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Windows

The document describes the primary functions and components of windows, including the frame and sash. It outlines various types of windows such as fixed, sliding, casement, pivoting, awning, and hopper windows, detailing their characteristics and mechanisms. Each type serves different purposes for ventilation and light entry in buildings.

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mmushroomkindom
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Windows

The document describes the primary functions and components of windows, including the frame and sash. It outlines various types of windows such as fixed, sliding, casement, pivoting, awning, and hopper windows, detailing their characteristics and mechanisms. Each type serves different purposes for ventilation and light entry in buildings.

Uploaded by

mmushroomkindom
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The primary function of a window is to permit air and light into a room, and to allow an exterior

view from the building. Windows also increases the appearance of the building. The term
window refers to the entire unit which consists of both the frame and the sash.

Frame
A window frame is the framework that surrounds and supports the entire window system. It is
comprised of the head, jamb and sill.
Head
The head is the main horizontal part forming
the top of the window frame.
Jambs
Jambs are the main vertical parts forming the
sides of a window frame.
Sill
A sill is the main horizontal part forming the
bottom of the frame of a window.
Sash
A window sash fits inside the frame to hold the glass.
Sashes also push the window up or down, left or right or allows it to swing or pivot. It comprises
stiles (vertical part) and rails (horizontal piece) that house the glass.

Types of Windows
1. Fixed Windows - These windows are anchored to the wall and
cannot be opened or closed, but the light can be easily
transferred into the room through completely glazed sash
attached to the window frame.

2. Sliding Windows - The window sashes of this type are


moveable within the frame. Depending on what’s
needed, the movement could be horizontal or vertical. Also
known as horizontal sliding and vertical sliding.
Vertical sliding windows can be categorized into double hung and single hung.

• A double-hung window, also commonly referred to


as a double-sash window. It is a type of window
that has two operable sashes that slide up and
down, the top sash and the bottom sash. They are
both able to open to provide ventilation.

• A single-hung window, also known as a single-sash


window, is a type of window with a lower, operable
sash and an upper, fixed sash. This means that the
bottom part of the window slides up and down,
while the top part remains stationary. Single-hung
windows provide ventilation through the bottom
sash.

3. Casement - A casement window is a window that has a hinge


on one side, allowing it to open in an outward direction for
ventilation. It is different from a sliding window in that it is
attached to the window frame and swings open. The
following types of windows can be considered as types of
casement windows.

4. Pivoting - A pivoting window is essentially a casement window with another opening


mechanism. Here, the sash/casement is not side hung on hinges like a door. Instead, it
pivots from the middle either vertically or horizontally from hinges mounted in the
center of the frame.

5. Awning - A type of window that is hinged at the top and opens


outward. They are a popular choice for homeowners looking
to add ventilation and natural light to their homes.
6. Hopper - Hopper windows are typically a small, narrow window
that opens from the top. This type of window opens downward
and inward and is commonly installed as a bathroom or
basement window along with casement windows. They are
usually found in pairs on either side of a door or along the
bottom of casement windows.

PLAN ELEVATION PICTORIAL

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