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Maths Answers

The document covers mathematical concepts including HCF, LCM, operations with negative numbers, decimals, and fractions, as well as geometry topics like angles, area, and perimeter. It also discusses statistics through two-way tables, bar charts, averages, and ranges, and concludes with ratio and proportion concepts such as divisibility and rounding decimals. Each section provides definitions, methods, and examples to illustrate the concepts.

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aayand63
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6 views

Maths Answers

The document covers mathematical concepts including HCF, LCM, operations with negative numbers, decimals, and fractions, as well as geometry topics like angles, area, and perimeter. It also discusses statistics through two-way tables, bar charts, averages, and ranges, and concludes with ratio and proportion concepts such as divisibility and rounding decimals. Each section provides definitions, methods, and examples to illustrate the concepts.

Uploaded by

aayand63
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section A: Number and Algebra

HCF and LCM

1. HCF of 12 and 18 = 6

o Method: Prime factorize both numbers:

▪ 12 = 2 * 2 * 3

▪ 18 = 2 * 3 * 3

o HCF: Product of common prime factors = 2 * 3 = 6

2. LCM of 6, 8, and 12 = 24

o Method: Prime factorize all numbers:

▪ 6=2*3

▪ 8=2*2*2

▪ 12 = 2 * 2 * 3

o LCM: Product of highest powers of all prime factors = 2^3 * 3 = 24

3. They will ring together again after the LCM of 12 and 15 minutes.

o LCM of 12 and 15 = 60 minutes

o So, they will ring together again at 11:00 AM.

4. Smallest number divisible by both 15 and 20 is their LCM.

o LCM of 15 and 20 = 60

5. HCF is the largest number that divides both numbers exactly, while LCM is the smallest
number that is a multiple of both numbers.

6. Prime factorization of 24 = 2^3 * 3 Prime factorization of 36 = 2^2 * 3^2

o HCF: 2^2 * 3 = 12

o LCM: 2^3 * 3^2 = 72

Adding and Subtracting Negative Numbers

1. -5 + 8 = 3

2. -12 - (-4) = -12 + 4 = -8

3. New depth = -200 + 50 = -150 meters

4. New temperature = -5 + 10 = 5°C

5. To subtract a negative number, change the sign and add.

6. -3 + 7 - (-2) = -3 + 7 + 2 = 6
Adding and Subtracting Decimals

1. 3.2 + 4.75 = 7.95

2. 5.8 - 2.35 = 3.45

3. Profit = Selling price - Cost price = 15.75 - 12.50 = £3.25

4. Difference = Flour - Sugar = 0.25 - 0.15 = 0.1 kg

5. Aligning decimal points ensures that we add or subtract digits of the same place value.

6. 15.2 - 8.7 + 3.45 = 9.95

Adding and Subtracting Fractions

1. 1/2 + 1/4 = (2+1)/4 = 3/4

2. 3/4 - 1/3 = (9-4)/12 = 5/12

3. Fraction left = 1 - (3+2)/8 = 3/8

4. Total liquid = 2/3 + 1/4 = (8+3)/12 = 11/12 cup

5. To find a common denominator, find the LCM of the denominators.

6. 5/6 - 1/2 + 1/3 = (5-3+2)/6 = 4/6 = 2/3

Section B: Geometry and Measure

Working with Angles

1. Right angle

2. Use a protractor to draw an angle of 60 degrees.

3. Third angle = 180 - (45 + 60) = 75 degrees

4. Sum of angles in a quadrilateral = 360 degrees

5. Acute angle: less than 90 degrees, Obtuse angle: more than 90 degrees but less than
180 degrees, Right angle: 90 degrees

6. Use a ruler and compass to construct an angle of 135 degrees.

Area and Perimeter

1. Area of rectangle = length * width = 8 * 5 = 40 cm^2

2. Perimeter of square = 4 * side length = 4 * 6 = 24 cm

3. Area of circle = πr^2 = 3.14 * 3^2 = 28.26 m^2

4. Perimeter of rectangle = 2(length + width) = 2(20 + 15) = 70 m

5. Area is the space inside a shape, while perimeter is the distance around the shape.

6. Area of triangle = (1/2) * base * height = (1/2) * 10 * 6 = 30 m^2


Section C: Statistics and Probability

Two-way Tables

1. | | Math | Not Math | Total | |---|---|---|---| | Science | 20 | 10 | 30 | | Not Science | 15 | 5 | 20 |


| Total | 35 | 15 | 50 |

2.

o 35 students like math.

o 30 students like science.

o 50 students in total.

3. A two-way table helps visualize and analyze relationships between two categorical
variables.

Bar Charts

1. Create a bar chart with days on the x-axis and sales on the y-axis. The height of each bar
represents the sales for that day.

2.

o Most sales on Friday.

o Friday sales - Monday sales = 20 - 10 = 10 more sales

3. Key features of a bar chart:

o Bars of equal width.

o Bars are separated.

o Clear labels for axes.

o Title for the chart.

Averages and Ranges

1.

o Mean = (5+7+9+11+13)/5 = 9

o Median = 9 (middle value)

o Mode = No mode (no number repeats)

2. Range = Highest value - Lowest value = 35 - 12 = 23

3. Mean is the average, median is the middle value, and mode is the most frequent value.

4. Range is the difference between the highest and lowest values.


Section D: Ratio and Proportion

Divisibility

1. Yes, 35 is divisible by 7.

2. Yes, 24 is divisible by both 2 and 3.

3. A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5.

4. A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.

Rounding Decimals

1. 3.14 (rounded to two decimal places)

2. 13 (rounded to the nearest whole number)

3. To round a decimal, look at the digit to the right of the desired place value. If it's 5 or
greater, round up; otherwise, round down.

Place Value

1. Hundreds place

2. 45.67 = 40 + 5 + 0.6 + 0.07

3. Place value indicates the position of a digit in a number and its corresponding value.

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