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The Science of Personality Development

The document outlines a series of questions related to personality development theories, including definitions, theoretical explanations, and assessments of personality. It covers key figures such as Freud and Maslow, their theories, and the distinction between personality traits and disorders. Additionally, it addresses methods of assessing personality and the factors influencing personality disorders.

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Domenic Martelli
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The Science of Personality Development

The document outlines a series of questions related to personality development theories, including definitions, theoretical explanations, and assessments of personality. It covers key figures such as Freud and Maslow, their theories, and the distinction between personality traits and disorders. Additionally, it addresses methods of assessing personality and the factors influencing personality disorders.

Uploaded by

Domenic Martelli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE SCIENCE OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

Name: ___________________________________________________________ Date: ______________ Pd: ______

Directions: Use the article in the link below to answer the following questions.

https://lesley.edu/article/personality-development

1.​ How does Dr. John Kim of Lesley University define personality:

THEORETICAL EXPLANATIONS

2.​ TRUE OR FALSE: Science has created a specific formula that use data to explain how personalities form.

3.​ Identify the core idea of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory:

4.​ Identify the basic function of the following parts of the mind according to Freud:
a.​ Id:
b.​ Ego:
c.​ Superego:

5.​ Identify a disagreement between Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and Abraham Maslow in the 1950’s:

6.​ Identify a basic assumption according to Maslow’s humanistic theory:

7.​ According to Maslow’s humanistic theory, what are personalities based on?

8.​ One of Maslow’s key contributions was his theory concerning our HIERARCHY OF NEEDS. Click on “five
levels of need.” Use the pyramid diagram to determine which type of need would match the example:
a.​ Personal Security and Employment: ___________________
b.​ Self Respect and Freedom: ___________________
c.​ Friendship and Intimacy: ___________________
d.​ Air, water, food, shelter: _________________
e.​ A desire to become the best person you can be: __________________
9.​ In at least TWO COMPLETE SENTENCES define personality trait theory by Gordon Willard Allport:

10.​Use the drop down menus to read about the THREE general types of traits. Use this information to match each
example with the appropriate type of trait:
a.​ Rare traits that are very dominant, they influence almost every aspect of our behavior and personality:

b.​ These traits depend on context such as preference for certain foods:

c.​ Characteristics that define certain basic qualities, such as intelligence of shyness:

11.​What is a specific distinction that makes trait theory stand out compared to other personality theories?

12.​According to Albert Bandura social cognitive theory, how does personality formation occur?

13.​Read the section concerning real-world applications of four of the major personality theories in psychology.
Match each example with the correct theory:
a.​ This theory allows researchers to see a connection between characteristics, thoughts, feelings and
behaviors:
b.​ Therapists might look at early life events in order to better understand how to treat patients:
c.​ A view on the present in order to better understand how to help patients is central to this theory:
d.​ Focuses on social psychology and attempts to better understand how certain situations can result in
people showing inconsistencies in personality:

ASSESSING PERSONALITY

14.​When it comes to assessing personality, what are two types of evaluations doctors (clinicians) use?

15.​What do objective personality tests measure?

16.​Give an example of a common objective personality test:

17.​Describe the (answer to previous question) AND what it can be used to identify:

18.​Identify two professions that are often administered the MMPI-2 test?

19.​Concerning the previous question, why do you think professions are often required to take a personality test?
20.​Describe PROJECTIVE tests AND their purpose/function:

21.​Describe what is a Rorschach test AND how it is administered:

PERSONALITY DISORDERS

22.​Under what general circumstance is someone diagnosed with a personality disorder?

23.​How does the Mayo Clinic define personality disorder?

24.​In at least one complete sentence put the following quote by Dr. Kim in your own words: “It is very important
that we do not conflate personality disorders with what is simply personality. A personality disorder …
is profoundly disruptive to an individual’s daily life. ‘Profoundly disruptive’ is not the same thing as
simply being irritating.”:

25.​Use the drop down menus to read about the THREE clusters of personality disorders. Match each description
with the appropriate cluster:
a.​ This type of disorder features behavior and thinking that is extremely anxious and fearful such as
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD):
b.​ This type of disorder features behaviors that are eccentric/odd such as paranoid personality disorder:
c.​ This type of disorder features behaviors and thoughts that are extremely emotional and/or
unpredictable such as BPD (borderline personality disorder):

26.​According to the American Psychological Association, what are FOUR major factors that can have an influence
as to whether or not a person will develop a personality disorder?

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