PMS POLITICAL SCIENCE PAPER 1 COMPLETE ANALYSIS

Western Political Thought

● Plato
⮚ Critically examine the Plato’s Ideal State. (2014)

⮚ Critically examine Plato’s Concept of Justice. (2015)

⮚ Discuss and explain the Platonic concept of the “Philosopher King”. (2021)

● Aristotle
⮚ Evaluate Aristotle’s classification of government in detail. (2019)

⮚ Analyze Aristotle’s notions regarding ‘Constitutionalism’ and ‘Distributive Justice’. (2020)

⮚ Make an estimate of Aristotle as the father of Political Science. (2014)

● Machiavelli
⮚ Machiavelli’s Philosophy is the product of his time. Discuss with reference to “The Prince” (2015)

⮚ The “Prince” resulted from Machiavelli’s concern with the development and maintenance of
Italian unity. Discuss it. (2021)
⮚ The prince by Machiavelli (2017)

● Hobbes
⮚ Why Hobbes is in favor of Absolute Government ? Give your comments. (2016)

⮚ The Leviathan of Hobbes is the first Democratic attack on Democracy.” Explain the statement
with reference to his theory of absolute sovereignty (2014)

● Locke
⮚ Critically examine the social contract theory. (2017)

⮚ Compare Locke’s view on nature of man with Rousseau’s view on the same. (2016)
● Rousseau
⮚ Rousseau’s theory of ‘General Will’ is the base of true democracy in modern times. Discuss.
(2020)

● Marxism
⮚ Discuss Marxism in terms of: (a) Theory of Surplus Value. (b) Proletarian Dictatorship. (2020)

⮚ Make a critical analysis of Marx’s Dialectical Materialism. (2014)

● Leninism
⮚

● Maoism
⮚ Socialism is basic ideology of Chinese political system. Explain with reference to Monism. (2017)

⮚ Mao’s Philosophy (2021)

Muslim Political Thought

● Al-Farabi
⮚ Explain the concept of Ideal State as presented by Al-Farabi. (2019)

● Al-Mawardi
⮚ Explain the concept of Islamic theology as presented by Al- Mawardi. (2017)

● Al-Ghazali
⮚ Make an estimate of Imam Ghazali’s Theory of Immamate. (2014)

⮚ Give an account of Al-Ghazali’s Theory of Khilafat? (2019)

● Tusi
⮚
● Ibn-E-Khaldoon
⮚ Critically examine the theory of “Rise and Fall of Dynasties” given by Ibe-e-khaldoon. (2016)

⮚ Critically evaluate Ibn-e-Khaldun’s cycle of Rising & Fall of Civilizations. (2021)

● Allama Iqbal
⮚ Iqbal epitomized the phenomenon of ‘Self Actualization’. How far it is relevant for Muslims
in the present age? (2020)
⮚ Dr. Iqbal’s- Mard-i-Momin. (2014)

⮚ Iqbal’s Concept of “Khudi” (2015)

⮚ Discuss Allama Iqbal’s Concept of Self. Does this have similarity with Nietzsche or Goethe?
(2016)
⮚ Discuss the contributions of Allama Muhammad Iqbal as an exponent of the political
philosophy of Islam in the modern age. (2021)

● State and Individual: The Institution of State and its attributes

for human welfare have been highlighted here. 3. Welfare State
Perceptions: Western and Islamic.
⮚ Explain the concept of Modern Welfare State. How far it conforms to the concept of Islamic
Welfare State. (2014) - Functions of Welfare State (2019)
⮚ What are the rights of Minorities in an Islamic state? (2016)

⮚ The rise of modern sovereign state negate the concept of Absolute sovereignty. Discuss (2017)

● Basic Concepts: Sovereignty; Constitutionalism; Power

Distribution; Law; Liberty; Equality; Rights and Duties.
⮚ What are the safeguard of Liberty? Elaborate (2016)

⮚ What is the Islamic concept of Sovereignty? Elucidate. (2015) – Comparison Western & Isl So

