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Measurement

The document provides a comprehensive overview of measurements in geometry, including linear measures, angle measures, and area calculations for various geometric figures. It covers basic units of measurement in both English and metric systems, conversion factors, and formulas for calculating perimeter, circumference, and area of closed figures. Additionally, it includes examples and problems to illustrate the concepts discussed.

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Domingo III Benjamin
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2 views

Measurement

The document provides a comprehensive overview of measurements in geometry, including linear measures, angle measures, and area calculations for various geometric figures. It covers basic units of measurement in both English and metric systems, conversion factors, and formulas for calculating perimeter, circumference, and area of closed figures. Additionally, it includes examples and problems to illustrate the concepts discussed.

Uploaded by

Domingo III Benjamin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEOMETRY

PNPACAT REVIEW
(Session 2)
Measurements
● Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to
compare with other objects or events.
● Measurement is a process of determining how large or small a physical quantity is as
compared to a basic reference quantity of the same kind.
● In Geometry, the commonly used measurements are linear measures specifically refers to the
distance between two given points aligned in straight or curved line.
● Measurement in Geometry includes:
○ lengths, height, and with of geometric figures
○ perimeter of polygons, circumference of circle, and area of 2 dimensional figures
○ Volume of three dimensional figures
Linear Units
● Basic units of linear measure in the English system (inches, feet, yards, miles)
● Basic units of linear measure in the metric system (meters, centimeters, millimeters, kilometers)

Basic Conversion Factors of Linear Units


Example: Convert the following:
(a) 2.5 km to m

(b) 56120 m to km

(c) 12 km to ft

(d) 4 yd to cm

(e) 5’5”
Angle Measure and Angle Units
Angles can always be found in any geometric shapes.

It is the figure formed when two lines meet at a common point.

An angle can be measured using a protractor, precisely. An angle is measured in


degrees, hence its called 'degree measure'. One complete revolution is equal to
360 degrees, hence it is divided into 360 parts. Each part of the revolution is a
degree.
Reference: https://thirdspacelearning.com/us/math-resources/topic-guides/geometry/measuring-angles/
Degree Measure vs. Radian Measure
Angle measures can also be expressed in radian measure.

A radian measure is the measure of an angle when 1 unit of arc length of a circle
is subtended by central angle formed by the radii of 1 unit in length.

Conversion factor:

1 radian (rad) = 57.3°

𝜋 rad = 180°
Example: Convert the following:
(a) 30° to radian

(b) 120° to radian

(c) 3𝜋/3 to degrees

(d) 2𝜋 to degrees

(e) 3 radians to degrees


Metric Prefixes for SI Units
1 decimeter (dm) = 1/10 m = 0.1 m

20 cm = 20/100 m = 0.2 m

50 mm = 50/1000 m = 0.05 m

250 µm = 250/1,000,000 = 0.00025 m

2 dekameter = 2 x 10 m = 20 m

2 hectometer = 2 x 100 m = 200 m

25 km = 25 x 1000 m = 25000 m
Perimeter and Circumference
Perimeter is the total distance around a polygon. It can be obtained by adding the lengths
of all sides of a polygon.

Circumference is the total distance around a circle or ellipse.


Formula: Perimeter and Circumference
Perimeter is the total distance around a polygon. It can be obtained by adding the lengths of all sides of a polygon.

Circumference is the total distance around a circle or ellipse.


Example:
1) The perimeter of an isosceles triangle 95 mm. What is the length of its base if
each congruent side measures 27 mm?

A. 34 mm B. 38 mm C. 41 mm D. 68 mm

2) A larger square figure is made up of 9 small congruent squares. If the total


perimeter of the 9 smaller squares is 108 mm, what is the perimeter of the
larger square?

A. 12 mm B. 24 mm C. 36 mm D. 42 mm
Example:
3) The width of a rectangular carpet is 4 feet less than its length. What is the
length if the perimeter is 72 feet?

A. 12 ft B. 16 ft C. 18 ft D. 20 ft

4) The lengths of the sides of a pentagon are consecutive integers. What is the
length of the largest side if its perimeter is 35 inches?

A. 6 in B. 7 in C. 8 in D. 9 in
Example:
5) The lengths of the sides of a quadrilateral is in the ratio 1:2:2:3. What is the
shortest side if its perimeter is 400 mm?

A. 50 mm B. 45 mm C. 30 mm D. 25 mm

6) The radius of a semicircular terrace is 3 feet. What is its perimeter?

A. 12.45 ft B. 14.52 ft C. 15.42 ft D. 21.54 ft


Area of Closed Figure (Shape)
● A closed shape can be described as a shape enclosed by a figure whose line segments
and/or curves are connected in geometry. Closed figures have a continuous path that is
connected by the line segments or curves.
● The starting point of the closed figures coincides with the endpoint. Thus, the closed figures
start and end at the same point.
● In geometry, we have different types of closed figures, such as triangles, circles,
quadrilaterals (square, rectangle, trapezium, parallelogram, rhombus and kite), pentagons,
hexagons etc.
● The below figures shown are examples of the closed figures.
Area of Closed Figure (Shape)
● The area of a closed figure refers to the measure of the region bounded by
the closed figure in a plane.
● The units of area are expressed as square units such as square inch, square
foot, square meter, square miles, etc.
Area of a Circle
Area of Triangle
Quadrilaterals
Formula of Area of Quadrilaterals
Area of Regular Polygon with n sides
The perimeter of a regular polygon is equal
to the product of its side (s) and the number
of sides (n) of the polygon. Thus, P = n x s

The apothem of the regular polygon is the


perpendicular distance from the center of the
polygon to any of its sides.
Area of Irregular Polygons
Area of irregular polygons can be computed by dissecting the irregular shape into
several basic polygons, then compute the area of each basic shape and add them
together to get the area of the irregular shape.
Examples:
(1) The sides of a triangle are 3 inches, 4 inches and 5 inches. Calculate the area.

(2) The bases of a trapezoid are side 4 cm. and 6 cm. and its altitude is 9 cm.
Find the area.

(3) How long is the length of each side and the length of each diagonal of a
square with an area of a square is 64 square centimeters?

(4) The length of each side of a regular hexagon is 3 inches. Find its area.

(5) How many square tiles 10 cm by 10 cm are needed for a bathroom whose
dimension is 8 m by 10 m?
THANK YOU!!!

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