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1.3 Hardware and Software
1.3.1 Moore’s Law
1.3.2 Computer Organization
1.4 Data Hierarchy
1.5 Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages
1.6 C and C++
1.7 Programming Languages
1.8 Introduction to Object Technology
1.9 Typical C++ Development Environment
1.10 Test-Driving a C++ Application
1.10.1 Compiling and Running an Application in Visual Studio 2015 for
Windows
1.10.2 Compiling and Running Using GNU C++ on Linux
1.10.3 Compiling and Running with Xcode on Mac OS X
1.11 Operating Systems
1.11.1 Windows–A Proprietary Operating System
1.11.2 Linux–An Open-Source Operating System
1.11.3 Apple’s OS X; Apple’s iOS for iPhone®, iPad® and iPod Touch®
Devices
1.11.4 Google’s Android
1.12 The Internet and the World Wide Web
1.13 Some Key Software Development Terminology
1.14 C++11 and C++14: The Latest C++ Versions
1.15 Boost C++ Libraries
1.16 Keeping Up to Date with Information Technologies
2 Introduction to C++ Programming, Input/Output and Operators
2.1 Introduction
2.2 First Program in C++: Printing a Line of Text
2.3 Modifying Our First C++ Program
2.4 Another C++ Program: Adding Integers
2.5 Memory Concepts
2.6 Arithmetic
2.7 Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators
2.8 Wrap-Up
3 Introduction to Classes, Objects, Member Functions and Strings
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Test-Driving an Account Object
3.2.1 Instantiating an Object
3.2.2 Headers and Source-Code Files
3.2.3 Calling Class Account’s getName Member Function
3.2.4 Inputting a string with getline
3.2.5 Calling Class Account’s setName Member Function
3.3 Account Class with a Data Member and Set and Get Member Functions
3.3.1 Account Class Definition
3.3.2 Keyword class and the Class Body
3.3.3 Data Member name of Type string
3.3.4 setName Member Function
3.3.5 getName Member Function
3.3.6 Access Specifiers private and public
3.3.7 Account UML Class Diagram
3.4 Account Class: Initializing Objects with Constructors
3.4.1 Defining an Account Constructor for Custom Object Initialization
3.4.2 Initializing Account Objects When They’re Created
3.4.3 Account UML Class Diagram with a Constructor
3.5 Software Engineering with Set and Get Member Functions
3.6 Account Class with a Balance; Data Validation
3.6.1 Data Member balance
3.6.2 Two-Parameter Constructor with Validation
3.6.3 deposit Member Function with Validation
3.6.4 getBalance Member Function
3.6.5 Manipulating Account Objects with Balances
3.6.6 Account UML Class Diagram with a Balance and Member Functions
deposit and getBalance
3.7 Wrap-Up
4 Algorithm Development and Control Statements: Part 1
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Algorithms
4.3 Pseudocode
4.4 Control Structures
4.4.1 Sequence Structure
4.4.2 Selection Statements
4.4.3 Iteration Statements
4.4.4 Summary of Control Statements
4.5 if Single-Selection Statement
4.6 if…else Double-Selection Statement
4.6.1 Nested if…else Statements
4.6.2 Dangling-else Problem
4.6.3 Blocks
4.6.4 Conditional Operator (?:)
4.7 Student Class: Nested if…else Statements
4.8 while Iteration Statement
4.9 Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Iteration
4.9.1 Pseudocode Algorithm with Counter-Controlled Iteration
4.9.2 Implementing Counter-Controlled Iteration
4.9.3 Notes on Integer Division and Truncation
4.9.4 Arithmetic Overflow
4.9.5 Input Validation
4.10 Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Iteration
4.10.1 Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement: The Top and First Refinement
4.10.2 Proceeding to the Second Refinement
4.10.3 Implementing Sentinel-Controlled Iteration
4.10.4 Converting Between Fundamental Types Explicitly and Implicitly
4.10.5 Formatting Floating-Point Numbers
4.10.6 Unsigned Integers and User Input
4.11 Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements
4.11.1 Problem Statement
4.11.2 Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement: Pseudocode Representation of the
Top
4.11.3 Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement: First Refinement
4.11.4 Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement: Second Refinement
4.11.5 Complete Second Refinement of the Pseudocode
4.11.6 Program That Implements the Pseudocode Algorithm
4.11.7 Preventing Narrowing Conversions with List Initialization
4.12 Compound Assignment Operators
4.13 Increment and Decrement Operators
4.14 Fundamental Types Are Not Portable
4.15Wrap-Up
5 Control Statements: Part 2; Logical Operators
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Essentials of Counter-Controlled Iteration
5.3 for Iteration Statement
5.4 Examples Using the for Statement
5.5 Application: Summing Even Integers
5.6 Application: Compound-Interest Calculations
5.7 Case Study: Integer-Based Monetary Calculations with Class
DollarAmount
5.7.1 Demonstrating Class DollarAmount
5.7.2 Class DollarAmount
5.8 do…while Iteration Statement
5.9 switch Multiple-Selection Statement
5.10 break and continue Statements
5.10.1 break Statement
5.10.2 continue Statement
5.11 Logical Operators
5.11.1 Logical AND (&&) Operator
5.11.2 Logical OR (||) Operator
5.11.3 Short-Circuit Evaluation
5.11.4 Logical Negation (!) Operator
5.11.5 Logical Operators Example
5.12 Confusing the Equality (==) and Assignment (=) Operators
5.13 Structured-Programming Summary
5.14Wrap-Up
6 Functions and an Introduction to Recursion
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Program Components in C++
6.3 Math Library Functions
6.4 Function Prototypes
6.5 Function-Prototype and Argument-Coercion Notes
6.5.1 Function Signatures and Function Prototypes
6.5.2 Argument Coercion
6.5.3 Argument-Promotion Rules and Implicit Conversions
6.6 C++ Standard Library Headers
6.7 Case Study: Random-Number Generation
6.7.1 Rolling a Six-Sided Die
6.7.2 Rolling a Six-Sided Die 60,000,000 Times
6.7.3 Randomizing the Random-Number Generator with srand
6.7.4 Seeding the Random-Number Generator with the Current Time
6.7.5 Scaling and Shifting Random Numbers
6.8 Case Study: Game of Chance; Introducing Scoped enums
6.9 C++11 Random Numbers
6.10 Scope Rules
6.11 Function-Call Stack and Activation Records
6.12 Inline Functions
6.13 References and Reference Parameters
6.14 Default Arguments
6.15 Unary Scope Resolution Operator
6.16 Function Overloading
6.17 Function Templates
6.18Recursion
6.19 Example Using Recursion: Fibonacci Series
6.20 Recursion vs. Iteration
6.21Wrap-Up
7 Class Templates array and vector; Catching Exceptions
7.1 Introduction
7.2 arrays
7.3 Declaring arrays
7.4 Examples Using arrays
7.4.1 Declaring an array and Using a Loop to Initialize the array’s Elements
7.4.2 Initializing an array in a Declaration with an Initializer List
7.4.3 Specifying an array’s Size with a Constant Variable and Setting array
Elements with Calculations
7.4.4 Summing the Elements of an array
7.4.5 Using a Bar Chart to Display array Data Graphically
7.4.6 Using the Elements of an array as Counters
7.4.7 Using arrays to Summarize Survey Results
7.4.8 Static Local arrays and Automatic Local arrays
7.5 Range-Based for Statement
7.6 Case Study: Class GradeBook Using an array to Store Grades
7.7 Sorting and Searching arrays
7.7.1 Sorting
7.7.2 Searching
7.7.3 Demonstrating Functions sort and binary_search
7.8 Multidimensional arrays
7.9 Case Study: Class GradeBook Using a Two-Dimensional array
7.10 Introduction to C++ Standard Library Class Template vector
7.11Wrap-Up

