must have much more than the fundamental information of Determination
Composing, Estimation and Amount Study, Structural Production, Architectural
Software, Architectural Support Services, and document audit.

R. Post-Design Services (Including Construction Services) - The Consulting

Architect in this area of practice must have much more than the basic knowledge of
Pre-Construction, Construction, Post-Construction and the other services under SPP
Documents 204, 206, and 207.

S. Dispute Avoidance And Resolution - The Architect in this area of practice must
have much more than the information of the different modes of Alternative Dispute
Resolution (ADR) endorsed beneath R.A. No. 9285, the ADR Act of 2004 and its IRR
i.e. Development Assertion, Intercession and Conciliation, Negotiation and of Contract
Organization, Quality Overviews, Examinations and Alterations and Expert Testimony.
An Architect specializing in ADR must preferably be State-accredited.

T. Architectural Research Methods - The Consulting Architect in this area of

practice must have much more than essential information on Research Methods,
Philippine Architecture and its History, Building Materials and Wraps, Building Sorts
and Guidelines, building patterns, Architectural Writing, and Architectural
Photography.
 U. Special Building/ Facility Planning And Design - The Architect in this area of
practice must have much more than the information of the Arranging and Plan Forms
required for Lodging Advancements, Recreational and Tourism Domains, Wellbeing
Care and Hospitality Offices, Transportation and Telecommunications Offices,
Generation and Extractive Offices, Utility-related Improvements, Secure Offices,
Commerce and Industrial Parks, Economic Zones and Community Architecture and
the like.

V. Building Components - The Consulting Architect in this area of practice must have
much more than the basic knowledge of Building Materials and Finishes, Construction
Methodologies, Building Envelopes including cladding and roofing systems,
Architectural Fenestrations and Architectural Hardware, Fixtures and Fittings.

W. Management Of Architectural Practices - The Architect in this area of practice

must have much more than the essential information of the Sorts of Building Office
Operations, Structural administration, Bookkeeping / Back / Tax collection / Review,
Labor Code, Architectural Marketing and Project Development, Proposals/
Arrangements/ Contracts, Contract Administration, Record Administration, and
Impediments of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) and Knowledge Process
Outsourcing (KPO) Operations.

VI. SPP DOCUMENT 204-A (FULLTIME SUPERVISION SERVICE)

• Introduction

For the past 50 a long time, four principal individuals were included in the plan and
building development preparation. The Architect-in-charge of construction (Aicc) is
specifically and professionally mindful and at risk for the development supervision of
the venture. When ventures were still sensible in measure, the Architect was at that
point helped by a development auditor, customarily called Clerk-of-Works.The
Construction Supervision Group (CSG) is regularly prescribed by the Architect based
on their performance and enlisted by the Owner.

A. Scope of Services
• Quality Control
• Evaluation of Construction Work
• Preparation of Daily Inspection Reports
• Filing of documents

B. Manner Of Providing Services

There are two ways by which the Architect may enter into a contract with the Owner:

• Working as a Counselling Modeler for full-time supervision administrations as it

were or as the CSG.

• Working in a double capacity as Architect-of-record and as Counselling Designer

for full-time supervision administrations or as the Construction Supervision
Group (CSG).
C. Method of compensation

The Architect’s compensation is based on the Architect’s / architectural firm’s talents,

skill, experience, and on the type and level of professional services provided.
Compensation for Fulltime Supervision Services may be based on one or more of the
following

1. Percentage (%) of Project Construction Cost (PCC) - The Architect’s Fee for
Fulltime Supervision as based on the PPC shall be detailed in the Architect’s
Guidelines.

2. Multiple Direct Personnel Expenses

This cost-based method of compensation is applicable only to non-creative work

such as accounting, secretarial, research, data gathering, preparation of reports and
the like.

FORMULA

Assume:

A = Architect’s rate/hour

C = Consultant’s rate / hour

T = Rate per hour of Technical Staff, Inspectors and others involved in the Project

AN CN, TN = No. of hours spent by Architects, Consultants, and Technical Staff

M = Multiplier to account for overhead and reasonable profit. The value may range
from 1.5 to 2.5 depending on the set-up of the Architect’s office and the complexity of
the Project.

