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SL Paper 2
An arithmetic sequence has first term 60 and common difference - 2. 5.

Given that the kth term of the sequence is zero, find the value of k.

[2]
a.
 Let S n denote the sum of the first n terms of the sequence.

Find the maximum value of S n.

[3]
b.

Markscheme
attempt to use u 1 + (n - 1)d = 0 (M1)

60 - 2. 5(k - 1) = 0

k = 25 A1

[2 marks]

a.

METHOD 1

attempting to express S n in terms of n (M1)

use of a graph or a table to attempt to find the maximum sum (M1)

= 750 A1

METHOD 2

EITHER

recognizing maximum occurs at n = 25 (M1)

25 25
S 25 = (60 + 0), S 25 = (2 × 60 + 24 × - 2. 5) (A1)
2 2

OR

attempting to calculate S 24 (M1)

24
S 24 = (2 × 60 + 23 × - 2. 5) (A1)
2

THEN

= 750 A1

[3 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

The temperature T °C of water t minutes after being poured into a cup can be modelled by T = T 0e - kt where t ≥ 0 and T 0, k
are positive constants.

The water is initially boiling at 100 °C. When t = 10, the temperature of the water is 70 °C.
 Show that T 0 = 100.

[1]
a.
1 10
Show that k = ln .
10 7

[3]
b.

Find the temperature of the water when t = 15.

[2]
c.

Sketch the graph of T versus t, clearly indicating any asymptotes with their equations and stating the coordinates
of any points of intersection with the axes.

[4]
d.

Find the time taken for the water to have a temperature of 50 °C. Give your answer correct to the nearest second.

[4]
e.
t
The model for the temperature of the water can also be expressed in the form T = T 0a 10 for t ≥ 0 and a is a positive
constant.

Find the exact value of a.

[3]
f.

Markscheme
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external
assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

when t = 0, T = 100 ⇒ 100 = T 0e 0 A1

so T 0 = 100 AG

[1 mark]

a.

correct substitution of t = 10, T = 70 M1

7
70 = 100e - 10k or e - 10k=
10

EITHER
7
- 10k = ln A1
10

7 10 7 10
ln = - ln or - ln = ln A1
10 7 10 7

OR
10
e 10k= A1
7

10
10k = ln A1
7

THEN
 1 10
k= ln AG
10 7

[3 marks]

b.

substitutes t = 15 into T (M1)

T = 58. 6 (°C) A1

[2 marks]

c.

a decreasing exponential A1

starting at (0, 100) labelled on the graph or stated A1

T → 0 as t → ∞ A1

horizontal asymptote T = 0 labelled on the graph or stated A1

Note: Award A0 for stating y = 0 as the horizontal asymptote.

[4 marks]

d.

1 10
100e - kt = 50 where k = ln A1
10 7

EITHER

uses an appropriate graph to attempt to solve for t (M1)

OR

manipulates logs to attempt to solve for t e.g. ln = -

1
2 ( 1
10
ln
10
7 )
t (M1)

ln 2
t= 1 10 = 19. 433… A1
ln
10 7

THEN

temperature will be 50 °C after 19 minutes and 26 seconds A1

 [4 marks]

e.

METHOD 1
t
substitutes T 0 = 100, t = 10 and T = 70 into T = T 0a 10 (M1)

10
70 = 100a 10 A1

7
a= A1
10

METHOD 2
t 1 10
100a 10 = 100e - kt where k = ln
10 7

EITHER
1
e - k = a 10 ⇒ a = e - 10k (M1)

OR

(( ))
10
1 10
a= e - 10 ln 7
t t
(M1)

THEN

10
a = e - ln 7
( ) = e ln 10
7
A1

7
a= A1
10

[3 marks]

f.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.
[N/A]
e.
[N/A]
f.

Consider the curves y = x 2 sin x and y = - 1 - √1 + 4(x + 2)2 for - π ≤ x ≤ 0.

Find the x-coordinates of the points of intersection of the two curves.

[3]
a.
 Find the area, A, of the region enclosed by the two curves.

[4]
b.

Markscheme
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external
assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

attempts to solve x 2 sin x = - 1 - √1 + 4(x + 2)2 (M1)

x = - 2. 76, - 1. 54 A1A1

Note: Award A1A0 if additional solutions outside the domain are given.

[3 marks]

a.

( √1 + 4(x + 2)2 - x2 sin x ) dx (or equivalent)

- 1 . 537 …
A= ∫ -1 - (M1)(A1)
- 2 . 762 …

Note: Award M1 for attempting to form an integrand involving “top curve” − “bottom curve”.

so A = 1. 47 A2

[4 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

A function f is given by f(x) = (2x + 2)(5 − x 2).

The graph of the function g(x) = 5 x + 6x − 6 intersects the graph of f.

Expand the expression for f(x).

[1]
b.i.

Find f ′ (x).

[3]
b.ii.

Draw the graph of f for − 3 ⩽ x ⩽ 3 and − 40 ⩽ y ⩽ 20. Use a scale of 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the x-axis and 1 cm to
represent 5 units on the y-axis.

[4]
d.

Write down the coordinates of the point of intersection.

[2]
e.
Markscheme
10x − 2x 3 + 10 − 2x 2 (A1)

Notes: The expansion may be seen in part (b)(ii).

[1 mark]

b.i.

10 − 6x 2 − 4x (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)

Notes: Follow through from part (b)(i). Award (A1)(ft) for each correct term. Award at most (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)
(A0) if extra terms are seen.

[3 marks]

b.ii.

(A1)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)

Notes: Award (A1) for correct scale; axes labelled and drawn with a ruler.

Award (A1)(ft) for their correct x-intercepts in approximately correct location.

Award (A1) for correct minimum and maximum points in approximately correct location.

Award (A1) for a smooth continuous curve with approximate correct shape. The curve should be in the given domain.

Follow through from part (a) for the x-intercepts.

[4 marks]

d.

(1.49, 13.9) ((1.48702…, 13.8714…)) (G1)(ft)(G1)(ft)

Notes: Award (G1) for 1.49 and (G1) for 13.9 written as a coordinate pair. Award at most (G0)(G1) if
parentheses are missing. Accept x = 1.49 and y = 13.9. Follow through from part (b)(i).

[2 marks]

e.

Examiners report
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
d.
[N/A]
e.

1 3
Consider the function f(x) = x 3 + x 2 − x − 1.
3 4
The function has one local maximum at x = p and one local minimum at x = q.

Write down the y-intercept of the graph of y = f(x).

[1]
b.

Sketch the graph of y = f(x) for −3 ≤ x ≤ 3 and −4 ≤ y ≤ 12.

[4]
c.

Determine the range of f(x) for p ≤ x ≤ q.

[3]
h.

Markscheme
−1 (A1)

Note: Accept (0, −1).

[1 mark]

b.

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for correct window and axes labels, −3 to 3 should be indicated on the x-axis and −4 to 12 on the y
-axis.
(A1)) for smooth curve with correct cubic shape;
(A1) for x-intercepts: one close to −3, the second between −1 and 0, and third between 1 and 2; and y-intercept at
approximately −1;
(A1) for local minimum in the 4th quadrant and maximum in the 2nd quadrant, in approximately correct positions.
Graph paper does not need to be used. If window not given award at most (A0)(A1)(A0)(A1).

[4 marks]

c.

− 1.27 ⩽ f(x) ⩽ 1.33

(
− 1.27083… ⩽ f(x) ⩽ 1.33333…, −
61
48
⩽ f(x) ⩽
4
3 ) (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for −1.27 seen, (A1) for 1.33 seen, and (A1) for correct weak inequalities with their endpoints in
the correct order. For example, award (A0)(A0)(A0) for answers like 5 ⩽ f(x) ⩽ 2. Accept y in place of f(x). Accept
alternative correct notation such as [−1.27, 1.33].

