YEAR 01

7 1|Page
 LIST OF CONTENTS

S. No Topic Page No.

1. Module Committee 3

2. General Learning Outcomes 4

3. Specific Learning Outcomes 5

4. Abbreviations used 7

5. Theme I: Cell-The Unit of Life 8

6. Theme II: Human body the Perfect Creation 23

7. Vertical Themes: Research, Information Technology , Life & Living 44

8. Reference Books 50

2|Page
 1ST YEAR MBBS
MODULAR COMMITTEE FOR THE
FOUNDATION MODULE

List of Team Members

S. No Name Department Designation

1. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Saeed Anatomy Chairperson

2. Prof. Dr. Sadia Haroon Biochemistry Co-Chairperson

3. Prof. Dr. Ihtesham Ul Haq Physiology Member

4. Prof. Dr. Mohammad Aman Community Member

Khan Health Sciences
5. Prof. Dr. Riaz Nasim Pharmacology Member

6. Prof. Dr. Fouzia Rauf Pathology Member

7. Dr. Fahadullah Anatomy Coordinator

8. Dr. Uzma Siddique DHPE&R Member

3|Page
GENERAL LEARNING OUTCOMES

KNOWLEDGE
1. Describe the role of the cell as the living unit of the body & correlate with its dysfunction as the
basis of diseases and disorders.
2. Describe how injury and disease alter the normal structure and function of the Cell.
3. Describe the structure of epithelium, classify it and correlate it with its functions in the body.
4. Describe the various stages of human development & correlate them with various malformations &
their mechanism of development.
5. Describe the importance of water for life, its role in health and prevention of diseases and its
association with pH of various body fluids.
6. Describe the important buffer systems of body and the concept of strong and weak electrolytes.
7. Describe the structural & functional organization of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and
identify the major functions of parasympathetic and sympathetic division of ANS.
SKILLS
1. Use the accepted standard anatomical language to describe the normal anatomical structure &
various body planes.
2. Identify cell & other body tissues under the microscope.
3. Get familiar with the organization and functioning of a clinical laboratory, basic lab safety rules and
basic lab techniques.
4. Communicate effectively in a team with colleagues and teachers.
ATTITUDE
1. Recognize the role of various disciplines in the study of human body & diseases.
2. Recognize the role of drugs and harmful environmental exposure in the development of congenital
anomalies.
3. Be polite and use socially acceptable language during academic and social interactions with fellow
students and teachers.
4. Work as an effective team member.
5. Value the beauty of natural organization, harmonization & development of human body.
6. Demonstrate respect for human life.
7. Value the purpose of life.

4|Page
SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE MODULE

KNOWLEDGE
1. Define biomedical sciences and identify their role in studying human body & its diseases.
2. Describe structure, function & biochemical composition of human (eukaryotic) cell & correlate it
with its dysfunction & response to noxious stimuli.
3. Describe the structure of various cell organelles and correlate with their functions.
4. Describe the role of different transport mechanism across cell membrane in normal functioning of
the cell.
5. Describe the role of membrane potential and action potential in signal transmission.
6. Describe the embryological terms and outline the various stages of human development &
correlate them with their functional & clinical significance.
7. Describe the structure of epithelium, its classification, surface specializations, basement
membrane, cell gap junctions & correlate with their functional & clinical significance.
8. Describe the structural & functional organization of autonomic nervous system.
9. Describe the biochemical aspects and control of “internal environment” of the cell.
SKILLS
1. Use the accepted standard anatomical language to describe the normal anatomical structure &
various body planes.
2. Identify cell &various types of epithelia under the microscope.
3. Use a Jester for measuring volumes.

ATTITUDE
1. Communicate effectively in a team and be polite and use socially acceptable language during
academic and social interactions with fellow students and teachers.
2. Practice the self-protection protocol during lab work especially with regard to disposal of sharps,
use of chemicals and handling specimens of body fluids during lab work.
3. Demonstrate the capability of working effectively in a team during SGD, lab work, research
electives and self-learning sessions.
4. Demonstrate respect for teachers, fellow students & support staff during lab work.
5. Handle the lab equipment with professionalism.
6. Follow the specified norms of the teaching and learning sessions.
8. Value the beauty of natural organization, harmonization & development of human body.
9. Demonstrate respect for human life.
10. Value the purpose of life.

5|Page
ABBREVIATIONS USED
ANA Anatomy
BIOCHEM Biochemistry
BS-Ethics Behavioural Sciences & Ethics
CHS Department of Community health sciences
CSL Clinical Skills Lab
DHPE&R Department of Health Professions Education & Research
DSL Directed Self- Learning
EOMA End- of- Module Assessment
OB-GY Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
IPS Islamic & Pakistan Studies
L&L Life & Living
LGF Large Group Format/ lecture
LW Laboratory Work
MED Department of Medicine
ORTHO Department of Orthopedic
PAEDS Department of Paediatrics
PATH Department of Pathology
PHARMA Department of Pharmacology
PHY Physiology
RAD Radiology
SGD Small Group Discussion
SGR Small Group Reflection
SUR Department of General Surgery
TLM Teaching Learning Method
AST Assessment

6|Page
 Foundation Module

CELL- THE UNIT OF LIFE

Theme – I

7|Page
 THEME 01: THE UNIT OF LIFE
LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
Orientation to Anatomy • Familiarize • Introduction to the 1LG MCQ, SEQ
the Physiology themselves with the departments and F
Departments Biochemistry faculty members and faculty members. (Each
during
of Anatomy working of the main • Books to consult Inductio
1.
Physiology & departments • Manuals for practical n)
Biochemistry involved in the work
teaching and learning
of 1st year MBBS.
System Of DHPE&R • Familiarize • Principles of medical LGF MCQ, SEQ
Medical themselves with education at PMC.& the
Education At characteristics of Vision and Mission of
PMC the system of PMC
medical education • What kind of education
at PMC would a student get at
• Develop a deeper PMC
understanding of • What facilities for
the vision and professional
mission of PMC development and
and how it relates character & personality
to their building would a student
professional get at PMC
development. • Introduction to the
• Reflect upon the integrated system of
2. norms of attending medical education and
various teaching & why it is important for
learning sessions. the 21st century doctors.
• Develop an • Introduction to large
understanding of group format and small
the glossary of group teaching and
terms used in the learning sessions and
study guides for the norms of attending
students. these sessions.
• Framework of
assessment
• Support systems for the
student’s professional
and personal growth.
• Glossary of terms used
in the study guides
Introduction Anatomy KNOWLEDGE Various sub-disciplines of LGF MCQ, SEQ
to Anatomy • Define anatomy & anatomy
describe the • Gross (Cadaveric)
purpose of anatomy
3. studying anatomy • Regional anatomy
& its branches • Systemic anatomy
ATTITUDE • Microscopic
• Follow the anatomy
specified norms of • Developmental
8|Page
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
the LGF teaching & anatomy
learning • Neuroanatomy
• Appreciate the • Surface
importance of (Topographic)
studying anatomy
• Radiological
anatomy
• Clinical Anatomy
(Applied Anatomy)
• Comparative
Anatomy
Introduction Physiology KNOWLEDGE • History LGF MCQ, SEQ
To Physiology • Define physiology • Mechanistic and
and discuss in brief teleological approaches
its historical back in physiology
ground • Levels of the
• Discuss the different organization of body
mechanistic and tissues
4.
teleological • Basic Functions of Cell
approaches in • Basic tissues in human
physiology (why & body
how). • The major systems of
ATTITUDE the body
• Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching
& learning
Introduction Biochemistry KNOWLEDGE • Historical background LGF MCQ, SEQ
To • Define • Important
Biochemistry biochemistry and breakthroughs in
explain its biochemistry and in
importance in molecular medicine
medicine. • Profiles of
• Discuss the role of biomolecules in health
biochemistry in and disease
5. medicine.
• Discuss the role in
diagnosis and
prognosis
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms of
the LGF teaching
& learning
Introduction PHARMA KNOWLEDGE • Definition of LGF MCQ, SEQ
To • Define pharmacology and
Pharmacology pharmacology and introduction of various
6.
recognize the role fields of pharmacology.
of pharmacology in • How research
health care and contributes to the
9|Page
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
research. development of
ATTITUDE therapeutic agents,
• Recognize the their efficacy and
importance of safety.
research and
accuracy of
reporting of the
results in the
development of
pharmacological
agents and
ensuring their
safety. Follow the
specified norms of
the LGF teaching
& learning
Introduction PATH KNOWLEDGE Definition of Pathology LGF MCQ, SEQ
To Pathology Define Pathology and and introduction to
recognize the role of various fields of Pathology
study of pathology and their role in the
and its branches in diagnosis and treatment of
the understanding of diseases.
disorders and
7.
diseases and the
development of
treatment.
ATTITUDE
Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching & learning
Introduction DHPE&R Familiarize Rationale, process and LGF MCQ, SEQ
To Small themselves with the quality learning in SGDs &
Group small group teaching PBLs
Teaching And and learning sessions Reflection as the basic tool
8. Learning At like SGDs, PBLs and for professional
PMC Reflections and learn development and how can
how to maximize their the students best utilize
learning in these the reflection sessions.
sessions
9. PBL (Learning) DHPE&R As per the case As per the case PBL ---------
Homeostasis PHYSOLOGY KNOWLEDGE • The internal environment LGF MCQ, SEQ
• Describe the • Homeostatic mechanisms
Homeostatic of the major functional
mechanism of major systems and their
functional systems. examples
10.
• Describe the • Control systems of the
characteristics of body
control systems with • Examples of control
examples. mechanisms
ATTITUDE • Characteristics of control

