EXAM 1: Deflection by using virtual work method

1. Which of the following structures would be suitable for any analysis using the unit load method?
a. Astatically indeterminate truss.
b. A steel frame with prismatic cross-section
c. A concrete arch bridge with temperature fluctuations.
d. A cable-stayed bridge subjected to wind load.
e. A shell structure with complex geometry.

2. Determine the vertical displacement of joint C of the steel truss shown below if ∑ 𝑛𝑁𝐿 = 370 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
and the cross-section area of each member is 𝐴 = 400𝑚𝑚2 and 𝐸 = 200 𝐺𝑃𝑎
a. 0.00463 m
b. 0.0463 m
c. 0.0061 m
d. 0.061 m
d. 0.346 m

3. For the frame shown, to determine the vertical displacement at point C using the method of virtual
work, the internal virtual moments in 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
will be
a. 𝑚𝐵𝐶 = −3𝑥 , 𝑚𝐴𝐵 = −1
b. 𝑚𝐵𝐶 = −𝑥 , 𝑚𝐴𝐵 = −1
c. 𝑚𝐵𝐶 = −3 , 𝑚𝐴𝐵 = −1𝑥
d. 𝑚𝐵𝐶 = −1 , 𝑚𝐴𝐵 = −𝑥
e. 𝑚𝐵𝐶 = −1𝑥 , 𝑚𝐴𝐵 = −3

4. For the cantilever beam shown below, EI=constant. The deflection at the free end equal to
a. 1/EI
b. 3/EI
c. 5/EI
d. 7/EI
e. 9/EI
5. Without calculation, which of the following cantilevers has the highest deflection in free end.

6. To calculate the horizontal displacement of joint D a unit ---------- should be applied at D

7. For the frame shown, the rotation at A equals

8. For the frame shown, the horizontal displacement at B equals

9. In calculation of ∆ − vertical displacement at joint D in the truss shown below, the vertical force in
member CF is:
a. -1/6
b. 1/6
c. -1
d. +1
e. Zero
10. Consider the truss shown in the figure below with a deflection of 0.54 mm at point A, if the applied
load of (5 KN) is replaced with a load of (1 KN), then the deflection at point A will be:
a. 1.08 mm
b. 1.62 mm
c. 0.27 mm
d. 0.18 mm
e. 0.108 mm

11. How many segment you need to solve this question to find the deflection at D by using virtual
method?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
e. 6

12. Two beams A and B are shown in the figure made of same material. The cross-section dimensions
of beam B are twice those of beam A. The deflection at free end of beam B to that of A will be
a. 6.25%
b. 14.25
c. 24.25%
d. 28.255
e. 45.25%

13. How many segments are required to determine the vertical deflection at point C using the virtual
work method?
a. one segment
b. Two segments
c. Three segments
d. Four segments
e. One segment to determine m and two segments to
determine M

14. The deflection of a simply supported beam with L=5 m, constant EI (𝑁. 𝑚2 ) and subjected to a
concentrated load of 10 KN at its center is approximately
a. 50000/EI
b. 75000/EI
c. 26000/EI
d. 30000/EI
e. 1000/EI
15. For the truss shown in figure below, the force N in the member AB and BC will be respectively ---
a. 0 and 0
b. –P cos60 and –P sin60
c. –P cos60 and 0
d. 0 and P sin60
e. –P and P

16. The deflection at point B for the truss shown in figure below 2.95 mm. Determine the deflection at
point B if the height increased from 2m to 6m? EI is
constant.
a. 5.9 mm
b. 8.85 mm
c. 7.38 mm
d. 1.48 mm
e. 0.98 mm

17. For the cantilever shown below and using virtual work, the slope at end B is -------, EI is constant
a. 54/EI
b. 58/EI
c. 64/EI
d. 68/EI
e. 108/EI

18. What are the virtual and real moment of BC used to determine the displacement at the rocker
support D due to the method of virtual work?
a. M=750x, m=10
b. M=600x, m=12
c. M=520x, m=6x
d. M=750x, m=6
e. M=750x, m=4x

19. By using principle of virtual work, determine the vertical displacement of joint B of the truss one
must apply.
a. Vertical virtual load at joint C
b. horizontal virtual load at joint B
c. Vertical virtual load at joint B
d. virtual moment at joint C
e. virtual moment at joint B
20. Carryover Moment at end B due to moment M applied at end A for the given propped cantilever
beam is ------
a. +M
b. –M
c. +M/2
d. –M/2
e. None of the above

21. How dose the virtual work method handle the effect of axial load in beam?
a. Axial load are ignored
b. Axial load are treated separately
c. Axial load are including in analysis
d. Axial load are assumed to be important in calculation steps
e. Axial load are assumed into bending moment

22. What is the value of (𝑢𝑆𝐿)=(𝑛𝑁𝐿) of the member AD, if the vertical deflection of B is required?
a. -26.66 KN^2.m
b. 0 KN^2.m
c. 26.66 KN^2.m
d. -52.083 KN^2.m
e. 52.083 KN^2.m

23. The truss structures can resist the following force

24. Consider a beam with a square cross section of width 35 cm and allowable deflection of 20 mm.
What is the expected value of the deflection if the width of the beam increased to be 45 cm?
a. 15.6 mm
b. 13.2 mm
c. 14.2 mm
d. 9.7 mm
e. 7.32 mm

25. A simply supported beam of 5 m span is subjected to a uniform loading of 2.0 KN/m. If the uniform
load is replaced with an equivalent mid-span concentrated force of 10 KN. Will the mid-span
deflection change?
a. Absolutely yes
b. Absolutely no
c. Possibly depend on material
d. Possibly depend on cross section
e. None of the above
26. If E=200 GPa, I=71.1x10^6 mm^4, then the displacement of point B of the steel cantilever beam is
a. 4.27 mm downwards
b. 8.54 mm downwards
c. 17.08 mm downwards
d. 8.54 mm upwards
e. 17.08 mm upwards

27. Find the virtual and real moment of CD used to determine the displacement at the rocker support D
due to the moment of virtual work. EI is constant
a. M=0, m=-x
b. M=6x, m=-2x
c. M=18x, m=6x
d. M=12, m=x
e. M=0, m=-4x

28. The maximum vertical deflection for the truss shown below is located at joint ……..
a. I
b. G
c. B
d. D
e. C

29. Which of the following is false for deflection of a point nearby a fixed support?
a. Displacement and slope is zero
b. Displacement as well as slope is non-zero
c. Displacement is zero
d. slope is zero
e. There is no deflection

30. By using the principle of virtual work method, what are m and M in (KN.m) values if EI is
constant?
a. M= (-30x), m= (-x)
b. M= (30x), m= (-x)
c. M= (30x), m= (x)
d. M= (-30x), m=(x)
e. M= (30), m= (-1)