R = Reimbursable expenses such as transportation, housing, and a living allowance

of consultant, transportation, per diem, housing, and a living allowance of local
consultants and technical staff if assigned to places over 100km. from the area of
operation of the Architect. Cost of printing of an extra set of drawings, reports, maps,
contract documents, etc. over the seven (7) copies submitted to the Client, overseas
and long-distance calls, technical and laboratory tests, licenses, fees, taxes and similar
cost items needed by the Project.

Direct cost = AN + CN + TN

Fee = Direct Cost x M

Total Cost of Service charged to Client = Fee + R

3. Professional Fee Plus Expenses - This strategy of recompense is as often as

possible utilized where there's a proceeding relationship including a series of
Projects. It sets up a settled entirety over and over the repayment for the Architect's
 specialized time and overhead. An understanding on the common scope of the
work is essential in arranging an equitable fee

4. Lump Sum or Fixed Fee - This method may be applied to government projects
since they entail more paperwork and time-consuming efforts.

5. Per Diem, Honorarium Plus Reimbursable Expenses - In some cases, a

client may request an Architect to do work that will require his time such as:
Conducting an ocular inspection of possible project sites; and conferring with
others regarding prospective investments or ventures and the like.

6. Mixed methods of compensation - The SPP provides for more than one
compensation method on a project. Each project should be examined to determine the
most appropriate method of Compensation.

D. Limitation Of Authority

1. The Construction Supervision Group (CSG), which may be a qualified building

firm, or which the Architect is as it were a portion of, might not accept the duty
of the Contractor's project superintendent.

2. The CSG might not make choices on things that are the sole obligation of the
Architect-of-record (Aor).

E. Legal Responsibility

1. The Construction Supervision Group (CSG) is capable to the Proprietor as it

were for regulatory things. The CSG is dependable to the Architect-of-record (Aor)
for specialized things.

2. Under Article 1723 of the present Respectful Code, the CSG may show up not to
have any legitimate duty since the Architect-of-record (Aor) and Engineers-of-
record (Eors) are dependable for the plan. In contrast, the Temporary worker
is responsible for the construction.

F. Qualifications

Inspectors of the Construction Supervision Group (CSG) must have:

● A Bachelor of Science in Architecture (B.S. Arch.) degree

● Extensive experience in design and building construction and must be very

knowledgeable in building materials and construction detailing.

VII. SPP DOCUMENT 204-B (CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

SERVICES)

• Introduction
 Increasing complexity in construction projects demands better cost control and
faster implementation. Construction Management Services address these
needs. The Construction Manager (CM) can be an Owner's staff member, an
independent individual, or a hired firm. The Architect can serve as a CM due to
their expertise in coordinating specialties.

C. Functions And Tasks

1. CM responsibilities include functions of the Construction Supervision Group

(CSG): Coordination, Cost and Time Control, Quality Control, and Keeping
Records.
2. The CM may employ or supervise the CSG.

D. Limitation Of Authority

1. The CM (Architect) should not directly interfere with the Contractor's work
to avoid assuming the Contractor's liability.

2. The CM should not impose methods or designs that affect the construction
schedule or impair the Architect's design concept.

C. Legal Responsibility

1. The CM is responsible to the Owner for all construction aspects, including

programming, coordination, quality, cost control, and time management.

2. The CM is not liable if equipment fails due to design deficiencies (if not
involved in design review) or construction issues (if responsibilities during
construction are fulfilled).

D. Qualifications

• The CM can be an individual or a firm.

• The principal must be a State-regulated professional, preferably an Architect,

with managerial skills and construction experience.

• The Architect CM should be a Registered and Licensed Architect (RLA) and

a member in good standing of the Integrated and Accredited Professional
Organization of Architects (IAPOA).

E. method of compensation

• CM services provided by the Architect are separately compensated, as

construction management is not part of the Architect's regular services.
VIII. SPP DOCUMENT 205 (POST-CONSTRUCTION SERVICES)
• INTRODUCTION

Building organization and administration go past support and upkeep capacities. It

requires the administration of a multi-disciplinary proficient who can perform a wide
extend of capacities for the proficient and conservative operation and upkeep of a
building, office, or complex. In Post-Construction Administrations, the channels of
communication are kept open among the building proprietors, administrators,
modelers, engineers, builders, producers, building inquiries about bunches, utility
suppliers, furniture and hardware merchants, and building chairmen/ property
supervisors to supply get to data concerning the execution and upkeep of buildings.