10 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
• Follow the specified mechanism
norms of the LGF • Negative feedback control
teaching & learning Positive feedback control

Introduction ANA (EMB) KNOWLEDGE • Definition of embryology LGF MCQ, SEQ

To • Describe the • Brief history
Embryology historical background (from Aristotle to
of the field of modern time)
embryology • Terminologies
ATTITUDE
11. • Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching & learning
• Appreciates the
importance of
studying embryology

Introduction ANA (HISTO) KNOWLEDGE • Introduction to Histology LW MCQ, SEQ,

To Histology • Define Histology • Definition OSPE
• Describe the • Histological methods and
histological methods units
and units used in • Usage of microscope in
histology the field of histology
• Describe the process • Steps in tissue preparation
of tissue preparation for histological
for histological examination under the
examination microscope
SKILLS
• Histological methods
• Identify the various
• Procurement of tissues
regions of the
• Fixation
microscope & outline
• Dehydration
12. their functions.
• Clearing
• Draw the diagram of
a human cell & label • Embedding
the various parts of • Cutting of sections
the cell. • Making up slides
ATTITUDE • Processing of tissues
• Follow the specified • Staining of tissues
norms of the Lab. • General stains
Work. • Special stains
• An overview of the cell as
the living unit of body
• Components of cells
• Organelles
• Inclusions
Cytoskeleton
Study of PHYSIOLOGY KNOWLEDGE Microscope LW MCQ, SEQ
Microscope • To become OSPE
13. acquainted
with the
function and
11 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
use of
microscope.
• To acquire an
appreciation
for the value of
microscope as
an important
tool of the
scientist and
student.
Laboratory BIO KNOWLEDGE • Introduction to LW MCQ, SEQ
safety rules • Discuss the practical OSPE
general biochemistry
laboratory • General Safety rules
safety rules • Glassware Safety
• Describe • Chemical Safety
different • Electrical Safety
14. measures of • Heating Safety
safety in a • First Aid
laboratory
• Discuss ways
for safe
handling of lab.
Equipment

Introduction ANA (HISTO) KNOWLEDGE • Different devices LGF MCQ, SEQ

To the study • Describe the and objectives used
Of Cell different devices in histology
and techniques • An overview of the
used to study the cell as the living
15.
cell under unit of body
microscope. • Components of cells
• Identify the various • Organelles
components of a • Inclusions
typical cell. • Cytoskeleton
Components ANA (HISTO) KNOWLEDGE Lipids: LGF MCQ, SEQ
of cell • Describe the cell • Proteins:
Membrane membrane and its • Carbohydrates:
different • Cholesterol
components • Bimolecular layer
ATTITUDE • Types of Cell Membrane
16. • Follow the Protein
specified norms of • P face ……E face
LGF teaching and • lipid rafts
learning • endocytosis……..exocyt
osis
• Glycocalyx

The Cell Biochemistry KNOWLEDGE • Structure and LGF SEQs

17.
Membrane • Describe the Components of cell MCQs
12 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
(Fluid Mosaic structure and membrane
Model) composition of • Special features of RBC
the cell membrane
membrane and • Phospholipid Bilayer and
correlate the its significance
various • Cholesterol ,fatty acids
biochemical and their significance in
components of membrane fluidity
the cell • Integral , peripheral
membrane proteins- their role in
with their membrane structure
functions. and transport
• Red cell • Glycolipids;
membrane Glycoproteins ,
structure and Glycocalyx and their
significance in significance
research • Cell Adhesion Molecules
studies (CAMs) and their
ATTITUDE functions (Calcium
• Follow the independent CAMs;
specific norms Integrins and Ig-
of LGF teaching Superfamily CAMs
and Learning • Calcium dependent
CAMs; Cadherins and
selections

Transport Of Physiology Knowledge • Diffusion through the cell LGF MCQs

Substances • Describe diffusion membrane SEQs
Through Cell across the cell • Diffusion of lipid soluble
Membrane(Dif membrane substances
fusion) Mechanisms. • Diffusion of water and
18.
ATTITUDE other lipid insoluble
• Follow the specified molecules through protein
norms of the LGF channels
teaching & learning

Transport Of Physiology KNOWLEDGE • Active Transport LGF

Substances • Describe the • Primary active
Through Cell different types Transport
Membrane of active • Secondary active
(Active transport Transport
19.
Transport ) • Differentiate • Passive Transport
between
active and
passive
transport
Endoplasmic ANA (HISTO) KNOWLEDGE • Rough (Granular) LGF SEQs
Reticulum & • Describe the structure Endoplasmic Reticulum MCQs
20.
Golgi of endoplasmic • protein synthesis in the
Apparatus reticulum. er
13 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
• Discuss about its two • Smooth Endoplasmic
different types and Reticulum
the • cis – face or forming
• Golgi apparatus & face
correlate their • trans – face or
functions maturing face
SKILLS compartments
• Draw the diagram of a • Membrane flow
cell and label the
cytoplasmic organelles
ATTITUDE
• Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching & learning
Endoplasmic BIO KNOWLEDGE Structure and function of LGF SEQs
Reticulum • Describe the structure • Rough Endoplasmic (01) MCQs
of the rough and Reticulum (RER)
smooth endoplasmic ▪ Smooth Endoplasmic
reticulum and Reticulum (SER)
correlate it with their
function.
• Describe the
location and
21. structure of
the Lysosome,
Peroxisome
their enzymes
and role
ATTITUDE
Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching &
learning
Mitochondria ANA (HISTO) KNOWLEDGE • shape LGF MCQs,
• Describe the • cristae mitochondrial SEQs
microscopic • Intercristal space
structure of • Intra crystal space
the
mitochondria.
• Discuss its
functions & the
22. clinical
significance
related to the
structural
defect and
several
mitochondrial
deficiency
diseases.