Follow through from their p and q values from part (g) only if their f(p) and f(q) values are between −4 and 12. Award
(A0)(A0)(A0) if their values from (g) are given as the endpoints.

[3 marks]

h.
Examiners report
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
h.

The following diagram shows a circle with centre O and radius 3.

Points A, P and B lie on the circumference of the circle.

Chord [AB] has length L and AÔB = θ radians.

Show that arc APB has length 6π - 3θ.

[2]
a.

Show that L = √18 - 18 cos θ.

[2]
b.

Arc APB is twice the length of chord [AB].

Find the value of θ.

[3]
c.

Markscheme
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external
assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

EITHER

uses the arc length formula (M1)

arc length is 3(2π - θ) A1

OR

length of arc AB is 3θ A1

the sum of the lengths of arc AB and arc APB is 6π A1

THEN

so arc APB has length 6π - 3θ AG

[2 marks]
 a.

uses the cosine rule (M1)

L 2 = 3 2 + 3 2 - 2(3)(3) cos θ A1

so L = √18 - 18 cos θ AG

[2 marks]

b.

6π - 3θ = 2√18 - 18 cos θ A1

attempts to solve for θ (M1)

θ = 2. 49 A1

[3 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

Points A and P lie on opposite banks of a river, such that AP is the shortest distance across the river. Point B represents
the centre of a city which is located on the riverbank. PB = 215 km, AP = 65 km and AP̂B = 90°.

The following diagram shows this information.

A boat travels at an average speed of 42 km h - 1. A bus travels along the straight road between P and B at an average
speed of 84 km h - 1.

Find the travel time, in hours, from A to B given that

There is a point D, which lies on the road from P to B, such that BD = x km. The boat travels from A to D, and the bus
travels from D to B.

An excursion involves renting the boat and the bus. The cost to rent the boat is $ 200 per hour, and the cost to rent the
bus is $ 150 per hour.

the boat is taken from A to P, and the bus from P to B.

[2]
a.i.

the boat travels directly to B.

[2]
a.ii.
 Find an expression, in terms of x for the travel time T, from A to B, passing through D.

[3]
b.i.

Find the value of x so that T is a minimum.

[2]
b.ii.

Write down the minimum value of T.

[1]
b.iii.

Find the new value of x so that the total cost C to travel from A to B via D is a minimum.

[3]
c.i.

Write down the minimum total cost for this journey.

[1]
c.ii.

Markscheme
AP 215 65 215
OR OR + (M1)
42 84 42 84

time = 4. 10714… (hours)

time = 4. 11 (hours) A1

[2 marks]

a.i.

AB = √2152 + 652( = 224. 610…) (A1)

time = 5. 34787… (hours)

time = 5. 35 (hours) A1

[2 marks]

a.ii.

AD = √(215 - x)2 + 652 (A1)

√ ( 215 - x ) 2 + 652
t= (A1)
42

T=
√ ( 215 - x ) 2 + 652
42
+
x
84 ( =
√x2 - 430x + 50450
42
+
x
84 ) A1

[3 marks]

b.i.

valid approach to find the minimum for T (may be seen in (iii)) (M1)

graph of T OR T' = 0 OR graph of T'

x = 177. 472… km

x = 177 km A1
 [2 marks]

b.ii.

T = 3. 89980…

T = 3. 90 (hours) A1

Note: Only allow FT in (b)(ii) and (iii) for 0 < x < 215 and a function T that has a minimum in that interval.

[1 mark]

b.iii.

√ ( 215 - x ) 2 + 652 x
C = 200 · + 150 · (A1)
42 84

valid approach to find the minimum for C(x) (may be seen in (ii)) (M1)

graph of C OR C' = 0 OR graph of C'

x = 188. 706… km

x = 189 km A1

Note: Only allow FT from (b) if the function T has a minimum in 0 < x < 215.

[3 marks]

c.i.

C = 670. 864

C = $671 A1

Note: Only allow FT from (c)(i) if the function C has a minimum in 0 < x < 215.

[1 mark]

c.ii.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.i.
[N/A]
a.ii.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
b.iii.
[N/A]
c.i.
[N/A]
c.ii.

Let f(x) = 4 - x 3 and g(x) = ln x, for x > 0.

Find (f ∘ g)(x).
 [2]
a.

Solve the equation (f ∘ g)(x) = x.

[2]
b.i.

Hence or otherwise, given that g(2a) = f - 1(2a), find the value of a.

[3]
b.ii.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

attempt to form composite (in any order) (M1)

eg (
f(ln x) , g 4 - x 3 )
(f ∘ g)(x) = 4 - (ln x) 3 A1 N2

[2 marks]

a.

valid approach using GDC (M1)

eg , (2. 85, 2. 85)

2. 85056

2. 85 A1 N2

[2 marks]

b.i.

METHOD 1 – (using properties of functions)

recognizing inverse relationship (M1)

eg (
f(g(2a)) = f f - 1(2a) ) ( = 2a)
equating 2a to their x from (i) (A1)

eg 2a = 2. 85056

1. 42528

a = 1. 43 A1 N2

METHOD 2 – (finding inverse)

interchanging x and y (seen anywhere) (M1)

3
eg x = 4 - y 3 , f - 1(x) = √4 - x
correct working (A1)
3
eg √4 - 2a = ln(2a), sketch showing intersection of f - 1(2x) and g(2x)
1. 42528

a = 1. 43 A1 N2
 [3 marks]

b.ii.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.

Consider the curve y = 2x3 − 9x2 + 12x + 2, for −1 < x < 3

Sketch the curve for −1 < x < 3 and −2 < y < 12.

[4]
a.

A teacher asks her students to make some observations about the curve.

Three students responded.

Nadia said “The x-intercept of the curve is between −1 and zero”.
Rick said “The curve is decreasing when x < 1 ”.
Paula said “The gradient of the curve is less than zero between x = 1 and x = 2 ”.

State the name of the student who made an incorrect observation.

[1]
b.
dy
Find .
dx

[3]
d.

Show that the stationary points of the curve are at x = 1 and x = 2.

[2]
e.

Given that y = 2x3 − 9x2 + 12x + 2 = k has three solutions, find the possible values of k.

[3]
f.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)
 Note: Award (A1) for correct window (condone a window which is slightly off) and axes labels. An indication of
window is necessary. −1 to 3 on the x-axis and −2 to 12 on the y-axis and a graph in that window.
(A1) for correct shape (curve having cubic shape and must be smooth).
(A1) for both stationary points in the 1st quadrant with approximate correct position,
(A1) for intercepts (negative x-intercept and positive y intercept) with approximate correct position.

[4 marks]

a.

Rick (A1)

Note: Award (A0) if extra names stated.

[1 mark]

b.

6x2 − 18x + 12 (A1)(A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for each correct term. Award at most (A1)(A1)(A0) if extra terms seen.

[3 marks]

d.

6x2 − 18x + 12 = 0 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for equating their derivative to 0. If the derivative is not explicitly equated to 0, but a subsequent
solving of their correct equation is seen, award (M1).

6(x − 1)(x − 2) = 0 (or equivalent) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct factorization. The final (M1) is awarded only if answers are clearly stated.

Award (M0)(M0) for substitution of 1 and of 2 in their derivative.

x = 1, x = 2 (AG)

[2 marks]

e.

6<k<7 (A1)(A1)(ft)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for an inequality with 6, award (A1)(ft) for an inequality with 7 from their part (c) provided it is
greater than 6, (A1) for their correct strict inequalities. Accept ]6, 7[ or (6, 7).

[3 marks]

f.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
d.
[N/A]
e.
[N/A]
f.

