Shri Yashwantrao Bhonsale Education Society’s

YASHWANTRAO BHONSALE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(DTE CODE : 3470) (MSBTE Code : 1742)
Approved by AICTE, DTE & Affiliated to Mumbai University &MSBTE Mumbai
(NBA Accredited ME, CE, EE Diploma Programs)

Unit II Electrical Machines Marks - 12

S. N. MSBTE Board Asked Questions Marks

 What is Transformer?
a) Transformer is a device used to convert low alternating
voltage to a high alternating voltage
b) Transformer is a device used to convert alternating current
to direct current
c) Transformer is a device used to convert low alternating
current to a high alternating current
d) Transformers are used only for low alternating voltage

1 1M
Answer: a. Transformer is a device used to convert low
alternating voltage to a high alternating voltage

Explanation: A Transformer is a device used to convert low

alternating voltage to a high alternating voltage and vice versa.
Transformers are based on the phenomena of mutual induction.
A transformer consists of a soft iron coil with two coils wound
around it which are not connected to one another.

What is the function of a transformer?

2 a) Transformer is used to step down or up the AC voltages and 1M
currents
b) Transformer is used to step down or up the DC voltages and
currents
c) Transformer converts DC to AC voltages
d) Transformer converts AC to DC voltages

Answer: a. Transformer is used to step down or up the AC

voltages and currents
Explanation: A Transformer does not work on DC and operates
only on AC, therefore it Step up or Step down the level of AC
Voltage or Current, by keeping frequency of the supply
unaltered on the secondary side.
 What is the working principle of a Transformer?
a) Transformer works on the principle of self-induction
b) Transformer works on the principle of mutual induction
c) Transformer works on the principle of ampere law
d) Transformer works on the principle of coulomb law

3 1M
Answer: bTransformer works on the principle of mutual
induction
Explanation: A transformer is an electrical device used to vary
the input voltage. Transformer works on the principle of mutual
induction.
Transformer ratings are given in _____________
a) kVA
b) HP
c) kVAR
d) kW

4 1M

Answer: a. kVA

Explanation: There are two types of losses in a transformer,

Copper Losses and Iron Losses or Core Losses or Insulation
Losses. Copper losses (I2R) depends on current passing through
transformer winding while Iron losses or Core Losses or
Insulation Losses depends on Voltage. That’s why the rating of
Transformer is in kVA.
 What is the current transformer?
a) transformer used with an A.C. voltmeter
b) transformer used with an A.C. ammeter
c) transformer used with an D.C. voltmeter
d) transformer used with an D.C. ammeter
5
1M
Answer: b. transformer used with an A.C. ammeter
Explanation: A transformer used to extend the range of an A.C.
ammeter is known as a current transformer. A current
transformer is also abbreviated as C.T.

Transformer core is generally made of ___________

a) Cannot be determined
b) Can be made with any of the above method
c) By stacking large number of sheets together
d) Single block of core material

6 Answer: c. By stacking large number of sheets together 1M

Explanation: Transformer core experiences eddy current losses
when transformer is in the operations. In order to reduce eddy
current losses, it is advisable to use large number of sheets
laminated from each other are stick together than using one
single block.

The purpose of the transformer core is to provide ____________

a) Low reluctance path
b) High inductive path
1M
c) High capacitive path
7
d) High reluctance path
 Answer: a. Low reluctance path

Explanation: The purpose of a transformer core is to provide a

low-reluctance path for the magnetic flux linking primary and
secondary windings. In doing so, the core experiences iron
losses due to hysteresis and eddy currents flowing within it
which, in turn, show themselves as heating of the core material.

Transformers are generally designed for ___________

a) one-time use
b) off-site problem solving
c) short-time use
d) on-site problem solving

Answer: d. on-site problem solving 1M

8
Explanation: Every transformer is designed for use it for
multiple years, thus transformers are designed to handle the
problems on site itself because it not only saves time but also
makes repairing work easy.

Primary winding of a transformer ______________

a) Could either be a low voltage or high voltage winding
b) Is always a high voltage winding
c) Cannot be determined
d) Is always a low voltage winding

Answer: a. Could either be a low voltage or high voltage winding

1M
9
Explanation: Primary winding used in a transformer, can be at
higher or lower voltage potential, depending on the number of
turns with secondary winding. For step up and step-down
transformers primary winding will be at lower and higher
potential respectively.
 An ideal transformer will have maximum efficiency at a load
such that _____________
a) copper loss > iron loss
b) cannot be determined
c) copper loss = iron loss
d) copper loss < iron loss
10
1M
Answer: c. copper loss = iron loss
Explanation: Maximum efficiency of a transformer is defined at
that value when copper losses become completely equal to the
iron losses. In all other cases the efficiency will be lower than
the maximum value.