14 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
SKILLS
• Draw and label
the diagram of
the
mitochondria.
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching &
learning
Mitochondria BIO KNOWLEDGE LGF MCQs,
& Golgi • Discuss the • Mitochondria (01) SEQs
Apparatus Structure of • Golgi Apparatus
mitochondria and
Golgi
apparatus and their
functions
SKILLS
• Draw the diagram
23.
of a cell and label
the cytoplasmic
organelles
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching &
learning
Gametogenesis Anatomy KNOWLEDGE • Extra Embryonic Origin LGF MCQs,
(Embryology) • Describe the of germ cells SEQs
process of • Primordial germ cells
gametogenesis • Migration and
ATTITUDE proliferation
24.
• Follow the • Histological
specified norms Characteristics
of the SGD • Teratomes
teaching &
learning
Lysosomes ANA (HISTO) KNOWLEDGE • Membrane bounded
• Describe the vesicles
structure of • except erythrocytes
cytoplasmic • hydrolytic enzymes
organelles of the (more than 40)
25. cell & their • primary lysosomes
functions. • secondary lysosomes
• Discuss the • Residual body.
cytoplasmic • Lipochrome pigments
inclusions and its or lipofuscin
components • Peroxisome
15 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
SKILLS • Proteasome
• Draw the • Annulate Lamellae
diagram of a cell • Vaults
and label the • Vacuoles
cytoplasmic • Vesicles
organelles
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching &
learning
Other BIO KNOWLEDGE Secretory vesicles LGF MCQs,
Cytoplasmic • Describe the • Proteosome (01) SEQs
Organelles structure of • Annulate lamellae
cytoplasmic • Vaults
organelles & their • Vacuoles
functions. • Cytoplasmic inclusions
• Discuss the
cytoplasmic
26.
inclusions and
their functions. its
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching&
learning
The Nucleus ANA (HISTO KNOWLEDGE • heterochromatin LGF MCQs,
• Describe the • euchromatin) SEQs
structure & • Nuclear envelope
function of the • Nuclear Pore complex
Nucleus, • Nuclear lamina
Nucleolus and • Nucleolus
chromosomes •
• Correlate them
27. with their role in
the surl of the
cell.
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
& learning
Nucleus & BIO KNOWLEDGE • Nucleus LGF SEQs
Related • Describe the • Centriole (01) MCQs
28. Structures structure and • Ribosomes
function of • Chromatin material
Centriole,

16 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
ribosomes and
the Nucleus

ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
& learning
Cell Division Anatomy KNOWLEDGE • Cell Cycle & Cell SGD MCQs,
&The Cell Cycle (Embryology) • Outline the cell Division SEQs
cycle and • Mitosis and meiosis
explain its
functional
significance
• Compare and
contrast the
29. process of
meiosis and
Mitosis
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the SGD
teaching &
learning
• ANA (HISTO KNOWLEDGE • Microfilaments LGF MCQs,
Cytoskeleton • Describe the • Intermediate Filaments SEQs
structure of • Microtubules
cytoskeleton • Alpha & Beta tubulin
• Describe the • Microtubule motors
essential • Thin Filaments
30. components of • Thick Filaments
cytoskeleton. • Intermediate Filaments
ATTITUDE • Terminal Web
• Follow the
specified norms of
the LGF teaching
& learning
The Biochemistry KNOWLEDGE • Microtubules LGF MCQs
Cytoskeleton • Describe the • Proto filaments (01) SEQs
structure, • Filaments
essential • Actin& Myosin
components and filaments
31. functions of the • Terminal web
cytoskeleton.
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF

17 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
teaching &
learning
Spermato- Anatomy KNOWLEDGE An overview of different LGF MCQs
Genesis - (Embryology) • Identify the parts of male reproductive SEQs
Overview Of various structures system
The Male of the male • Testis
Reproductive reproductive • Rete Testis
System system involved • Epididymis
32.
in the process of • Ductus deferens
spermatogenesis. • Seminal vesicle
ATTITUDE • Prostate
• Follow the • Urethra
specified norms
of the SGD
teaching &
learning
Importance Of BIO KNOWLEDGE • Importance of water LGF MCQs
Water To • Describe the • Quranic reference 21:30 SEQs
Human Health importance of water • Properties and function
for life. • Role of water in
• What is safe and prevention of disease
unsafe water • Water contents of
• Enumerate water various body fluids
borne diseases and • Hydration and
their contribution to dehydration issues
33.
morbidity and
mortality.
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF
teaching&
learning
Electrophores BIO Knowledge; • Procedure of LW MCQs,
is • Define Polyacrylamide gel SEQs,OSPE
electrophoresis and agarose gel
. Electrophoresis
• Understand • Biomedical
the concept of importance
Polyacrylamide • Clinical uses and its
gel and Interpretation
34.
agarose gel
electrophoresis
• Discuss the
purpose of
electrophoresis
• Explain how
gel
electrophoresis

18 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
helps the
researcher to
visualize the
separated
compounds

Spermatogene Anatomy KNOWLEDGE • Blood testis barrier LGF MCQs

sis - (Embryology) Describe the • Spermatogenesis (01) SEQs
Clinical • process of • Spermatocytosis
Correlates spermatogenesis • Spermiogenesis
• Semen • Semen composition
composition, the • Sperm count and clinical
normal sperm correlates
count and correlate
it with its clinical
35. significance.
SKILLS
• Draw the Blood
testis barrier
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching &
learning
Osmosis, Biochemistry KNOWLEDGE • Principles of Osmosis LGF MCQs
Osmotic • Describe the Osmotic Pressure and SEQs
Pressure principles of diffusion in cells.
Diffusion and Osmosis, Osmotic • Effects of solvent and
Principle of Pressure and solute concentration
Dialysis. Diffusion. on tonicity of a
• Understand solution
osmolarity and • Principle of Dialysis
osmolarity of body and its application
36. fluids
• Define Isotonic ,
hypotonic and
hypertonic body
environment
ATTITUDE
• Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching
& learning
Knowledge : • Dissociation of water
Describe • Concept of acids and
Dissociation of MCQs
• The dissociation bases
37. Water as the Biochemistry LGF SEQs
phenomenon in • Importance of
basis of pH
water. electrolytes
• What is pH scale

19 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
• Why 7 is
considered as
neutral pH
• The Handerson-
Haselbach
Equation and its
application.
ATTITUDE
• Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching
& learning
Knowledge
• Define buffer.
• State the body
fluid buffers with • Buffers
their basic • Types of body
Biological
mechanism of buffers MCQs
Buffers &
38. Biochemistry action • Biochemical LGF SEQs
Their
ATTITUDE importance of
Significance
• Follow the buffers
specified • Examples
norms of the
LGF teaching&
learning
Membrane Physiology KNOWLEDGE • Excitable tissues LGF MCQs
Potentials • Outline the • Resting Membrane SEQs
electrochemical Potential
events responsible for • Distribution of ions across
the maintenance of the cell membrane.
resting membrane • Type of channels in the cell
potential. membrane
• Describe different • Leak channels
39.
types of channels • Ligand gated channels
involved in • Voltage gated N a and K
maintaining resting Channels
membrane potential. • Mechanical gated channels
ATTITUDE
Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching & learning
Passive • LGF MCQs,
40.
transport SEQs
Active • LGF MCQs,
41.
Transport SEQs
Cellular PATH KNOWLEDGE • Cellular responses to stress LGF MCQs,
Response To • Define thermostasis. and noxious stimuli SEQs
Noxious
42. • Differentiate between • Response of normal cell to
Stimuli - An
Overview normal and altered normal homeostasis &
hemostasis. altered homeostasis
20 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
FOCAL By the end of the session
SR. NO. TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
DEPARTMENT the student would be
able to:
• Relate the capacity of •
normal cell to the • Cellular adaptations
response to the • Atrophy
various levels of the • Hypertrophy
stress and noxious • Hyperplasia
stimuli. • Metaplasia
• Define the various
mechanisms of cellular
adaptation.
ATTITUDE
• Follow the specified
norms of the LGF
teaching & learning