Tommaso plans to compete in a regional bicycle race after he graduates, however he needs to buy a racing bicycle. He
finds a bicycle that costs 1100 euro (EUR). Tommaso has 950 EUR and invests this money in an account that pays 5 %
interest per year, compounded monthly.

The cost of the bicycle, C, can be modelled by C = 20x + 1100, where x is the number of years since Tommaso invested his
money.

Determine the amount that he will have in his account after 3 years. Give your answer correct to two decimal
 places.

[3]
a.

Find the difference between the cost of the bicycle and the amount of money in Tommaso’s account after 3 years.
Give your answer correct to two decimal places.

[3]
b.

After m complete months Tommaso will, for the first time, have enough money in his account to buy the bicycle.

Find the value of m.

[5]
c.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

(
950 × 1 +
5
12 × 100 ) 12 × 3
(M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution in the compound interest formula: (A1) for correct substitution.

OR

N=3
I% = 5
PV = 950
P/Y = 1
C/Y = 12 (A1)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.

OR

N = 36
I% = 5
PV = 950
P/Y = 12
C/Y = 12 (A1)(M1)

Note: Award (A1) for C/Y = 12 seen, (M1) for other correct entries.

1103.40 (EUR) (A1)(G3)

Note: Answer must be given to 2 decimal places.

[3 marks]

a.

(20 × 3 + 1100) − 1103.40 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into cost of bike function, (M1) for subtracting their answer to part (a).
This subtraction may be implied by their final answer (follow through from their part (a) for this implied subtraction).

55.60 (EUR) (A1)(ft)(G3)

Note: Follow through from part (a). The answer must be two decimal places.

[3 marks]

b.

METHOD 1

(
950 × 1 +
5
12 × 100 ) 12x
= 20x + 1100 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution in the compound interest formula with a variable in the exponent;
(M1) for comparing their expressions provided variables are the same (not an expression with x for years and
 another with x representing months). Award at most (M0)(M1)(A0)(M1)(A0) for substitution of an integer in both
expressions and comparison of the results. Accept inequality.

(x =) 4.52157… (years) (A1)(ft)

4.52157… × 12 (= 54.2588…) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their value for x by 12. This may be implied.

m = 55 (months) (A1)(ft)(G4)

METHOD 2

(
950 × 1 +
5
12 × 100 ) m
= 20 ×
m
12
+ 1100 (M1)(M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution in the compound interest formula with a variable in the exponent to
solve; (M1) for comparing their expressions provided variables are the same; (M1) for converting years to months in
these expressions. Award at most (M0)(M1)(A0)(M1)(A0) for substitution of an integer in both expressions and
comparison of the results. Accept inequality.

m = 54.2588… (months) (A1)(ft)

m = 55 (months) (A1)(ft)(G4)

METHOD 3

(M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for each graph drawn.

(x =) 4.52157… (years) (A1)(ft)

4.52157… × 12 (= 54.2588…) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for multiplying their value for x by 12. This may be implied.

If the graphs drawn are in terms of months, leading to a value of 54.2588…, award (M1)(M1)(M1)(A1),
consistent with METHOD 2.

m = 55 (months) (A1)(ft)(G4)

Note: Follow through for a compound interest formula consistent with their part (a). The final (A1)(ft) can only be
awarded for correct answer, or their correct answer following through from previous parts and only if value is
rounded up. For example, do not award (M0)(M0)(A0)(M1)(A1)(ft) for an unsupported “5 years × 12 = 60” or
similar.

[5 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
The following table shows the probability distribution of a discrete random variable X, where a ⩾ 0 and b ⩾ 0.

Show that b = 0.3 − a.

[1]
a.

Find the difference between the greatest possible expected value and the least possible expected value.

[6]
b.

Markscheme
correct approach A1

eg 0.2 + 0.5 + b + a = 1, 0.7 + a + b = 1

b = 0.3 − a AG N0

[1 mark]

a.

correct substitution into E(X) (A1)

eg 0.2 + 4 × 0.5 + a × b + (a + b − 0.5) × a, 0.2 + 2 + a × b − 0.2a

valid attempt to express E(X) in one variable M1

eg 0.2 + 4 × 0.5 + a × (0.3 − a) + (− 0.2) × a, 2.2 + 0.1a − a 2,

0.2 + 4 × 0.5 + (0.3 − b) × b + (− 0.2) × (0.3 − b), 2.14 + 0.5b − b 2

correct value of greatest E(X) (A1)

2.2025 (exact)

valid attempt to find least value (M1)

eg graph with minimum indicated, E(0) and E(0.3)

(0, 2.2) and (0.3, 2.14) if E(X) in terms of a

(0, 2.14) and (0.3, 2.2) if E(X) in terms of b

correct value of least E(X) (A1)

eg 2.14 (exact)

difference = 0.0625 (exact) A1 N2

[6 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

Let f(x) = 6 − ln(x 2 + 2), for x ∈ R. The graph of f passes through the point (p, 4), where p > 0.
 Find the value of p.

[2]
a.

The following diagram shows part of the graph of f.

The region enclosed by the graph of f, the x-axis and the lines x = − p and x = p is rotated 360° about the x-axis. Find
the volume of the solid formed.

[3]
b.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

valid approach (M1)

eg f(p) = 4, intersection with y = 4, ± 2.32

2.32143

p= √e2 − 2 (exact), 2.32 A1 N2

[2 marks]

a.

attempt to substitute either their limits or the function into volume formula (must involve f 2, accept reversed limits
and absence of π and/or dx, but do not accept any other errors) (M1)

( ) 2
eg ∫ 2.32 f 2, π∫ 6 − ln(x 2 + 2) dx, 105.675
− 2.32

331.989

volume = 332 A2 N3

[3 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

27
Consider the function f(x) = − 16x, x ≠ 0.
x2

Sketch the graph of y = f (x), for −4 ≤ x ≤ 3 and −50 ≤ y ≤ 100.

[4]
a.

Use your graphic display calculator to find the equation of the tangent to the graph of y = f (x) at the point (–2,
38.75).

Give your answer in the form y = mx + c.

[2]
b.iii.

Sketch the graph of the function g (x) = 10x + 40 on the same axes.

[2]
c.
Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

(A1)(A1)(A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for axis labels and some indication of scale; accept y or f(x).

Use of graph paper is not required. If no scale is given, assume the given window for zero and minimum point.

Award (A1) for smooth curve with correct general shape.

Award (A1) for x-intercept closer to y-axis than to end of sketch.

Award (A1) for correct local minimum with x-coordinate closer to y-axis than end of sketch and y-coordinate less
than half way to top of sketch.

Award at most (A1)(A0)(A1)(A1) if the sketch intersects the y-axis or if the sketch curves away from the y-axis as x
approaches zero.

[4 marks]

a.

y = −9.25x + 20.3 (y = −9.25x + 20.25) (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for −9.25x, award (A1) for +20.25, award a maximum of (A0)(A1) if answer is not an equation.

[2 marks]

b.iii.

correct line, y = 10x + 40, seen on sketch (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for straight line with positive gradient, award (A1) for x-intercept and y-intercept in
approximately the correct positions. Award at most (A0)(A1) if ruler not used. If the straight line is drawn on
different axes to part (a), award at most (A0)(A1).

[2 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
 b.iii.
[N/A]
c.

Consider a function f, such that f x = 5. 8 sin () ( π

6 )
(x + 1) + b, 0 ≤ x ≤ 10, b ∈ R.

The function f has a local maximum at the point (2, 21.8) , and a local minimum at (8, 10.2).

A second function g is given by g(x) = p sin ( 2π

9 )
(x − 3.75) + q, 0 ≤ x ≤ 10; p, q ∈ R.

The function g passes through the points (3, 2.5) and (6, 15.1).

Find the period of f.

[2]
a.

Find the value of b.

[2]
b.i.

Hence, find the value of f(6).

[2]
b.ii.

