Assignment 2.
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menaosman839Assignment 2.
Uploaded by
menaosman839AI351 Robotic Design
Assignment 2
A.Choose the right answer
1. What is a thermistor?
o a) A type of capacitor
o b) A type of resistor
o c) A type of inductor
o d) A type of transistor
2. Which type of thermistor has resistance that decreases as temperature increases?
o a) PTC
o b) NTC
o c) Both PTC and NTC
o d) Neither PTC nor NTC
3. What materials are NTC thermistors typically made from?
o a) Metals
o b) Semiconductors
o c) Insulators
o d) Superconductors
4. Which equation describes the resistance-temperature relationship for thermistors?
o a) Ohm's Law
o b) Steinhart-Hart equation
o c) Kirchhoff's Law
o d) Maxwell's equations
5. What is a common application of thermistors?
o a) Voltage regulation
o b) Temperature measurement and control
o c) Signal amplification
o d) Frequency modulation
6. What principle do thermocouples operate based on?
o a) Seebeck effect
o b) Joule effect
o c) Faraday effect
o d) Hall effect
7. What does the Seebeck effect generate?
o a) Current
o b) Voltage
o c) Resistance
o d) Capacitance
8. What is the hot junction in a thermocouple?
o a) The reference end
o b) The measuring end
o c) The calibration end
o d) The output end
9. What is required for accurate thermocouple measurements?
o a) Cold junction compensation
o b) High voltage output
o c) Low resistance
o d) High capacitance
10. What is a disadvantage of thermocouples?
o a) High cost
o b) Slow response time
o c) Non-linear output
o d) Complex design
11. What is the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR)?
o a) Change in voltage per degree Celsius
o b) Change in current per degree Celsius
o c) Change in resistance per degree Celsius
o d) Change in capacitance per degree Celsius
12. What circuit is commonly used to measure the resistance of RTDs accurately?
o a) Wheatstone bridge
o b) Voltage divider
o c) RC circuit
o d) LC circuit
13. Which material offers high accuracy and a good temperature coefficient but has a
limited temperature range?
o a) Platinum
o b) Nickel
o c) Copper
o d) Tungsten
14. What is the relationship between resistance and temperature for RTDs?
o a) Non-linear
o b) Exponential
o c) Linear
o d) Logarithmic
15. Which type of sensor detects infrared radiation?
o a) Photocell
o b) IR sensor
o c) Pyroelectric sensor
o d) Reflectance sensor
16. What happens to the resistance of an LDR as light intensity increases?
o a) Increases
o b) Decreases
o c) Remains the same
o d) Fluctuates
17. What is the function of an IR LED?
o a) Emit visible light
o b) Emit infrared radiation
o c) Detect infrared radiation
o d) Block infrared radiation
18. Which sensor is often used in motion detectors?
o a) Photocell
o b) IR sensor
o c) Pyroelectric sensor
o d) Reflectance sensor
19. What type of sensor measures the amount of light reflected from a surface?
o a) Photocell
o b) IR sensor
o c) Pyroelectric sensor
o d) Reflectance sensor
20. Which sensor technology emits radio waves and detects the reflected signals?
o a) Photocell
o b) IR sensor
o c) Radar
o d) Reflectance sensor
21. What is the smallest change in the input parameter that a sensor can detect and
measure?
o a) Range
o b) Resolution
o c) Accuracy
o d) Precision
22. What describes the reproducibility of a measurement?
o a) Range
o b) Resolution
o c) Accuracy
d) Precision
23. Which component allows a mechanical gyroscope to maintain orientation?
a) Rotor
b) Gimbals
c) Accelerometer
d) Encoder
24. The first gyrocompass was developed for:
a) Aircraft
b) Submarines
c) Spacecraft
d) Cars
25. Which device measures angular velocity?
a) Accelerometer
b) Tachometer
c) Gyroscope
d) Encoder
26. MEMS gyroscopes are commonly found in:
a) Smartphones
b) Nuclear reactors
c) Submarine sonar
d) Weather balloons
27. Precession in a gyroscope occurs due to:
a) Linear acceleration
b) External torque
c) Magnetic fields
d) Temperature changes
28. Which sensor pair provides full motion tracking in drones?
a) Gyroscope + tachometer
b) Accelerometer + encoder
c) Gyroscope + accelerometer
d) Encoder + thermometer
29. A three-axis gyroscope measures rotation around:
a) X, Y, Z axes
b) Latitude, longitude, altitude
c) Pitch, roll, linear acceleration
d) Voltage, current, resistance
30. Gyroscopes can measure linear acceleration
a) True
b) false
B. Answer next questions briefly
1. How do gyroscopes and accelerometers complement each other
in motion sensing? Provide examples.
2. Describe the design and function of the MPU-6050 sensor in
robotics.
3. Explain the difference between active and passive sensors,
providing examples of each.
4. Describe how an LDR works and how its resistance changes
with light intensity.
C. Solve next problems
5. A thermistor is placed in 212 o F environment, and its
measured resistance is 20 KΩ; the thermal constant is 3650. If
the thermistor is used to measure a particular temperature;
and its resistance is measured as 500 KΩ, determine the
thermistor temperature.
6. An RTD with thermal coefficient (α = 0.004 / oC), and its
resistance at 20 o C is 106 Ω. If this RTD is used in the bridge
circuit shown above with R1 =R2 =R3=100 Ω and
supply voltage 10 volts. Calculate the resolution of the detector
to measure 1oC change in temperature
Best wishes ;)
Dr.Safa Elaskary