21 | P a g e
 Foundation Module
HUMAN BODY THE PERFECT CREATION
Theme – II
THEME 02: HUMAN BODY THE PERFECT CREATION
LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
KNOWLEDGE
• Define tissue
• Describe the Definition of tissue
basic body tissues Types of basic body tissues
• Explain the • Epithelium
structure, • Connective tissue
Introduction function & • Muscular tissue
To Basic Body clinical • Nervous tissue MCQ
LGF
Tissues Anatomy • significance of The Basement Membrane s
43. (01
& the (Histology) epithelium & • Definition SEQs
)
Epithelium the basement • Structure
• membrane • Location
ATTITUDE • Properties and
• Follow the characteristics
specified norms • Functions
of the LGF
• teaching&
learning
Knowledge; • Basic Laboratory
• Describe the Techniques MCQ
Basic
basic • Parts of a micropipette s,
44. Laboratory BIO LW
Laboratory • Correct use of SEQs
Techniques
Techniques micropipettes OSPE
including • Clinical applications of

22 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
Pipet ing micropipettes
• Demonstrate
the method
for
measuring
liquid
volumes and
the use of
JESTER
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
contribution
of sodium
and
potassium in
diffusion
potential
• Nernst Potential for Sodium MCQ
• Describe the
Nernst • Nernst Potential for Potassium s
45. Physiology functions of LGF
Potential • Sodium Potassium ATPase Pump SEQs
Sodium
• Origin of the normal RMP
Potassium
ATPase pump
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching &
learning
SKILL
• To obtain few
drops of • 70% Alcohol, spirit. MCQ
Method of
Physiology capillary • Disposable lancet s,
46. obtaining LW
blood by • Disposable glove SEQs,
blood
prick method • Cotton swab OSPE
(Capillary
puncture)
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
classification of
Classification of epithelium and
epithelium.
description of each types
• Identify and
Classification describe Simple epithelium MCQ
LGF
of Epithelium Anatomy different types s
47. • Squamous (01
& Simple (Histology) of simple SEQs
• Cuboidal )
Epithelium epithelia & their
• Columnar
distribution in
• Pseudostratified
the body

ATTITUDE
• Follow the

23 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
& learning
Knowledge
Describe the:
• Sources of
acids and
bases in our
body and the • Conjugate Acids and bases
mechanism • Sources of acids and bases
of control. • pH measurement MCQ
Acids Bases & • Basis of • pH of various body fluids and its s
48. Biochemistry LGF
pH acidosis and homeostasis SEQs
alkalosis • Clinical significance of pH and pH
ATTITUDE scale
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF
teaching&
learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Outline the
electrochemical
events responsible • Action potential
for the generation & • Phases of action potentials MCQ
propagation of • Depolarization s
Action
49. Physiology action potential • repolarization LGF SEQs
Potential
ATTITUDE • Types of channels involved in OSPE
• Follow the generating action potential
specified norms
f the LGF
teaching &
learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
different
parts of
female Anatomy of different parts of
Oogenesis- reproductive female reproductive System MCQ
Overview of Anatomy system and LGF s
• Ovary
50. the Female (Embryology their role in (01 SEQs
• Uterine Tube
Reproductive ) the process ) OSPE
• Uterus
System of
fertilization. • Vagina
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the

24 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
LGF teaching
&Learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
structure of the
stratified
epithelium.
• Discuss the
types and their
special
characteristics
and example of Stratified Epithelium
each type.
• Squamous
• Correlate the
• Cuboidal
type of
• Columnar
epithelium with
Transitional Epithelium MCQ
Stratified its functional
51. Epithelium
Anatomy • Functional and clinical LGF
s
and clinical
(Histology) significance of have specifi SEQs
significance and
types of epitleia at specific
the wisdom
sites in the body and the
behind having
wisdom behind this
different
specification.
epithelia at
specific
locations in the
body.

ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
& learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
events of
oogenesis &
Oogenesis- compare them MCQ
Prenatal maturation of oocytes
Prenatal Anatomy with LGF s
• Oogonia
52. Maturation Of (Embryology spermatogenesis (01 SEQs
• Primordial Follicles
Oocytes & ) ATTITUDE )
Ovulations • Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching &
Learning
KNOWLEDGE Glandular epithelium MCQ
Glandular LGF
Anatomy • Enlist glandular • Exocrine s
53. epithelium (01
(Histology) epithelia • Endocrine SEQs
)
• Classify them on • Mixed

