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The document outlines the human digestive system, detailing the organs involved such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas, and their functions in breaking down food and absorbing nutrients. It highlights the processes of mechanical and chemical digestion, as well as the role of symbiotic bacteria in the colon. Additionally, it provides fun facts about the human body and introduces the importance of bile produced by the liver in digestion.

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s.lopezrojas
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10 views

3.1 slides 2022-23 (2) Copy (2)

The document outlines the human digestive system, detailing the organs involved such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas, and their functions in breaking down food and absorbing nutrients. It highlights the processes of mechanical and chemical digestion, as well as the role of symbiotic bacteria in the colon. Additionally, it provides fun facts about the human body and introduces the importance of bile produced by the liver in digestion.

Uploaded by

s.lopezrojas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 13

Take out your


Notes sheet 840 unit B notes
DO NOW... we're on
page 15
3.1 Digestive
System
I Can Statements:
🗹 I can explain what organs are
involved in the digestive system.
To Do Now: What are the organs that make up the
digestive system?
What does the digestive system do?
To Do Now:
What are the organs that make up the
digestive system?
liver intestines esophagus
stomach pancreas

What does the digestive system do?


breaks down food into nutrients
The Human Body is Exciting....!
Did you know that…
❏ more than half the bones in the human body are in the
hands and feet?
❏ the highest recorded ‘sneeze speed’ was
165 km/h?
❏ the heart beats about 3 billion times in the average
person's lifetime?
❏ a newborn baby has 350 bones, but a fully-grown adult
has only 206?
❏ blood is a liquid connective tissue?
The Human Body is Exciting....!
Did you know that…
❏ everyone is color blind at birth?
❏ the surface area of the lungs is approximately
the same size as a tennis court?
❏ food will get to your stomach even if you're
standing on your head?
❏ skin is the largest body organ?
❏ the average adult is made up of 70 - 100 trillion
cells?
Major Organ Systems Intro
The human body consists of 11 organ systems which
contain several specific organs. In Gr. 8 you learn about 5
of these systems: respiratory, circulatory, digestive,
urinary and sensory awareness. To start our exploration
of body systems watch this introduction to ‘ Human Body
Systems ’. (8)
Digestive System
The digestive system is responsible for converting
food into essential nutrients that are absorbed into
the body and for moving waste materials out of the
body.
The digestive system starts at
the mouth , continues to the
esophagus , stomach , small
intestine , large intestine (colon)
and rectum, and ends at the
anus . The entire system from
mouth to anus is about 9 m long.
Types of Digestion:
Mechanical - physical breakdown of food (chewing).
eg: mouth, stomach
Chemical - breakdown of large pieces by enzymes (spit).
eg: mouth, stomach, sm. intestine
Key Parts of the Digestive System

mom

largffe
Digestive System Fun Facts
The stomach’s gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid that starts
to break down food and kill harmful bacteria.
Food then enters the small intestine and mixes with digestive
enzymes from the pancreas and acidic bile from the gall
bladder. This is where nutrients are absorbed into the
bloodstream.
Your blood carries simple sugars, amino acids, glycerol, and some
vitamins and salts to the liver. Your liver stores, processes, and
delivers nutrients to the rest of your body when needed.

Click here (5) to learn more about the digestive


Descriptions of
organs
What do these organs do?
Mouth Pancreas
Salivary Glands Liver
Esophagus Gallbladder
Stomach Large Intestine
Small Intestine Rectum
2th march
Digestive system
and its Organs
Mouth
+ mouth
Salivary
Glands powerful teeth and jawscrush
- Mechanical digestion -
to
salivary - Chemical digestion - food
glands salivary glands secrete
saliva (water + enzymes) to
Esophagus break
fooddown
chemically

To Consider:
Can you swallow food
upside down?

Moves the food from


the mouth to the
Peristalsis
Peristalsis is a series of
wave-like muscle
contractions that move
food through the digestive
tract. It starts in the
esophagus where strong
wave-like motions of the
smooth muscle move balls
of swallowed food to the
stomach.
Stomach

- Mechanical digestion -
stomach churns food
- Chemical digestion - stomach
lining secretes gastric acid
to
ally
Small
Intestine
small intestine
FUNCTIONS CHEMICAL DIGESTIO
● Moves the food from the stomach to the large
intestine
● Absorbs nutrients
● Chemicals from the pancreas and liver are secreted
into the small intestine for chemical digestion
And now, for
the...
mn
As
the BEST
absorptive organ
in the body!
Villi - Part of the Digestive System
Villi are small, finger-like projections in the
small intestine. Each villus is approximately
0.5 - 0.6 mm in length. Villi absorb nutrients
and complete the breakdown of food. The
structure is ideally suited for this function
due to:
● have
a large surface area for the exchange of
nutrients to take place;
● a thin wall that reduces the distance nutrients
need to move; and
● moisture that assists in the transport of
nutrients between villi and capalliries. Villi Explained
Villi - Part of the Digestive System
villi and microvilli increase the surface
area of the intestine for maximum
Challenge! If time

Using a piece of paper and scissors,


how can you cut the piece of paper
so that a person can step through the
paper?!
Hint: It has to do with surface area!
Large Intestine
● Moves the food from
the small intestine
to the rectum where
it is removed from NO
the body. chemical
or mechanical digestion
● Reabsorbs water to
maintain fluids in
the body
● Absorbs vitamins
Symbiotic Bacteria
Bacteria that live in the colon feed on the waste and produce some B
vitamins as well as Vitamin K . These vitamins are absorbed into the
bloodstream at the colon.

There are other bacteria


in the digestive system the
help break down food,
especially cellulose.
This is a symbiotic
relationship. The bacteria
obtain nourishment and we
obtain vitamins and digested
food.
Other contributing organs:
BILE
Liver! Bile is a yellow-green liquid that is produced
in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile
- Does many things, enters the small intestine through the bile
duct. Bile has the following function:
but it's #1 function 1. Breaks down lipids - It breaks down large
for the Digestive fat and oil molecules into tiny droplets. In this
way, the surface area of the lipids fromthe
Istores Pee
System is to is increased and enzyme action is more
produce BILE. efficient.
breakdown
There are many functions of the liver.
liver function Gallbladder
Some of the most important are:
1. The production of bile
chemical
2. Detoxifying the body, i.e. breaking down alcohol and drugs
chemical
3. Breaking down excess amino acids to form urea
4. Converting glucose to glycogen for storage digestion
5. Converting excess carbohydrates to fats
6. Storing vitamins chemical
paths enzymes that
7. Storing minerals such as Iron, Copper, and Zinc.
8. Making plasma proteins such as fibrinogen which is used in blood clotting
9. Making cholesterol which is used to form many hormones reactions
10. Producing heat for the blood and body
chemically speed up
ally
The Digestive Pathway - write this after the Chart
at the end Mouth & Salivary Glands
Rectum No More
Tasteisstored here Esophagus
forremovalthoughf
Stomach Liver
anus makes
gives
enzymes bile
Pancreas Small Intestine Gallbladder

Large Intestine

Rectum
Anus
AGENDA

Complete:
3.1 Formative quiz!

Quizizz

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