Power transformers are designed to have maximum efficiency

at
a) Full load
b) 50% load
c) 80% load
d) No load 1M
11
Answer: - a) Full load
Explanation: Power transformers are operated on full load
hence power transformers are designed to have maximum
efficiency at full load.
Transformer core are laminated in order to
a) Reduce hysteresis loss
b) Reduce hysteresis & eddy current loss
c) Minimize eddy current loss
d) Copper loss
1M
12 Answer: - a) Reduce hysteresis loss
Explanation:The iron core of a transformer is laminated to
reduce eddy currents. Eddy currents are the small currents that
result from the changing magnetic field ...

Breather is provided in a transformer to

a) Absorb moisture of air during breathing 1M
13 b) Provide cold air in the transformer
c) The filter of transformer oil
d) None of above
Answer: - a) Absorb moisture of air during breathing
Explanation: The breather is used in the transformer to filter out
the moisture from the air.
The leakage flux in a transformer depends upon the value of

a) Frequency

b) Mutual Flux

c) Load current

d) Applied Voltage 1M
14
Answer: -c) Load current

Explanation: The leakage flux depends on load current,

independent of voltage, frequency, and power factor.

In a transformer ideally the resistance between its primary and

secondary is
a) Zero
b) Infinite
c) 1000 ohm
d) 100 ohm
Answer: - b) Infinite 1M
15
Explanation: An ideal transformer should have infinite
resistance between the primary and secondary winding.
However, the resistance may be in order of Gega ohms or Tera
Ohms depending on the insulation between the primary and
secondary winding.
Which winding in a transformer has more number of turns?
(A) Secondary winding
(B) Primary winding
1M
16 (C) High voltage winding
(D) Low voltage winding
 Answer: - C. High voltage winding
Explanation: High voltage winding always has a large number of
turns, as voltage is directly proportional to the number of turns.
An autotransformer can be used as
(A) Step up device
(B) Step down device
(C) Both step up and step down
(D) None of the above
Answer: - C Both step up and step down
Explanation: An autotransformer can be both a step-up and 1M
17
step-down transformer. It is a type of transformer that has a
single winding that is shared by both the primary and secondary
circuits. This means that the autotransformer can be used to
either increase or decrease the voltage, depending on how the
windings are connected.
In an Auto Transformer, The Primary and Secondary are_______
Coupled
(A) Electrically only
(B) Magnetically only
(C) Both electrically & magnetically
(D) None of the above
Answer: -C Both electrically & magnetically 1M
18

Explanation: An auto transformer is a one winding (or) single

circuit transformer, in which a portion of the winding is
common for both high voltage and low voltage winding. And this
entire winding will be placed on a single magnetic core
Which of the following are applications of Auto-transformer?

(A) Used as switch

(B) Used as Variac
1M
19 (C) Used for voltage correction
(D) All of the above
Answer: - D. All of the above
 Explanation: Autotransformer is used as switch, it is used for
voltage correction.
Which of the following is the major disadvantage of
Autotransformer?
(A) No primary and secondary wire isolation
(B) Insulation failure of primary winding may damage the whole
autotransformer
(C) Individual earthing of winding is not possible
(D) All of the above
1M
Answer: - D All of the above
20
Explanation: The main disadvantage of the autotransformer is
that it does not have electrical isolation between primary and
secondary windings. If primary winding may damage the whole
autotransformer may fail. ) Individual earthing of winding is not
possible
The size of the transformer core mainly depends on
(A) Frequency
(B) Area of core
(C) Flux density of core
(D) Both frequency and area of core
Answer: - D. Both frequency and area of core
1M
21
Explanation:For a given transformer rating, as the frequency
increases the product of window area and cross sectional area
of the limb decreases; which means the iron required for the
core decreases. Therefore as the frequency increases, the
transformer becomes lighter and smaller in size.
Auto-transformer makes effective saving on copper and copper
losses, when its transformation ratio is
a) Approximately equal to one
b) Less than one
1M
c) Great than one
23
d) Cannot be found
 Answer: a. Approximately equal to one

Explanation: Copper In auto transformer /copper in two-

winding transformer = 1- T2/T1. This means that an auto
transformer requires the use of lesser quantity of copper given
by the ratio of turns. Hence, if the transformation ratio is
approximately equal to one, then the copper saving is good and
the copper loss is less.