Find the value of p and the value of q.

[5]
c.

Find the value of x for which the functions have the greatest difference.

[2]
d.

Markscheme
correct approach A1
π 2π
eg = (or equivalent)
6 period

period = 12 A1

[2 marks]

a.

valid approach (M1)

max + min
eg b = max − amplitude
2

21.8 + 10.2
, or equivalent
2

b = 16 A1

[2 marks]

b.i.
 attempt to substitute into their function (M1)

5.8 sin ( π
6 )
(6 + 1) + 16

f(6) = 13.1 A1

[2 marks]

b.ii.

valid attempt to set up a system of equations (M1)

two correct equations A1

p sin ( 2π
9 )
(3 − 3.75) + q = 2.5, p sin ( 2π
9 )
(6 − 3.75) + q = 15.1

valid attempt to solve system (M1)

p = 8.4; q = 6.7 A1A1

[5 marks]

c.

attempt to use |f(x) − g(x)| to find maximum difference (M1)

x = 1.64 A1

[2 marks]

d.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.

4x + 1
The function f is defined by f(x) = , where x ∈ ℝ, x ≠ - 4.
x+4

For the graph of f

The graphs of f and f - 1 intersect at x = p and x = q, where p < q.

write down the equation of the vertical asymptote.

[1]
a.i.
 find the equation of the horizontal asymptote.

[2]
a.ii.

Find f - 1(x).

[4]
b.i.

Using an algebraic approach, show that the graph of f - 1 is obtained by a reflection of the graph of f in the y-axis
followed by a reflection in the x-axis.

[4]
b.ii.

Find the value of p and the value of q.

[2]
c.i.

Hence, find the area enclosed by the graph of f and the graph of f - 1.

[3]
c.ii.

Markscheme
x= -4 A1

[1 mark]

a.i.

a
attempt to substitute into y = OR table with large values of x OR sketch of f showing asymptotic behaviour
c
(M1)

y=4 A1

[2 marks]

a.ii.
4x + 1
y=
x+4

attempt to interchange x and y (seen anywhere) M1

xy + 4y = 4x + 1 OR xy + 4x = 4y + 1 (A1)

xy - 4x = 1 - 4y OR xy - 4y = 1 - 4x (A1)
1 - 4x 1 - 4x
f - 1(x) = (accept y = ) A1
x-4 x-4

[4 marks]

b.i.

reflection in y-axis given by f(- x) (M1)

- 4x + 1
f(- x) = (A1)
-x+4

reflection of their f(- x) in x-axis given by - f(- x) accept "now - f(x)" M1

- 4x + 1
(- f(- x) = ) -
-x+4

- 4x + 1 4x - 1
= OR A1
x-4 -x+4
 =
1 - 4x
x-4 (=f - 1(x)
) AG

Note: If the candidate attempts to show the result using a particular coordinate on the graph of f rather than a
general coordinate on the graph of f, where appropriate, award marks as follows:
M0A0 for eg (2, 3) → ( − 2, 3)
M0A0 for ( − 2, 3) → ( − 2, − 3)

[4 marks]

b.ii.

attempt to solve f(x) = f - 1(x) using graph or algebraically (M1)

p = - 1 AND q = 1 A1

Note: Award (M1)A0 if only one correct value seen.

[2 marks]

c.i.

attempt to set up an integral to find area between f and f - 1 (M1)

( )
1 4x + 1 1 - 4x
∫ - dx (A1)
x+4 x-4
-1

= 0. 675231…

= 0. 675 A1

[3 marks]

c.ii.

Examiners report
Candidates mostly found the first part of this question accessible, with many knowing how to find the equation of
both asymptotes. Common errors included transposing the asymptotes, or finding where an asymptote occurred but
not giving it as an equation.

Candidates knew how to start part (b)(i), with most attempting to find the inverse function by firstly interchanging x
and y. However, many struggled with the algebra required to change the subject, and were not awarded all the
marks. A common error in this part was for candidates to attempt to find an expression for f'(x), rather than one for

()
f - 1 x . Few candidates were able to answer part (b)(ii). Many appeared not to know that a reflection in the y-axis is
given by f( - x), or that a reflection in the x-axis is given by - f(x). Many of those that did, multiplied both the numerator

and denominator by - 1 when taking the negative of their f( - x) , i.e. - ( )

- 4x + 1
-x+4
was often simplified as
4x - 1
x-4
. However,

the majority of candidates either did not attempt this question part or attempted to describe a graphical approach
often involving a specific point, rather than an algebraic approach.

()
Those that attempted part (c), and had the correct expression for f - 1 x , were usually able to gain all the marks.
However, those that had an incorrect expression, or had found f'(x), often proceeded to find an area, even when there
was not an area enclosed by their two curves.

a.i.
[N/A]
a.ii.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
 [N/A]
c.i.
[N/A]
c.ii.

The following diagram shows a semicircle with centre O and radius r. Points P, Q and R lie on the circumference of the
circle, such that PQ = 2r and RÔQ = θ, where 0 < θ < π.

Given that the areas of the two shaded regions are equal, show that θ = 2 sin θ.

[5]
a.

Hence determine the value of θ.

[1]
b.

Markscheme
attempt to find the area of either shaded region in terms of r and θ (M1)

Note: Do not award M1 if they have only copied from the booklet and not applied to the shaded area.

1 1
Area of segment = r 2θ - r 2 sin θ A1
2 2

1
Area of triangle = r 2 sin(π - θ) A1
2

correct equation in terms of θ only (A1)

θ - sin θ = sin(π - θ)

θ - sin θ = sin θ A1

θ = 2 sin θ AG

1
Note: Award a maximum of M1A1A0A0A0 if a candidate uses degrees (i.e., r 2 sin(180° - θ)), even if later work is
2
correct.
1
Note: If a candidate directly states that the area of the triangle is r 2 sin θ, award a maximum of M1A1A0A1A1.
2

[5 marks]

a.

θ = 1. 89549…

θ = 1. 90 A1

Note: Award A0 if there is more than one solution. Award A0 for an answer in degrees.
 [1 mark]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

The height of water, in metres, in Dungeness harbour is modelled by the function H(t) = a sin(b(t - c)) + d, where t is the
number of hours after midnight, and a, b, c and d are constants, where a > 0, b > 0 and c > 0.

The following graph shows the height of the water for 13 hours, starting at midnight.

The first high tide occurs at 04 : 30 and the next high tide occurs 12 hours later. Throughout the day, the height of the
water fluctuates between 2. 2 m and 6. 8 m.

All heights are given correct to one decimal place.

π
Show that b = .
6

[1]
a.

Find the value of a.

[2]
b.

Find the value of d.

[2]
c.

Find the smallest possible value of c.

[3]
d.

Find the height of the water at 12 : 00.

[2]
e.

Determine the number of hours, over a 24-hour period, for which the tide is higher than 5 metres.

[3]
f.

Markscheme
2π 2π
12 = OR b = A1
b 12
 π
b= AG
6

[1 mark]

a.
6.8-2.2 max - min
a= OR a = (M1)
2 2

= 2. 3 (m) A1

[2 marks]

b.
6.8+2.2 max + min
d= OR d = (M1)
2 2

= 4. 5 (m) A1

[2 marks]

c.