25 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
the basis of Classification systems
morphology, • Morphology
• nature of • Nature of secretion
secretion and • Mode of secretion
mode of • Apocrine
secretion • Holocrine
• Compare and • Merocrine
contrast exocrine
& endocrine
• glands on the
basis of structure
and function
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
• & learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Define and
explain surface
tension,
viscosity, vapor
pressure,
normal boiling
point and
• Importance of surface
capillary action.
tension and viscosity in our
• Describe the
body
importance of
• Importance of selectively
selectively
Importance of permeable Membranes
permeable MCQ
Surface • Role of surface tension and
membranes, SG s
54. Tension BIO viscosity of body fluids in
osmosis, D SEQs
& Viscosity In normal biological functions
osmotic
Our Body of the body e.g. expansion
pressure,
and integrity of alveoli due
surface tension,
to surfactant, hemodynamic
viscosity & their
abnormalities in
importance
hyperviscosity syndromes
related to body
fluids
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
& learning
Action KNOWLEDGE • AP in various tissues of the body MCQ
Potential In • Describe action ▪ large myelinated nerve fibres s
55. Physiology LGF
Various potential in various ▪ Cardiac muscles SEQs
Tissues of The tissues of the body. ▪ Self-excitatory tissue (SA node)
26 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
Body. • Define compound ▪ Smooth muscles
action potential • Compound AP
ATTITUDE • Biphasic action Potential
Follow the specified • Recording of membrane potential
norms of the LGF & AP.
teaching & learning Propagation of AP
MCQ
To obtain few drops 70% Alcohol, spirit.
Method of s
of capillary blood by Disposable lancet L
56. obtaining Physiology SEQs
prick method Disposable glove W
blood OSP
(Capillary puncture) Cotton swab
E
70% Alcohol, spirit. MCQ
To obtain venous
Method of Physiology Spirit, Disposable syringe, L s
57. blood by
obtaining disposable gloves. W SEQs
venipuncture
blood • Cotton swab, tourniquet OSPE
To become familiar
MCQ
How to give with a clinical Alcohol, Spirit
Physiology L s
58. Intramuscula procedure of giving Disposable Syringe 5 cc
W SEQs
r injection intramuscular Cotton Swab
OSPE
medication.
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
events of
oogenesis & Postnatal maturation of oocytes
Oogenesis- compare them • Primary Follicle
MCQ
Post Natal Anatomy with • Secondary Follicle LGF
s
59. Maturation Of (Embryology spermatogenesis • Zona Pellucida and its (01
SEQs
Oocytes & ) ATTITUDE significance and )
Ovulations • Follow the fertilization and afterward
specified norms • Tertiary Follicle
of the LGF
teaching &
learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the Lateral cell surface specialization
lateral • Tight junction
MCQ
Lateral Cell domain and • Adherent junction LGF
Anatomy s
60. Surface its • Desmosomes (02
(Histology) SEQs
Specialization specializatio • Hemidesmosome )
ns in cell-to- • Gap junctions
cell
adhesion.
KNOWLEDGE • Basement Membrane Structure
• Describe the basal and Function MCQ
Basal Cell
Anatomy domain and its • Cell-to–Extracellular Matrix s
61. Surface LGF
(Histology) specializations in Junctions SEQs
Specialization
cell-to– extracellular • Morphologic Modifications of
matrix adhesion the Basal Cell Surface
Apical cell Anatomy KNOWLEDGE • Microvilli MCQ
62. LGF
Surface (Histology) • Describe the apical • Stereocilia s
27 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
Specialization domain and its • Cilia SEQs
modifications
SKILLS
• Identify and
describe the
differentiating
features of various • Stratified epithelium MCQ
Histology of types of stratified
ANA • squamous s
63. Stratified epithelia in the LW
(HISTO) given histological • cuboidal SEQs
Epithelia
slides • columnar OSPE
ATTITUDE
• Follow the specified
norms of the LW
teaching & learning
SKILLS
• Identify and
describe the
differentiating
features of
Histology of pseudostratified
Pseudostratifi epithelium and
ANA • Pseudostratified epithelium
64. ed and Transitional LW OSPE
(HISTO) • Transitional epithelium
transitional epithelia in the
Epithelia given histological
slides.
ATTITUDE
• Follow the specified
norms of the LW
teaching & learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
menstrual cycle,
its hormonal
control and Menstrual cycle
endometrial
• Menstrual Phase
response at the MCQ
Anatomy • Proliferative Phase LGF
Menstrual time of s
65. (Embryology • Secretary Phase (01
Cycle implantation. SEQs
) • Ovulation )
ATTITUDE
• Follow the • Corpus Luteum
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&
Learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
process of Transport of gametes MCQ
Anatomy LGF
Transport Of transport of • In male reproductive system s
66. (Embryology (01
Gametes gametes in male • In female reproductive SEQs
) )
and female system
reproductive
systems.
28 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&learning
KNOWLEDGE Fertilization – Events - I
• Describe the • Capacitation
major events
• Site
of fertilization. MCQ
Anatomy • Penetration of corona LGF
Fertilization – ATTITUDE s
67. (Embryology radiate (01
Events • Follow the SEQs
) • Zona pellucid )
specified norms
• Acrosome reaction
of the LGF
teaching • Zona / cortical reaction
&Learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Relate the
events of
fertilization with
its clinical
correlates like In
Vitro Fertilization – Events – II
Fertilization • Zygote formation
(IVF), Gamete • Result of fertilization
Intra-Fallopian
Fertilization – • Clinical Correlates MCQ
Anatomy Transfer (GIFT), LGF
Clinical • Parthogenesis s
68. (Embryology (Zygote (01
Correlates • IVF SEQs
) Intrafallopian )
• GIFT
Transfer)ZIFT,
Intracytoplasmic • ZIFT
Sperm Injection • ICSI
(ICSI)
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
&learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the Cleavage
formation of • Morula
1st Week MCQ
Anatomy blastocyst • Compaction
Cleavage & s
69. (Embryology ATTITUDE • Transport of morula in the LGF
Blastocyst SEQs
) Follow the uterine
Formation
specified norms of • tube
the SGD teaching & • Blastocyst formation
Learning
Implantation Anatomy KNOWLEDGE Implantation LGF MCQ
70.
& Its (Embryology • Describe the • Site (01 s

29 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
Abnormalities ) process of • events involved in process ) SEQs
(Ectopic implantation of normal
Pregnancy) • Define ectopic implantation
implantation and • Ectopic implantation with a
list the common “case history”
• sites for
ectopic
implantation
• Describe the
theories of
immunological
acceptance
• of the
conceptus

• General organization of the

Autonomic Nervous System
KNOWLEDGE • Preganglionic & postganglionic
Functional
• Describe functional sensory neurons
Organization Of MCQ
organization of ANS • Division of autonomic nervous
Autonomic s
71. Physiology ATTITUDE system LGF
Nervous System SEQs
Follow the specified • Physiological anatomy of
norms of the LGF sympathetic nervous system
teaching & learning • Physiologic Anatomy of the
parasympathetic Nervous
System
KNOWLEDGE
Describe the major
events of the 2nd 2nd week of Development
week of • Differentiation of
development. trophoblast
Events of 2nd • Bilaminar germ • Decidual reaction
MCQ
Week of Anatomy disc • Formation of epiblast & LGF
s
72. Development - (Embryology • amniotic cavity hypoblast from the inner (01
SEQs
1 ) • amnion cell mass )
• primary yolk sac • Formation of amniotic
ATTITUDE cavity
Follow the specified • Lacunar stage of
norms of the LGF trophoblastic development
teaching &
learning
KNOWLEDGE • Development of amniotic
• extraembryonic cavity
Events Of 2nd mesoderm • Development of primary
MCQ
Week Of Anatomy • extraembryonic yolk sac LGF
s
73. Development - (Embryology coelom • Development of (01
SEQs
2 ) (chorionic extraembryonic )
cavity) Mesoderm
• secondary yolk • Somatopleure,
sac • Splanchnopleure
30 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
• chorionic villi • Development of chorionic
(beginning) cavity
• Development of secondary
ATTITUDE yolk sac
• Follow the • An overview of the
specified norms conceptus at the end of
of the LGF second week of
teaching & development
learning