8 Pointers
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Pointer Variable Declarations and Initialization
8.2.1 Declaring Pointers
8.2.2 Initializing Pointers
8.2.3 Null Pointers Prior to C++11
8.3 Pointer Operators
8.3.1 Address (&) Operator
8.3.2 Indirection (*) Operator
8.3.3 Using the Address (&) and Indirection (*) Operators
8.4 Pass-by-Reference with Pointers
8.5 Built-In Arrays
8.5.1 Declaring and Accessing a Built-In Array
8.5.2 Initializing Built-In Arrays
8.5.3 Passing Built-In Arrays to Functions
8.5.4 Declaring Built-In Array Parameters
8.5.5 C++11: Standard Library Functions begin and end
8.5.6 Built-In Array Limitations
8.5.7 Built-In Arrays Sometimes Are Required
8.6 Using const with Pointers
8.6.1 Nonconstant Pointer to Nonconstant Data
8.6.2 Nonconstant Pointer to Constant Data
8.6.3 Constant Pointer to Nonconstant Data
8.6.4 Constant Pointer to Constant Data
8.7 sizeof Operator
8.8 Pointer Expressions and Pointer Arithmetic
8.8.1 Adding Integers to and Subtracting Integers from Pointers
8.8.2 Subtracting Pointers
8.8.3 Pointer Assignment
8.8.4 Cannot Dereference a void*
8.8.5 Comparing Pointers
8.9 Relationship Between Pointers and Built-In Arrays
8.9.1 Pointer/Offset Notation
8.9.2 Pointer/Offset Notation with the Built-In Array’s Name as the Pointer
8.9.3 Pointer/Subscript Notation
8.9.4 Demonstrating the Relationship Between Pointers and Built-In Arrays
8.10 Pointer-Based Strings (Optional)
8.11 Note About Smart Pointers
8.12Wrap-Up
9 Classes: A Deeper Look
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Time Class Case Study: Separating Interface from Implementation
9.2.1 Interface of a Class
9.2.2 Separating the Interface from the Implementation
9.2.3 Time Class Definition
9.2.4 Time Class Member Functions
9.2.5 Scope Resolution Operator (::)
9.2.6 Including the Class Header in the Source-Code File
9.2.7 Time Class Member Function setTime and Throwing Exceptions
9.2.8 Time Class Member Function toUniversalString and String Stream
Processing
9.2.9 Time Class Member Function toStandardString
9.2.10 Implicitly Inlining Member Functions
9.2.11 Member Functions vs. Global Functions
9.2.12 Using Class Time
9.2.13 Object Size
9.3 Compilation and Linking Process
9.4 Class Scope and Accessing Class Members
9.5 Access Functions and Utility Functions
9.6 Time Class Case Study: Constructors with Default Arguments
9.6.1 Constructors with Default Arguments
9.6.2 Overloaded Constructors and C++11 Delegating Constructors
9.7 Destructors
9.8 When Constructors and Destructors Are Called
9.8.1 Constructors and Destructors for Objects in Global Scope
9.8.2 Constructors and Destructors for Non-static Local Objects
9.8.3 Constructors and Destructors for static Local Objects
9.8.4 Demonstrating When Constructors and Destructors Are Called
9.9 Time Class Case Study: A Subtle Trap–Returning a Reference or a
Pointer to a private Data Member
9.10 Default Memberwise Assignment
9.11 const Objects and const Member Functions
9.12 Composition: Objects as Members of Classes
9.13 friend Functions and friend Classes
9.14 Using the this Pointer
9.14.1 Implicitly and Explicitly Using the this Pointer to Access an Object’s
Data Members
9.14.2 Using the this Pointer to Enable Cascaded Function Calls
9.15 static Class Members
9.15.1 Motivating Classwide Data
9.15.2 Scope and Initialization of static Data Members
9.15.3 Accessing static Data Members
9.15.4 Demonstrating static Data Members
9.16Wrap-Up
10 Operator Overloading; Class string
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Using the Overloaded Operators of Standard Library Class string
10.3 Fundamentals of Operator Overloading
10.3.1 Operator Overloading Is Not Automatic
10.3.2 Operators That You Do Not Have to Overload
10.3.3 Operators That Cannot Be Overloaded
10.3.4 Rules and Restrictions on Operator Overloading
10.4 Overloading Binary Operators
10.5 Overloading the Binary Stream Insertion and Stream Extraction
Operators
10.6 Overloading Unary Operators
10.7 Overloading the Increment and Decrement Operators
10.8 Case Study: A Date Class
10.9 Dynamic Memory Management
10.10 Case Study: Array Class
10.10.1 Using the Array Class
10.10.2 Array Class Definition
10.11 Operators as Member vs. Non-Member Functions
10.12 Converting Between Types
10.13 explicit Constructors and Conversion Operators
10.14 Overloading the Function Call Operator ()
10.15 Wrap-Up
11 Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Base Classes and Derived Classes
11.2.1 CommunityMember Class Hierarchy
11.2.2 Shape Class Hierarchy
11.3 Relationship between Base and Derived Classes
11.3.1 Creating and Using a CommissionEmployee Class
11.3.2 Creating a BasePlusCommissionEmployee Class Without Using
Inheritance
11.3.3 Creating a CommissionEmployee—BasePlusCommissionEmployee
Inheritance Hierarchy
11.3.4 CommissionEmployee—BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance
Hierarchy Using protected Data
11.3.5 CommissionEmployee—BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance
Hierarchy Using private Data
11.4 Constructors and Destructors in Derived Classes
11.5 public, protected and private Inheritance
11.6Wrap-Up
12 Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Introduction to Polymorphism: Polymorphic Video Game
12.3 Relationships Among Objects in an Inheritance Hierarchy
12.3.1 Invoking Base-Class Functions from Derived-Class Objects
12.3.2 Aiming Derived-Class Pointers at Base-Class Objects
12.3.3 Derived-Class Member-Function Calls via Base-Class Pointers
12.4 Virtual Functions and Virtual Destructors
12.4.1 Why virtual Functions Are Useful
12.4.2 Declaring virtual Functions
12.4.3 Invoking a virtual Function Through a Base-Class Pointer or Reference
12.4.4 Invoking a virtual Function Through an Object’s Name
12.4.5 virtual Functions in the CommissionEmployee Hierarchy
12.4.6 virtual Destructors
12.4.7 C++11: final Member Functions and Classes
12.5 Type Fields and switch Statements
12.6 Abstract Classes and Pure virtual Functions
12.6.1 Pure virtual Functions
12.6.2 Device Drivers: Polymorphism in Operating Systems
12.7 Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism
12.7.1 Creating Abstract Base Class Employee
12.7.2 Creating Concrete Derived Class SalariedEmployee
12.7.3 Creating Concrete Derived Class CommissionEmployee
12.7.4 Creating Indirect Concrete Derived Class
BasePlusCommissionEmployee
12.7.5 Demonstrating Polymorphic Processing
12.8 (Optional) Polymorphism, Virtual Functions and Dynamic Binding “Under
the Hood”
12.9 Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism and Runtime Type
Information with Downcasting, dynamic_cast, typeid and type_info 567
12.10 Wrap-Up
13 Stream Input/Output: A Deeper Look
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Streams
13.2.1 Classic Streams vs. Standard Streams
13.2.2 iostream Library Headers
13.2.3 Stream Input/Output Classes and Objects
13.3 Stream Output
13.3.1 Output of char* Variables
13.3.2 Character Output Using Member Function put
13.4 Stream Input
13.4.1 get and getline Member Functions
13.4.2 istream Member Functions peek, putback and ignore
13.4.3 Type-Safe I/O
13.5 Unformatted I/O Using read, write and gcount
13.6 Stream Manipulators: A Deeper Look
13.6.1 Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and setbase
13.6.2 Floating-Point Precision (precision, setprecision)
13.6.3 Field Width (width, setw)
13.6.4 User-Defined Output Stream Manipulators
13.7 Stream Format States and Stream Manipulators
13.7.1 Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points (showpoint)
13.7.2 Justification (left, right and internal)
13.7.3 Padding (fill, setfill)
13.7.4 Integral Stream Base (dec, oct, hex, showbase)
13.7.5 Floating-Point Numbers; Scientific and Fixed Notation (scientific, fixed)
13.7.6 Uppercase/Lowercase Control (uppercase)
13.7.7 Specifying Boolean Format (boolalpha)
13.7.8 Setting and Resetting the Format State via Member Function flags
13.8 Stream Error States
13.9 Tying an Output Stream to an Input Stream
13.10 Wrap-Up
14 File Processing
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Files and Streams
14.3 Creating a Sequential File
14.3.1 Opening a File
14.3.2 Opening a File via the open Member Function
14.3.3 Testing Whether a File Was Opened Successfully
14.3.4 Overloaded bool Operator
14.3.5 Processing Data
14.3.6 Closing a File
14.3.7 Sample Execution
14.4 Reading Data from a Sequential File
14.4.1 Opening a File for Input
14.4.2 Reading from the File
14.4.3 File-Position Pointers
14.4.4 Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program
14.5 C++14: Reading and Writing Quoted Text
14.6 Updating Sequential Files
14.7 Random-Access Files
14.8 Creating a Random-Access File
14.8.1 Writing Bytes with ostream Member Function write
14.8.2 Converting Between Pointer Types with the reinterpret_cast Operator
14.8.3 Credit-Processing Program
14.8.4 Opening a File for Output in Binary Mode
14.9 Writing Data Randomly to a Random-Access File
14.9.1 Opening a File for Input and Output in Binary Mode
14.9.2 Positioning the File-Position Pointer
14.10 Reading from a Random-Access File Sequentially
14.11 Case Study: A Transaction-Processing Program
14.12 Object Serialization
14.13 Wrap-Up
15 Standard Library Containers and Iterators
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Introduction to Containers
15.3 Introduction to Iterators
15.4 Introduction to Algorithms
15.5 Sequence Containers
15.5.1 vector Sequence Container
15.5.2 list Sequence Container
15.5.3 deque Sequence Container
15.6 Associative Containers
15.6.1 multiset Associative Container
15.6.2 set Associative Container
15.6.3 multimap Associative Container
15.6.4 map Associative Container
15.7 Container Adapters
15.7.1 stack Adapter
15.7.2 queue Adapter
15.7.3 priority_queue Adapter
15.8 Class bitset
15.9Wrap-Up
16 Standard Library Algorithms
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Minimum Iterator Requirements
16.3 Lambda Expressions
16.3.1 Algorithm for_each
16.3.2 Lambda with an Empty Introducer
16.3.3 Lambda with a Nonempty Introducer–Capturing Local Variables
16.3.4 Lambda Return Types
16.4Algorithms
16.4.1 fill, fill_n, generate and generate_n
16.4.2 equal, mismatch and lexicographical_compare
16.4.3 remove, remove_if, remove_copy and remove_copy_if
16.4.4 replace, replace_if, replace_copy and replace_copy_if
16.4.5 Mathematical Algorithms
16.4.6 Basic Searching and Sorting Algorithms
16.4.7 swap, iter_swap and swap_ranges
16.4.8 copy_backward, merge, unique and reverse
16.4.9 inplace_merge, unique_copy and reverse_copy
16.4.10 Set Operations
16.4.11 lower_bound, upper_bound and equal_range
16.4.12 min, max, minmax and minmax_element
16.5 Function Objects
16.6 Standard Library Algorithm Summary
16.7Wrap-Up