METHOD 1

substituting t = 4. 5 and H = 6. 8 for example into their equation for H (A1)

6. 8 = 2. 3 sin ( π
6 )
(4. 5 - c) + 4. 5

attempt to solve their equation (M1)

c = 1. 5 A1

METHOD 2
12
using horizontal translation of (M1)
4

4. 5 - c = 3 (A1)

c = 1. 5 A1

METHOD 3

H'(t) = (2. 3) () (π
6
cos
π
6
(t - c) ) (A1)

attempts to solve their H'(4. 5) = 0 for c (M1)

(2. 3) () (
π
6
cos
π
6
(4. 5 - c) = 0 )
c = 1. 5 A1

[3 marks]

d.

attempt to find H when t = 12 or t = 0, graphically or algebraically (M1)

H = 2. 87365…
 H = 2. 87 (m) A1

[2 marks]

e.

attempt to solve 5 = 2. 3 sin ( π

6 )
(t - 1. 5) + 4. 5 (M1)

times are t = 1. 91852… and t = 7. 08147… , (t = 13. 9185…, t = 19. 0814…) (A1)

total time is 2 × (7. 081… - 1. 919…)

10. 3258…

= 10. 3 (hours) A1

Note: Accept 10.

[3 marks]

f.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.
[N/A]
e.
[N/A]
f.

The following table shows a probability distribution for the random variable X, where E(X) = 1.2.

A bag contains white and blue marbles, with at least three of each colour. Three marbles are drawn from the bag,
without replacement. The number of blue marbles drawn is given by the random variable X.

A game is played in which three marbles are drawn from the bag of ten marbles, without replacement. A player wins a
prize if three white marbles are drawn.

Find q.

[2]
a.i.

Find p.

[2]
a.ii.

Write down the probability of drawing three blue marbles.

[1]
b.i.

1
Explain why the probability of drawing three white marbles is .
6

[1]
b.ii.
 The bag contains a total of ten marbles of which w are white. Find w.

[3]
b.iii.

Jill plays the game nine times. Find the probability that she wins exactly two prizes.

[2]
c.

Grant plays the game until he wins two prizes. Find the probability that he wins his second prize on his eighth
attempt.

[4]
d.

Markscheme
correct substitution into E(X) formula (A1)

eg 0(p) + 1(0.5) + 2(0.3) + 3(q) = 1.2

1
q= , 0.0333 A1 N2
30

[2 marks]

a.i.

evidence of summing probabilities to 1 (M1)

eg p + 0.5 + 0.3 + q = 1
1
p = , 0.167 A1 N2
6

[2 marks]

a.ii.

1
P (3 blue) = , 0.0333 A1 N1
30

[1 mark]

b.i.

valid reasoning R1

eg P (3 white) = P(0 blue)

1
P(3 white) = AG N0
6

[1 mark]

b.ii.

valid method (M1)

w w−1 w−2 wC 3
eg P(3 white) = × × ,
10 9 8 10C 3

correct equation A1

w w−1 w−2 1 wC 3
eg × × = , = 0.167
10 9 8 6 10C 3

w=6 A1 N2

[3 marks]

b.iii.

valid approach (M1)

 eg B(n, p),
()
n
r
p rq n − r, (0.167) 2(0.833) 7,
()
9
2

0.279081

0.279 A1 N2

[2 marks]

c.

recognizing one prize in first seven attempts (M1)

eg
( ) ( )( )
7
1
,
1 1 5 6
6 6

correct working (A1)

eg
( )( ) ( )
7
1
1 1 5 6
6 6
, 0.390714

correct approach (A1)

eg
( )( ) ( )
7
1
1 1 5 6
6 6
×
1
6

0.065119

0.0651 A1 N2

[4 marks]

d.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.i.
[N/A]
a.ii.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
b.iii.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.

Consider the function f(x) = − x 4 + ax 2 + 5, where a is a constant. Part of the graph of y = f(x) is shown below.

It is known that at the point where x = 2 the tangent to the graph of y = f(x) is horizontal.

There are two other points on the graph of y = f(x) at which the tangent is horizontal.

Write down the y-intercept of the graph.

[1]
a.

Find f ′ (x).

[2]
b.
 Show that a = 8.

[2]
c.i.

Find f(2).

[2]
c.ii.

Write down the x-coordinates of these two points;

[2]
d.i.

Write down the intervals where the gradient of the graph of y = f(x) is positive.

[2]
d.ii.

Write down the range of f(x).

[2]
e.

Write down the number of possible solutions to the equation f(x) = 5.

[1]
f.

The equation f(x) = m, where m ∈ R, has four solutions. Find the possible values of m.

[2]
g.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

5 (A1)

Note: Accept an answer of (0, 5).

[1 mark]

a.

(f (x) = ) − 4x
′ 3 + 2ax (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for − 4x 3 and (A1) for + 2ax. Award at most (A1)(A0) if extra terms are seen.

[2 marks]

b.

− 4 × 2 3 + 2a × 2 = 0 (M1)(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution of x = 2 into their derivative, (M1) for equating their derivative, written in
terms of a, to 0 leading to a correct answer (note, the 8 does not need to be seen).

a=8 (AG)

[2 marks]

c.i.
(f(2) = ) − 2 4 + 8 × 2 2 + 5 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of x = 2 and a = 8 into the formula of the function.

21 (A1)(G2)

[2 marks]

c.ii.

(x = ) − 2, (x = ) 0 (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for each correct solution. Award at most (A0)(A1)(ft) if answers are given as ( − 2 , 21) and (0, 5)
or ( − 2, 0) and (0, 0).

[2 marks]

d.i.

x < − 2, 0 < x < 2 (A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)

Note: Award (A1)(ft) for x < − 2, follow through from part (d)(i) provided their value is negative.

Award (A1)(ft) for 0 < x < 2, follow through only from their 0 from part (d)(i); 2 must be the upper limit.

Accept interval notation.

[2 marks]

d.ii.

y ⩽ 21 (A1)(ft)(A1)

Notes: Award (A1)(ft) for 21 seen in an interval or an inequality, (A1) for “y ⩽ ”.

Accept interval notation.

Accept − ∞ < y ⩽ 21 or f(x) ⩽ 21.

Follow through from their answer to part (c)(ii). Award at most (A1)(ft)(A0) if x is seen instead of y. Do not award
the second (A1) if a (finite) lower limit is seen.

[2 marks]

e.

3 (solutions) (A1)

[1 mark]

f.

5 < m < 21 or equivalent (A1)(ft)(A1)

Note: Award (A1)(ft) for 5 and 21 seen in an interval or an inequality, (A1) for correct strict inequalities. Follow
through from their answers to parts (a) and (c)(ii).

Accept interval notation.

 [2 marks]

g.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.i.
[N/A]
c.ii.
[N/A]
d.i.
[N/A]
d.ii.
[N/A]
e.
[N/A]
f.
[N/A]
g.

All living plants contain an isotope of carbon called carbon-14. When a plant dies, the isotope decays so that the amount
of carbon-14 present in the remains of the plant decreases. The time since the death of a plant can be determined by
measuring the amount of carbon-14 still present in the remains.

The amount, A, of carbon-14 present in a plant t years after its death can be modelled by A = A 0e - kt where t ≥ 0 and A 0, k
are positive constants.

At the time of death, a plant is defined to have 100 units of carbon-14.

The time taken for half the original amount of carbon-14 to decay is known to be 5730 years.

Show that A 0 = 100.

[1]
a.
ln 2
Show that k = .
5730

[3]
b.

Find, correct to the nearest 10 years, the time taken after the plant’s death for 25 % of the carbon-14 to decay.

[3]
c.

Markscheme
100 = A 0e 0 A1

A 0 = 100 AG

[1 mark]

a.

correct substitution of values into exponential equation (M1)

1
50 = 100e - 5730k OR e - 5730k =
2

EITHER
 1
- 5730k = ln A1
2

1 1
ln = - ln 2 OR - ln = ln 2 A1
2 2

OR

e 5730k = 2 A1

5730k = ln 2 A1

THEN
ln 2
k= AG
5730

ln 2
Note: There are many different ways of showing that k = which involve showing different steps. Award full marks
5730
for at least two correct algebraic steps seen.