KNOWLEDGE
Relate the common
clinical
abnormalities with
the
Clinical Clinical Correlates of 2nd week of
Events of the 2nd MCQ
Correlates Of Anatomy Development LGF
week of s
74. 2nd (Embryology • Placenta previa (01
development. SEQs
Week Of ) • Hydatidiform mole )
ATTITUDE
Development • Genome imprinting
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching &
Learning
KNOWLEDGE
3rd week of Development
Describe the 6 major
3rd Week of • Gastrulation
events of 3rd week MCQ
Development- o Primitive Streak
Anatomy of development. LGF s
Gastrulation, o Primitive Groove
75. (Embryology ATTITUDE (01 SEQs
Formation o Henson’s Node
) Follow the specified ) OSPE
of three Germ o Primitive Pit
norms of the LGF
Layers • Cell Adhesion Molecules
teaching &
• Formation of three germ layers
Learning
• Basic Characteristics of sympathetic
KNOWLEDGE
and parasympathetic function
• Describe
▪ Cholinergic & Adrenergic Fiber-
characteristics& MCQ
Characteristics Secretion of Acetylcholine or nor-
functions of ANS s
76. & Functions Of Physiology epinephrine LGF
ATTITUDE SEQs
ANS ▪ Receptors of the effectors organs
Follow the specified
Excitatory and inhibitory Actions of
norms of the LGF
sympathetic and parasympathetic
teaching & learning
stimulation
KNOWLEDGE 3rd week of development
• Describe the • Notochord & its role in
3rd Week Of
formation of the embryogenesis MCQ
Development LGF
Anatomy notochord as a • Formation of: s
77. - Formation (01
(Embryology major • Notochordal process SEQs
Of )
) Events of 3rd week • Notochordal canal
the
of development. • Notochordal plate
Notochord
ATTITUDE • Definitive Notochordal
31 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
&Learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Enlist the
3rd Week Of derivatives of 3 3rd week of development
Development germ layer
• Overview of trilaminar germ
- Overview Of • Describe the disc MCQ
Trilaminar allantois and its LGF
Anatomy • Derivatives of 3 germ layers s
78. Germ Disc& functions (01
(Embryology • Ectoderm SEQs
Derivatives Of ATTITUDE )
) • Mesoderm
3 Germ • Follow the
Layers • Endoderm
specified norms
of the LGF • Allantois & its functions
teaching &
• Learning
• Effects of sympathetic and
KNOWLEDGE parasympathetic stimulation n
• Describe the relation special organs
of stimulus rate to • Role of adrenal medullae
the degree of • Sympathetic & parasympathetic
MCQ
Sympathetic & sympathetic and tone
s
79. Parasympatheti Physiology parasympathetic • Relation of stimulus rate to LGF
SEQs
c Tone tone Degree of sympathetic and
ATTITUDE parasympathetic “tone”
Follow the specified • Denervation Super-sensitivity
norms of the LGF of sympathetic and
teaching & learning parasympathetic organs after
denervation
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the fate
of primitive streak
as one of the
3rd week of development
3rd Week Of 6major events of
• Fate of Primitive Streak MCQ
Development Anatomy 3rd week of LGF
• Sacrococcygeal teratomas s
80. -Fate Of (Embryology development. (01
• Revision of the course SEQs
Primitive ) ATTITUDE )
work of third week of
Streak • Follow the
development
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&Learning
3rd Week Of KNOWLEDGE 3rd week of development
Development - • Describe the • Formation of IEM MCQ
Anatomy LGF
Formation & formation and • Differentiation of IEM s
81. (Embryology (01
Differentiation differentiation • Paraxial mesoderm SEQs
) )
Of of • Intermediate mesoderm
Intraembryoni Intraembryoni • Lateral plate mesoderm
32 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
c c mesoderm.
Mesoderm-
ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Outline the •
significance of
• Functions significance of
the ANS in
Functions Of ANS in various organs of the
various organs
The ANS In body
of the body SG
82. Various Physiology • ye
ATTITUDE D
Organs Of The • Glands
• Follow the
Body • GIT
specified
• CVS
norms of the
SGD teaching • Alarm or stress response
& learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
formation and
differentiation
of
3rd Week Of • Differentiation of PARAXIAL
PARAXIAL
Development - MESODERM MCQ
Anatomy MESODERM LGF
Differentiation • somitomeres s
83. (Embryology (01
of Paraxial • Somatogenesis SEQs
) ATTITUDE )
Mesoderm • Derivatives of Somites
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&
learning
KNOWLEDGE 3rd week of development
• Describe the • Intermediate Mesoderm & its
differentiation derivatives
of intermediate • Lateral plate Mesoderm
and lateral • Development of
3rd Week of intraembryonic coelom
plate mesoderm
Differentiation MCQ
Anatomy & their • Further development of LGF
Of s
84. (Embryology derivatives trophoblast (01
Intermediate SEQs
) • Describe the • Primary chorionic villi )
& Lateral Plate
development of • Secondary chorionic villi
Mesoderm
intraembryonic • Tertiary chorionic villi
coelom • Outer cytotrophoblast shell
• Anchoring Villi
ATTITUDE • Terminal villi
• Follow the •

33 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
&Learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
concept of 3rd week of development
neurulation • Define neurulation
in the 3rd
• Neural plate
week of MCQ
3rd Week Of Anatomy • Neural groove LGF
development s
85. Development - (Embryology • Neural folds (01
. SEQs
Neurulation ) • Neuropore )
ATTITUDE
• Concept of Primary &
• Follow the
specified Secondary neurulation
norms of the
LGF teaching
&Learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
3rd week of development
neural crest
• Neural crest
• Describe the
• Head neural crest & its
3rd Week Of process of
derivatives MCQ
Development- Anatomy induction LGF
• Trunk neural crest & its s
86. Neural Crest, (Embryology (01
derivatives SEQs
Embryonic ) ATTITUDE )
• Embryonic Induction & different
Induction • Follow the
mechanisms involved in tissue
specified norms
interaction
of the LGF
teaching
&Learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
major events
4th week of development
of the 4th week
th
4 Week Of • Embryonic Folding
of MCQ
Development- Anatomy • Folding in Horizontal Plane LGF
development. s
87. Folding Of (Embryology • Folding in Median Plane (01
ATTITUDE SEQs
Embryo ) o Head fold & )
• Follow the
o Tail fold
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&learning
KNOWLEDGE Effects of Folding
4th Week Of
• Describe the Formation of:
Development- MCQ
Anatomy major events of ▪ Foregut LGF
Effects of s
88. (Embryology the 4th week of ▪ Midgut (01
folding of the SEQs
) development. ▪ Hindgut )
embryo
ATTITUDE Formation of:
• Follow the ▪ Stomodeum

34 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
specified norms ▪ Cloaca
of the LGF Formation of Umbilical Ring
teaching Fate of Yolk Sac
&learning ▪ Vitelline duct formation

KNOWLEDGE
•
Describe the
major events
4th to 8th week highlights
taking place in
• Development of:
4th to 8th
• Pharyngeal arches
• week of the
• Optic & nasal placodes
embryo.
• FN prominence
• Discuss the
4th Week Of • Heart & liver bulges MCQ
period of
Development - Anatomy • Upper & Lower limb buds LGF s
organogenesis
89. Highlights Of (Embryology • Somites (01 SEQs
and correlate it
the 4th To 8th ) • Auricular hillocks ) OSPE
clinically to the
Week • Umbilical Herniation
congenital
• Ossification centers
anomalies
• Period of organogenesis
ATTITUDE
and its clinical correlation in
• Fellow the
causation of the congenital
specified norms
anomalies
of the LGF
teaching
&Learning
Foetal Period 3rd to 5thMONTH
• METHODS OF MEASURING
EMBRYOS OR FOETUSES
KNOWLEDGE o CRL
•
Describe the o CHL
major events
taken place • Length of Pregnancy (EDD)
from 3rd o Nägele's rule
• month to 5th o ULTRASONOGRAPHY
month of the ▪ BPD
Foetal Period- foetal period ▪ Head Circumference
MCQ
3rd To Anatomy • Discuss the ▪ Abdominal LGF
s
90. 5thmonth (Embryology clinical Circumference (01
SEQs
Highlights ) significance of ▪ Femur length )
each month. ▪ Foot length
ATTITUDE
• Fellow the • MONTHLY CHANGES 3rd to
specified norms 5th MONTH
of the LGF o Appearance
teaching o Umbilical Hernia
&learning o Prim. Ossification
Centres
o Sex of Foetus
o Erythropoiesis - Liver
o QUICKENING

35 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
o Vernix Caseosa
o Lanugo

KNOWLEDGE
• FOETAL PERIOD 6th MONTH to
Describe the
FULL TERM
major events
• Progression of
taking place from
Subcutaneous Fat
6th
deposition
• month to the
• Eye brows, eye lashes
birth of the foetal
Foetal Period- • RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
period MCQ
6th Month To Anatomy o Surfactant & its LGF
• Discuss the s
91. Full Term (Embryology function (01
clinical SEQs
Highlights ) o Erythropoiesis - Spleen )
significance of
• Skin colour
each month.
• Lanugo loss
ATTITUDE
• Testes and Ovaries descent
• Fellow the • Umbilical position
specified • Hallmarks of a FULL TERM
norms of the
BABY
LGF teaching
&learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Enumerate
the clinical
uses for in
assessing the PROCEDURES ASSESSING THE
wellbeing of STATUS OF FETUS
developing • Diagnostic Amniocentesis
human in • Chorion villous sampling (CUS).
prenatal life.
Procedures • Fetoscopy
• Recognize
Assessing The • Per umbilical cord blood MCQ
Anatomy the ethical LGF
Status Of sampling s
92. (Embryology issues (01
Fetus: • (PUBS). SEQs
) involved in )
• Intrauterine fetal blood
the use of
transfusion
these
procedures • Ultrasonography
ATTITUDE • CT and MRI
• Fellow the • Ethical issues related to the
specified use each procedure
norms of the
LGF teaching
&learning