17 Exception Handling: A Deeper Look

17.1 Introduction
17.2 Exception-Handling Flow of Control; Defining an Exception Class
17.2.1 Defining an Exception Class to Represent the Type of Problem That
Might Occur
17.2.2 Demonstrating Exception Handling
17.2.3 Enclosing Code in a try Block
17.2.4 Defining a catch Handler to Process a DivideByZeroException
17.2.5 Termination Model of Exception Handling
17.2.6 Flow of Program Control When the User Enters a Nonzero
Denominator
17.2.7 Flow of Program Control When the User Enters a Denominator of Zero
17.3 Rethrowing an Exception
17.4 Stack Unwinding
17.5 When to Use Exception Handling
17.6 noexcept: Declaring Functions That Do Not Throw Exceptions
17.7 Constructors, Destructors and Exception Handling
17.7.1 Destructors Called Due to Exceptions
17.7.2 Initializing Local Objects to Acquire Resources
17.8 Processing new Failures
17.8.1 new Throwing bad_alloc on Failure
17.8.2 new Returning nullptr on Failure
17.8.3 Handling new Failures Using Function set_new_handler
17.9 Class unique_ptr and Dynamic Memory Allocation
17.9.1 unique_ptr Ownership
17.9.2 unique_ptr to a Built-In Array
17.10 Standard Library Exception Hierarchy
17.11 Wrap-Up

18 Introduction to Custom Templates

18.1 Introduction
18.2 Class Templates
18.2.1 Creating Class Template Stack
18.2.2 Class Template Stack’s Data Representation
18.2.3 Class Template Stack’s Member Functions
18.2.4 Declaring a Class Template’s Member Functions Outside the Class
Template Definition
18.2.5 Testing Class Template Stack
18.3 Function Template to Manipulate a Class-Template Specialization Object
18.4 Nontype Parameters
18.5 Default Arguments for Template Type Parameters
18.6 Overloading Function Templates
18.7 Wrap-Up

19 Custom Templatized Data Structures

19.1 Introduction
19.1.1 Always Prefer the Standard Library’s Containers, Iterators and
Algorithms, if Possible
19.1.2 Special Section: Building Your Own Compiler
19.2 Self-Referential Classes
19.3 Linked Lists
19.3.1 Testing Our Linked List Implementation
19.3.2 Class Template ListNode
19.3.3 Class Template List
19.3.4 Member Function insertAtFront
19.3.5 Member Function insertAtBack
19.3.6 Member Function removeFromFront
19.3.7 Member Function removeFromBack
19.3.8 Member Function print
19.3.9 Circular Linked Lists and Double Linked Lists
19.4 Stacks
19.4.1 Taking Advantage of the Relationship Between Stack and List
19.4.2 Implementing a Class Template Stack Class Based By Inheriting from
List
19.4.3 Dependent Names in Class Templates
19.4.4 Testing the Stack Class Template
19.4.5 Implementing a Class Template Stack Class With Composition of a List
Object
19.5 Queues
19.5.1 Applications of Queues
19.5.2 Implementing a Class Template Queue Class Based By Inheriting from
List
19.5.3 Testing the Queue Class Template
19.6 Trees
19.6.1 Basic Terminology
19.6.2 Binary Search Trees
19.6.3 Testing the Tree Class Template
19.6.4 Class Template TreeNode
19.6.5 Class Template Tree
19.6.6 Tree Member Function insertNodeHelper
19.6.7 Tree Traversal Functions
19.6.8 Duplicate Elimination
19.6.9 Overview of the Binary Tree Exercises
19.7 Wrap-Up
20 Searching and Sorting
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Searching Algorithms
20.2.1 Linear Search
20.2.2 Binary Search
20.3 Sorting Algorithms
20.3.1 Insertion Sort
20.3.2 Selection Sort
20.3.3 Merge Sort (A Recursive Implementation)
20.4Wrap-Up
21 Class string and String Stream Processing: A Deeper Look
21.1 Introduction
21.2 string Assignment and Concatenation
21.3 Comparing strings
21.4 Substrings
21.5 Swapping strings
21.6 string Characteristics
21.7 Finding Substrings and Characters in a string
21.8 Replacing Characters in a string
21.9 Inserting Characters into a string
21.10 Conversion to Pointer-Based char* Strings
21.11 Iterators
21.12 String Stream Processing
21.13 C++11 Numeric Conversion Functions
21.14 Wrap-Up

22 Bits, Characters, C Strings and structs

22.1 Introduction
22.2 Structure Definitions
22.3 typedef and using
22.4 Example: Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation
22.5 Bitwise Operators
22.6 Bit Fields
22.7 Character-Handling Library
22.8 C String-Manipulation Functions
22.9 C String-Conversion Functions
22.10 Search Functions of the C String-Handling Library
22.11 Memory Functions of the C String-Handling Library
22.12 Wrap-Up
Chapters on the Web
A Operator Precedence and Associativity
B ASCII Character Set
C Fundamental Types
D Number Systems
D.1 Introduction
D.2 Abbreviating Binary Numbers as Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers
D.3 Converting Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers to Binary Numbers
D.4 Converting from Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal to Decimal
D.5 Converting from Decimal to Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal
D.6 Negative Binary Numbers: Two’s Complement Notation
E Preprocessor
E.1 Introduction
E.2 #include Preprocessing Directive
E.3 #define Preprocessing Directive: Symbolic Constants
E.4 #define Preprocessing Directive: Macros
E.5 Conditional Compilation
E.6 #error and #pragma Preprocessing Directives
E.7 Operators # and ##
E.8 Predefined Symbolic Constants
E.9 Assertions
E.10 Wrap-Up
Appendices on the Web
Index

Chapters 23—26 and Appendices F—J are PDF documents posted online at
the book’s password-protected Companion Website, which is accessible from
http://www.pearsonhighered.com/deitel.
23 Other Topics
24 C++11 and C++14: Additional Features
25 ATM Case Study, Part 1: Object-Oriented Design with the UM
26 ATM Case Study, Part 2: Implementing an Object-Oriented Design

F C Legacy Code Topics

G UML: Additional Diagram Types
H Using the Visual Studio Debugger
I Using the GNU C++ Debugger
J Using the Xcode Debugger
Other documents randomly have
different content
Brunswick[499] came to Chatham accompanied with divers of the
Prince's servants, and went on board the ship in the dock.
The 29th day of January after, the Prince was launched, and soon
after had her masts set; and divers other ships graved and made
ready for a voyage to sea.
The 28th of March 1625, certain news was brought to Chatham of
King James' death; and the next day after, his Majesty was
proclaimed amongst us in the Navy at the Hill House;[500] the
Masters, Boatswains, Gunners, Pursers, and all belonging to the
Navy were present.
All April and May I attended at Chatham, to prepare the Fleet that
was then bound to fetch over the Queen. In the latter end of May
his Majesty came to Rochester, where I presented myself unto him in
the Dean's Yard and kissed his hand and had speech with him, till he
came into the house, where he dined and I attended him all the
dinner while. Thence I hasted home, and waited his Majesty's
coming by towards Canterbury, who alighted at my house and
stayed there awhile and gave me leave to drink his health, and then
returned to his coach, giving me charge to follow him and to hasten
on board the Prince, being then in the Downs. According to his
command, I presently took horse and followed him, and lay at
Sandwich that night, and next day came into the Downs; went on
board to the Vanguard, commanded by Captain Pennington, bound
for France, where I met Sir Thomas Button, Captain Ned Giles, and
other good company; there dined, and after was set on board the
Prince.
Saturday the 4th of June, his Majesty came on board the Prince,
riding then in Dover Road, where he dined and was safely landed
again. Yet this evening we let slip and went room[501] for the Downs
with very foul weather.
Thursday the 9th of June, we got over to Boulogne[502] and
anchored in Boulogne Road. The 10th day we had a great storm, the
wind north-west, where all our ships drove,[503] and we brake our
best bower and were forced to let fall our sheet anchor, which put us
both to great danger and puzzle[504] of loss of men and boats, and
had also one of our men belonging to the steward-room drowned.
Sunday morning, being the 12th day, all things prepared fit and
the great storm allayed, about 11 of the clock we received our
young Queen on board, and having a fair leading gale, fitting the
entertainment of a Queen, we set sail out of Boulogne Road about
one [of the] clock, and before 8 had safely landed her and her train
at Dover.
Monday morning I left the ship and went on shore at Dover, and
missing my horses was forced to go to Sandwich, where I lay all
night, and next day hired post horse home. The boatswain of the
ship, John Handcroft, died so soon as I was landed upon the beach.
The 14th day of July 1625, my eldest son John Pett was married
to Catherine Yardley, youngest daughter to Mr. Robert Yardley, of
Chatham, deceased. The wedding was kept at our own house.
The 24th of September my wife's mother sickened at my house
[at] Chatham, and the 4th of October she died, and the 6th day,
being Thursday, she was buried in the chancel of our parish church:
Mr. Pyham[505] made her funeral sermon.
The last part of this Christmas quarter, I was posted to and again
from Chatham to London and Hampton Court, about building of
small ships and presenting plats[506] of them, both to the King and
Commissioners of the Navy, to very little purpose and my great
trouble and charge.

