Punjab geography

General Knowledge: 10%

• General Understanding of Geography of Punjab

• (location and boundaries, topography and physical features, climate and
weather patterns, soil and vegetation, agriculture and natural resources,
demographic and economic features and environmental issues).
• Important places, important personalities, pre-partition and post-partition
history
• 80 Top and Best Attractions of Punjab – Pakistan
• 37- Tomb of Heer Ranjha
• 38- Shrine of Sultan Bahu
• 39- Shalamar Garden
• 40- Lahore Fort
• 41- Badshahi Mosque
• 42- Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
• 43- Gurudwara Guru Ramdas
• 21- Katas Raj Temple
• 22- Chakwal Canyons
• 23- Tilla Jogian
• 24- Rohtas Fort
• 25- Kotli Sattian Town
• 26- Sher Shah Suri Mosque
• 27- Citrus / Orange Fields
• 28- Chiniot
• 29- Clock Tower Faisalabad
• 30- Gurudwara Sacha Sauda
• 31- Hiran Minar
• 32- Gurudwara Chakki Sahib
• 33- Gurudwara Rori Sahib
• 34- Iqbal House
• 35- Gurudwara Kartarpur Sahib
• 36- Ancient Temple of Sialkot
• 44- Minar-e-Pakistan
• 45- Sightseeing Bus Lahore
• 46- Wagha Border Lahore
• 47- TDCP Resort Nankana Sahib
• 48- Gurdwara Janam Asthan
• 49-Ganda Sighwala Border
• 50- Changa Manga Forest
• 51- TDCP Resort Changa Manga
• 52- Bhumman Shah Okara
• 53- Bullay Shah Shrine
• 54- Shrine of Baba Farid Gunj
• 55- Harrappa Ruins
• 56- Church in Multan
• 57- Shrine of Shah Rukn e Alam
• 58- Old Fort Multan
• 59- Clock Tower Multan
• 60- Sutlej River Bridge
• 61- Central Library Bahawalpur
• 62- Darbar Mahal
• 63- Gulzar Mahal
• 64- Noor Mahal
• 65- Uch Sharif
• 66- Lal Suhanra Park
• 67- Sightseeing Bus Bahawalpur
• 68- Sadiq Garh Mahal
• 69- Derawer Fort
• 70- Jeep Rally in Cholistan
• 71- Cholistan Desert
• 72- Pattan Minara
• 73- Bhong Mosque, Bhong
• 74- Panjnad
• 75- Tomb of Ghazi Khan
• 76- Fort Munro Steel Bridges
• 77- Sakhi Sarwar
• 78- Fort Munro & TDCP Resort
• 79- Hikbai Top
• 80- Crops of Layyah
• 1- GPO Murree
• 2- Murree Safari Train
• 3- Patriata Chairlift & Cable Car
• 4- TDCP Khajut Resort, Murree
• 5- Neela Sand, Kotli Sattian
• 6- Sangni Fort Rawalpindi
• 7- Railway Station Golhra Sharif
• 8- Attock Bridge
• 9- Attock Fort
• 10- Taxila Stupa
• 11- Panja Sahib Hasan abdal
• 12- TDCP Resort Kallar kahar
• 13- Namal University Mianwali
• 14- Namal Lake
• 15- Nawab of Kala bagh House
• 16- Kala Bagh dam
• 17- Swaik Lake, Chakwal
• 18- Uchali Lake – Khushab
• 19- Amb Sharif khushab
• 20- Khewra Salt Mine
 Location and Boundaries

• Punjab is located in Northeastern Pakistan.

• Border line between Indian Punjab and Pakistani Punjab is Redcliff line
drawn on 17 Aug, 1947.
 Here are the main border crossing points
between Punjab, Pakistan, and India:1
• Wagah-Attari Border Crossing:
• Located near Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, and Amritsar, Punjab, India. This is
the most famous and frequently used border crossing.
• 2. Kartarpur Corridor: A visa-free border crossing that allows Indian
pilgrims to visit the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Kartarpur, Narowal District,
Punjab, Pakistan.
 Here are the borders of Punjab, Pakistan with
other provinces
• 1.Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP): Punjab shares a border with KP to the northwest,
specifically with the districts of Peshawar, Nowshera, and Kohat.
• 2. Sindh: Punjab shares a border with Sindh to the south, specifically with the
districts of Sukkur, Ghotki, and Kashmore.
• 3. Balochistan: Punjab shares a border with Balochistan to the southwest,
specifically with the districts of Dera Bugti, Kohlu, and Barkhan.
• 4. Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK): Punjab shares a border with AJK to the
northeast, specifically with the districts of Poonch and Kotli.
• 5. Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT): Punjab shares a border with ICT to the north.
• Other border points include:- Hussainiwala Border Crossing (Ferozepur
district, India, and Kasur district, Pakistan)-
• Sulemanki Border Crossing (Ferozepur district, India, and Okara district,
Pakistan)
• Chak Ameer Shah Border Crossing (Faisalabad district, Pakistan, and
Ferozepur district, India)
 Boundaries:

• East: India (states of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan).

