HEALTH 9- 1ST QUARTER

COMMUNITY AND EVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

LESSON 1: THE CONCEPTS OF COMMUNITY AND

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

This is what you need to know:

According to the World Health Organization, Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well- being and
not just the absence of disease or infirmity. It lead to the ability to lead a sociallyand economically productive life.”
Community is defined as a sociological group in a large place sharing one environment. It therefore includes the individual and
the family.
Community Health is defined as the art and science of maintaining, protecting and improving the health of all the members of
the community through organized and sustained community efforts.
Environmental Health comprises those aspects of human health that are determined by physical, chemical, biological, social
and psychosocial factors in the surrounding environment.

According to the World Health Organization (2002), the

characteristics of a healthy community include:
1. A clean and safe physical environment
2. An environment that meets everyone’s basic needs
3. An environment that promotes social harmony and actively involves
everyone
4. An understanding of local health and environment issues
5. A community that participates in identifying local solutions to local
problems
6. A community whose members have access to varied experiences,
means of interaction and communication
7. Accessible and appropriate health services and facilities
8. The promotion and celebration of historical and cultural heritage
9. A diverse and innovative economy
10. A sustainable use of available resources for all

Primary Health Care Programs in the Community

Health Center Services Functions
Maternal Health Care Pre-natal, Natal, Post-natal
Child Health Care Immunizations, Control of
diarrheal diseases
Nutrition Program Operation Timbang, Food
Supplementation
Population and Family Planning Free Family planning
Program
diseases
Control of communicable Tuberculosis control program
diseases
Environmental Sanitation program Inspection of food
establishments
Control on non-communicable Blood Pressure screening

Dental Health Program Tooth Extraction

Reproductive Health Care Counseling on family planning
and RH
Medical Morbidity clinic Provision of free medicines
National Voluntary Blood Services Blood-letting activities at
barangay
Marchlevel
24, 2014
Epidemiology and SurveillanceControlling outbreaks like
program Dengue
Disaster Management Medical Services/assistance
preparedness Program during disaster
Mental Hygiene Adolescent counseling centers
Pharmacy Services Distribution of medicines to all
 health centers

Lesson 2— Community Health

Different perennial problems happen to the different regions of the country. They vary according to
factors like: economy, politics, geography, culture and social context. There are places which experience
community health problems like:
1. water-borne and communicable diseases
2. armed conflicts
3. natural disasters
4. highly urbanized zones
5. overpopulated areas

Here’s more for your memory bank!

1. Garbage refers to leftover vegetables, animal, fish and other food materials from the
kitchen and establishments.
2. Rubbish are waste materials such as bottles, broken glass, tin cans, waste papers,
discarded porcelain wares, pieces of metal and other wrapping materials.
3. Dead animals are lifeless dogs, cats, rats, pigs, chicken and other animals which die from
diseases or accidents.
4. Stable Manure includes animal wastes from barns, stables or the like.
5. Street Night soil consists of human waste,normally wrapped and thrown into sidewalks and streets. It
also includes human waste from the pail system.
6. Yard Cuttings are those leaves, branches, grass, and other similar materials made during cleaning of
gardens and typhoon aftermaths.

Waste Disposal is the proper disposal of a discarded or discharged

material in accordance with local environmental guidelines or laws.

Solid Waste Management refers to the discipline associated with the:

 control of generation
 storage collection
 transfer and transport
 processing
 disposal of solid waste

According to RA No. 9003, there are many ways to do Solid Waste Management. A highly
recommended formula is to adopt the 3Rs of Ecological Waste Management: REDUCE, REUSE, AND
RECYCLE

Lesson 3. Environmental Problems in the Philippines

1. Deforestation- is the destruction of big areas of forest.
2. Flash Flood- is a sudden flood of great volume, usually caused by a heavy rain.
3. Illegal Mining- is defined as the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from earth.
4. Soil Erosion- happens when soil and rock are moved from one place to another by wind, water, and gravity.
5. Oil Spill- the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment , especially marine areas, due to human
 activity.
6. Coral reef Degradation- the process by which coral reefs undergo decline in quality and function.

Lesson 4. Community Health Action Project

Implementation
Primary Health Care Protecting the
Environment

Framework for Community Health

Community Recycling

Community
Participation Protecting the environment from
 pollution
Community Health
Care Delivery  Water pollution and

Community Health sanitation
Promotion and Health  Land Pollution and
Education sanitation

Community Food  Noise Pollution
Gardens and Food  Air Pollution
Production  Oil Pollution
  Pesticides, heavy metals
Community Disaster and persistent organic
Preparedness pollutants
 Radiation

POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of water, air
and/or land resources

1. AIR POLLUTION means any ,alteration of the physical, chemicaland biological properties of the
atmospheric air
2. WATER POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical, biological, or radiological
properties of a body of water resulting in the impairment of its purity or quality.
3. NOISE POLLUTION is the excessive sound that causes hearing loss, stress, fatigue, irritability,
tension, headaches, and high blood pressure.
4. SOIL POLLUTION is chiefly caused by chemicals in pesticides, such as
poisons that are used to kill agricultural pests like insects and herbicides that
are used to get rid of weeds.
Soil pollution results from:
•Unhealthy methods of soil management.
•Harmful irrigation methods.