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Policy implementation 2

Public Administration plays a crucial role in policy implementation, involving various actors such as the legislature, judiciary, and civil society organizations. Successful implementation requires clear understanding, coordination, and cooperation among administrators, while facing challenges like lack of resources, political support, and public involvement. Despite criticisms of bureaucracy, it remains essential for translating policies into actionable outcomes.

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12 views

Policy implementation 2

Public Administration plays a crucial role in policy implementation, involving various actors such as the legislature, judiciary, and civil society organizations. Successful implementation requires clear understanding, coordination, and cooperation among administrators, while facing challenges like lack of resources, political support, and public involvement. Despite criticisms of bureaucracy, it remains essential for translating policies into actionable outcomes.

Uploaded by

Kate.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POLICY IMPLEMENTATION (CONTINUED)…..

• Public Administration is a policy implementation organization.


• Many Actors- legislature, courts, pressure groups, community
organizations etc. help in the process of policy implementation-
these agencies perform day to day functions of the government and
affect the citizens directly through their actions.
• Administrative Agencies operate under a broad and ambiguous
statutory mandate- broader framework of law is provided to the
administrators- that leave them with much discretion to decide
what should be done and what should not be done.
• Lack of time, interest, information, expertise etc. on the part of
politicians laid to the rise of delegation of authorities to these
administrative agencies.
• Policy implementation is not an easy task. It needs the involvement
and cooperation of top administrators who perform more or less
similar functions. They are as follows:-
1. Administrator should clearly understand the nature and
significance of policies that the political masters or politicians
have to set. They are responsible for giving the advices in the
process of policy formation to achieve the desired objectives.
They also perform the function of mobilizing, organizing and
managing the resources that are necessary to carry out the
policies.
2. They should assist the policy makers to reduce if not avoid the
ambiguities in the particular policies and to advise them on the
importance of adopting the policies.
3. They should be able to translate the general policies and
objectives into practically operational targets. They must also do
analyses of the probable cost and benefit of each of the policy
alternative to achieve the proper implementation of policies by
adopting rational approach.
4. They should pay a special attention to the question of
coordination of policies and policy instruments. They should
analyze the policy in relation to other policies to see if any
inconsistencies exists and they should also examine whether
such policy complements or supplements other policies to
produce better results.

• Bureaucratic organizations are not without criticism. It is said that


they are burdened with excesses of red tapism, unresponsiveness,
hierarchies and rigid-rule frameworks but still they are important
because these agencies provide responses to the directions of
public policies.
• Even if administrative machinery is the primary implementer
legislative bodies are also involved in policy implementation.
Though their role is not very crucial, they affect the administrative
organizations in several ways. Parliamentary approval is required
for many top level administrative process and administrative
organizations are subjected to discretion and delegation within the
rigid framework of law provided by legislature.
• Judiciary also plays important role in policy implementations,
some laws are enforced through judicial actions. Courts interpret
the statutes and administrative decisions, rules and regulations and
judiciary also has the instrument of judicial review to nullify the
policies and laws violating the basic structure of the constitution.
• Political parties also try to influence both executive and
bureaucracy. They usually want to implement the policies which
are going with their ideology.
• Civil Society Organizations, NGOs etc. also help in the
enforcement of the policy implementation.

Hurdles in Policy Implementation-


The following factors make policy implementation more difficult-
1. The absence of adequate financial resources.
2. Minimal cooperation of bureaucracy in providing the data to
substantiate the findings.
3. Lack of political willingness, political support and political
intervention.
4. Government Agencies and pressure groups presenting
contradictory and conflicting data and try to rationalize their
own findings.
5. Lack of public involvement and public participation.
6. Lack of administrative will and motivation.
7. Poor coordination and cooperation.
8. Politicization of the issues.
9. Politics of appeasement.
10. Centralization of power and hierarchical bureaucratic structure.

Policy doesn’t implement itself. It needs somebody, some institution,


some mechanism to translate into reality. Policies must be proposed,
structured, funded, directed so that the implementation would be more
clear for policies to succeed clearly mentioned jurisdiction is required.
Policy makers have to be very precise and bureaucratic mechanisms
have to be very prompt.

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