Auto-transformer makes effective saving on copper and copper

losses, when its transformation ratio is
a) Approximately equal to one
b) Less than one
c) Great than one
d) Cannot be found

Answer: a. Approximately equal to one 1M

24 Explanation: Copper In auto transformer /copper in two-

winding transformer = 1- T2/T1. This means that an auto
transformer requires the use of lesser quantity of copper given
by the ratio of turns. Hence, if the transformation ratio is
approximately equal to one, then the copper saving is good and
the copper loss is less.

Total windings present in a autotransformer are __________

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

1M
25
Answer: a. 1
Explanation: Autotransformer is the special transformer for
which the single winding acts as a primary and secondary both.
Thus, by taking the appropriate winding into consideration a
 variable secondary voltage is obtained.

What are the modes in which power can be transferred in an

autotransformer?
a) Conduction
b) Induction
c) Conduction and Induction
d) Cannot be said

Answer: c. Conduction and Induction 1M

Explanation: In two winding transformer there is no electrical
26 connection between primary and secondary. So, the power is
transferred through induction. But in auto-transformer there is
a common electrical path between primary and secondary. So,
power is transferred through both conduction and induction
processes.

What will happen if DC shunt motor is connected across AC

supply?
a) Will run at normal speed
b) Will not run
c) Will Run at lower speed
d) Burn due to heat produced in the field winding

1M
Answer: d Burn due to heat produced in the field winding
27

Explanation: In case of parallel field connection, it won’t rotate

at all and will start humming and will create vibrations, as a
torque produced by positive and negative cycle will cancel out
each other. DC motor will be heated up and it may burn.

What will happen if the back emf of a DC motor vanishes

suddenly?
1M
a) The motor will stop
 b) The motor will continue to run
c) The armature may burn
d) The motor will run noisy
28

Answer: c. The armature may burn

Explanation: If back emf vanishes suddenly, motor circuit will

try to retain back emf by drawing more current from supply. If
supplying unit didn’t trip down by this time, excess current in
armature may heat up the armature.

What will happen, with the increase in speed of a DC motor?

a) Back emf increase but line current falls.
b) Back emf falls and line current increase.
c) Both back emf as well as line current increase.
d) Both back emf as well as line current fall.

Answer: a. Back emf increase but line current falls. 1M

Explanation: In case of DC motor, the speed is proportional to
29 the back emf (Ea ∝ N). So, with the increase in speed, the back
emf also increases. Therefore, armature current is also
decreased, in case of series motor, armature current is equal to
the line or load current.

Which part will surely tell that given motor is DC motor and not
an AC type?
a) Winding
b) Shaft
c) Commutator
d) Stator 1M

30
Answer: c. Commutator

Explanation: All other parts except brushes and commutator

 are same in AC machine when outer looks are only taken in
consideration. Commutator is used only in DC machine for
providing mechanical rectification and not in AC machine.

Direction of rotation of motor is determined by ____________

a) Faraday’s law
b) Lenz’s law
c) Coulomb’s law
d) Fleming’s left-hand rule

Answer: d. Fleming’s left-hand rule

1M

Explanation: Flemings laws can be summarized as whenever, a

31
current carrying conductor comes under a magnetic field, there
will be a force acting on the conductor and on the other hand, if
a conductor is forcefully brought under a magnetic field, there
will be an induced current in that conductor.

The current drawn by the armature of DC motor is directly

proportional to ________________
a) Torque
b) Speed
c) The voltage across the terminals
d) Cannot be determined

1M
Answer: a. Torque
32

Explanation: From the equation of torque generated in a DC

machine, we know that in both DC motor and DC generator,
current drawn is directly proportional to the torque required by
the machine.

Which power is mentioned on a name plate of a motor?

a) Gross power
1M
b) Power drawn in kVA
 c) Power drawn in kW

33 d) Output power available at the shaft

Answer: d. Output power available at the shaft

Explanation: Name plate of the motor shows rated values i.e.

rated speed, rated current, rated voltage. It also shows output
power available at shaft when all other quantities are set to
rated values.

Which of the following quantity will decrease if supply voltage

is increased?
a) Starting torque
b) Operating speed
c) Full-load current
d) Cannot be determined
1M
Answer: c. Full-load current
34 Explanation: When supply voltage is increased full load current
will decrease in order to keep output power constant, which will
decrease torque at that moment, while starting torque will
remain as it is, irrespective of any change in supply voltage.

The main parts of d.c. motor

(a) Yoke

(b) Armature core

(c) Commentator

(d) Brush 1M

(e) All of the above

35
Answer: - (e) All of the above

Explanation: The main components are: a stator, a rotor, a yoke,

poles, armature windings, field windings, commutator, and
 brushes.