My son Joseph died in Ireland in February this year.[507]

In the year '26 I was called to sundry employments, the one to

have built a new ship at Chatham of 300 tons, and Mr. Burrell was to
have built another, for which I made moulds and sent them into the
woods by one Thomas Williams, shipwright, who hewed the frame in
the woods, which was brought into the yard with an excellent
provision of long straight timber; but by the malice of Mr. Burrell the
business was hindered, and not suffered to go forward, so that the
frame was kept in the yard till it was good for no use of shipping;
but afterward I was employed to build two small pinnaces of 70 tons
a piece or thereabouts, which I performed accordingly at Chatham,
my son Richard being my principal foreman. They were called, the
one the Henrietta, the other Maria, after the Queen's name.
Also, the Commissioners of the Navy growing to be called in
question for their actions, in the latter end of this year,[508] there was
a great commission of Lords and divers other experienced captains
granted under the Broad Seal[509] for inquiry of their actions,
amongst which number I was chosen one: much doing was about it,
but in the end it trenched so far upon some great personages, that it
was let fall and nothing to any purpose done in it, but divers of the
Commissioners came to Chatham, and surveyed the state of the
ships and other things; and so in the end of January following
returned all to London.
The 14th of February, being Wednesday and St. Valentine's Day,
my dear wife Ann departed this life in the morning, and was buried
the Friday after in Chatham Church in the evening, leaving behind
her a disconsolate husband and sad family. Not long after, I being at
London, my only sister then living, Mary Cooper, departed this life
the fifth of March for very grief of the loss of my dear wife.
This summer, my son John was made captain of a merchant ship,
and served under Sir Sackvill Trevor's command at the taking of the
French prize called the St. Esprit.[510]
In July, I was contracted to my second wife Mistress Susan
Yardley, the widow of Mr. Robert Yardley, whose daughter my son
John had formerly married. The 16th of the same month we were
married at St. Margaret's Church, by Mr. Franklyn; Mr. George
Wilson[511] gave her in the church.
The 20th of February, 1627,[512] the Commissioners of the Navy
were summoned before the Lords, and their commission called in
and dissolved, and the government of the Navy conferred upon the
Principal Officers then being, to be carried as in former times.
The 26th of February, attending the Officers of the Navy at Sir
Sackville Crowe's[513] house by Charing Cross, Sir[514] John
Pennington came thither to acquaint them with a warrant from the
Lord Duke, directed to him and myself, for present bargaining with
the yard-keepers[515] of the river for the building of 10 small
vessels[516] for the enterprise of Rochelle, of some 120 tons a-piece,
with one deck and quarter only, to row as well as sail. The 28th day
of the same month we concluded our bargains with the several
yardkeepers and drew covenants between us, and delivered them
imprests[517] accordingly. In this business I was employed till the
latter end of July, that the ships set sail to Portsmouth. My son John
was placed Captain in the sixth Whelp, built by my kinsman Peter
Pett; having liberty from the Lord Duke to make choice for him
amongst them all, I chose that pinnace before the rest, supposing
she would have proved best, which fell out afterward clean contrary.
The 21st of this month of July, as I was going in London to attend
the meeting of the Officers of the Navy, I was arrested at the suit of
one Freeman, upon 3 executions for timber delivered to the building
of Sir Walter Ralegh's ship and the two pinnaces built at Ratcliff[518]
for the expedition of Algier, and was forcibly carried to prison to the
Counter[519] in the Poultry, where I was lodged all night. The next
morning, the King and the Lord Duke being made acquainted by Sir
John Pennington with the business, the Lords of the Council were
twice assembled about my clearing, and the care recommended to
the Lord Treasurer Weston, who employed his secretary, Mr. John
Gibbons, to see me freed, which was done by a habeas corpus to
remove me to the Fleet,[520] where I was carried and there put in
bond for my appearance the first day of Michaelmas term; so for
that time discharged, Mr. Gibbons defraying the whole charge. A
little before this his Majesty gave me a blank for making a baronet,
which was signed by his hand.
 I received warrant from the Lord Duke to go to Portsmouth, there
to attend the setting out of the Fleet; which accordingly I did, taking
my journey from Lambeth the first of August, accompanied with my
son Richard, William Dalton, and some other shipwrights. When I
came to Portsmouth, by means of some friends I procured a
convenient lodging in a private house, where I lay all the time of my
being there, in which I saw many passages and the great disaster
happening unto the Lord Duke. After the mutiny upon the Green on
Friday in the evening, about the execution of a poor seaman that
was hanged upon a gibbet on the beach, and the next day, being
Saturday and the 23rd day, about 10 of the clock, the Duke was
murdered in Captain Mason's[521] house by a private[522] discontented
lieutenant called Felton, being stabbed with a knife to the heart as
he was talking with Sir Thomas (left blank in MS.)[523] at the parlour
door.
The 4th of September, my son John took leave of me in the
evening and went on board his ship; whom I never saw after, being
unfortunately cast away in the return from Rochelle; both ship and
men perishing in the sea, as it was supposed foundered in the
storm, which was a grievous affliction to myself, my wife [and] his
own wife, left great with child at his going to sea.
The 6th September, the service concluded and all the Fleet sent
away, I left Portsmouth accompanied with son Richard and returned
for Chatham, coming thither on Monday the 8th day, finding my wife
and family in good health, praising God for our comfortable meeting.
After divers passages and journeys from Chatham to London and
Hampton Court, to my great expense, and could conclude nothing
for clearing my arrest, I was forced, for saving harmless my sureties
in the Fleet,[524] to deliver myself a prisoner the first day of the term,
going thither in the evening, taking possession of the chamber
provided for me with a heavy heart, my son Richard accompanying
me. Afterward, being advised by my worthy friend, Captain
Pennington, who never forsook me in all my troubles, but furnished
my wants continually, way was made to acquaint his Majesty with
my case; who very graciously gave order to the Lord Treasurer to
see me freed from prison, where I continued, notwithstanding, six or
seven days before I could be released and an agreement concluded
with Freeman for his debt by the Lord Treasurer; which done, I
presented myself to his Majesty who used me very graciously.
In this interim I received certain intelligence of the great loss of
my son John, his ship, and all his company, who foundered in the
sea about the Seames,[525] in a great storm about the beginning of
November; not one man saved to bring the doleful news; no ship
near them to deliver the certainty, but a small pink belonging to the
Fleet, that was within ken of her, and saw her shoot 9 pieces of
ordnance, hoping of succour. This affliction was the greater for that
his dear wife was, much about the time of her husband's loss,
delivered of a son at my house at Chatham, having a mournful time
of lying in, which son was baptized at Chatham Church on Sunday
the 23rd day, afternoon, called Phineas. The witnesses:—my wife,
godmother; myself and good friend, Mr. George Wilson, being
godfathers.
Towards the end of December, I was appointed by the Officers of
the Navy to take charge of docking the Vanguard at Woolwich, which
I presently took order in, to have the dock fitted and prepared for
that purpose.
I docked the Vanguard and caused a dam to be made without the
gates; then took down the gates and wharves within the dam, and
made all new, both floor, wharves and gates; which was finished in a
short time. About this time, riding from Woolwich to Greenwich, sent
for by Captain Pennington, mid way betwixt both, the horse gave me
a dangerous fall, close by a ditch side full of water; by which I
received a great hurt upon my right leg and thigh, which was sore
bruised by the fall, in so much as I had much ado to get back again,
and was not recovered of the hurt in six weeks time, but was forced
to use crutches.
About the beginning of June, by Captain Pennington's
procurement I passed the baronet given me formerly by the King,
for which the Captain received for me 200 pounds, which he sent me
to Woolwich in gold.
About this time I gave over my house at Chatham and
surrendered the lease thereof to Mr. Isackson,[526] the painter, who
renewed it for longer time with Sir Robert Jackson, then Lord of the
Manor.
Towards the end of September, I was employed by the Lord
Treasurer Weston as a Commissioner for his Majesty to the forests of
Shotover and Stowood, near Oxford, which forests were granted
from his Majesty by letters patent to the Earl of Lindsey;[527] wherein
I discharged my duty so effectually as gained me a good opinion
both from his Majesty and the Lord Treasurer; from which
employment I returned to Woolwich the 8th day of November,
having finished a tedious and troublesome business.
The 27th day of November, it pleased God to take from me my
dear beloved son Richard, who died with me at Woolwich and was
buried in the church chancel next day after; being a great affliction
unto me, by reason he was my eldest son then living, being a very
hopeful young man, and for his years an excellent artist, being
trained by me to that purpose for making of ships.
A little after Christmas, I was employed as a Commissioner with
Mr. Treswell,[528] Surveyor of his Majesty's Woods, to view certain
parks of his Majesty: as Ditton Park, Sunning Park and Folly John[529]
Park, lying near about Windsor; which we despatched in four or five
days, and returned back to Westminster, and delivered in the
account and certificate of the business to the Lord Treasurer.
Towards the middle of February, there was a resolution by his
Majesty and the Lords of the Admiralty to make an addition of
