Lect 3 - TOPSIS Method
Lect 3 - TOPSIS Method
Basma Ezzat
TOPSIS METHOD
Technique of Order
Preference by Similarity to
Ideal Solution
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TOPSIS METHOD
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TOPSIS METHOD
➢In this method two artificial alternatives are hypothesized:
➢Ideal alternative: the one which has the best level for all attributes
considered.
➢Negative ideal alternative: the one which has the worst attribute
values.
➢TOPSIS selects the alternative that is the closest to the ideal solution
and farthest from negative ideal alternative.
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Input to TOPSIS
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Steps of TOPSIS
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Steps of TOPSIS
Step 2: Construct the weighted normalized decision matrix.
❑Assume we have a set of weights for each criteria wj for j = 1,…n.
❑Multiply each column of the normalized decision matrix by its associated
weight.
➢An element of the new matrix is:
𝒗𝒊𝒋 = 𝒘𝒋 𝒓𝒊𝒋
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Steps of TOPSIS
Step 3: Determine the ideal and negative ideal solutions.
➢Ideal solution.
𝑨∗ = { 𝒗𝟏∗ , … , 𝒗𝒏∗ }, where
𝒗𝒊∗ = {max(𝒗𝒊𝒋) 𝒊𝒇 𝒋 𝑱 ; min(𝒗𝒊𝒋) 𝒊𝒇 𝒋 𝑱′ }
𝒋 𝒋
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Steps of TOPSIS
Step 5: Calculate the relative closeness to the ideal solution Ci*
∗ 𝑺′𝒊 ∗
𝑪𝒊 = ∗ , 𝟎 𝑪𝒊 𝟏
(𝑺𝒊 +𝑺′𝒊 )
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Example
Weight 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.2
Style Reliability Fuel Eco. Cost
Civic 7 9 9 8
Saturn 8 7 8 7
Ford 9 6 8 9
Mazda 6 7 8 6
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Example
➢m = 4 alternatives (car models)
➢n = 4 attributes/criteria
➢xij = score of option i with respect to criterion j
➢X = {xij} with order 44 score matrix.
➢J = set of benefit attributes: style, reliability, fuel economy (more is
better)
➢J' = set of negative attributes: cost (less is better)
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Example
Step 1(a): calculate 𝑥2𝑖𝑗 1Τ2
for each column
Style Rel. Fuel Cost
Civic 49 81 81 64
Saturn 64 49 64 49
Ford 81 36 64 81
Mazda 36 49 64 36
𝒙𝒊𝒋𝟐 230 215 273 230
𝒙𝟐𝒊𝒋 𝟏 Τ𝟐
15.17 14.66 16.52 15.17
Example
Step 1 (b): divide each column by 𝑥2𝑖𝑗 1Τ2 to get 𝒓𝒊𝒋
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Example
Step 2: multiply each column by 𝒘𝒋 to get 𝒗𝒊𝒋.
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Example
Step 3 (a): determine ideal solution A*.
A* = {0.059, 0.244, 0.162, 0.080}
Style Rel. Fuel Cost
Civic 0.046 0.244 0.162 0.106
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Example
Step 3 (b): find negative ideal solution A'.
A' = {0.040, 0.164, 0.144, 0.118}
Style Rel. Fuel Cost
Civic 0.046 0.244 0.162 0.106
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Example
Step 4 (a): determine separation from ideal solution
A* = {0.059, 0.244, 0.162, 0.080},