Application of Universal Motor

(a) Robotics

(b) Textile industries

(c) Mixer

(d) Automotive

Answer :- (c) Mixer

Explanation: The Universal motor is used for purposes where

36
speed control and high values of speed are necessary. The
various applications of the Universal Motor are as follows:

 Portable drill machines.

 Used in hairdryers, grinders, and table fans.

 A universal motor is also used in blowers, polishers, and kitchen

appliances.

Where is field winding mounted in a DC machine?

a) Stator
b) Rotor
c) Absent
d) Anywhere on stator or rotor
Answer: a. Stator 1M

37
Explanation: The field winding (concentrated type) is mounted
on salient-poles on the stator and the armature winding
(distributed type) is wound in slots on a cylindrical rotor.

What are the materials used for brushes in dc machines?

a) Iron
b) Carbon
1M
c) Aluminum
d) Steel
38

Answer: b. Carbon
Explanation: On some extent carbon brush can act as a self-
lubricating brush. On moment, polishes the commutator
segments. Damage to the commutators is less when copper
brushes are used on occurrence of sparkover.

Function of yoke is to provide the return path for magnetic flux.

a) True
b) false

Answer: a) True
1M
39 Explanation: The function of yoke is that it protects the entire
machine from dust and dirt. It also provides mechanical support
for the magnetic poles. It acts as the return path for the
magnetic flux.

Which of the following part is used in construction of DC

machine but not in AC machine?
a) Armature Winding
b) Field winding
c) Commutator
d) Shaft
1M
40
Answer: c. Commutator
Explanation: Commutator is used in mechanical rectification
process, to convert induced AC to output DC. In AC machine, we
don’t need rectification process.

In normal dc machines operating at full-load conditions, the

most powerful electromagnet is _________
a) Field winding
b) Interpole Winding 1M
c) Interpole and compensating winding together
d) Armature winding
41

Answer: a) Field winding

Explanation: Electromagnet is more powerful when its MMF is
high. At full-load condition, field winding contains maximum
ampere turns, hence it is most powerful electromagnet in a DC
machine.

Which of the following d.c. motor has highest speed at no-load

condition?

A. Cumulative compound motor

B. Shunt motor
C. Differentially compound motor
D. series motor
1M
Answer: D. series motor

42 Explanation: At no load, armature current tends to zero, flux φ

tends to zero, where speed is inversely proportional to the flux,
and speed will tend to infinity. Thus, no load speed of DC series
motor is highest.

Following diagram represents the equivalent circuit of

1M

43
A. Long shunt compound wound motor
B. Short shunt compound wound motor
C. Separately excited d.c. motor
 D. Shunt wound d.c. motor
Answer: C. Separately excited d.c. motor

Explanation: A separate power supply is provided to field in

separately excited d.c. motor.

Differentially compound DC motors are used in applications

requiring _______
a) High starting torque
b) Low starting torque
c) Variable speed
d) Frequent on-off cycles

44 1M
Answer: b. Low starting torque
Explanation: Compound motor shows combine effect of shunt
and series field windings. Differential compound series motor
gives low starting torque, examined by torque current
characteristic. Hence, applications with low starting torque are
called in differentially compound DC motor.

A universal motor is one which

A. Is available universally
B. Can be marketed internationally
C. Can be operated either on dc or ac supply
D. Runs at dangerously high speed on no-load
1M
Answer: C. Can be operated either on dc or ac supply
45
Explanation: Universal Motor is a special type of motor that can
run on a DC supply or a single-phase AC supply. Since it can run
both on AC and DC, it is called a universal motor.

Speed of the universal motor is

A. Dependent on frequency of supply

B. Proportional to frequency of supply 1M
46 C. Independent of frequency of supply
D. None of the above
 Answer: C. Independent on frequency of supply

Explanation: Brushed universal motors are largely independent

of AC frequency,

Which of the following motor can be referred as a universal

motor?
a) DC shunt motor
b) DC compound motor
c) Permanent magnet motor
d) DC series motor

1M

47 Answer: d DC series motor

Explanation: DC series motor can operate on DC and AC. It is a
universal motor. Universal motors are those motors that can
operate on both DC and AC. DC shunt motor can only operate on
DC because of pulsating torque in AC.

Universal motor have which of the following application?

A. Domestic pump.
B. Food mixer.
C. Traction.
D. Lift.

Answer: B. Food mixer.

