Scribd
Upload
6 views4 pages

CEP

The document outlines the design of an embedded system for automated 50kg sugar bagging, detailing system requirements, inputs and outputs, and the workflow for bag filling. It includes an algorithm for operation, code implementation using Arduino, and voltage considerations for sensors and actuators. The system emphasizes safety features like emergency stops and vibration detection, ensuring efficient and precise bag filling.

Uploaded by

anum.shahzad1000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views4 pages

CEP

The document outlines the design of an embedded system for automated 50kg sugar bagging, detailing system requirements, inputs and outputs, and the workflow for bag filling. It includes an algorithm for operation, code implementation using Arduino, and voltage considerations for sensors and actuators. The system emphasizes safety features like emergency stops and vibration detection, ensuring efficient and precise bag filling.

Uploaded by

anum.shahzad1000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

COMPLEX ENGINEERING PROBLEM

Embedded System Design for Automated Sugar Bagging (50 kg)

1. System Requirements Analysis

Detect bag placement using a limit switch

Secure the bag using a pneumatic gripper

Fill exactly 50kg using a load cell

Control material flow using main gate & dribble gate

Stop operation in case of emergency or vibration

2. Inputs and Outputs

Inputs (Sensors & Switches)


o LIMIT_SWITCH → Detects bag placement
o BAG_SENSOR → Confirms bag is held
o LOAD_CELL → Measures weight
o EMERGENCY_STOP → Stops process
o VIBRATION_SENSOR → Detects disturbances
Outputs (Actuators)
o GRIPPER → Controls bag holding
o MAIN_GATE → Fast filling gate
o DRIBBLE_GATE → Fine filling gate

3. Sensor-Actuator Interlinking & Workflow


Bag placed → LIMIT_SWITCH triggers gripper
Bag secured → Basket opens (main gate)
Weight reaches ~49.9kg → Main gate closes
Dribble gate opens → Precise 50kg filling
Weight reached → Dribble gate closes
Bag released → Process resets
6. Algorithm for 50kg Bag Filling System
1. Initialize System – Set up sensors (limit switch, bag sensor, load cell, emergency
stop, vibration sensor) and actuators (gripper, main gate, dribble gate).
2. Bag Placement & Grip – Wait for the limit switch to activate, then engage
the gripper to hold the bag.
3. Filling Process
o Fast Filling: Open the main gate until ~49.9kg is reached.
o Fine Filling: Open the dribble gate to reach exactly 50kg, then close both gates.
4. Bag Release – Deactivate the gripper and reset the system.
5. Emergency Handling – Stop all operations if emergency stop is pressed
or vibration is detected.
6. Repeat Cycle – Wait for the next bag and restart the process.

5. Code Implementation (Arduino)


#include "HX711.h"

#define LIMIT_SWITCH 2
#define BAG_SENSOR 3
#define EMERGENCY_STOP 7
#define VIBRATION_SENSOR 8
#define MAIN_GATE 4
#define DRIBBLE_GATE 5
#define GRIPPER 6

HX711 loadCell;

void setup() {
pinMode(LIMIT_SWITCH, INPUT);
pinMode(BAG_SENSOR, INPUT);
pinMode(EMERGENCY_STOP, INPUT);
pinMode(VIBRATION_SENSOR, INPUT);

pinMode(GRIPPER, OUTPUT);
pinMode(MAIN_GATE, OUTPUT);
pinMode(DRIBBLE_GATE, OUTPUT);

loadCell.begin(A0, A1);
}

void loop() {
if (digitalRead(EMERGENCY_STOP) == HIGH || digitalRead(VIBRATION_SENSOR)
= HIGH) { stopProcess();

if (digitalRead(LIMIT_SWITCH) == HIGH)
{ digitalWrite(GRIPPER, HIGH); delay(500);
if (digitalRead(BAG_SENSOR) == HIGH) {
digitalWrite(MAIN_GATE, HIGH);
while (loadCell.get_units() < 49.9) {}

digitalWrite(MAIN_GATE, LOW);
delay(2000);
digitalWrite(DRIBBLE_GATE, HIGH);

while (loadCell.get_units() < 50.0) {}


digitalWrite(DRIBBLE_GATE, LOW);
digitalWrite(GRIPPER, LOW);
}
}
}

void stopProcess() {
digitalWrite(GRIPPER, LOW);
digitalWrite(MAIN_GATE, LOW);
digitalWrite(DRIBBLE_GATE, LOW);
while (true); // Halt system
}

6. Voltage Considerations

Sensors & Switches (Inputs)


o Limit Switch, Bag Sensor, Emergency Stop, Vibration Sensor →
Typically operate at 5V (logic HIGH)
o Load Cell (HX711) → Uses 5V power, but communicates via a low-
voltage digital interface
Actuators (Outputs)
o Gripper (Pneumatic solenoid) → Requires 12V or 24V, controlled
via a relay or MOSFET
o Main Gate & Dribble Gate (Pneumatic cylinders) → Typically 24V
solenoids, need relay drivers
Microcontroller (Arduino or PLC)
o Operates at 5V logic, relays/MOSFETs used for higher voltage components
o Power source must be stable to prevent signal fluctuations
affecting load cell readings

Conclusion
This optimized embedded system automates 50kg bag filling with sensor-based accuracy and
actuator control. The emergency stop and vibration detection ensure safety, while dribble gate
fine-tuning enhances precision. The solution is efficient, reliable, and industry-ready.

You might also like