DPP - Daily Practice Problems

Chapter-wise Sheets
Date : Start Time : End Time :

CB32
SYLLABUS : Microbes in human welfare

Max. Marks : 180 Marking Scheme : + 4 for correct & (–1) for incorrect Time : 60 min.

INSTRUCTIONS : This Daily Practice Problem Sheet contains 45 MCQs. For each question only one option is correct.
Darken the correct circle/ bubble in the Response Grid provided on each page.

1. Select the correct statement from the following. 3. Monascus purpureus is a yeast used commercially in the
(a) Biogas is produced by the activity of aerobic bacteria production of :
on animal waste (a) ethanol
(b) Methanobacterium is an aerobic bacterium found in (b) streptokinase for removing clots from the blood vessels.
rumen of cattle
(c) citric acid
(c) Biogas, commonly called gobar gas, is pure methane
(d) blood cholesterol lowering statins
(d) Activated sludge-sediment in settlement tanks of
sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic 4. A common biocontrol agent for the control of plant
bacteria diseases is
2. Which one thing is not true about antibiotics? (a) Baculovirus (b) Bacillus thuringiensis
(a) The term “antibiotic” was coined by Selman Waksman (c) Glomus (d) Trichoderma
in 1942 5. Continuous addition of sugars in ‘fed batch’ fermentation
(b) First antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Flemming is done to:
(c) Each antibiotic is effective only against one particular (a) produce methane (b) obtain antibiotics
kind of germ (c) purify enzymes (d) degrade sewage
(d) Some persons can be allergic to a particular antibiotic
RESPONSE GRID 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Space for Rough Work
B-126 DPP/ CB32
6. Streptomycin is obtained from 13. What is mode of bacterial resistance against antibiotics ?
(a) Streptomyces griseus (a) Development of thick mucilaginous layer
(b) S. aureofaciens (b) Alteration of cell membrane
(c) S. venezuelae (c) Mutation in bacteria
(d) S. ramosus (d) All the above
14. Which one of the following is a wrong matching of a microbe
7. For biogas production besides dung an extensive use of
and its industrial product, while the remaining three are
which weed is recommended in our country–
correct ?
(a) Mangifera indica
(a) Yeast - statins
(b) Hydrilla (b) Acetobacter aceti - acetic acid
(c) Eicchornia crassipes (c) Clostridium butylicum - lactic acid
(d) Solanum (d) Aspergillus niger - citric acid
8. Chloramphenicol and erythromycin (broad spectrum 15. During anaerobic digestion of organic waste, such as in
antibiotics) are produced by producing biogas, which one of the following is left
(a) Streptomyces (b) Nitrobacter undegraded ?
(c) Rhizobium (d) Penicillium (a) Lipids (b) Lignin
9. Which one of the microorganism is used for production of (c) Hemi-cellulose (d) Cellulose
citric acid in industries ? 16. Rennin used in cheese industry is –
(a) Lactobacillus bulgaricus (a) Antibiotic (b) Enzyme
(b) Penicillium citrinum (c) Alkaloid (d) Inhibitor
17. Vitamin B12 is formed during fermentation of
(c) Aspergillus niger
(a) Ashloya gossipii
(d) Rhizopus nigricans
(b) Rhizopus stalonifer
10. A genetically engineered bacteria used for clearing oil spills (c) Propionibacteria
is : (d) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(a) Escherichia coli 18. The term "antibiotic" was coined by –
(b) Bacillus subtilis (a) Edward Jenner (b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Agrobacterium tumifaciens (c) Selman Waksman (d) Alexander Flemming
(d) Pseudomonas putida 19. Which one of the following micro-organisms is used for
11. Human insulin is being commercially produced from a production of citric acid in industries?
transgenic species of (a) Penicillium citrinum
(a) Escherichia (b) Mycobacterium (b) Aspergillus niger
(c) Rhizobium (d) Saccharomyces (c) Rhizopus nigricans
12. Which one of the following is not used in organic farming? (d) Lactobacillus bulgaris
20. Streptokinase which is used as a ‘clot buster’ obtained from
(a) Glomus (b) Earthworm
(a) Streptococcus (b) Staphylococcus
(c) Oscillatoria (d) Snail
(c) Lactobacillus (d) Saccharomyces
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
RESPONSE
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
GRID
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
Space for Rough Work
DPP/ CB32 B-127