Explanation: Out of the given options, a food mixer is a common
application for a universal motor. Food mixers typically require 1M
a motor that can operate on both AC and DC power, allowing for
48
versatile use in different settings. The universal motor’s ability
to operate on both AC and DC power makes it suitable for
powering food mixers, where the user may switch between AC
and DC power sources.

While domestic pumps, traction systems, and lifts can use

electric motors, they often require specific types of motors that
 are tailored to their specific requirements, such as induction
motors, synchronous motors, or specialized DC motors.
Universal motor is used in vacuum cleaners, table fans and
portable drilling machine.
a) True
b) False

1M
Answer: a. True
49
Explanation: The universal motor is dc series motor with ac
supply with smaller torque. So it can be used for lower torque
applications.

The rotor of a stepper motor has no

a) Windings
b) Commutator
c) Brushes
d) All of the mentioned

1M
50 Answer: d. All of the mentioned
Explanation: A stepper motor has a cylindrical permanent
magnet rotor. Thus it does not contain windings, commutator or
brushes mounted on it.

A stepping motor is a_____________ device.

a) Mechanical
b) Electrical
c) Analogue
d) Incremental

1M
Answer: d) Incremental
51
Explanation: A stepping motor is a motor in which the motion is
in the form of steps and is an incremental device in which as the
time increases the steps are increased.

The rotational speed of a given stepper motor is determined

solely by the 1M
 a) Shaft load
b) Step pulse frequency
c) Polarity of stator current
52
d) Magnitude of stator current.

Answer: b. Step pulse frequency

Explanation: The stator part of a motor is the stationary part of
the motor and rotational speed of a given stepper motor is given
by the step pulse frequency.

A stepper motor may be considered as a ____________ converter.

a) Dc to dc
b) Ac to ac
c) Dc to ac
d) Digital-to-analogue

1M
Answer: d. Digital-to-analogue
53
Explanation: A stepper motor is a motor in which the motion is
in steps and it is an increemental device and may be considered
as a digital to analog converter.

Which type of motor uses brushes and a commutator?

a) DC motor
b) AC motor
c) Induction motor
d) Synchronous motor
1M
Answer: a) DC motor
54
Explanation: DC motors use brushes and a commutator to
achieve the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical
energy.

Which type of motor does not require a separate power source

for the rotor? 1M
 a) Synchronous motor
b) Induction motor
c) Brushless DC motor
55 d) Universal motor

Answer: b) Induction motor

Explanation: In an induction motor, the rotor is powered by

electromagnetic induction from the stator, eliminating the need
for a separate power source.

What is the primary function of the stator in an electric motor?

a) To provide mechanical support

b) To generate a rotating magnetic field
c) To convert electrical energy into mechanical energy
d) To regulate the motor’s speed
1M
Answer: b) To generate a rotating magnetic field

56 Explanation: The stator carries the windings that create a

rotating magnetic field, which interacts with the rotor to
produce motion in an electric motor.

Which type of motor is commonly used in household appliances

like refrigerators and air conditioners?

a) Single-phase induction motor

b) Synchronous motor
c) Brushless DC motor
d) Universal motor 1M

57
Answer: a) Single-phase induction motor

Explanation: Single-phase induction motors are widely used in

household appliances due to their simplicity, low cost, and
reliable performance.
 What determines the speed of a DC motor?

a) Number of poles
b) Applied voltage
c) Armature resistance
d) Back EMF
58 1M
Answer: d) Back EMF

Explanation: The speed of a DC motor is determined by the back

electromotive force (EMF) generated in the armature coil, which
opposes the applied voltage.

Which type of motor provides the highest starting torque?

a) DC series motor
b) DC shunt motor
c) AC induction motor
d) Brushless DC motor
1M
59
Answer: a) DC series motor

Explanation: DC series motors provide high starting torque due

to their characteristic of high armature current and strong field
interaction.

Which motor is suitable for applications requiring variable

speed control?

a) DC motor
b) AC motor
c) Stepper motor
1M
d) Synchronous motor
60
Answer: a) DC motor

Explanation: DC motors are suitable for variable speed

control applications as their speed can be easily adjusted by
 controlling the input voltage or current.

Which motor is commonly used in ceiling fans?

a) Single-phase induction motor

b) Synchronous motor
c) Brushless DC motor
d) Universal motor 1M

61
Answer: a) Single-phase induction motor

Explanation: Ceiling fans typically use single-phase induction

motors due to their cost-effectiveness and reliable performance.