⮚ Discuss basic human rights in Islam with reference to the Holy Quran and Hadith-e-Nabwi
(SAW)? (2019) - Right implies duty (2021) - Rule of Law (2016) -
● Modes of Participation: Demands; Decisions; Public Opinion;
Political Parties; Pressure Groups; Representation.
⮚ Pressure groups play a key role in interest articulation a basic function of political system.
Explain. (2019) - Pressure groups have significant role in democratic states. Elaborate your
answer with few examples. (2020)
⮚ Explain different modes of political participation in present democratic states. (2021)

⮚ Define the kinds of Political Party System and Discuss the merits and demerits of the Multi-
party System. (2014)
⮚ Critically examine the role of political parties in Political development. (2017)

⮚ Does mass-media play any role in formation of public opinion? (2015)

⮚ Public Opinion & Propaganda (2016) -Modes of Public Opinion. (2020)

⮚ Proportionate Representation (2016) - Proportional Representation (2019)

⮚ Single-Member & Multi member Constituency (2016)

● Institutions and Leadership: i) Legislature; Executive; Judiciary

ii) Competing Elites: Political; Military; Bureaucratic
⮚ Critically examine the role of the Military in the Political Systems of Third World Countries.
(2021)
⮚ Competing Elite- Political, Military, Bureaucratic (2014)

⮚ What is judicial activism? Discuss its merits and demerits. (2015)

⮚ Charismatic leader has some extra abilities than elite. Discuss. (2017)

⮚ Critically examine the role of bureaucracy in Political System. (2019)

⮚ Existence of an independent Judiciary is essential for political development. What type of

measures can be adopted of the independence of Judiciary in a democratic? (2019)
⮚ Role of Political leadership (2021)

● Forms of Government: Monarchy; Democracy; Dictatorship;

Unitary; Federation; Confederation; Parliamentary; Presidential;
Authoritarian
⮚ Make out a case for Presidential System in Pakistan. Discuss its merits and demerits. (2015)
 ⮚ Discuss Parliamentary and Presidential forms of Government highlighting their merits and
demerits. Which political system suits Pakistan? (2021)
⮚ Define Democracy and Discuss its pre-requisites. (2014)

⮚ Even the worst form of Democracy is better than the best form of dictatorship. Elucidate.
(2015)
⮚ Differentiate between Federation and Confederation. Discuss their merits and demerits.
(2015)
⮚ Differentiate federation from confederation. Is federal system feasible for heterogeneous
states? (2020)
⮚ “King is dead, long live the King”.Explain regarding British monarchy. (2020)

⮚ What are the problems in the Federal System of Pakistan? Elucidate. (2016)

⮚ Authoritarian Political System (2017) - Bicameral legislature (2015) - Monarchy as a form of

government (2017)
Paper 2
COMPARATIVE POLITICS
● Political Systems. Concept of Political System: i) Easton on
Behaviorism ii) Almond on Functionalism
⮚ Discuss Almond’s concept of Political system. (2014)

⮚ Explain in detail characteristics and functions of a political system according to Functionalist

Theory of Almond. (2016)
⮚ What is a political System? Discuss the functions of a political system according to G. Almond.
(2019)
⮚ Explain David Easton’s model of Political System. (2015)

⮚ Critical note on model of political system given by David Easton (2017)

⮚ Critically evaluate behaviorism on the basis of David Easton model of political system (2020)

⮚ Highlight the salient features of Behaviorism given by David Easton. (2021)

⮚ Briefly describe the evolution of different political systems in the world. (2021)

● Developed Political Systems: Main constitutional features of

USA, UK, France and former USSR
⮚ The American President is “always a driver or a brake. He is never a spare wheel”. (2014)

⮚ Compare the Powers of American President with that of British Prime Minister. (2015)

⮚ The American Constitution is a system of Checks and Balances”. Explain and illustrate the
statement. (2016)
⮚ Write down the law-making procedure under the American Constitution. (2019)

⮚ American President can play an effective role in law making. Critically examine law making
process in the US. (2017)
⮚ Procedure of Election of US president (2016)

⮚ Judicial Review in the US. (2021) - Judicial review in USA (2020)

⮚ Council of common interest (2020)

⮚ The most prominent feature of American political system is the “Mechanism of Checks and
Balances”. Explain (2020)
⮚ The House of Lords is not only a second but second but secondary chamber.” Elucidate. (2014)

⮚ How British cabinet overpower the parliament; explain with critical evidences. (2017)