21. Baculoviruses are excellent candidates for (c) reduce sedimentation

(a) species-specific narrow spectrum pesticidal applications. (d) increase sedimentation
(b) species-specific broad spectr um pesticidal 29. These bacteria grow anaerobically on cellulosic material,
applications. produce large amount of methane along with CO2 and H2,
(c) species-specific narrow spectrum insecticidal and are collectively called as methanogen. Examples of
applications. such bacteria are
(d) species-specific broad spectrum insecticidal applications. (a) Methanobacterium
22. Farmers have reported over 50% higher yields of rice by (b) Methanobrevibacter
using the biofertilizer (c) Methanococcus
(a) Azolla pinnata (d) All of these
(b) Cyanobacteria 30. Biogas is produced by
(c) Legume-Rhizobium symbiosis (a) aerobic breakdown of biomass
(d) Mycorrhiza (b) anaerobic breakdown of biomass
23. Microbes are present in (c) with the help of methanogenic bacteria
(a) soil (b) thermal vents (d) both (b) and (c)
(c) polluted water (d) all of these 31. Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct
24. Which of the following microbes is a proteinacious answer from the codes given below.
infectious agent? Column-I Column-II
(a) Fungi (b) Prions A. Trichoderma (I) Nitrification
(c) Bacteria (d) Protozoa B. Streptomyces (II) Biocontrol agent
25. Probiotics are C. Nitrosomonas (III) Lactic acid
(a) cancer inducing microbes D. Lactobacillus (IV) Source of antibiotic
(b) new kind of food allergens (a) A-(II), B-(III), C-(IV), D-(I)
(c) live microbial food supplement (b) A-(II), B-(IV), C-(I), D-(III)
(d) safe antibiotics (c) A-(III), B-(I), C-(II), D-(IV)
26. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a yeast commercially used in (d) A-(IV), B-(II), C-(I), D-(III)
(a) citric acid 32. Organic farming does not include
(b) ethanol (a) green manures (b) chemical fertilizers
(c) baking (c) farmyard manures (d) compost
(d) streptokinase for removing clots from blood vessels 33. The symbiotic association between fungi and roots of
27. The masses of bacteria held together by slime and fungal higher plants is referred to as
filaments to form mesh like structures are called as (a) lichen (b) Mycorrhiza
(a) primary sludge (b) flocs (c) biofertilizer (d) biocontrol agent
(c) activated sludge (d) anaerobic sludge 34. Which of the following options includes biofertilizers?
28. The purpose of biological treatment of waste water is to (a) Cowdung manure and farmyard waste
(a) reduce BOD (b) A quick growing crop ploughed back into the field
(b) increase BOD (c) Nostoc, Oscillatoria
(d) All of these
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
RESPONSE
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
GRID
31. 32. 33. 34.
Space for Rough Work
B-128 DPP/ CB32
35. Yeast Saccharomyces cervisiae is used in the industrial 43. The diagram below shows a typical biogas plant. With few
production of structure labelled as A, B and C. Identify A, B and C.
(a) butanol (b) citric acid
(c) tetracycline (d) ethanol
36. In cheese manufacture, the micro-organisms are used for
(a) the souring of milk only
(b) the ripening only
(c) development of resistance to spoilage
(d) Both (a) and (b) (a) A – Sludge, B – Methane, Oxygen, C – Dung, water
37. Brewer’s yeast lack (b) A – Sludge, B – Methane, Carbon dioxide, C– Dung,
(a) diastase and amylase (b) amylase only water
(c) diastase only (d) maltose (c) A – Sludge, B – Ethylin, Carbon dioxide, C – Dung,
38. Baggasse is related to the manufacture of water
(a) cinchonidine (b) cellulose materials (d) A – Sludge, B – Methane, Carbon dioxide, C – Sewage
(c) resin (d) cane sugar 44. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option
39. Which of the following bacteria is used for the production Column-I Column-II
of butanol and acetone from starch ? A. Statins I. Yeast
(a) Lactobacillus bulgaricus B. Ethanol II. Blood-cholesterol
(b) Clostridium acetobutylicum lowering agent
(c) Streptococcum thermophilus C. Dung III. Insect-resistant plant
(d) Both (a) and (c) D. Bt-cotton IV. Biogas
40. Which bacterium helps in the production of ‘Swiss cheese’? (a) A-II; B-I; C-IV; D-III
(a) Propionibacterium sharmanii (b) A-III; B-IV; C-I; D-II
(b) Trichoderma polysporum (c) A-I; B-II; C-III; D-IV
(c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (d) A-IV; B- II; C-I; D-III
(d) Aspergillus niger 45. Which one of the following statement regarding BOD is
41. Statins, a bioactive molecule, inhibiting the enzyme respon- true?
sible for synthesis of (a) The greater the BOD of waste water, more is its polluting
(a) carbohydrate (b) protein potential.
(c) vitamins (d) cholestrol (b) The greater the BOD of waste water, less is its polluting
42. Gallic acid is obtained from potential.
(a) Pseudomonas species (c) The lesser the BOD of waste water, more is its polluting
potential.
(b) Penicillium purpurogenum
(d) The lesser the BOD of waste water, less is its
(c) Aspergillus niger
polluting potential.
(d) Streptomyces species