assistants to the Principal Officers of his Majesty's Navy, for the
better managing of that great business by experienced men; to
which purpose Mr. William Burrell was nominated as one and myself
by his Majesty's own appointment was chosen for the other, not
without some strong opposition which could not prevail; so that
there was a letter under his Majesty's signet directed to the Officers,
and ourselves to sit with the Officers, and to authorise us to proceed
together in all businesses concerning his Majesty's Service, which
was twice read in public court at their meeting in Mincing Lane, the
8th day of March 1629, and then we took place first with them;
where it was concluded to begin first with a general survey of the
whole Navy at Chatham, and all stores within and without doors,
and to put out by the great, as we should hold fitting, the repair of
all apparent defects in the ships, which was recommended wholly to
the care of Mr. Burrell and myself; which was effectually performed
by us, and the works of the ships put to Mr. Goddard,[530] one of the
Master Shipwrights, to be done by contract; which business we fully
concluded by the end of March, 1630.
After we had settled all business at Chatham, Deptford and
Woolwich, Mr. Burrell and myself took our journey, the 6th of May, to
Portsmouth, where we arrived the 8th day after; taking up our
lodgings at [the] Dock with the Clerk of the Stores,[531] where Mr.
Burrell lay, and myself at the Clerk of the Check,[532] both Mr.
Brookes and brothers; here we stayed upon despatch of all business
concerning the defects of the ships, surveys, and other material
business; which having all ordered, settled, and graved the ships, we
returned thence and came to London the 4th day of June following.
The 4th of August, there was a great Commission sent to
Portsmouth, to take a view of the harbour and the river running up
to Fareham,[533] for the removing of his Majesty's ships to a more
safe place of riding; all the Principal Officers of his Majesty's Navy
being Commissioners, together with Mr. Burrell, his Majesty's
Masters of the Navy, and six of the chief Masters of the Trinity
House. There was much dispute and contrariety about the business,
but in the end a fair agreement was concluded. Some of the Masters
of the Trinity House there sickened, which hastened both their
returns and ours back. In our return home, myself was taken very
sick at Farnham, where Mr. Burrell and myself parted, he staying
behind about some particular business of his own, but we never saw
one another after, being the 13th day of August. It pleased God that
I got home to Woolwich that very night very dangerously sick, and
stirred not out of my chamber in eight weeks space, in which interim
Mr. Burrell died in an inn, as he travelled toward Huntingdon, the
end of this present month.
About the 23rd day of November following, I was sent again to
Portsmouth with a commission to search and enquire about the
worm which was reported to eat the ships in the Road, to their
endangering and hazard. There were divers Master Shipwrights
joined with me in the business, but upon strict examination upon
oath there could be no such matter found, but only a rumour raised
to hinder the keeping of any his Majesty's ships in that harbour.[534]
About the end of December his Majesty signed my letters patent
for the place of a Principal Officer and Commissioner of his Navy,
and the 19th day of January following I had my letters patent
publicly read at the meeting of the Principal Officers of his Majesty's
Navy in Mincing Lane in London, and accordingly took my place
amongst them; the 26th day after, they were publicly read before
the whole Navy men at Chatham.
The 23rd of February I brought my wife from Woolwich to
Chatham in a coach all the way by land; we alighted at son Yardley's
door where we took up our lodging.
The first of March I received from Mr. Robert Smith, Messenger of
the Navy, 8 commissions of purveyance and other business
concerning the Navy under the Broad Seal of England directed to
me.
The 21st day of April, being Thursday, his Majesty, accompanied
with divers of the lords, as the Treasurer,[535] Chamberlain,[536]
Marquis Hamilton, Holland[537] and others, came to Woolwich to see
the Vanguard launched that day, which was performed to his
Majesty's great content. I entertained them in my lodgings with
wine, cakes and other things, which were well accepted. His Majesty
commanded me into the barge with him, purposing to have landed
at Deptford to have seen the St. Denis,[538] newly repaired in dry
dock, but the rain hindered his landing, and I was taken out of his
Majesty's barge into a pair of oars. On Friday morning was launched
the Victory, lying above the Vanguard in the same dock [at]
Woolwich.
On Friday, being the 13th of May, I shipped all my goods and
household stuff from Woolwich in one Starland's hoy, which were all
safely landed at his Majesty's new dock [at] Chatham the next day.
On Monday, the 16th day, I brought myself and family into my
lodgings at the new dock.
Wednesday, being the 15th day of June, all the ships in the Navy
at Chatham being completely trimmed in all points, rigged, and all
their sails at yards, and ordnance on board, his Majesty, attended
with divers lords, came to Strood[539] about 2 o'clock afternoon,
where the Officers of the Navy attended his Highness with barges
and boats, and being embarked rew[540] down the river on board the
Prince, and from her on board all the ships riding in that [place]. At
his Majesty's embarking, the ships did orderly discharge their
ordnance. The King went to his lodging at the Crown, Rochester.
Next morning betimes, his Majesty took his barge again, and went
on board the rest of the ships riding in the upper reach, beginning
with the Lion, being the uppermost ship; so to the rest in order,
observing the course and order of the discharging their ordnance as
the day before; then landed at the old dock and viewed all the
ordnance upon the wharves; then walked on foot to the new dock,
by the way taking notice of the ropehouse and storehouses without
the dock gates; then came into the yard and viewed the stores and
houses; after came into my lodgings, where he stayed a pretty
while; then went to the top of the hill on the back side, where his
Majesty stood to see the ordnance fired from the ships; from thence
walked back to the old dock, where his Highness took his barge to
Rochester, by the way hovering to observe the trained-band placed
in two battalions and skirmished in warlike manner, to his Majesty's
great content. His Majesty landed at Rochester and went to dinner;
then called for the Officers of the Navy, giving[541] them many thanks
for their care and pains; then took his coach to Gravesend, thence
up by water to Greenwich.
Monday morning, being the 25th of July, I took my journey from
Chatham towards Portsmouth, riding through Sussex. We came to
Portsmouth [the] 27th day at night and lodged at the Queen's Head.
We were sent to provide and prepare all the ships riding at
Portsmouth in manner as they were at Chatham, to entertain his
Majesty, resolved to view them all; which was accordingly
performed.
The second of August, being Tuesday, his Majesty came to
Portsmouth accompanied with divers lords, and presently took boat
and went on board each several ship, from thence treatably[542]
returning, and the ships saluting him with their ordnance. His
Majesty was landed by six of the clock and went directly to the
Governor's house, where he was lodged, and called for supper as
soon as he came. Next day I attended his Majesty for order for
removing the ships, which presently was done by his Majesty's own
mouth; and waiting at dinner, his Majesty commanded me to attend
the Lord Treasurer and others, to transport them into the Isle of
Wight and bring them back; which I carefully performed in his
Majesty's pinnace, the Maria, appointed for that purpose, and safely
landed him from the Cowes at Titchfield Haven, being attended with
one of the Whelps. I returned to Chatham from Portsmouth the 10th
of August after.
The 25th of this month, being Thursday, my son John's wife, lost
in the sixth Whelp, was married to Edward Stevens,[543] a shipwright,
in Chatham Church, the wedding being at my house in the new
dockyard, where we gave entertainment to all his friends till Monday
after, when they returned for London.
In[544] the beginning of this year, 1632, I was commanded from his
Majesty to assist my son Peter in the building a new ship at
Woolwich, which was begun in February, being of the burthen of 800
tons and tonnage; most part of the frame and provisions being
made in the forests of Shotover and Stowood, Oxfordshire; my son
had the oversight of the work. About the 8th of June, his Majesty
came to Woolwich to see the work, where I entertained him
afterwards in my lodgings and attended his Majesty to Deptford in
his own barge, where he landed to view the other new ship built by
Mr. Goddard.
The 30th day of January, 1633, the new ship at Woolwich was
launched, the King's Majesty being there present, standing in my
lodgings. It proved a fair day and good tide, so that the ship was put
out without strain of tackle, which much contented his Majesty, who
soon after took his barge and returned to Whitehall. The ship was
named the Charles after his own name.
The next day the new ship at Deptford built by Mr. Goddard was
launched, the King and Queen's Majesties being present, and was
called after the Queen's name, Henrietta Maria.
By the beginning of March, the Henrietta being come to ride at
Woolwich by the Charles, both being ready fitted to set sail for
Chatham, his Majesty was pleased to come down in his barge on
board the Charles. We presently weighed with both ships and set sail
with the wind at south-west and better; his Majesty went in her a
little beneath[545] Barking Creek, and then took his barge and
returned, we taking leave after the manner of the sea with our
voices and whistles, and the King's trumpets upon the poop. By low
water we were got beneath the Nore a good distance, and there
anchored all night, and the next flood we turned up as high as
Oakham Ness[546] and there anchored, and on Monday after came
over the chain.
The 22nd of March, I was appointed to make a journey to
Portsmouth to take survey of all the business there, both on float
and on the shore. Mr. Edisbury,[547] Mr. Goddard, Mr. Goodwin[548] the
Master, Mr. Apslyn,[549] and our clerks going along with us. We took