A. Scope Of Services
Building and Facilities Administration

• Building Maintenance. The Architect shall:

a. see to it that the building and all the parts thereof (structure, plumbing,
electrical, partitions, finishes, etc.) are all in good condition.

b. formulate and enforce rules for the proper use of the building and facility,
particularly in the common areas and the emergency/ egress/ exit areas.

c. monitor security services, and

d. monitor maintenance and upkeep services (cleanliness of corridors, lobbies,

stairs and other common areas, exits, parking areas, garbage collection)
B. Grounds and Landscaping Supervision. The Architect shall:

a. supervises landscape contractors and gardeners for the proper watering,

pruning, trimming, and maintenance of the landscape (both hardscapes and
softscapes);

b. maintain orderly entrances, exits, and parking areas; and

c. maintains streets i.e. road rights-of-way (RROWs), walkways, and ramps.

C. Building Equipment Maintenance. The Architect shall:

a. assists the proper third parties in seeing to it that all equipment (air-
conditioning, sprinkler system, generators, transformers, telecommunications
equipment, etc.) are properly maintained and in good working condition
 D. Business Development and Management. The Architect shall:
• in novates schemes to attain maximum building occupancy
• bill the tenants for rentals and utilities (electricity, water, telephone, cable, gas, and other/
related dues)
E. Post-Construction Evaluation

Upon the request of the Owner, the Architect shall:

a. evaluates the initial design program vs. the actual use of the facility;

b. determines the effectiveness of the various building systems and the

materials systems in use.

c. assists the proper third parties in evaluating the functional effectiveness of

the design and construction process undertaken, and\

D. Study, research, and give solutions to x systems (reference doc 203).

F. MANNER OF PROVIDING SERVICES

The Architect may enter into a contract with the Owner in two possible ways:
• Working in a dual capacity as Architect-of-record and as Consulting
Architect for post-construction services.
• Working as a Consulting Architect for post-construction services only.

G. METHOD OF COMPENSATION

• Percentage of gross rentals, maintenance, and security fees; and/or

• Monthly salary/ fee.

IX. Overview of SPP No. 206 (Comprehensive Architectural Services.)

A. Definition and Purpose

SPP No. 206 delineates the roles, responsibilities, and standards of professional conduct for
architects. It emphasizes the importance of ethics, accountability, and quality in architectural
practice.

1.1 Key Components

● Professional Conduct: Expectations for integrity, transparency, and respect for

stakeholders.
 ● Quality Assurance: Standards for project delivery and client interaction.
● Sustainability: Encouragement of environmentally responsible design practices.

B. Background

• History and Development: Provide a brief history of SPP No. 206, including when it
was established and any key amendments or revisions.

• Stakeholders Involved: Identify key stakeholders, including government bodies,

organizations, and communities affected by the policy.

C. Objectives

• Goals of SPP No. 206: Discuss the main objectives of the policy, such as improving
standards, protecting resources, or promoting equity.

• Target Audience: Identify who the policy is aimed at (e.g., educational institutions,
businesses, government agencies).

D. Key Provisions

• Main Components: Break down the main sections or provisions of SPP No. 206.

• Implementation Guidelines: Discuss how the policy is to be implemented, including

any required actions from stakeholders.

E. Impact Analysis

• Positive Outcomes: Analyze the intended positive impacts of SPP No. 206 on its
target audience and broader society.

• Challenges and Criticisms: Discuss any criticisms or challenges faced in

implementing SPP No. 206.

F. Case Studies

• Examples of Implementation: Provide real-world examples of how SPP No. 206 has
been implemented and the outcomes observed.

• Lessons Learned: Summarize key takeaways from these case studies.

G. Future Directions

• Recommendations for Improvement: Suggest areas where SPP No. 206 could be
improved based on research findings.

• Potential Developments: Discuss any anticipated changes or updates to the policy in

the future.

H. Conclusion

• Summary of Findings: Recap the main points discussed in the research.

 • Final Thoughts: Offer insights on the overall significance of SPP No. 206 and its
potential future impact.

X. Overview of SPP No. 207 (Standards of Professional Practice (SPP) for

architects in the Philippines.)

A. Definition and Purpose

SPP No. 207 specifically addresses the ethics and responsibilities associated with
architectural design competitions, providing guidelines to ensure fairness and integrity.