⮚ “The British Prime Minister is a shining moon amongst the stars.” In the light of this statement,
discuss carefully the position and powers of the English Prime Minister. (2019)
⮚ Discuss the utility of the institutions of the monarchy in the British political system (2020)

⮚ The Cabinet has assumed dictatorial powers in the British Political System”. Discuss the
executive and legislative powers of the British Cabinet in light of this statement. (2021)
⮚ Stalin Constitution created “ a democracy in form but not in fact”. (2014)10

⮚ Explain the theoretical foundations of former USSR. (2015)

⮚ Discuss various silent features of Constitution of France. (2016)

⮚ Political Parties in France (2017)

● Developing Political Systems: Main constitutional features of

Turkey, India and China.
⮚ “There is no such thing as Indian Secularism.” Discuss. (2014)

⮚ Powers of Indian Prime Minister (2015) Role of Indian election commission (2017)

⮚ Cultural Revolution of China (2014)

⮚ New Political Trends in China (2015)

⮚ The national people’s Congress is the highest organ of the state authority in the People’s
Republic of China. Discuss. (2016)
⮚ Explain the role of communist party of China (2017)

⮚ Discuss the role of the Chinese Communist Party in the political system of China. (2019)

⮚ Critically analyze the powers and functions of the State Council of China. (2021)

⮚ Current Policy Challenges of China (2016)

⮚ New political trends in PR China (2020)

⮚ Grand National Assembly of Turkey (2014)

⮚ Comment on the legacy of Kamal Attaturk on Turkish Politics. (2015)

⮚ Explain the significance of military in the constitution of Turkey (2017)

⮚ Discuss the fundamental principles of Turkish political system. How these principals are
constitutionally protected? (2020)

● Part B: Pakistan as a Nation-State: Rise of Muslim Nationalism in

South Asia under the dynamic leaderships of Sir Syed Ahmad
Khan, Allama Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah
⮚ Explain the role of the Quaid-i-Azam as a leader and Statesman. (2014)

⮚ Critically evaluate the political services of Quaid-i-Azam for Muslims of the sub-continent. (2016)

⮚ The ambassador of Hindu Muslim unity was Quaid Azam. Discuss the factors responsible for this
change (2020)
⮚ Political service by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan for the Muslims of Sub-continent (2015)

⮚ How far Sir Syed Ahmad Khan succeeded in creating a sense of Nationalism in the Muslims of
India? (2019)
⮚ Critically evaluate the politics of Muslim Nationalism during the period of 1947. (2015)

⮚ Evaluate the role of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in paving the way (2017) Services of SS for Muslim
Nationalism (2020)
● Political System of Pakistan: Comparative and critical analysis of
the Constitutions of 1956, 1962 and 1973 (with amendments)
⮚ Compare and contrast the Islamic provisions of the 1956, 1962 and 1973 constitutions of
Pakistan. (2014)
⮚ Compare the Islamic provisions of 1973 with those of 1956 and 1962 constitution of Pakistan.
(2020)
⮚ Major Problems in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan (2021)

⮚ Discuss the important features of the 1962 Constitution in Pakistan. How did this constitution
strengthen the office of the President? (2021)
⮚ Causes of Failure of 1962 Constitution (2016)

⮚ Discuss the nature of center-province relationship under the constitution of 1973 after the 18 th
amendment. (2015)
⮚ How far 18th amendment affected the power of senate in the 1973 constitution of Pakistan.
(2017)
⮚ Evaluate the concept of Provincial autonomy under 18th amendment.(2020)

⮚ Describe the principles of Policy as enunciated in the 1973 Constitution. (2016)

⮚ Discuss in detail the powers and working of Judiciary under the Constitution of 1971. (2016)

⮚ Evaluate the role of the Judiciary in the constitutional development of Pakistan. (2019)

⮚ Legislative Powers of the President of Pakistan (2016)

⮚ Explain the structure and powers of the Senate in Pakistan. (2021)

⮚ Discuss the structure and powers of the National Assembly in Pakistan. (2019)

⮚ The Election Commission (2021)Separation of Powers (2019) Provincial Chief Minister (2019)

⮚ Describe the organization and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Pakistan under the
Constitution of 1973. (2021)
⮚ Attorney General (2019)