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6 and 7 Rashen class notes

The document discusses the solar system, detailing its structure with one star and eight planets, highlighting Earth as the only planet with life. It also explains comets and asteroids, their characteristics, and their behavior in relation to the Sun and Earth. Additionally, it covers the vastness of the universe, the concept of galaxies, and Edwin Hubble's discovery of the universe's expansion using a balloon model to illustrate the concept.

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6 views

6 and 7 Rashen class notes

The document discusses the solar system, detailing its structure with one star and eight planets, highlighting Earth as the only planet with life. It also explains comets and asteroids, their characteristics, and their behavior in relation to the Sun and Earth. Additionally, it covers the vastness of the universe, the concept of galaxies, and Edwin Hubble's discovery of the universe's expansion using a balloon model to illustrate the concept.

Uploaded by

d.premathilake
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6.

6 Exploring the solar system

 Solar system, contains one star and eight planets that revolve around it.
 The Earth is the only planet that has life on it.
 In order from the Sun we have following names for the planets,
o Mercury – The smallest and the closest to the Sun.
o Venus
o Earth – Only planet with life on it.
o Mars
o Jupiter – The biggest planet in our solar system.
o Saturn – The planet with rings around it.
o Uranus
o Neptune – The farthest planet from the Sun.

Draw a diagram of the solar system:

Comet

 The comet is a celestial object which


orbits around the sun as any other planet
in the solar system.
 Comets have very big revolution path.
(Hallie’s comet is taking 72 years to
complete one orbit around the Sun).
 Comet contains dirt and ice inside.
 When it is moving near the Sun, dust
and gases of water particles will be
pushing away from it due Sun’s radiations
(solar beams).
 We can observe comets only when it
passes close to the Sun.
 Tail of the comet always directed to the opposite side of the Sun, nucleus will face to the
direction of the Sun.
Asteroid

 Asteroids are celestial objects with no specific shape.


 Normally, asteroids are going to locate between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt.
 They have high speed of revolution.
 This speed make them collide (crashing) with each other and make small parts go away from
them.
 Sometimes, we can have those pieces coming to the Earth.
 So, when we have an asteroid enters the atmosphere it will burn before it hit the Earth. Maybe
only a little part of that could hit the ground.
 When it enters the atmosphere we call it a “meteor”.

6.7 Exploring the stars

 The universe is a very big space which has all the known celestial objects inside.
 It contains lots of galaxies inside.
 A galaxy is a collection of stars. Each star could have their own solar systems just like our solar
system.
 We can’t count how many galaxies are there in our universe or we can’t count how many stars in
our galaxy “Milky Way”.

* Previously people had different idea about the universe. But, after finding the Hubble telescope which
is a very powerful telescope, people understood the true nature of the universe.

* Edwin Hubble, investigated about the universe and found out that universe is expanding. He uses the
distances between the galaxies to identify that universe is expanding.

Activity 6.7

Making a model of the expanding universe.

 We can show how the universe is expanding by using a balloon.


 We have to take a balloon and stick some papers on it. Each paper part represents a galaxy.
 When we blow the balloon we can understand that paper pieces are getting away from each
other.
 Similarly, Hubble understood that universe expanding just by observing galaxies getting away
from each other.

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