ENGLISH REVIEWER

POINTERS TO REVIEW Examples: “Death, be not proud, though some have

Lesson 3: Caedmon’s Hymn called thee,
Figures of Speech mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so.”
Inversions in Questions and Commands “O happy dagger! This is thy sheath; there rust and let me
Literary Points die.”
Clippings
Compounding
6. METONYMY – is meant for a change of name. it is a
Using Expletives Here and There
substitute of the thing names for the thing meant.
Lesson 4: Life Background of King Arthur as a
young boy Examples:
Words to Unlock in Le Morte D’ Arthur Metonymy Meaning Example

Crown In the place of a We will swear

FIGURES OF SPEECH - is a word phrase that possesses
Royal person. loyalty to the
a separate meaning from its literal definition.
crown.
1. SIMILE – a comparison of two unlike objects with Suit In the place of If we don’t get
the use of as and like. business people. these reports in
Examples: She is like a fairy. today. The suits
Her skin is as white as snow. will be after us.
His head is as big as a pumpkin. The Big House To refer to My brother was
prison. just released
2. METHAPOR – a direct comparison. from the big
Examples: He is a lion in a fight. house.
She is now in the sunset of her days.
Maricel is a walking encyclopedia.
7. SYNECDOCHE – in which, most often, a part of
something is used to refer to its whole.
3. PERSONIFICATION – is an attribution of personal
nature, intelligence or character to inanimate objects Examples: All hands on deck
or abstract notions. Faces in the crowd
Examples: The dish ran away with the spoon. Kansas City scored the winning touchdown
Little sorrows sit and sweep. Lend me your ears
The sun sleeps at night.
INVERSIONS IN QUESTIONS AND COMMANDS
4. HYPERBOLE – is a statement made emphatic by QUESTIONS:
over-statement. Are you interested to go to the program?
Examples: I’ve told you to clean your room a million Is Rick performing in the program?
times!
It was cold; I saw polar bears wearing hats and jackets.
COMMANDS:
We have a million things to do today.
Mop and wax the floor.
5. APOSTROPHE – it is a direct address to some inanimate Bake an apple pie.
thing or some abstract ideas if it were living person or
some absent person as if it were present. LITERARY POINTS
HYMN - a lyrical composition expressive of religious
aspirations, petition, confession, or praise. It is neither a
poem alone nor music alone.
TYPES OF HYMNS COMPOUNDING- forms a word out of two or more root
1. TRUE HYMN - a hymn addressed to God and morphemes. The words are called compounds or
considered as prayers and should be sung accordingly. compound words.
“Caedmon’s Hymn” is considered as true hymn.
TYPES OF COMPOUND WORDS
2. PSALMS - the hymns found in the Book of Psalms in the 1. OPEN COMPOUND WORDS - An open compound word
Bible. is created in cases when the modifying adjective is used
with its noun to create a new noun.
Examples: Living Room
3. SPIRITUAL SONGS - hymns that uplift the worshippers
Full Moon
and are addressed to them than a deity.
Dinner Table
Coffee Mug
4. CHORALES - characterized mainly by their even
rhythm, which lends great stateliness to their 2. CLOSED COMPOUND WORDS - Closed compound
performance. words look like one word. At one point, these words
weren’t used together, but they’re now accepted as a
5. GOSPEL HYMN - developed in the past by preachers “real word” in the English language. Closed compound
but does not really refer to the Gospel. words are usually made up of only two words.
Examples: Notebook
CLIPPINGS – is the process of cutting off the beginning or Superman
end of word, or both, leaving the part to stand for the Bookstore
whole.
3. HYPHENATED COMPOUND WORDS - There are a great
Examples: Prof.... (Professor)
many grammar rules regarding hyphens in compound
Gym.... (Gymnasium)
words. One important rule of thumb to remember is that
Ad.... (Advertisment) in most cases, a compound adjective is hyphenated if
placed before the noun it modifies, but not if placed after
TYPES OF CLIPPINGS the noun.
1. BACK CLIPPING Examples:
Examples: Temp- Temperature a long-term solution
Rhino- Rhinoceros Sister-in-law
Gym- Gymnasium an up-to-date user guide

2. FORE CLIPPING USING EXPLETIVES HERE AND THERE

Examples: Copter- Helicopter Examples: Here comes the bride.
Telephone- Phone Here are some tips.
There are more motivational speakers now than in the
Airplane- Plane
past decades.
There are some students in the library.
3. MIXED CLIPPING
Examples: Influenza- flu
Refrigerator- Fridge

4. CLIPPING- COMPOUNDS
Examples: Parachute + Trooper- Paratrooper