35. 36. 37. 38. 39.

RESPONSE
40. 41. 42. 43. 44.
GRID
45.
Space for Rough Work
Space for Rough Work

DAILY PRACTICE PROBLEM DPP CHAPTERWISE 32 - BIOLOGY

Total Questions 45 Total Marks 180
Attempted Correct
Incorrect Net Score
Cut-off Score 45 Qualifying Score 60
Success Gap = Net Score – Qualifying Score
Net Score = (Correct × 4) – (Incorrect × 1)
 HINTS & SOLUTIONS

DPP /CB32
1. (d) Activated sludge is a process for treating sewage and 25. (c) Probiotics are live microgranisms (bacteria in most cases)
industrial wastewaters using air and a biological floc that are similar to beheficial micriorganisms found in the
composed of bacteria and protozoans. During the process, human gut. They are also called "friendly bacteria" or " good
the primary effluent is taken to aeration tank that contain bacteria". Probiotic microorganisms consist mostly of strains
large number of aerobic heterotrophic microbes. They form of Lactobacillius, Bifidobcterium and Streptococcus.
flocs that digest a lot of organic matter. As the biological Probiotics are taken as food supplement and energy drinks
oxygen demand of waste water is reduced, it is passed into (e.g. Yakult).
settling tank to undergo sedimentation. The sediment of the 26. (c)
settling tank is called activated sludge that is a rich source of 27. (b) Flocs are masses of bacteria held together by slime and fun-
aerobic bacteria. Hence, the statement (d) is correct. gal filaments to form mesh like structures.
Biogas is produced by anaerobic breakdown of biomass with 28. (a) Secondary treatment of sewage (or biological treatment) de-
the help of methanogenic bacteria. It is made up of methane, pletes 90-95% of the BOD and many pathogens are removed.
carbon dioxide with traces of nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide Reduction of BOD by 90% is achieved through mineraliza-
and hydrogen. tion of small fraction of organic matter and conversion of
Methanobacterium is an anaerobic bacterium that is found in large proportion to removable solids.
rumen of cattle and is helpful in the breakdown of cellulose. 29. (d) Methanogens are microorganisms that produce methane as a
2. (c) ‘Each antibiotic is effective only against one particular kind metabolic byproduct in anoxic condition. They include
of germ’ is not correct. Methanobcterium, Methanobrevibacter and Methanococcus.
3. (d) Monascus purpureus is a yeast used in the production of 30. (d) 31. (b)
statins which are used in lowering blood cholestrol. 32. (b) Organic farming includes serval methods to enhance soil fer-
4. (d) A common biocontrol agent for control of plant diseases is tility. In such farming, methods of biological origin are used
Trichoderma. Trichoderma is a tree living fungus that exerts e.g., biopesticides biofertilizers, IPM (Integrated Pest Man-
biocontrol over several plant pathogens for the control of agement) green manure, bioherbicides etc. Chemical fertiliz-
plant diseases. It is the natural method of pest and pathogen ers are not used in organic farming.
control. 33. (b)
5. (c) A fed batch is a biotechnological batch process which is 34. (c) Oscillatoria and Nostoc are nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria.
based on feeding of a growth limiting nutrient substrate to They add orgnaic matter as well as extra nitrogen to the soil.
