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The document explains the representation of the Cartesian product of sets using arrow diagrams, tree diagrams, and graphical forms. Examples demonstrate how to derive ordered pairs from given sets, such as A × B and P × Q. It also outlines the process for visualizing these products through various diagrammatic methods.

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Meenakshi Chincholi
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2 views

dms m3

The document explains the representation of the Cartesian product of sets using arrow diagrams, tree diagrams, and graphical forms. Examples demonstrate how to derive ordered pairs from given sets, such as A × B and P × Q. It also outlines the process for visualizing these products through various diagrammatic methods.

Uploaded by

Meenakshi Chincholi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Representation of Cartesian product of sets

I. Arrow diagram:

We may represent the Cartesian product of the sets by an arrow diagram.

Ex1:

If A = {3, 4, 5} and B = {6, 8, 10}, then represent A × B in an arrow diagram.

Sol:

Given, A = {3, 4, 5} and B = {6, 8, 10}.


Here, n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 3.

A × B = {3, 4, 5} × {6, 8, 10}

Now the arrow diagram for A × B is as follows:

From the above diagram, we can conclude the ordered pairs as:

A × B = {(3, 6), (3, 8), (3, 10), (4, 6), (4, 8), (4, 10), (5, 6), (5, 8), (5, 10)}

n(A × B) = 9

Ex2:

If A = {p, q} and B = {k}, then represent A × B in an arrow diagram?

Sol:

Given, A = {p, q} and B = {k}.

n(A) = 2, n(B) = 1.

n(A × B) = 2 × 1 = 2

Now the arrow diagram for A × B is as follows:


From the above diagram, we can conclude the set of ordered pairs as:

A × B = {p, q} × {k} = {(p, k), (q, k)}

II. Tree diagram:

We may represent the Cartesian product of the sets by a tree diagram.

Ex1:

Let P = {a, b, c} and Q = {m, n} be two sets. Represent P × Q in a tree diagram.

Sol:

Given, P = {a, b, c} and Q = {m, n}.

n(P) = 3, n(Q) = 2.

n(P × Q) = 3 × 2 = 6

Now the tree diagram for P × Q is as follows:

From the above diagram:

P × Q = {a, b, c} × {m, n}

P × Q = {(a, m), (b, m), (c, m), (a, n), (b, n), (c, n)}.

Ex2:

From the following tree diagram, find A × B.


Sol:

From above diagram, we can conclude that

A = {3, 5} and B = {9, 11, 13, 17}

n(A) = 2 and n(B) = 4

n(A × B) = 2 × 4 = 8

A × B = {3, 5} × {9, 11, 13, 17}

A × B = {(3, 9), (3, 11), (3, 13), (3, 17), (5,9), (5, 11), (5, 13), (5, 17)}

III. Graphical representation of Cartesian product:

The Cartesian product can be represented in a graphical form.

Example:

If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {1, 2, 3}, then represent A × B in a graph.

Procedure:

Draw two lines one horizontal line and vertical line which are perpendicular to each other.

Represent the first set elements 1, 2, 3, 4 on horizontal line and represent the second set
elements 1, 2, 3 on vertical line.
Draw lines 1, 2, 3 which are parallel to the horizontal line.

Similarly draw lines from 1, 2, 3, 4 which are parallel to vertical line.

The intersection of vertical line and horizontal line are represented as '*'.

The '*' represents the ordered pairs of the set A × B.

So, from the graph, the ordered pairs are:

(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3)

∴ The set A × B = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4,
3)}

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