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Techstream basics

The document provides detailed explanations and reference values for various engine parameters such as engine speed, load calculation, MAF, MAP, and others, including their normal operating ranges. It also outlines troubleshooting steps for issues related to MAF, MAP, accelerator position, injection volume, fuel pressure, and EGR systems. Key diagnostic indicators and their expected values are highlighted to assist in identifying potential problems in engine performance.

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Mono
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41 views

Techstream basics

The document provides detailed explanations and reference values for various engine parameters such as engine speed, load calculation, MAF, MAP, and others, including their normal operating ranges. It also outlines troubleshooting steps for issues related to MAF, MAP, accelerator position, injection volume, fuel pressure, and EGR systems. Key diagnostic indicators and their expected values are highlighted to assist in identifying potential problems in engine performance.

Uploaded by

Mono
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPLANATIONS & REFERENCE VALUES

Engine speed
Engine revolutions. Same as the instrument rev counter, only this reading is
digital.
Reference: Idle - around 750 RPM, WOT - 4600 RPM

Calculate load
Indication of the amount of load in terms of airflow generated by the engine
(not torque or horsepower) during idle, when towing, traveling uphill,
acceleration, etc. It is not measured by a dedicated sensor but rather
calculated using various parameters. The output is in percentage from the peak
airflow. The exact calculation varies by manufacturer, but it might include
readings from the MAF, MAP, engine speed, throttle position, or intake air temp
and pressure sensors.
Reference: Idle - around 16%, WOT - 95% and above (peak airflow)

MAF (Mass Airflow Sensor)


Measures the amount of air being sucked into the engine, just after the air
filter. The output is in grams per second.
Reference: 5-12 gm/sec (Idle)

Atmospheric pressure (abs)


The absolute atmospheric pressure in kiloPascals, measured at ground level.
Changes with outside temperature and altitude. Pressure drops by 1 kPa for
every 100m rise in altitude. The opposite for a drop in altitude.

MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure)


Pressure measured inside the manifold just before the EGR where the feed for
the sensor is located. The ECU uses these readings to determine EGR flow and
boost pressure among others. The output is in kiloPascals.
Reference: 95-105 kPa (Idle)

Initial intake air temp


Snapshot of the intake air temperature at the exact moment of engine start.
Measured by the sensor incorporated in the MAF meter.
Reference: Whatever the temp is at engine start.

Intake air temp


Temperature of the air past the air filter, measured by a sensor inside the MAF
meter. Output in degrees Celsius.

Intake air temp (turbo)


Temperature of the air entering the intake manifold (also intercooler air temp),
as measured by the sensor at the intercooler outlet. Not to be confused with
the intake air temp sensor housed inside the MAF, which is used for different
purposes.

Coolant temp
Actual coolant temperature with the engine running. The sensor is located just
above the water pump. The engine is considered warm when coolant temp is
upwards of 86°C.

Battery voltage
Voltage of either the battery or the charging system (alternator), depending on
whether the engine is running or not. Output in Volts.
Reference: Engine off - around 12 Volts (battery), Engine on - around 13.5 Volts
(charging)

Accelerator position
Position of the accelerator pedal, calculated in percentages.
Reference: Idle - 0%, WOT - just under 100%

Actual throttle position


Position of the throttle valve (butterfly) in the intake manifold. Aids in smooth
engine shut-off and the rate of EGR. Output in %.
Reference: Engine off - 0%, Idle - around 80% (open)

Injection volume
The total amount of fuel being injected into the cylinders. Output is in cubic
millimeters per stroke.
Reference: 5-12 mm3/st (Idle)

Fuel press (Fuel Pressure)


Actual common rail fuel pressure. Output in kiloPascals (gauge).
Reference: 30,000-40,000 kPag, with fluctuations of about 2000 kPa in either
direction considered normal.

EGR lift sensor volt %


Actual position of the EGR valve, as measured by the sensor on top of the
valve. Fully closed at full acceleration, fully open at throttle lift-off.
Reference: Fully closed - Around 15%, fully open - 80-86%

OUT OF RANGE TROUBLESHOOTING

MAF (Mass Airflow Sensor Issues)


An out-of-spec MAF reading might indicate either a dirty MAF or blocked EGR
flow. Usually accompanied by a P04XX for a blocked EGR or a P2008 fault code
for a dirty MAF. Use MAP readings and active tests within Techstream to
diagnose EGR problems.

MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure Issues)


Same as out-of-spec MAF readings, as they usually work hand in hand. In
addition, the MAP filter might be cracked or blocked. Clean, repair, or replace.

Accelerator position issues


Problems with the accelerator pedal (dead spots or sudden power loss) are best
diagnosed with the graph function within Techstream. If there are dead spots,
they will show up as sudden valleys approaching or equal to 0% when slowly
pressing down or releasing the pedal.
Injection volume & feedback values
Out-of-spec injection volume & feedback values can mean one or more of the
following:

 Blocked injector(s) (positive feedback value and low injection volume)

 Leaking injector seats, leaking valve stem seals, or cracked piston


(negative feedback value)

 Worn injector (negative feedback value)

Fuel pressure issues


A malfunctioning pressure limiter in the common rail, a faulty pressure sensor,
or a faulty suction control valve. Fluctuations of 2000 kPa (300 PSI) are
considered normal. If fluctuations reach 5000 kPa (800 PSI), replacing the
suction control valve may be necessary.

Target EGR position and EGR lift sensor volt %


These two values should be within 10-15% of each other during operation. If
not, problems can range from malfunctioning vacuum switching or regulating
valves, leaking vacuum hoses, a stuck or poorly moving EGR valve stem, or an
ECU fault. If the ECU detects no EGR flow, it will throw a P0400 code and close
the EGR valve.

Watch these values together with the MAF & MAP readings todiagnose EGR
problems. Keep in mind, if you idle the engine for more than 10 minutes, the
EGRvalve will also close automatically, but it won't be accompanied by a fault
code. Just restart theengine or drive it around the block to restore function. If
there is no EGR flow, it might be a goodidea to clean the EGR cooler (or heat
exchanger to some).EGR close learn statusIf this value is NG (=Not Good), it
usually means the EGR valve isn't seating properly (due to sooth) orthe
learning cycle hasn't completed yet after ECU reset. Clean the EGR valve seat if
dirty, or drivearound for more than 20 minutes.

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