Which type of motor is used in robotics and precision control

applications?

a) Stepper motor
b) AC induction motor
c) Synchronous motor
d) Brushless DC motor 1M
62
Answer: a) Stepper motor

Explanation: Stepper motors are commonly used in robotics

and precision control applications due to their ability to move in
discrete steps and hold position without the need for feedback.

Which motor is commonly used in electric pumps?

a) Single-phase induction motor

b) Synchronous motor
c) Brushless DC motor
d) Universal motor 1M

Answer: a) Single-phase induction motor

63

Explanation: Electric pumps often use single-phase induction

motors due to their reliability and ability to operate on single-
 phase power supply.

Which motor type is suitable for high-speed applications?

a) Brushless DC motor
b) DC series motor
c) Induction motor
d) Universal motor
1M

64 Answer: a) Brushless DC motor

Explanation: Brushless DC motors are suitable for high-speed

applications due to their ability to operate at high rotational
speeds and provide precise speed control.

Which motor type is commonly used in household washing

machines?

a) Universal motor
b) Induction motor
c) Brushless DC motor
d) Stepper motor 1M

Answer: b) Induction motor

65

Explanation: Household washing machines typically use

induction motors due to their reliability, low cost, and ability to
handle variable loads.

Which motor type is commonly used in robotic vacuum

cleaners?

a) Brushless DC motor
b) DC series motor
1M
c) Induction motor
d) Stepper motor
66
Answer: d) Stepper motor
 Explanation: Robotic vacuum cleaners often use stepper motors
for precise control of movement and positioning.

What is the primary disadvantage of a universal motor?

a) Limited speed range

b) Lower efficiency
c) Larger size
d) Complex control circuitry
1M
Answer: b) Lower efficiency

Explanation: Universal motors have lower efficiency compared

67
to other motor types due to the energy losses associated with
their universal commutator.

Which motor type is commonly used in electric fans?

a) Synchronous motor
b) DC shunt motor
c) Induction motor
d) Universal motor
1M
Answer: a) Synchronous motor
68
Explanation: Electric fans often use synchronous motors due to
their ability to operate at a constant speed and maintain
synchronization with the power supply frequency.

Which motor type is commonly used in CNC machines and 3D

printers?

a) Stepper motor
b) DC shunt motor
1M
c) Synchronous motor
69 d) Brushless DC motor

Answer: a) Stepper motor

 Explanation: CNC machines and 3D printers often use stepper
motors due to their precise positioning capabilities and ease of
control.

What is the primary disadvantage of a stepper motor?

a) Limited speed range

b) Higher cost
c) Larger size
d) Complex control circuitry
1M
70
Answer: a) Limited speed range

Explanation: Stepper motors have a limited speed range

compared to other motor types, which can be a disadvantage in
certain high-speed applications.

Which motor type is commonly used in electric bicycles?

a) Brushless DC motor
b) DC series motor
c) Induction motor
d) Universal motor
1M
Answer: a) Brushless DC motor
71
Explanation: Electric bicycles often use brushless DC motors
due to their high efficiency, compact size, and ability to provide
assistance at various speeds.

Which motor type is commonly used in electric drills and power

tools?

a) Universal motor
b) Synchronous motor 1M

c) Induction motor
72
d) Brushless DC motor
 Answer: a) Universal motor

Explanation: Electric drills and power tools often use universal

motors due to their high power-to-weight ratio and ability to
operate on both AC and DC power sources

Which motor type is commonly used in electric cars?

a) Brushless DC motor
b) Synchronous motor
c) Induction motor
d) Universal motor
1M
Answer: a) Brushless DC motor

Explanation: Electric cars often use brushless DC motors due to

73
their high efficiency, compact size, and ability to provide high
torque at various speeds.

Which motor type is commonly used in dishwashers and

washing machines?

a) Universal motor
b) Synchronous motor
c) Induction motor
d) Brushless DC motor 1M

Answer: c) Induction motor

74

Explanation: Dishwashers and washing machines commonly

use induction motors for their reliability, low maintenance, and
ability to handle variable loads.
Differentially compound DC motors are used in applications
requiring _______
a) High starting torque
b) Low starting torque 1M
c) Variable speed
d) Frequent on-off cycles
75

Answer: b. Low starting torque

Explanation: Compound motor shows combine effect of shunt
and series field windings. Differential compound series motor
gives low starting torque, examined by torque current
characteristic. Hence, applications with low starting torque are
called in differentially compound DC motor.

Which DC motor is more preferred for elevators?

a) Shunt motor
b) Series motor
c) Differential compound motor
d) Cumulative compound motor

Answer: d. Cumulative compound motor

76
Explanation: Cumulative wound DC motors give high starting 1M
torque like a series motor and reasonable good speed
regulation at high speeds like a shunt dc motor. As this type of
motor offers the best of both series and shunt motor, it is
practically suitable for most common applications like
elevators.