our journey from London on Friday morning, and came to
Portsmouth on Sunday afternoon. It was the 6th of April following
before I returned to home to Chatham. The 11th day, son Peter first
time took his journey to Woodbridge in Suffolk to see Mrs. Cole's
eldest daughter.
The 15th of June, 1633, I went a journey to Portsmouth from
Chatham, through part of East Kent, accompanied with Sir Henry
Palmer, Captain William Hawkridge, newly returned from captivity,
[550]
our clerks and servants. Saturday and Sunday night we lay at
Buckwell,[551] at Captain Moyle's, whose wife was sister to the Lady
Palmer. Monday we rode to one Sir William Campion's, where we
were very kindly entertained till Wednesday morning; thence taking
leave we rode to Lewes to dinner; thence to Shoreham,[552] where
we lodged that night; thence to Chichester, there dined; then to
Portsmouth where we stayed four days to despatch business there;
which done, we came thence to Guildford; so to London; and the
26th day, being Wednesday, I came home to Chatham.
The 5th of July, 1633, being a Friday, I began a journey from
Chatham by sea into Suffolk in the little Henrietta pinnace
commanded by Captain Cook, one of the Master Attendants of his
Majesty's Navy, accompanied with young Mr. Henry Palmer, Mr.
Isackson, son Yardley, cousin[553] Joseph, my sons Peter and
Christopher, man Charles Bowles, and George Parker.[554] We set sail
from Gillingham in the morning, having a fair gale at south-west. We
anchored against Harwich, between two and three of the clock,
afternoon, and from thence shipped ourselves and company in boats
for Ipswich, arriving there afore 6 in the evening, and lodged at the
Angel Inn, which was then kept by my cousin Barwick. On Saturday
morning we were horsed to Woodbridge on hackneys, whither we
came about 11 of the clock and were lodged at the Crown. After
dinner we went to visit Mrs. Cole and her daughters, with whom we
had large discourse about the match of her daughter with my son
Peter, and found our propositions entertained, I having great liking
to the maid. Sunday, we and our train dined and supped at Mrs.
Cole's. Monday, we invited mother and daughters and Mr. Fleming to
dine with us at our inn, whither came to us divers of our friends to
whom we gave the best entertainment the place could afford. In the
afternoon we had private conferences together, and concluded the
match and contracted the parties with free consent on both sides;
we supped this night at Mrs. Cole's. Tuesday forenoon, having
despatched all our business, we took our journey by horse to
Landguard Point[555] accompanied with Mistress Cole, her daughters,
and other their friends and neighbours, whom we entertained a
while on board our pinnace, and there resolved the day of marriage;
thence we accompanied them on shore, saw them horsed, and so
took leave. My son and some other of our company accompanied
them to Woodbridge, being overtaken with a mighty storm of rain,
thunder and lightning all the way. All the next day proving very foul
and wet weather, the wind contrary, and my son and his company
not returned (who came not to us till almost 3, afternoon) we
concluded to stay till next morning in the road. Myself and most of
our company went on shore to Harwich and there lay that night.
Thursday morning we came on board betimes and set sail, and
that tide came up as high as Bishop Ness in our river of Medway,
where we anchored and had boats meet us from Chatham, in whom
we embarked, and were safely landed at the new dock about seven,
Friday morning, 12th July, giving God thanks for our prosperous
voyage and safe return.
About the middle of this month, my son Peter had order to
prepare moulds for a frame of a new ship of 500 tons, to be built by
him at Woolwich, and was assigned to have the timber out of
Stowood and Shotover in Oxfordshire.
About this time also, Sir Henry Palmer and myself were deeply
questioned about making sale of brown paper stuff[556] which we
claimed as a perquisite to our places, and by the information of Mr.
Edisbury, our fellow officer, to Sir John Coke. The information was
presented with a great deal of malice, and his Majesty was made
acquainted withal; but it pleased God that their malice took no
effect, the King giving us a free discharge, only we repaid the
moneys received for the commodity to the Treasurer of the Navy for
his Majesty's use.
 The 3rd day of September, my son Peter came to Chatham
accompanied with Mr. Sheldon[557] and Mr. Francis Terringham, and
the next morning we embarked ourselves at the new dock,
accompanied also with Mr. Bostock, cousin Joseph, and son
Christopher, and all our provisions, and came on board the Henrietta
pinnace at Gillingham, where Captain Cooke attended us ready to
set sail; from whence with a prosperous gale, the wind at south-
west and very fair weather, we came to anchor before Harwich
about six of the clock. All our company went on shore to Harwich,
where we lodged that night, and the next day from thence took our
journey to Woodbridge, where we were joyfully received and
entertained by Mistress Cole[558] and her friends. On Sunday
following, being the 8th day of September, my son was married to
Mistress Cole's daughter in Woodbridge Church after the sermon. On
the Thursday after, all my company took leave at Woodbridge and
came to our ship riding at Harwich, where we lodged that night, and
on Friday morning embarked ourselves and set sail; having the wind
fair, we got up as high as Oakham, where we anchored and took
boats to St. Mary Creek, where we landed and walked home on foot,
giving God thanks for our prosperous voyage and safe return.
The 8th of December, being Sunday, lying at my lodging in Mincing
Lane, London, as I was going to church in the forenoon, I was set
upon by six sergeants,[559] who arrested me at the suit of my sister
Pett,[560] widow to my brother Peter; by whom I was used uncivilly,
but after they were told by Sir Henry Palmer they would be called to
account for abusing the King's servant they let me go; which turned
me afterward to a great trouble and suit in law, to my great charge.
In the month of February were launched the Unicorn at Woolwich,
built by Mr. Boate,[561] and the next spring following was launched
the James out of Deptford Dock, built there by my nephew, Peter
Pett; the King's Majesty being in person present at both places,
where I attended his Highness all the time of that business.
The 22nd day of the same month, Sir Henry Palmer[562] and myself
were commanded to attend the Lords Commissioners of the
Admiralty, to answer the great information prosecuted against us by
the malice of Secretary Coke by intimation of Mr. Edisbury, newly
made Surveyor of the Navy, for selling the old brown paper stuff as
perquisites of our places; we were not called in till the evening; none
but Mr. Fleming[563] and myself appeared, Sir Henry Palmer purposely
absenting himself. There were present at [the] council table, Earl
Dorset,[564] Sir Henry Vane,[565] Secretary Coke and Secretary
Windebank.[566]
Mr. Secretary Coke delivered his Majesty's pleasure, with despiteful
aggravation of the fact and the dangerous precedent[567] to others.
The conclusion was that his Majesty's command was we should be
suspended our places. We were not suffered to make any reply, but
dismissed and referred to his Majesty's further pleasure. On the
Monday after, I attended to speak to his Majesty so soon as he was
ready in his withdrawing chamber, where his Majesty was pleased to
call me to him; and before all the lords there present and my
professed enemy, Secretary Coke, his Majesty used me very
graciously, with large expression and protestation of the continuance
of his future favour and continued encouragements; which though
Secretary Coke liked not, yet he made great show of his well wishing
to me in his Majesty's presence; but notwithstanding all this, I repaid
the moneys I had received for my share, being 86 pounds, to the
Treasurer of the Navy for his Majesty's use, out of my yearly
entertainment.
About the middle of March, my son brought his wife and his
mother, with their family, from Woodbridge to my house at Chatham,
where they all stayed with us till the 23rd of April following, and then
went all to Woolwich, where my son was employed upon the
building of his Majesty's ship the Leopard.
The 22nd of June was finished a little ship, being completely
rigged and gilded, and placed upon a carriage with wheels[568]
resembling the sea; was enclosed in a great case of deals and
shipped for London in the Fortune Pink, and was out of her taken
into a wherry and carried through bridge to Scotland Yard and from
thence to St. James', where it was placed in the long gallery and
presented to the Prince, who entertained it with a great deal of joy,
being purposely made for him to disport himself withal.
The 26th of June, his Majesty came to Woolwich in his barge to
see the frame of the Leopard, then half built; and being in the ship's
hold his Highness, calling me aside, privately acquainted me with his
princely resolution for the building of a great new ship, which he
would have me to undertake, using these words to me:—'You have
made many requests to me, and now I will make it my request to
you to build this ship,' commanding me to attend his coming to
Wanstead[569] where he would further confer with me about it.
The 29th October, the model made for the great new ship was
carried to Hampton Court and there placed in the Privy Gallery,
where, after his Majesty had seen and thoroughly perused, he
commanded us to carry it back to Whitehall and place it in the Privy
Gallery till his Majesty's coming thither; which was accordingly
performed.
In March, 1635, the 11th day, his Majesty came to Woolwich to
see the launching of the new ship built there by my son Peter, the
which ship I caused to have her masts set in the dock and to be
completely rigged and ten pieces of ordnance placed in her, with her
sails at the yard. The ship being launched betimes, she was, by his
Majesty's command, called the Leopard by Sir Robert Mansell. After
the ship was clear out of the dock, his Majesty came on board and
there stayed almost one hour. We hoped to sail her whilst his
Majesty had been on board, but the wind came northerly, that we
could do no good to lead it to our moorings. At his Majesty's parting
away in his barge we gave nine pieces of ordnance.
In the midst of April, his Majesty was graciously pleased to renew