[3 marks]

b.

if 25 % of the carbon-14 has decayed, 75 % remains ie, 75 units remain (A1)

ln 2
75 = 100e - 5730 t

EITHER

using an appropriate graph to attempt to solve for t (M1)

OR

manipulating logs to attempt to solve for t (M1)

ln 2
ln 0. 75 = - t
5730

t = 2378. 164…

THEN

t = 2380 (years) (correct to the nearest 10 years) A1

[3 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

50
Consider the function f(x) = x 2 + x + , x ≠ 0.
x

Find f(1).
 [2]
a.

Solve f(x) = 0.

[2]
b.

The graph of f has a local minimum at point A.

Find the coordinates of A.

[2]
c.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

attempt to substitute x = 1 (M1)

50
eg f(1), 1 2 + 1 +
1

52 (exact) A1 N2

[2 marks]

a.

- 4. 04932

- 4. 05 A2 N2

[2 marks]

b.

(2. 76649, 28. 4934)

A(2. 77, 28. 5) A1A1 N2

[2 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

48
Consider the function f(x) = + kx 2 − 58, where x > 0 and k is a constant.
x

The graph of the function passes through the point with coordinates (4 , 2).

P is the minimum point of the graph of f (x).

Sketch the graph of y = f (x) for 0 < x ≤ 6 and −30 ≤ y ≤ 60.

Clearly indicate the minimum point P and the x-intercepts on your graph.

Markscheme
 (A1)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)(A1)(ft)

Note: Award (A1) for correct window. Axes must be labelled.

(A1)(ft) for a smooth curve with correct shape and zeros in approximately correct positions relative to each other.
(A1)(ft) for point P indicated in approximately the correct position. Follow through from their x-coordinate in part (c).
(A1)(ft) for two x-intercepts identified on the graph and curve reflecting asymptotic properties.

[4 marks]

Examiners report
[N/A]

A water container is made in the shape of a cylinder with internal height h cm and internal base radius r cm.

The water container has no top. The inner surfaces of the container are to be coated with a water-resistant material.

The volume of the water container is 0.5 m 3.

The water container is designed so that the area to be coated is minimized.

One can of water-resistant material coats a surface area of 2000 cm 2.

Write down a formula for A, the surface area to be coated.

[2]
a.

Express this volume in cm 3.

[1]
b.

Write down, in terms of r and h, an equation for the volume of this water container.

[1]
c.
1 000 000
Show that A = πr 2 + .
r

[2]
d.
dA
Find .
dr

[3]
e.
 Using your answer to part (e), find the value of r which minimizes A.

[3]
f.

Find the value of this minimum area.

[2]
g.

Find the least number of cans of water-resistant material that will coat the area in part (g).

[3]
h.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

(A = ) πr 2 + 2πrh (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for either πr 2 OR 2πrh seen. Award (A1) for two correct terms added together.

[2 marks]

a.

500 000 (A1)

Notes: Units not required.

[1 mark]

b.

500 000 = πr 2h (A1)(ft)

Notes: Award (A1)(ft) for πr 2h equating to their part (b).

Do not accept unless V = πr 2h is explicitly defined as their part (b).

[1 mark]

c.

A = πr 2 + 2πr
( ) 500 000
πr 2
(A1)(ft)(M1)

500 000
Note: Award (A1)(ft) for their seen.
πr 2

500 000
Award (M1) for correctly substituting only into a correct part (a).
πr 2

500 000
Award (A1)(ft)(M1) for rearranging part (c) to πrh = and substituting for πrh in expression for A.
r

1 000 000
A = πr 2 + (AG)
r
 1 000 000
Notes: The conclusion, A = πr 2 + , must be consistent with their working seen for the (A1) to be awarded.
r

Accept 10 6 as equivalent to 1 000 000.

[2 marks]

d.

1 000 000
2πr − (A1)(A1)(A1)
r2

1
Note: Award (A1) for 2πr, (A1) for or r − 2, (A1) for − 1 000 000.
r2

[3 marks]

e.
1 000 000
2πr − =0 (M1)
r2

Note: Award (M1) for equating their part (e) to zero.

3
1 000 000 1 000 000
r3 =
2π
OR r =
√ 2π
(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for isolating r.

OR

sketch of derivative function (M1)

with its zero indicated (M1)

(r = ) 54.2 (cm) (54.1926…) (A1)(ft)(G2)

[3 marks]

f.

1 000 000
π(54.1926…) 2 + (M1)
( 54.1926 … )

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution of their part (f) into the given equation.

= 27 700 (cm 2) (27 679.0…) (A1)(ft)(G2)

[2 marks]

g.
27 679.0 …
(M1)
2000

Note: Award (M1) for dividing their part (g) by 2000.

 = 13.8395… (A1)(ft)

Notes: Follow through from part (g).

14 (cans) (A1)(ft)(G3)

Notes: Final (A1) awarded for rounding up their 13.8395… to the next integer.

[3 marks]

h.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.
[N/A]
e.
[N/A]
f.
[N/A]
g.
[N/A]
h.

Consider the lines L 1 and L 2 with respective equations

2 2 19
L 1 : y = − x + 9 and L 2: y = x − .
3 5 5

3
A third line, L 3, has gradient − .
4

Find the point of intersection of L 1 and L 2.

[2]
a.

Write down a direction vector for L 3.

[1]
b.

L 3 passes through the intersection of L 1 and L 2.

Write down a vector equation for L 3.

[2]
c.

Markscheme
valid approach (M1)

eg L 1 = L 2, x = 12, y = 1

(12, 1) (exact) A1 N2
 [2 marks]

a.

( )
−4
3
(or any multiple of
( )
−4
3
) A1 N1

[1 mark]

b.

any correct equation in the form r = a + tb (accept any parameter for t) where

a is a position vector for a point on L 1, and b is a scalar multiple of

( )
−4
3
A2 N2

eg r =
( ) ( )
12
1
+t
−4
3

Note: Award A1 for the form a + tb, A1 for the form L = a + tb, A0 for the form r = b + ta.

[2 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

2
Let f(x) = 3x - 4 0 . 15x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 3.

Sketch the graph of f on the grid below.

[3]
a.

Find the value of x for which f′ (x) = 0.

[2]
b.
Markscheme

A1A1A1

Note: Award A1 for a smooth concave down curve with generally correct shape. If first mark is awarded, award A1
for local maximum and x-intercept in approximately correct position, award A1 for endpoints at x = 0 and x = 3 with
approximately correct y-coordinates.

[3 marks]

a.

recognizing that f′ (x) = 0 at local maximum (M1)

x = 2. 33084…

x = 2. 33 A1

[2 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

The quadratic equation (k - 1)x 2 + 2x + (2k - 3) = 0, where k ∈ ℝ, has real distinct roots.

Find the range of possible values for k.

Markscheme
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external
assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

attempts to find an expression for the discriminant, Δ, in terms of k (M1)

Δ = 4 - 4(k - 1)(2k - 3) ( = - 8k 2 + 20k - 8 ) (A1)

 - 2 ± √4 - 4 ( k - 1 ) ( 2k - 3 )
Note: Award M1A1 for finding x = .
2(k-1)

attempts to solve Δ > 0 for k (M1)

Note: Award M1 for attempting to solve Δ = 0 for k.

1
<k<2 A1A1
2

1
Note: Award A1 for obtaining critical values k = , 2 and A1 for correct inequality signs.
2

[5 marks]

Examiners report
[N/A]

A scientist conducted a nine-week experiment on two plants, A and B, of the same species. He wanted to determine the
effect of using a new plant fertilizer. Plant A was given fertilizer regularly, while Plant B was not.

The scientist found that the height of Plant A, h A cm, at time t weeks can be modelled by the function

() ( )
h A t = sin 2t + 6 + 9t + 27, where 0 ≤ t ≤ 9.