1.1 Key Components

● Competition Structure: Guidelines on how competitions should be organized and

judged.
● Ethical Participation: Expectations for participants regarding honesty and originality
in submissions.
● Inclusivity: Promoting diverse participation and consideration of various design
perspectives.

• History and Development: Provide a brief history of SPP No. 207, including its
inception and any major revisions or updates.

• Stakeholders Involved: Identify key stakeholders, including government agencies,

organizations, and communities impacted by the policy.

B. Objectives

• Goals of SPP No. 207: Outline the main objectives of the policy, such as enhancing
standards, promoting sustainability, or ensuring compliance with regulations.

• Target Audience: Specify who the policy primarily addresses (e.g., local
governments, businesses, educational institutions).

C. Key Provisions

• Main Components: Summarize the essential sections or provisions of SPP No. 207.

• Implementation Guidelines: Describe how the policy is to be implemented,

including the roles and responsibilities of different stakeholders.

D. Impact Analysis

• Positive Outcomes: Analyze the intended positive impacts of SPP No. 207 on the
target audience and broader community.

• Challenges and Criticisms: Discuss any challenges faced in implementation and

criticisms the policy has received.
E. Case Studies

• Examples of Implementation: Provide examples where SPP No. 207 has been
implemented, highlighting successes and outcomes.

• Lessons Learned: Summarize key insights gained from these case studies
regarding effective practices and areas for improvement.

F. Future Directions

• Recommendations for Improvement: Suggest areas for enhancement based on

the research findings.

• Potential Developments: Discuss any anticipated future changes or adaptations to

the policy.

G. Conclusion

• Summary of Findings: Recap the main points discussed in the research.

• Final Thoughts: Reflect on the overall significance of SPP No. 207 and its potential
future impact.

• History and Development: Provide a brief history of SPP No. 207, including its
inception and any major revisions or updates.

• Stakeholders Involved: Identify key stakeholders, including government agencies,

organizations, and communities impacted by the policy.

H. Impact Analysis

• Positive Outcomes: Analyze the intended positive impacts of SPP No. 207 on the
target audience and broader community.

• Challenges and Criticisms: Discuss any challenges faced in implementation and

criticisms the policy has received.

I. Case Studies

• Examples of Implementation: Provide examples where SPP No. 207 has been
implemented, highlighting successes and outcomes.

• Lessons Learned: Summarize key insights gained from these case studies
regarding effective practices and areas for improvement.

J. Future Directions

• Recommendations for Improvement: Suggest areas for enhancement based on

the research findings.

• Potential Developments: Discuss any anticipated future changes or adaptations to

the policy.
XI. The Role of SPP in Design Competitions

4.1 Ensuring Fairness and Integrity

SPP No. 207 is critical in ensuring that competitions are conducted fairly. This includes:

● Establishing transparent criteria for judging.

● Ensuring that all entries are evaluated on an equal basis.

4.2 Encouraging Innovation and Creativity

By adhering to the guidelines in SPP No. 206, architects are encouraged to pursue innovative
design solutions while maintaining professional integrity.

4.3 Promoting Ethical Standards

Both SPP No. 206 and No. 207 reinforce the importance of ethical behavior in competitions,
discouraging practices such as plagiarism and unethical collaboration.

4.4 Successful Implementation of SPP Guidelines

This section will explore case studies of architectural competitions that successfully integrated
the principles of SPP No. 206 and No. 207, resulting in innovative and ethically sound
outcomes.

4.5 Challenges Faced

An analysis of competitions that encountered ethical dilemmas or fairness issues, highlighting

lessons learned and potential improvements.

Conclusion

The SPP No. 206 and SPP No. 207 provide essential frameworks for architects participating
in design competitions. Their emphasis on professional conduct, ethics, and sustainability
fosters an environment conducive to innovative and responsible architectural practice. Moving
forward, adherence to these standards will be crucial in addressing the evolving challenges
faced by the architectural profession.

References

1. SPP NO. 205: Post Construction Service.

2. SPP No. 206: Standards of Professional Practice for Architects.
3. SPP No. 207: Ethical Guidelines for Architectural Design Competitions.
4. Relevant literature on architectural ethics and competition frameworks.
5. Case studies from architectural journals and professional practice publications.