my privy seal for my pension of 40l. per annum, payable in the
Exchequer, with order for all my arrears due upon it. The 8th of May
following, my son Peter received the same arrears, being one
hundred pounds.
 The 14th of May, I took leave of his Majesty at Greenwich, with his
command to hasten my journey into the north, to provide and
prepare the frame and timber and plank and trenails for the great
new ship to be built at Woolwich; and having despatched all
warrants and letters concerning that business and some imprests of
moneys for travelling charges, I took leave at Woolwich and came to
Chatham, leaving my son to see all the moulds and other
necessaries to be shipped in a Castle ship, taken up for that
purpose, to transport all our provisions and workmen to Newcastle
and to send the ships to take us in at Queenborough.
The 21st of May, my son with his wife, mother, and sisters, and
rest of their company, being come to us to Chatham and in
readiness, we, accompanied with cousin Joseph's wife and mine own
company, we took leave at Chatham in the morning and repaired by
our boats to Queenborough, where the ship was in readiness; where
we embarked ourselves, intending to have set sail presently, but the
wind chopping to east and north-east, we could not stir that tide,
but rode till the morning; then weighed and set sail and got down as
low as the Blacktail Sand,[570] where we anchored all the flood. At
high water, being about 3 [o']clock afternoon, we weighed again and
plyed down beneath the Spits and there anchored all that night.
Saturday morning we weighed and set sail again, and the next day
by five afternoon we came to an anchor against Harwich and landed
all our passengers bound for Woodbridge, who got thither that
night; and the next myself and rest of my company went for
Woodbridge, where we stayed till Tuesday afternoon and then
returned to Harwich to our ship. Wednesday forenoon, we set sail
from Harwich, and Thursday morning we came into Yarmouth Road,
where we anchored, went on shore and dined, and after dinner
returned on board and set sail, plying our course till Saturday
morning. Being got within twenty leagues of Newcastle, the wind
took us short, and we put room and were landed, not without some
danger, at Scarborough where we lay that night, and our ship put
room for Bridlington.[571]
 Sunday morning we got horse with some difficulty and rode to
Whitby,[572] where we were kindly entertained and lodged at one
Captain Foxe's[573] house, then lying sick. There we found much
kindness at the hands of one Mr. Bagwell, a shipwright and
yardkeeper; this was the 31st of May. Monday morning we parted
thence and came to Guisborough, a great market town, where we
baited. From thence we went to Stockton,[574] where we found but
mean entertainment, being lodged in the Mayor's house, being a
poor thatched cottage.[575] On Tuesday we came to Durham, where
we baited; from thence we came to Newcastle about five of the
clock, lodging this night at the posthouse, where we were very
homely used; but the next day we removed thence to Mr. Leonard
Carr's house, where we were very well accommodated and neatly
lodged, in which house we lay all the time of our abode at
Newcastle; this was the 3rd of June, 1635.
After our coming to Newcastle and that[576] lodged ourselves
conveniently, we advised together how to proceed in our business,
[that] no time might be lost; and first viewed the places from
whence we were to make choice of our frame and other provisions,
which were Chopwell Woods[577] and Brancepeth Park,[578] a good
way from one another.
Then, having marked such trees as were fittest our purpose, our
workmen were disposed of to their several charges, and began to
fell, square, and saw with all the expedition we could. That work
being settled, my son carefully followed that business whilst I myself
attended the Lord Bishop of Durham[579] with my commission and
instructions, whom I found wonderfully ready and willing to give all
furtherance to us, assisted by other knights and gentlemen, Justices
of the Peace in the county; who with all care and diligence took
order with the country for present carriage. God so blessed us in our
proceedings that in a short time as much of the frame was made
ready as laded away a great collier belonging to Woodbridge, which
was safely landed at Woolwich; and as fast as provisions could be
made ready, they were shipped away. That from Chopwell Woods
was laded from Newcastle; that which came from Brancepeth, from
Sunderland.
Having ordered all our business, both for carriage, moneys, and all
other needful things to set forward the business, leaving my loving
son Peter to oversee all, I took my leave of my friends at Newcastle
the 22nd day of July, being Wednesday, and came to Durham where
we lodged that night at the posthouse. Next morning I waited upon
my Lord of Durham, with whom I dined, and after dinner took leave
and returned to my lodging.
Friday morning, being the 24th day, I parted from Durham
accompanied with my son Christopher, Charles Bowles,[580] and the
guide. We met, also bound our way towards London, three Scottish
gentlemen and their attendants, who very kindly accepted of our
company, and we rode together to Northallerton where we lodged
that night at the postmaster's. Next day we rode to York and lodged
at the postmaster's. Sunday, we stayed at York all the day, myself
being entertained at dinner by Sir Arthur Ingram[581] and at night by
Alderman Sir William Allison.
Monday morning, 27th day, we rode to dinner to Wentbridge,
thence to Doncaster to bed. Tuesday we rode to Tuxford,[582] where
we dined; thence to Newark upon Trent, there lodged this night.
Wednesday morning we rode from Newark to Grantham[583] where
we dined; thence to Stamford, where lodged this night.
Thursday, being the 30th day, we rode from Stamford to
Huntingdon, and there dined and met there my old acquaintance
and noble friend, Sir Oliver Cromwell. After dinner we took horse
again, and at Huntingdon town's-end the Scottish gentlemen and we
parted; they took their way for London, myself and company for
Cambridge, where I lodged at the Falcon and visited Emmanuel
College, where I had been a scholar in my youth.
Friday, being last of July, after I had visited Trinity College and
some others, I rode from Cambridge to Bury in Suffolk, where we
only baited, and rode that night to Stowmarket, coming thither very
wet, having rained very hard all that afternoon; there we lay that
night. From thence rode next morning to Ipswich, drank only at the
Greyhound Inn, and thence came to Woodbridge, alighting at sister
Cole's about eleven of the clock, being the first of August.
I stayed at Woodbridge till Tuesday, the 4th of August; thence
taking leave, I rode to Witham to bed; from thence next morning
taking horse I came to Gravesend ferry; there passing over my
horses I stayed their coming, and then taking horse again I came
home to my house about 4 clock afternoon, in safety and health,
giving God thanks for our safe meeting after eleven weeks absence
from thence.
The 4th November, being Tuesday, it pleased God to send my son
Peter safely to Woolwich, where we met together to our great
comfort; and so gave order for proceeding in our business.
The 21st day of December, the keel of the great new ship was laid
in his place upon the blocks in the dock; most part of the frame and
other provisions came safely to Woolwich and were landed in the
Yard.
The 16th day of January, his Majesty, accompanied with divers of
the lords, came to Woolwich to see part of the frame and floor of the
ship laid. At that time his Majesty gave order to myself and son to
build two small pinnaces out of the wastes of the great ship.
The 28th day of March, his Majesty came again to Woolwich,
accompanied with the Palsgrave,[584] his brother Duke Robert,[585]
and divers other lords, who all stood in the windows of my lodgings
to see the two pinnaces launched, which was performed to their
great content, and named the Greyhound and Roebuck.
About[586] the 10th of April, his Majesty's ship called by the name
of the Anne Royal, bound for to be Admiral of the narrow seas, and
anchoring in Tilbury Hope, being unmoored,[587] the ship winding
up[588] upon the flood, came foul of her own anchor, which pulled out
a great part of her keel abaft the mast; and so, in sinking, overthrew
so suddenly that some of the company were drowned, amongst
whom was the master's wife and one other woman. Myself, amongst
others, was commanded by his Majesty to give my assistance for
weighing of her, which cost much trouble, great charge and no small
danger to them that travelled[589] about it; which was afterwards
objected to them as a great fault, and were rewarded with a bitter
check from the Lords. The ship was weighed, and carried to
Blackwall, and put into the East India Dock about the 10th of
August.
The 3rd of February, his Majesty came to Woolwich by water,
accompanied with the Prince Elector[590] and divers other lords,
where he thoroughly viewed all the works of the ship without; and
then went on board and seriously perused all the ship within board,
both aloft and in the hold, being very well satisfied in all points; and
then retired himself into my lodgings, where he stayed till flood, and
then took his barge and returned to Whitehall.
Tuesday, the 25th of April, my daughter Martha was married unto
John Hodierne, sometimes my servant.[591] She was married at
Chatham Church, accompanied with the best sort of our neighbours,
who were entertained in the garden under a long tent, set up for
that purpose, where they ate, dined, and supped.
On the 21st day [of] July, being Friday, I brought my wife from
Woolwich to Chatham in a coach, having been very ill some weeks
before. We brought her safe to my house, and the next day she was
to our thinking very cheerful, and was visited by divers our good
neighbours, but on Sunday she grew very ill, and continued worse
and worse all that night. About 3 clock, Monday morning, she fell
into a sweet sleep and so like [a] lamb quietly departed this life, and
the Wednesday afternoon following was buried in Chatham Church,
accompanied with the better sort of all the neighbours about us; Mr.
Vaughan, our Minister, preached at her funeral.
Tuesday, being the 29th August, proved a very wet, rainy day, but
the shipwrights of the river, which were warned to help to strike the
ship upon the ways, being come together, we set on the business,