()
The scientist found that the height of Plant B, h B cm, at time t weeks can be modelled by the function h B t = 8t + 32,
where 0 ≤ t ≤ 9.

Use the scientist’s models to find the initial height of

Plant B.

[1]
a.i.

Plant A correct to three significant figures.

[2]
a.ii.

Find the values of t when h A(t) = h B(t).

[3]
b.

For 0 ≤ t ≤ 9, find the total amount of time when the rate of growth of Plant B was greater than the rate of growth of
Plant A.

[6]
c.

Markscheme
32 (cm) A1

[1 mark]

a.i.
 h A(0) = sin(6) + 27 (M1)

= 26. 7205…

= 26. 7 (cm) A1

[2 marks]

a.ii.

attempts to solve h A(t) = h B(t) for t (M1)

t = 4. 00746…, 4. 70343…, 5. 88332…

t = 4. 01, 4. 70, 5. 88 (weeks) A2

[3 marks]

b.

recognises that h A'(t) and h B'(t) are required (M1)

attempts to solve h A'(t) = h B'(t) for t (M1)

t = 1. 18879… and 2. 23598… OR 4. 33038… and 5. 37758… OR 7. 47197… and 8. 51917… (A1)

Note: Award full marks for t =

4π
3
- 3,
5π
3
- 3, ( 7π
3
- 3,
8π
3
-3
10π
3
- 3,
11π
3 )
-3 .

Award subsequent marks for correct use of these exact values.

1. 18879… < t < 2. 23598… OR 4. 33038… < t < 5. 37758… OR

7. 47197… < t < 8. 51917… (A1)

attempts to calculate the total amount of time (M1)

3(2. 2359… - 1. 1887…) ( (( ) ( )))

=3
5π
3
-3 -
4π
3
-3

= 3. 14 ( = π) (weeks) A1

[6 marks]

c.

Examiners report
Many students did not change their calculators back to radian mode. This meant they had no chance of correctly
answering parts (c) and (d), since even if follow through was given, there were not enough intersections on the
graphs.

Most managed part (a) and some attempted to equate the functions in part b) but few recognised that 'rate of
growth' was the derivatives of the given functions, and of those who did, most were unable to find them.

Almost all the candidates who did solve part (c) gave the answer 3 × 1. 05 = 3. 15, when working with more significant
figures would have given them 3.14. They lost the last mark.

a.i.
[N/A]
a.ii.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
The functions f and g are defined for x ∈ ℝ by f(x) = 6x 2 - 12x + 1 and g(x) = - x + c, where c ∈ ℝ.

Find the range of f.

[2]
a.

Given that (g ∘ f)(x) ≤ 0 for all x ∈ ℝ, determine the set of possible values for c.

[4]
b.

Markscheme
attempting to find the vertex (M1)

x = 1 OR y = - 5 OR f(x) = 6(x - 1) 2 - 5

range is y ≥ - 5 A1

[2 marks]

a.

METHOD 1

( ) ( = - (6(x - 1) - 5 ) + c )
(g ∘ f)(x) = - 6x 2 - 12x + 1 + c 2 (A1)

EITHER

relating to the range of f OR attempting to find g(- 5) (M1)

5+c≤0 (A1)

OR

attempting to find the discriminant of (g ∘ f)(x) (M1)

144 + 24(c - 1) ≤ 0 (120 + 24c ≤ 0) (A1)

THEN

c≤ -5 A1

METHOD 2

vertical reflection followed by vertical shift (M1)

new vertex is (1, 5 + c) (A1)

5+c≤0 (A1)

c≤ -5 A1

[4 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
 [N/A]
b.

2
Consider the function f(x) = e - x - 0. 5, for - 2 ≤ x ≤ 2.

Find the values of x for which f(x) = 0.

[2]
a.

Sketch the graph of f on the following grid.

[3]
b.

Markscheme
x = - 0. 832554…, x = 0. 832554…

x = - 0. 833, x = 0. 833 A1A1

[2 marks]

a.

A1A1A1
 Note: Award A1 for approximately correct shape. Only if this mark is awarded, award A1 for approximately correct
roots and maximum point and A1 for approximately correct endpoints.
Allow - 1 < x ≤ - 0. 8, 0. 8 ≤ x < 1 for roots, x = 0, 0. 4 ≤ y ≤ 0. 6 for maximum and x = ± 2, - 0. 6 ≤ y ≤ - 0. 4 for endpoints.

[3 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

SpeedWay airline flies from city A to city B. The flight time is normally distributed with a mean of 260 minutes and a
standard deviation of 15 minutes.

A flight is considered late if it takes longer than 275 minutes.

The flight is considered to be on time if it takes between m and 275 minutes. The probability that a flight is on time is
0.830.

During a week, SpeedWay has 12 flights from city A to city B. The time taken for any flight is independent of the time
taken by any other flight.

Calculate the probability a flight is not late.

[2]
a.

Find the value of m.

[3]
b.

Calculate the probability that at least 7 of these flights are on time.

[3]
c.i.

Given that at least 7 of these flights are on time, find the probability that exactly 10 flights are on time.

[4]
c.ii.

SpeedWay increases the number of flights from city A to city B to 20 flights each week, and improves their
efficiency so that more flights are on time. The probability that at least 19 flights are on time is 0.788.

A flight is chosen at random. Calculate the probability that it is on time.

[3]
d.

Markscheme
valid approach (M1)

eg P(X < 275), 1 − 0.158655

0.841344

0.841 A1 N2

[2 marks]

a.

valid approach (M1)

eg P(X < 275) − P(X < m) = 0.830

 correct working (A1)

eg P(X < m) = 0.0113447

225.820

226 (minutes) A1 N3

[3 marks]

b.

evidence of recognizing binomial distribution (seen anywhere) (M1)

eg nC a × p a × q n − a, B(n, p)

evidence of summing probabilities from 7 to 12 (M1)

eg P(X = 7) + P(X = 8) + … + P(X = 12), 1 − P(X ⩽ 6)

0.991248

0.991 A1 N2

[3 marks]

c.i.

finding P(X = 10) (seen anywhere) A1

eg
( )
12
10
× 0.83 10 × 0.17 2 ( = 0.295952)

recognizing conditional probability (M1)

P ( X = 10 ∩ X ⩾ 7 )
eg P(A|B), P(X = 10|X ⩾ 7),
P(X⩾7)

correct working (A1)

0.295952
eg
0.991248

0.298565

0.299 A1 N1

Note: Exception to the FT rule: if the candidate uses an incorrect value for the probability that a flight is on time
in (i) and working shown, award full FT in (ii) as appropriate.

[4 marks]

c.ii.

correct equation (A1)

eg
( )
20
19
p 19(1 − p) + p 20 = 0.788

valid attempt to solve (M1)

eg graph

0.956961

0.957 A1 N1

[3 marks]

d.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
 b.
[N/A]
c.i.
[N/A]
c.ii.
[N/A]
d.

( t + 1 ) cos t
2

A particle moves in a straight line such that its velocity, v m s - 1, at time t seconds is given by v = , 0 ≤ t ≤ 3.
4

Determine when the particle changes its direction of motion.

[2]
a.

Find the times when the particle’s acceleration is - 1. 9 m s - 2.

[3]
b.

Find the particle’s acceleration when its speed is at its greatest.

[2]
c.

Markscheme
recognises the need to find the value of t when v = 0 (M1)

t = 1. 57079… ( )
=
π
2

t = 1. 57 ( )
=
π
2
(s) A1

[2 marks]

a.

recognises that a(t) = v'(t) (M1)

t 1 = 2. 26277…, t 2 = 2. 95736…

t 1 = 2. 26, t 2 = 2. 96 (s) A1A1

Note: Award M1A1A0 if the two correct answers are given with additional values outside 0 ≤ t ≤ 3.