Which DC motor has got maximum self-loading property?

a) Series motor
b) Shunt motor
c) Cumulative compound motor
d) Differential compound motor
77
1M
Answer: d. Differential compound motor

Explanation: A differentially compound DC motor, flux reduces

so sharply at small increase in load at higher values of load. It is
advisable that motor should not be used beyond some load
 value, as it may damage itself by self-loading.

For the same H.P. rating and full load speed, which of the
following motor has poor starting torque?
a) Series motor
b) Shunt motor
c) Cumulative compound motor
d) Differential compound motor

78
Answer: d. Differential compound motor 1M

Explanation: In differential compound motor, series field

opposes shunt field. It has poor starting torque as the resultant
flux is minimized by this opposition. The flux starts decreasing
with increase in load. The decrease in flux cause the starting
torque to be less than any other DC motor.

DC motor is to a drive a load which is almost zero for certain

part of the load cycle and peak value for short duration. We will
select __________
a) Series motor
b) Shunt motor
c) Compound motor
d) Any DC motors
79
1M
Answer: c. Compound motor

Explanation: We can’t use series motor as our load is almost

zero at some points. Thus, we’ll use compound motor which can
work on no load also. Cumulative compound motor is provided
with flywheel so that this machine can deal with peak value.

The direction of rotation of universal motor can be reversed the

by reversing the flow of current through
1M
a) Armature winding
 b) Field winding
c) Either armature winding or field winding
d) None of the above
80
Answer: c. Either armature winding or field winding
Explanation: The direction of rotation of universal motor can be
reversed the by reversing the flow of current through Either
armature winding or field winding

Universal motor is used in vacuum cleaners, table fans and

portable drilling machine.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a. True 1M
81 Explanation: The universal motor is dc series motor with ac
supply with smaller torque. So it can be used for lower torque
applications.

_______ Generator is used in arc welding purposes.

a) Differential compound dc
b) Dc series
c) Cumulative compounded dc
d) Shunt

Answer: a. Differential compound dc 1M

82 Explanation: The external characteristics of the differentially
compound generator have minimum voltage for the high
current voltages. This is best harnessed feature for a high
current requirement by the welding application.

Which value of the flux is involved in the EMF equation of

83 transformer
1M
a) Average value
 b) R.M.S. Value
c) Critical value
d) Maximum value
Answer: Maximum value
Explanation: The instantaneous value of the flux is constantly
changing, and is not a useful value to consider for the e.m.f.
equation of a transformer. Therefore, the value of flux involved
in the e.m.f. equation of a transformer is the maximum value.
What criteria’s are necessary to consider when selecting a
stepper motor?
a)Mechanical Motion.
b) Inertial Load
c) Speed Requirements
84 d) All of the above
1M

Answer: d. All of the above

Explanation: The key performance specifications for sourcing a
stepper motor are voltage, speed, torque, rotor inertia and step
angle.
Which of the following motor rotates in discrete angular steps?

a) Servo motor
b) DC motor
c) Stepper motor
d) Linear Induction Motor (LIM)
Answer: c. Stepper motor
85
1M
Explanation: A stepper motor is a brushless DC electric motor
whose rotor rotates in discrete angular increments when its
stator winding energized in a programmed manner. They have
multiple coils that are organized in groups called phases. By
energizing each phase in sequence, the motor will rotate, one
step at a time.

Which type of device is a stepper motor?

86
a) Electromechanical 1M
 b) Electrochemical
c) Embedded system
d) Electromagnetic
Answer: a. Electromechanical

Explanation: A stepper motor is an electromagnetic device

which converts the electrical pulses into discrete mechanical
movements. The shaft of the electrical motor.
Stepper motors are extremely reliable.
a) True
b) False

87 Answer: a. True
1M
Explanation: There are no contact brushes in the motor,
therefore, the Stepper motors are extremely reliable. The life of
the motor depends only upon the life of the bearings. Wide
ranges of rotational speed are possible.

Which among the following is not the type of a stepper motor?

a) Variable reluctance
b) Permanent magnet
c) Hybrid
d) Variable magnet

88 Answer: d. Variable magnet

1M
Explanation: Variable magnet is not the type of a stepper motor.
Variable reluctance stepper motor consists of a soft iron multi-
toothed rotor and a wound stator. Permanent magnet stepper
motors have a rotor made up of the permanent magnet. Hybrid
stepper motor provides better performance with respect to step
resolution, torque and speed.
A stepper motor is a bad choice whenever control movement is
required.
89
a) True 1M
b) False
 Answer: b. False
Explanation: A stepper motor is a good choice whenever control
movement is required. They can be used in the applications
where there is a need to control rotation angle, speed, position
and synchronism. Due to all these reasons, stepper motors are
used in many different applications.

