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The document discusses various factors affecting climate and weather, including topography, ocean currents, latitude, altitude, and bodies of water. It explains geothermal energy generation through geothermal power plants and the processes involved in volcanic eruptions, including the types of volcanoes and their eruptions. Additionally, it highlights the relationship between volcanic activity and earthquakes, particularly in the context of the Philippines' location along the Ring of Fire.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
14 viewsScience 9 3rd quarter
The document discusses various factors affecting climate and weather, including topography, ocean currents, latitude, altitude, and bodies of water. It explains geothermal energy generation through geothermal power plants and the processes involved in volcanic eruptions, including the types of volcanoes and their eruptions. Additionally, it highlights the relationship between volcanic activity and earthquakes, particularly in the context of the Philippines' location along the Ring of Fire.
Uploaded by
davevalenzuela272830Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Factors Affecting Climate
Topography
Detailed mapping of features in a certain area.
Ocean Currrents
The different loops and gyres in water flowing in a certain
direction
Latitude
It is the distance (in degrees) to the NORTH and SOUTH from
the EQUATOR.
Its is an imaginary line that is parallel to the equator.
Altitude
It is the height above sea level.
Bodies of water
The apparent distance of a place from a body of water - Lava and ash may destroy roads. buildings, and infastracture
by burning. melting, and burying beneath layers of ash and lava.
- Eruption can cause mud flows that can destroy animal
habitat.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
DIFFERENTIATE WEATHER AND CLIMATE BASED ON THE DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT
AFFECT THEM
What is Weather?
It is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and
time.
What is Climate?
Is the genral pattern of weather in a certain area over a long
period of time,
Ecators Affecting Weather
Temperature
It is the degrees of hotness or coldness of a place.
Precipitation
It is the water falling from the atmosphere. in the forms of
rain, snow or hail.
Wind
It is the movement of air in the atmosphere.
Humidity
It is the amount of water vapour in the air.
Air Pressure
It is the force caused by the weight of air in the erath’s
surface. Geothermal Energy is the energy coming from the heat in the
interior of the earth. Area that has a active volcano has a higher
geothermal system.
How is the geothermal energy generated?
Geothermal energy is generated in two ways.
|. Geothermal Power Plant
It is where heat from within the earth changes water into steam
(water in the gas phase ), which turns steam turbines hat generate
electricity.
|. Wells are drilled deep into the earth to pump steam or hot
water to the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface the drop in pressure
causes the water to turn into steams.
3. The steam spins the turbine, which is a connected to a genertor
that produces electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam which it condenses back to
water.
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the earth begin to
process again.
Tiwi geothermal Power Plant in Tiwi, Albay
Mak-Ban ( Makiling Banahaw ) Geothermal Power Plant in Calvan.
Laguna
Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines
1. Calva, Laguna
2. Tongonan. Leyte
3. Bago City. Negros Occidental
4. Valencia . Negros Occidental
5. Baco, Sorsogon
|. Thermal energy from the inside the earth
Thermal Energy also called "Heat Energy’ is provided when a rise in
temperature causes atoms and molecules to move faster and collide
with each other.
2. Mechanical Energy in a turbine
3. Mechanical Energy of a generator
Mechanical Energy is the energy that is possessed by an object due
to its motion or due to its position.
4. Electrical Energy
Is a form of energy resulting from the flow of electricity charge. Procecs of Volcanic Cvepliony
- Magma is continously heated below the earth’s surface.
- As the magma is continously heated. it goes up
~ As magma rises, gas bubbles are develop developed
Pressure inside the volcano increases due to trapped bubbles within
it.
- When pressure exceeds the strength of overlying rocks, fracturing
occurs resulting in a further drop in pressure.
- Enchanced or even more gas bubbles are formed
- Magma is ejected out as lava
Vierocily of Wag
Viscosity is the property of the materials resistance to flow. It is
also described as the liquid thickness and stickiness.
Factor of Viscosity
1. Temperature of Magma
High temperature low/non viscous.
Low temperature high/more viscous.
2. Composition of magma
High silica content more viscous.
Low silica content less viscous.
3.Amount of gases contained in magma
More gases ( water vapor ) low viscous.
Less gases ( water vapor) more viscous.
Gecthounae Enevay
Have you ever been in a hot spring?
Have you ever wondered where the heat from the hotspring came
from?
The Philippines is 3¥ world production geothermal energy.
14.7 from geothermal energy
The production of geothermal energy is cheaper than the
electricity coal and hydro power
What is Geothermal energy?
Earth is believed to be extremely hot from within.
Geo - means * Earth *.
Therme ~ means “heat”.
Geothermal - means “Earth’s Heat”. page 5 Shield volcanoes are formed by the pite-u
Viscous lava that oozes out from the volcano, Since lava
can flow freely, a broad, slightly domed structure is
formed that resembles like a warrior’s shield. Mauna
Loa Volcano in Hawai is an example ofthis type.
Composite volcanoes are formed due to alternating
solidification of both lava and pyroclastic deposits which
make it nearly a perfect sloped structure. Pyroclastic
flows occur when these volcanoes erupt. Mount Saint
Helens in Washington, Mt. Vesuvius in Italy and Mt
Mayon in the Philippines are examples of this type.
Cinder cones are formed from alternating ejected lava
fragments and ash] They have a steep slope, wide
crater on top and are the most abundant of the three jor
volcano types. Although small, they are also destructive since
XN they release high amounts of pyroclastic materials. Mt. Paricutin
O77 ,\\ in Mexico which has erupted in 1943, Taal Volcano in Batangas
are examples of this type.
Types of Volcanic Eruptions
Volcanoes erupt differently and not all of them are violent. Magma may explode from
the vent, or it can flow out of the volcano. In addition to the top vent, magma and gas may
escape through cracks and weak areas on the sides of the volcano. Aside from lava,
pyroclastic flows, ash clouds and mudflows(lahar) can be extremely dangerous. The levels of
silica and dissolved gases in the magma determine whether a volcano erupts explosively or
not.
a. Phreatic or hydrothermal — is a steam-blast small eruption as <= SCS
hot rocks heat the ground water or surface water. This eruption