and by God's blessing the ship was struck by eleven of the clock
without harm to any man, which we accounted a great mercy of
God.
Monday, the 25th of September, was the day peremptorily
appointed by his Majesty for launching the great ship; and
accordingly all things were prepared in readiness for performance
thereof. His Majesty, accompanied with the Queen and all the train
of lords and ladies, their attendants, came to Woolwich, for the most
part by water, landing at the dock stairs about 12 of the clock, and
went directly on board the ship, where they stayed about one hour,
and thence retired into our rooms, prepared and furnished for their
entertainment. About 2 of the clock the tackles were set taut and
the ship started as they heaved, till the tackles failed and the water
pinched,[592] being a very poor tide, so that we gave over to strain
the tackles and began to shore the ship. Then his Majesty with the
Queen took their barge and returned to Whitehall, being very sorry
the ship could not be launched. We attempted two or three tides
afterward to no purpose; it was then concluded to let the ship sit till
the next spring,[593] sitting so easily and safely that she could take no
hurt.
After, it was resolved the ship should lie till the spring after, which
was about the 12th or 13th October following. In the interim many
malicious reports were raised to disable the ship, and to bring as
much disgrace upon me as malice itself could possibly invent; all
proceeding from the Masters of the Trinity House and other rough-
hewn seamen, with whom William Cooke, one of the four Masters of
his Majesty's Navy, enviously adhering to pleasure Secretary Coke,
and Mr. Edisbury, then newly made Surveyor of his Majesty's Navy,
all professed enemies to the building of the ship, and more to
myself, joined together to cast what aspersions upon both as far as
they durst (for fear of the King's displeasure); but the time of the
spring drawing on, there was a meeting called by Sir Robert
Mansell's means at Woolwich of such Trinity House Masters as were
formerly employed on the business, with the Officers of the Navy, to
resolve of the certain day and time of launching, which was
generally concluded to be on Sunday following, being the 14th
October, and that I should not attempt to stir the ship before; but on
the Saturday night tide, the wind chopping up for westerly, and a fair
night in hand promising a great tide to follow, I caused the two
Masters of the Navy there attending to be ready, commanding all we
could on the sudden get together to attend us, contrary to the mind
of Mr. Cooke, who was very unwilling to meddle with the ship in the
night, though Mr. Austen,[594] the more resolute man, was very
willing to take the benefit of the first opportunity to launch. The tide
came in so fast that the ship was on float by three-quarters flood,
which I perceiving thought it fit to command the ship to be heaved
off, the night being fair and calm; which accordingly was presently
performed, and the ship brought into the channel and from thence
by several warps conveyed safely to her moorings by high water;
keeping lights with reed[595] all alongst the shore till the mooring
cables were taken in and made fast to the bitts; which success with
much thankfulness we acknowledged an especial mercy of God
towards us. This done, I presently dispatched a messenger to Sir
Robert Mansell at Greenwich, who came with all speed on board us,
and according to his Majesty's commandment gave the name to the
ship and named her the Sovereign of the Seas. The next morning
the company of the Trinity House Masters and others appointed to
attend the launching, came according to the appointment to give
their attendance, but finding the ship already launched, and at her
moorings in the midst of the river, they seemed to be much
discontented that they were so disappointed and prevented, which
they expressed as far as they durst.
This morning Sir Robert Mansell rode away post to the King, lying
then at Hampton Court, and acquainted his Majesty with our
proceedings, who was wonderfully pleased with it.
The week following we reared the sheers to set the masts, which
was performed with much safety and expedition, and all the masts
set within fourteen days; and so soon as the rigging could be in
some reasonable complete manner fitted, and sails brought to the
yards, the ship was removed from Woolwich to Erith, by reason
there was a greater depth of water to ride in. His Majesty had been
on board of her before she went thence.
The 12th of May, 1638, the Sovereign set sail from Erith to
Greenhithe,[596] where she anchored to take in her ordnance and
provisions. The 6th of June after, his Majesty, accompanied with the
Queen, Duchess of Chevreuse,[597] Duke and Duchess of Lennox,[598]
with divers other lords and ladies more, came on board the ship at
Greenhithe, where they dined to their great content. At their going
from the ship, we gave them 17 pieces of ordnance.
The 10th of February before, I received particular warrants from
his Majesty at council table, being himself there present, for bringing
the ship from Chatham to Woolwich dock; which was by my care
speedily performed, and the ship safely dry docked, the 21st day of
March following.
About the 12th of July, the Sovereign weighed from Greenhithe
and anchored a little beneath Gravesend, where she rode till the
King's Majesty came on board her, which was upon the 21st day of
July, being Saturday, coming down in his barge, and rowed some
part of the way against the tide. In the time of his being on board,
his Majesty observed the condition of the ship as she now rode
ready to sail, vidt. the draught of water, the distance of the ports of
the lower tier from the water, number of the ordnance, and all other
circumstances to her complete furnishing; wherewith he was so well
satisfied and pleased that he parted from her with as much
expression of content and satisfaction as we could expect from him,
to the general comfort of us all.
Before his Majesty took barge I had placed my then wife, Bylande,
[599]
daughter Ann,[600] and many other gentlewomen, my special
friends, in the great cabin to kiss his Majesty's hand, and prevailed
with his Majesty to walk aft into the cabin, where his Highness most
graciously gave each of them his hand to kiss. His Majesty then took
his barge, and at his going from the ship we gave him 72 pieces of
great ordnance. I then with my wife and friends went on shore and
took the coach and came directly home.
 Thursday, 2nd of August, I took leave of my wife and friends at
Chatham after supper; so rode to Gravesend, thence on board the
Sovereign and lay on board in mine cabin, being the first night I
lodged in her.
Friday, my son Peter came on board from Woolwich; then about
10 of the clock we weighed from Gravesend, and stood down
beneath Hole Haven, and there anchored that night, being little
wind.
Saturday morning, 4th August, we weighed from Hole Haven and
stood down beneath the buoy of the Gunfleet, where we anchored
all that night.
Sunday we came to an anchor right before Margate town, where
we rode till Thursday morning following, then weighed and set sail
with the wind at west; but coming about the Foreland we met the
wind so far southerly as put us to go without the sand, and blew so
much wind as we could bear our topsails but half mast high, so that
we could not possibly weather the South Sand Head;[601] the tides
running also dead, we were forced to anchor in 32 fathom and there
rode that night, which proved reasonable fair.
Friday morning, the 20th August, we weighed; having the benefit
of a whole tide of ebb, we weathered the South Sand Head and
stood in right thwart of Dover; but neither the town nor Castle took
notice of us. So we put room into the Downs and anchored as near
Sir John Pennington, then riding Admiral, as we conveniently could
do, being about 8 of the clock in the morning; we were saluted by
the Admiral and all the ships in the road, whom we answered again,
giving the Admiral 21 pieces. This done we went on board the
Admiral, Sir John Pennington, to whom we were continual guests
while we stayed in the Downs.
Wednesday morning, being the 15th of August, we set sail out of
the Downs, the wind at south and sometimes south-west. We turned
to [and] fro with very foul weather till we came as high [as] thwart
of Shoreham, or thereabouts (the Garland attending us, who was
not able to keep way with us); which course we held till Saturday
the 18th day [of] August; then finding in that time we had sufficient
trial of the condition and working of the ship in all respects, and
having but a small proportion of victuals to stay out longer, we
resolved to bear up again for the Downs; which accordingly was
done, and about 3 clock, afternoon, we anchored close to the
Admiral, Sir John Pennington entertaining us on board his ship all
the time we rode by him.
Tuesday morning, the 21st of August, I took leave of the
Sovereign and the Admiral, and went on shore at Deal, where I
found my man attending ready with my horses, being the night[602]
before come thither, where I presently took horse and rode directly
to Canterbury, having visited Sir Henry Palmer by the way. I baited
some hour or more at Canterbury, and took horse again and came
home to my house [at] New Dock[603] a little after four in the
afternoon; giving God hearty thanks for my safe return, finding my
wife, family and friends in a reasonable health.
The 28th of August, the Sovereign came safe to her moorings at
St. Mary Creek, being Tuesday.
The 8th of September my dear wife sickened, taken with a violent
fever, being then great with child.
The 19th of September, being Wednesday, between 8 and 9 clock
in the morning, she departed this life in a most Christian manner,
surrendering up her spirit into His hands that gave it her; the next
day after, being Thursday, she was buried in a seemly manner in
Chatham Church, close by the side of my first wife, leaving me a
sorrowful and disconsolate husband.
Within few days after, deceased also my wife's one[604] sister and
next neighbour, wife to Mr. John Short, Clerk of the Check to his
Majesty's Navy.[605] They sickened together, she also being with child,
and knew not of one and tother's death. Soon after died Mr.
Etherington, their own father, at Mr. Short's house, who came thither
purposely to visit them.
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