Which type of stepper motors have low cost and low-resolution

motor?
a) Permanent magnet stepper motor
b) Variable reluctance stepper motor
c) Hybrid stepper motor
d) DC motor
90
1M
Answer: a. Permanent magnet stepper motor
Explanation: The permanent magnet stepper motor has low
cost and low-resolution type motor with the step angle of 7.5%
to 15%. This type of stepper motor has a rotor made up of the
permanent magnet. The other motors mentioned in the option
do not have low cost as well as low redundancy.

Which of the following is not the main selection criterion of a

stepper motor?
a) Resolution required
b) Drive mechanism component required
c) Torque required
d) Speed
91
1M
Answer: d. Speed
Explanation: Speed is not the main selection criteria of a
stepper motor. The selection criteria of a stepper motor
include resolution required, drive mechanism component,
operating pattern required such as sequencing, accelerationetc.
and torque required
 What is the formula to calculate the step angle of a stepper
motor?
a) (360*ph.)/nph
b) (ph/nph)
c) (nph/ph)
d) (360*nph)/ph

92
Answer: a. (360*ph.)/nph 1M

Explanation: The step angle is given by (360*ph)/nph where

‘nph’ is the number of equivalent poles per phase or number of
rotor poles, ‘ ph ‘ is the number of phases and ‘ n ‘ is the total
number of poles in all phases.

In a DC series motor, if the armature current is halved, the

torque of the motor will be equal to
a) 100% of the previous value
b) 50% of the previous value
c) 25% of the previous value
d) 10% of the previous value
93
1M
Answer: c 25% of the previous value
Explanation: Torque in the case of linear magnetization of DC
series motor is directly proportional to square of the armature
current. So, armature current is made 1/2th of the original
value, then torque will be 1/4th of the original value.

The slot edges in a DC machine are made of

(A) mild steel
94 (B) silicon steel
1M
(C) fibre
(D) cast iron
 Answer: D cast iron
Explanation: The outer frame of a dc machine is called as yoke.
It is made up of cast iron or steel. It not only provides
mechanical strength to the whole assembly but also carries the
magnetic flux produced by the field winding.
In a shunt dc machine, the armature and field winding
resistance are respectively
(A) of higher values
(B) of lower values
95 (C) high and low
1M
(D) low and high
Answer: D low and high
Explanation: In DC shunt machine the armature resistance is
low and field winding resistance is high.
The principle of dynamically induced emf is utilized in
(A) generator
(B) transformer
(C) thermocouple
96
(D) choke 1M
Answer: A Generator
Explanation: An electric generator works on the principle
of electromagnetic induction.
In a transformer, the winding is tapped in the middle
(A) to avoid the radial forces on the windings
(B) to reduce the insulation level of the windings
(C) to provide a mechanical balance to the windings
97
(D) to eliminate the axial forces on the windings 1M
Answer: D to eliminate the axial forces on the windings
Explanation: In a transformer, the winding is tapped in the
middle for voltage regulation and eliminate axial forces
What is the working principle of DC motor?
a) Fleming’s right hand rule
98
b) Fleming’s left hand rule 1M
c) Maxwell’s second law
 d) Maxwell’s third law

Answer: b. Fleming’s left hand rule

Explanation: The working principle of motor Fleming’s left

hand rule. It states that, when a current carrying conductor is
place in a magnetic field then it experiences a force. The
direction of force can be determined by Fleming’s left hand rule.

What is the full form of CPR with respect to motor movement?

a) Clocks per rotation
b) Counts per revolution
c) Counts per rotation
d) Clocks per revolution

99 Answer: b. Counts per revolution

1M
Explanation: CPR stands for Counts per revolution with respect
to motor movement. 2 square pulses are generated at a time by
a typical motor encoder, CPR (Counts per revolution) is the is
the number of quadrature decode states that exists between
these two square pulses

AC motors do not have brushes.

a) True
b) False

Answer: a. True
100 Explanation: AC motors do not have brushes. Due to the absence
of brush mechanism AC motors have longer life expectancy. DC 1M

motors comes in two forms, Brushed and Brushless motors. DC

motors without brushes are termed as BLDC (Brushless DC)
motors.