culture. It is done for purifying enzymes. Cyanobacteria are very important and low-cost biofertilizers.
6. (a) 2100 antibiotics have been reported so far from actinomycetes 35. (d) Commercial ethanol or ethyl alcohol is produced by yeast
alone. Of these maximum antibiotics have been reported from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
streptomyces alone. Waksman isolated streptomycin from 36. (d) Lactic acid bacteria help in souring milk. Ripening of cheese
Streptomyces griseus. is done by bacteria (Propionibacterium shermanii) or moulds
7. (c) 8. (a) (Penicillium roqueforti).
9. (c) Aspergillus niger is used for production of citric acid in 37. (a) Brewer’s yeast lack sufficient diastase and amylase therefore
industries. if complex carbohydrates have to be acted upon by them,
10. (d) 1% malt or inoculation with fungus like Rhizopus is done to
11. (a) Human insulin is being commercially produced from a degrade sugars.
transgenic species of Escherichia coli. E. coli is a bacterium 38. (b) Baggasse is crushed sugarcane from which sugar has been
that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm extracted. It is used for fuel in sugar refineries and in making
blooded animals. The bacteria can also be grown easily and of fibre board.
its genetics are comparatively simple and easily manipulated, 39. (b) The bacteria Clostridium acetobutylicum is used to produce
making it one of the best studied prokaryotic model butanol and acetone from starch. This bacteria was first used
organisms, and an important species in biotechnology. by Chaim Weizmann in 1920.
12. (d) Organic farming involves use of organic wastes and other 40. (a) 41. (d)
biological material along with beneficial microbes to release 42. (c) Aspergillus niger is related with production of gallic acid.
nutrients to crop to increase the soil fertility in an ecofriendly, 43. (b) The label A represents sludge, label B represents methane
and pollution free environment. Glomus, earthworm and and carbon dioxide, and the label C represents dung and
Oscillatoria can be used in organic farming while snail cannot. water.
13. (d) 44. (a)
14. (c) Clostridium butylicum industrially produces butyric acid. 45. (a) BOD is the method of determining the amount of oxygen
15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (c) required by microorganisms to decompose the waste
19. (b) 20. (a) 21. (c) present in the water supply. It is a measure of organic
22. (a) Farmers have reported over 50% higher yields of rice by matter present in the water. If the quantity of organic
using the biofertilizer Azolla pinnata. wastes in the water supply is high then the number of
23. (d) Microbes are omnipresent, found in soil, water, air, ice, iside decomposing bacteria present in the water will also be
bodies of human beings, animals and plants. Some are found high. As a result, BOD value will increase.
in hot springs (upto 80°–100°C) and even in geysers (ther-
mal vents).
24. (b) Prions are highly resistant glycoportein particles which func-
tion as infectious agents. Prions can also act as catalyst con-
verting nomal protein into prion state. Prions are not af-
fected by proteases, nucleases, temperature upto 800°C,
UV radiations and formaldehyde.