• West: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Islamabad.
• North: Azad Jammu and Kashmir.
• South: Sindh and Baluchistan.
• Coordinates: 30° N latitude, 71° E longitude.
 Punjab, Pakistan has a diverse topography,
which can be divided into several regions
• 1. Plains
• The Indo-Gangetic Plain covers most of Punjab, with the five rivers (Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi,
Beas, and Sutlej) flowing through it. This region is fertile and suitable for agriculture.
• 2. Hills
• The Pothohar Plateau, also known as the Pothwar Plateau, is a hilly region in the north of
Punjab. It includes the cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
• 3. Mountains
• The Salt Range mountains are located in the north of Punjab, with peaks reaching up to
5,000 feet (1,524 meters). The highest point in Punjab is the Sakaser peak, which is
approximately 4,992 feet (1,522 meters) above sea level.
• 4. Deserts
• The Cholistan Desert, also known as the Rohi Desert, is a arid region in the south of Punjab. It
covers an area of approximately 2,600 square miles (6,700 square kilometers)
• 5. Rivers
• Punjab has five major rivers: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej. These rivers play a vital role
in the province's agriculture and economy Climate Punjab has a subtropical climate, with hot
summers and mild winters. The temperature varies greatly between summer and winter, with
temperatures often reaching 45°C (113°F) in summer and dropping to 2°C (36°F) in winter.
• Natural Resources
• Punjab is rich in natural resources, including fertile soil, water resources, and minerals like coal,
iron, and salt.
• Punjab’s land is flat and fertile, formed by the Indus River System.
• Rivers:
• Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej (tributaries of the Indus).
• Largest river of Punjab: Sutlej river 1450km (enters into Pakistan from Qasoor)
• River Ravi: Enters from Kartar pur into Lahore, 715km length (smallest river of
Punjab). Sahiwal (Harrapa civilization) and Lahore are located on the bank of river
Ravi.
• River Chenab enters into Pakistan from Sialkoot.
• River Jhelum enters from Indian Occupied Kashmir to Pakistani Kashmir through
Jhelum route. Gives its water to river Chenab (In Jhang region at Ahmad pur Sial).
• River Chenab carrying the water of Ravi and Jhelum meets with water of River Sutlej in
Muzafargarh region at Ali Pur Tehsil (Head Panjnad). Head Panjnad is formed which
extends 70km forward.
• Indus River falls into Head Panjnad at Kot Mithan point.

• Note: Indus is not the river of Punjab. It only passes through it.
 Plateaus and Mountains:
• Pothohar Plateau (Northwest Punjab, includes Rawalpindi, Jhelum).
• Salt Range: Largest Mountain range of Punjab between Indus and
Jhelum River (Runs through Chakwal, Jhelum, and Attock). Highest peak of
salt range is Sakesar (1525 meter) in Khushab district, Soun valley. Khewra
salt mines (2nd largest in the world which was discovered in 326 BC when
Sikanadr-e-Azam came) is also in this range. Katas Raj temple (Chakwal): In
salt range.
• Sulaiman Range (Southwest border with Baluchistan).
 Lakes in Punjab
https://beautyofpakistan.com/ten-top-
lakes/punjab
• - Uchalli Lake: Located in the Soon Valley, Khushab district, this is the largest saltwater lake in Punjab ¹.-
• Jahlar Lake: Also situated in the Soon Valley, Khushab district, this lake is known for its serene atmosphere
and acidic water ¹.-
• Khabbaki Lake: Located near Khabbaki village, Khushab district, this lake offers boating and swimming
opportunities ¹.-
• Swaik Lake: Situated in Kallar Kahar, Chakwal district, this lake is also known as Khandowa Lake and is
accessible via the Lahore-Islamabad Motorway ¹.-
• Dames Lake: Located in Fort Munro, Dera Ghazi Khan district, this lake is surrounded by lush green terrain
and offers a cool atmosphere ¹.-
• Nammal Lake: Situated in central Punjab, this lake is an important water source for the surrounding area ¹
 Deserts:
• Thal Desert (Between Jhelum and Indus Rivers). Runs through
Muzafargarh, Bhakkar, Liyyah, and Mianwali.
• Cholistan Desert also called Rohi desert (South Punjab including
Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar khan, extends into India’s Rajasthan desert). Second
largest desert of Pakistan. Derawar fort is in Cholistan (Bahawalpur division,
Ahmad Pur east tehsil). The Noor Mahal (Bahawalpur) constructed in
1872-1875.