KNOWLEDGE • diagnosis of pregnancy,

Normal
• explain how to • duration of normal pregnancy
Pregnancy & MCQ
diagnose • ,trimesters of pregnancy,
93. how to assess Gynae LGF s
pregnancy ,the examinations and
the health of SEQs
total duration of investigations to assess fetal
the fetus
normal wellbeing

36 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
pregnancy
• explain the
trimesters of
normal
pregnancy and
significance of
each,
• to explain
different
methods to
assess fetal well
being and growth
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
foetal
membrane
and the
importance
of the
Fetal amniotic fluid
FOETAL MEMBRANES:
Membranes & • Discuss the MCQ
Anatomy • Amnion LGF
their clinical clinical s
94. (Embryology • Chorion (01
significance significance SEQs
) • Amniotic Fluid )
of the foetal
• Clinical significance
membrane

ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
&learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
Umbilical
cord, yolk sac
and allantois
• Discuss the FOETAL MEMBRANES:
Umbilical
clinical MCQ
Cord, Anatomy LGF
significance s
95. Yolk Sac, (Embryology • Umbilical Cord (01
of each. SEQs
Allantois ) • Yolk Sac )
& their Clinical • Allantois
ATTITUDE
Significance
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&learning
The Placenta Anatomy KNOWLEDGE Structure, Types and functions of LGF MCQ
96.
(Embryology • Describe the the Placenta (01 s

37 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
) stages of • Chorionic Plate ) SEQs
formation of • Basal Plate
placenta with • Chorionic villi
special • Intervillous spaces
emphasis on • Placental membrane
fetal and • Utero-placental circulation
maternal • Types of Placentae
contribution. o Gross
• Enumerate o Microscopic
the functions
of placenta.

ATTITUDE
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&Learning
• Modern Embryology as we
understand it today has its
roots in the 17th century
• Quran has described the
stages of development a 1000
KNOWLEDGE years before that in exquisite
• Describe how detail- a testament to the
Quran has miracle of Quran
explained the • Surah Al-Mu’minun 23:12-14
Human human • Surah Az- Zumar 39:6 MCQ
Development Life and development. LGF s
97. • Surah Al-Qiayamah75:36-39
– The Quranic Living • Recognize the SEQs
• Surah Al-Insan 76:2
Perspective miracle of
• Surah As- Sajdah 32:7-8
human
• Surah At- Tariq 86: 5-6
development as
• Surah Abasa 80:17-19
the “signs
within” • Surha An-Najm 53:45-46
• Surah AL-Mursalat 77: 20-23
• Recognition by Keith Moore
(1981,
• The signs within, Surah Fussilat
41:53
KNOWLEDGE TERATOLOGY
• Describe the
Teratology three basic • Definition
(Congenital principles of
Anatomy • Minor & major congenital MCQ
Malformations teratology, LGF
(Embryology • malformations s
98. ) incidence, (01
Genetics • Principles of teratology SEQs
(Incidence, causes of )
Module) • Environmental factors
Classification, Congenital
Causes) • Infectious Agents
malformations
• Drugs
ATTITUDE • Chemical Agents

38 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
SR.N FOCAL By the end of the
TOPIC CONTENT TLM AST
O. DEPARTMENT session the student
would be able to:
• Realize the • Ionizing radiations
effects of • Genetic Factors
teratology in • Chromosomal Anomalies
real life o Structural
situation o Numerical
• Appreciates the
role of drugs
and harmful
environmental
exposure in the
development of
congenital
anomalies

• Follow the
specified norms
of the LGF
teaching
&learning
KNOWLEDGE
• Describe the
mechanism of
Twinning & its TWINNING
different
•
• types
• Mechanism
• Discuss the MCQ
• TYPES:
Twinning Anatomy conjoined LGF s
• Monozygotic
99. (Embryology twinning and (01 SEQs
• Dizygotic
) clinical ) OSPE
• Conjoined
correlates
ATTITUDE • Complications during
pregnancy
• Follow the
specified
norms of the
LGF teaching
&learning

39 | P a g e
 Foundation Module

VERTICAL THEMES

40 | P a g e
 THEME : LIFE AND LIVING

Sub-theme I: Fundamentals of Islam, its Ethical Principles and Contemporary

Issues

LEARNING OUTCOME
By the end of the
S.No. TOPIC CORE CONTENTS TLM AST
session the student
would be able to:
1. Islamic Enlist vision the • Concept of treatment in Islam LGF
perspective of concept of treatment • Medical Ethics Vs Islamic medical ethics
the practice of in Islam. • Doctor Vs Muslim doctor
Medical Recognize the roles, MCQs
• Roles of a Muslim doctor SEQs
profession responsibilities and
characteristics of a • Historic perspective of health care and
Muslim doctor. the contribution of Muslim physicians
• Hamdard-e Khalaiq , Marja –e- Khalaiq -
Leadership role of doctors in the society
2. The Recognize the nature What is the nature of life and death? LGF
importance of the relationship What is the purpose of life and death?
and value of between this world What is the relationship between this
the world and (‫ )الد نیا‬and the world (‫ )الد نیا‬and the hereafter (‫ )االخرۃ‬- ‫الدنيا‬
its implications hereafter (‫ )االخرۃ‬in MCQs
‫مزرعة اآلخرة‬ SEQs
for our attitude light of the teachings
Al Isra [17: 18-21]
of Quran’n and
What are the implications for our attitudes
Sunnah and how it
and behaviours as Muslim health care
shapes our attitudes
professionals(personal and professional
and behaviours.
roles).
3. Knowledge- its Describe the The definition of “ ilm- ‫ملع‬- Knowledge” LGF
importance importance and
The sources of knowledge
and objectives objectives of seeking
The knowledge of purpose of life and the
knowledge in light of
resources of life
the teachings of
Purpose of seeking knowledge and its types
Quran and Sunnah.
What is “ lm-e-Haqeeqi/ real knowledge and
Recognize the role of
why is it considered as the real knowledge?
knowledge as a MCQs
The categorization of knowledge as the
people-building and SEQs
knowledge of Deen (ilm-e-Deen) and the
nation-building force.
knowledge of the world (ilm-e-Duniya) is valid
Relate the
to what extent & Implications for Muslim
importance of
professionals.
curriculum of an
Knowledge as the building force of the
educational system
individual and the nation.
with the quality and
The educational curriculum of a nation
identity of a nation.
produces human resource according to its
needs and ideology
4. Dealing with Describe the Respect of the human body, organs and LGF
human tissues, importance of tissues (Including teeth) during treatment, MCQs
cadavers and respecting human surgical operations, research and health SEQs
animals in body, organs and professions education.
medical tissues in light of the Use of animals in biomedical research and

41 | P a g e
 LEARNING OUTCOME
By the end of the
S.No. TOPIC CORE CONTENTS TLM AST
session the student
would be able to:
practice- Islamic teachings and study of medical and other sciences in the
medical risks medical ethics. ethical and Islamic perspective.
and Islamic Recognize the health
concepts. risks in handling
cadaveric / body
tissues.
Demonstrate respect
of human body,
organs and tissues
while studying
medical sciences and
managing patients.
5. Historical Describe the salient a. Meaning of Caliphate& its significance LGF
Perspective- features of the era of b. Importance & characteristics of the of
The Era of the the Rightly Guided the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs MCQs
Rightly Guided Caliphs and explain c. Role model for administrators SEQs
Caliphs why we refer to it to
as Khilafat-e-
Rashidah.
6. Historical Describe the salient d. Expansion of the state in Syedna Umer 2 LGF
Perspective- features of the ‫رضیاللہتعالیعنہ‬
The administration of • Settlement of conquered areas
administration Syedna Umar& Hazrat • Establishment of new cities
of Syedna Umar bin Abdul
• Creation of the department of Police
Umar Aziz‫رضیاللہتعالیعنھم‬
‫رضیاللہتعالیعنہ‬
• Regular disbursement of stipends for
army from Bait ul Mal
• Prevailing Justice and equity in the
affair of the state and the society in MCQs
his time SEQs
e. Role model for Muslim rulers
f. Revival of Khilafate-e rashida by Harzart
Umer Abdul Aziz
g. Steps taken by him
1. Role modeling for the entire Ummah
2. Return of illegal estates
2. Forgoing of illegal Jizya
3. Appointments on Merit

42 | P a g e
 Sub-theme II: Teachings of the Quran and Hadith

# Title Objective Core Contents TLM AST

By the end of the
session the students
would be able to:
1. Tajweed Recite the Holy Quran a. Arabic Alphabets 4 MCQ,
according to the basic b. Alphabets Pronunciation SGDs SEQ
standards of Tajweed c. Symbol of Waqf
and Tarteel. d. Hifz of last ten surah of Qur’an
2. Recite Surah Al Fatiha a. Introduction to Surah Al- Fatiha SGD MCQ,
“Al-Fatiha”-‫حت‬
‫وسرۃاافل ہ‬
and explain its b. Different Names SEQ
meaning in light of c. Importance in the light of Hadith
ahadiths. d. Preface of the Holy Quran
Explain why it is e. Comprehensive combination of
referred to as the praise of Allah and Dua for
preface of the Holy Hidayah.
Quran.
3. a. Pursuit of -Knowledge comes -Quran is the book of “Ilm” , rather “al- SGD MCQ,
Knowledge first in priority and Ilm”. Knowledge comes through SEQ
guides the actions. learning. Allah likes all those who seek
knowledge, Allah helps them and
b. Relation with -Knowledge should be
facilitates easy access to paradise
Qur’an beneficial.
(jannat).
-Quran is the fountain
-Quran guides mankind in every sphere
(Hadithno:2,3) of uloom both
and aspect of life and is “the only
academically and
source” of guidance and benefit for the
practically.
people. To become a useful human
-Learning it directly being, it is foremost to attain the
from the teacher and knowledge of Quran and Sunnah.
emanating its
knowledge to others is
the useful, excellent
deed for the
betterment of
mankind.

43 | P a g e
 RESEARCH

• Describes the -Definition and features of research

concept of -Cases highlighting importance of
research research
• Appreciates -Research as a career
the need for -Epidemiologic inquiry
original -Role of epidemiology in healthcare
research in -Ongoing researches in PMC
medical -Muslim researchers’ contribution to
profession as medical science
Introduction well as in -Stages of research process
LGF MCQs,
1. to Research healthcare
(ASA) SEQs
services.
• Is aware that
the purpose
of research is
the welfare of
mankind
• Enlists the
stages of
research
process
• Initiation into -UMR students’ guidebook
UMR -Disciplinary and gender interaction
• Accesses policy of UMR
PMC-UMR -overview of UMR website
website for -Introduction to UMR supervisors
information -Introduction to IRB and IEC
and research -Timeline for the UMR conference
Introduction forms Formative
LGF
2. to UMR • Describes the assessmen
(KNA)
timeline for t
the first
research
study
• Is aware of
available
resources for
research
• Describes the -Cardinal principles of medical ethics
basic -Islamic medical ethics
principles of -Research bioethics
Ethics of
Bioethics -Ethics, laws and regulations regarding LGF MCQs,
3. Biomedical
• Appreciates research involving human subjects (KNA) SEQs
Research
the -Role of IRB in maintaining ethical
importance of standards
Nuremburg -Nuremburg trials
44 | P a g e
 trials and -Penicillin research
other similar
historic cases
in evolution
of medical
research
• Describes
research
bioethics
• Defines a - Types of variables
variable -The normal distribution
• Classifies -Mean, median, mode
variables
Introduction • Explains MCQs,
LGF
4. to Basic normal SEQs,
(KNA)
Biostatics distribution OSPE
• Defines
measures of
central
tendency

Sub-theme V: Life Skills for a Health Care Professional

45 | P a g e
 REFERENCE BOOKS

ANATOMY
Recommended Books
GROSS ANATOMY
Drake Gray’s Anatomy for students 3rd edition 2015
Clinically oriented anatomy – Moore 6th Edition 2009 (Available in PMC library)
Cunnigham’s manual of practical anatomy Vol. I – III, Romanes 15th Edition.
Clinical anatomy – Snell 9th Edition 2012.
HISTOLOGY
Basic Histology – Junqueria 13th Edition - 2005
Difiore’s Atlas of Histology: with functional correlations. – Eroschenko 12th Edition 2005
EMBRYOLOGY
The Developing Human – Moore and Persaud 8th Edition 2008
Langman’s Medical Embryology – Sadler 9th Edition 2004
histology. a text and atlas by Ross. 6th edition 2011
Suggested Books
GROSS ANATOMY
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy – Agur 12th Edition 2009
Gross Anatomy – Chung 6th Edition 2008
Gray’s Anatomy – Standring 40th Edition 2008
Last’s Anatomy – Regional and Applied – Sinnatamby 12th Edition 2011
HISTOLOGY
A Text Book of Histology – Bloom and Fawcett. 8th Edition 1962
EMBRYOLOGY
Human Embryology and Development Biology – Carlson 3rd Edition 2004
Human Embryology – W.J. Larsen 3rd Edition 2002
BRS Embryology.Ronald W Dudek,6th edition ,2014
PHYSIOLOGY
Recommended Books
Physiology Practical handouts of PMC
Review of Medical Physiology by Ganog
Text Book of Medical Physiology – Guyton + Hall
Essentials of Medical Physiology – Sembulingum
Human Physiology Vol. I and Vol. II – Chatterjee
Suggested Books
Best and Taylor’s Physiological Basis of Medical Practice – Brokbeck.
Essentials of Medical Physiology Vol.1 and Vol. 2 – Mushtaq.

BIOCHEMISTRY
Recommended Books
Text book of Biochemistry by M. N. Chatterjea 6th Edition
Essentials of biochemistry By MustaqAhamad vol-1 Edition 7th
Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry 27th Edition
Medical Biochemistry 2nd Edition John W Baynes, Marek H Dominiczak
Practical Manual of Biochemistry by S. P. Singh 5th edition
Practical Biochemistry by R.C.Gupta 3rd edition
Practical handouts
Suggested Books
Fundamentals of biochemistry by J. L. Jain 5th Edition
fundamentals of clinical chemistry 6th edition Carl A Burtis, Edward K. Ashwood, David E Bruns
Practical & in Medical Biochemistry by Sucheta P. Dandekar

PHARMACOLOGY
Recommended Books
Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology, 4th Edition

46 | P a g e
Suggested Books
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 10th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung
Trevor’s pharmacology examination and board review.
Step I USMLE; Kaplan Medical (Pharmacology)
Goodman’s and Gilman’s Manual of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Portable edition)

PATHOLOGY
Robbin and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease 8th Edition

COMMUNITY MEDICINE
Textbook Of Preventive And Social Medicine by K. Park 17th Edition

FORENSIC MEDICINE
Recommended Books
Principles and practice of Forensic Medicine by Nasib R. Awan
Suggested Books
Text Book of Forensic medicine and Toxicology by Nagesh Kumar G. Rao.

47 | P a g e