[3 marks]

b.

speed is greatest at t = 3 (A1)

a = - 1. 83778…

(
a = - 1. 84 m s - 2 ) A1

[2 marks]

c.
Examiners report
In part (a) many did not realize the change of motion occurred when v = 0. A common error was finding v(0) or
thinking that it was at the maximum of v.

In part (b), most candidates knew to differentiate but some tried to substitute in - 1. 9 for t, while others struggled to
differentiate the function by hand rather than using the GDC. Many candidates tried to solve the equation analytically
and did not use their technology. Of those who did, many had their calculators in degree mode.

Almost all candidates who attempted part (c) thought the greatest speed was the same as the maximum of v.

a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

1
Consider the function f(x) = x 3 − 5x 2 + 6x − 3 + , x > 0
x

1
The function f(x) = x 3 − 5x 2 + 6x − 3 + , x > 0, models the path of a river, as shown on the following map, where both axes
x
represent distance and are measured in kilometres. On the same map, the location of a highway is defined by the
function g(x) = 0.5(3) − x + 1.

The origin, O(0, 0) , is the location of the centre of a town called Orangeton.
1
A straight footpath, P, is built to connect the centre of Orangeton to the river at the point where x = .
2

Bridges are located where the highway crosses the river.

A straight road is built from the centre of Orangeton, due north, to connect the town to the highway.

1
Find the value of f(x) when x = .
2

[2]
a.

Find the function, P(x) , that would define this footpath on the map.

[3]
b.i.

State the domain of P.

 [2]
b.ii.

Find the coordinates of the bridges relative to the centre of Orangeton.

[4]
c.

Find the distance from the centre of Orangeton to the point at which the road meets the highway.

[2]
d.

This straight road crosses the highway and then carries on due north.

State whether the straight road will ever cross the river. Justify your answer.

[2]
e.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

f () () () ()
1
2
=
1 3
2
−5
1 2
2
+6
1
2
−3
1

()
1
2
(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into given function.

7
(0.875) (A1)(G2)
8

[2 marks]

a.
7
0−
8
1
(M1)
0− 2

7 1
Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into gradient formula. Accept equivalent forms such as = m.
8 2

7
(1.75) (A1)(ft)
4

7
P(x) = x (1.75x) (A1)(ft)(G3)
4

Note: Follow through from part (a).

[3 marks]

b.i.

1
0<x< (A1)(A1)
2

Note: Award (A1) for both endpoints correct, (A1) for correct mathematical notation indicating an interval with two
endpoints. Accept weak inequalities. Award at most (A1)(A0) for incorrect notation such as 0 − 0.5 or a written
1
description of the domain with correct endpoints. Award at most (A1)(A0) for 0 < y < .
2

[2 marks]

b.ii.

(0.360, 1.34) ((0.359947…, 1.33669)) (A1)(A1)

(3.63, 1.01) ((3.63066…, 1.00926…)) (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1)(A1) for each correct coordinate pair. Accept correct answers in the form of x = 0.360, y = 1.34 etc.
Award at most (A0)(A1)(A1)(A1)ft if one or both parentheses are omitted.

[4 marks]
 c.

g(0) = 0.5(3) 0 + 1 (M1)

1.5 (km) (A1)(G2)

[2 marks]

d.

domain given as x > 0 (but equation of road is x = 0) (R1)

OR

(equation of road is x = 0) the function of the river is asymptotic to x = 0 (R1)

so it does not meet the river (A1)

Note: Award the (R1) for a correct mathematical statement about the equation of the river (and the equation of the
road). Justification must be based on mathematical reasoning. Do not award (R0)(A1).

[2 marks]

e.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.
[N/A]
e.

Let f(x) = e 2 sin ( ) , for x > 0.

πx
2

The k th maximum point on the graph of f has x-coordinate xk where k ∈ Z + .

Given that xk + 1 = xk + a, find a.

[4]
a.

n
Hence find the value of n such that ∑ x k = 861.
k=1

[4]
b.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

valid approach to find maxima (M1)

eg one correct value of xk, sketch of f

any two correct consecutive values of xk (A1)(A1)

eg x1 = 1, x2 = 5

a=4 A1 N3

[4 marks]
 a.

recognizing the sequence x1, x2, x3, …, xn is arithmetic (M1)

eg d = 4

correct expression for sum (A1)

n
eg (2(1) + 4(n − 1))
2

valid attempt to solve for n (M1)

eg graph, 2n2 − n − 861 = 0

n = 21 A1 N2

[4 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

OAB is a sector of the circle with centre O and radius r, as shown in the following diagram.

π
The angle AOB is θ radians, where 0 < θ < .
2

The point C lies on OA and OA is perpendicular to BC.

Show that OC = r cos θ.

[1]
a.

Find the area of triangle OBC in terms of r and θ.

[2]
b.

3
Given that the area of triangle OBC is of the area of sector OAB, find θ.
5

[4]
c.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

OC
cos θ = A1
r
 OC = r cos θ AG N0

[1 mark]

a.

valid approach (M1)

1 1 1
eg OC × OB sin θ , BC = r sin θ, r cos θ × BC , r sin θ × OC
2 2 2

1
area = r 2 sin θ cos θ
2 ( 1
= r 2 sin(2θ)
4 ) (must be in terms of r and θ) A1 N2

[2 marks]

b.

valid attempt to express the relationship between the areas (seen anywhere) (M1)
3 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 2
eg OCB = OBA , r sin θ cos θ = × r 2θ , r sin 2θ = r θ
5 2 5 2 4 10

correct equation in terms of θ only A1

3 1 3
eg sin θ cos θ = θ , sin 2θ = θ
5 4 10

valid attempt to solve their equation (M1)

eg sketch, −0.830017, 0

0.830017

θ = 0.830 A1 N2

Note: Do not award final A1 if additional answers given.

[4 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

Let f(x) = xe − x and g(x) = − 3f(x) + 1.

The graphs of f and g intersect at x = p and x = q, where p < q.

Find the value of p and of q.

[3]
a.

Hence, find the area of the region enclosed by the graphs of f and g.

[3]
b.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

valid attempt to find the intersection (M1)

eg f = g, sketch, one correct answer

 p = 0.357402, q = 2.15329

p = 0.357, q = 2.15 A1A1 N3

[3 marks]

a.

attempt to set up an integral involving subtraction (in any order) (M1)

eg ∫ qp[f(x) − g(x)]dx, ∫ qpf(x)dx − ∫ qpg(x)dx

0.537667

area = 0.538 A2 N3

[3 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

Let f(x) = x − 8, g(x) = x 4 − 3 and h(x) = f(g(x)).

Find h(x).

[2]
a.

Let C be a point on the graph of h. The tangent to the graph of h at C is parallel to the graph of f.

Find the x-coordinate of C.

[5]
b.

Markscheme
attempt to form composite (in any order) (M1)

eg ( )
f x 4 − 3 , (x − 8) 4 − 3

h(x) = x 4 − 11 A1 N2

[2 marks]

a.

recognizing that the gradient of the tangent is the derivative (M1)

eg h′

correct derivative (seen anywhere) (A1)

h ′ (x) = 4x 3

correct value for gradient of f (seen anywhere) (A1)

f ′ (x) = 1, m = 1

setting their derivative equal to 1 (M1)

4x 3 = 1

0.629960
 3
1
x=
√ 4
(exact), 0.630 A1 N3

[5 marks]

b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

Consider the function f defined by f(x) = 90e - 0 . 5x for x ∈ ℝ + .

The graph of f and the line y = x intersect at point P.

The line L has a gradient of - 1 and is a tangent to the graph of f at the point Q.

The shaded region A is enclosed by the graph of f and the lines y = x and L.

Find the x-coordinate of P.

[2]
a.

Find the exact coordinates of Q.

[4]
b.

Show that the equation of L is y = - x + 2 ln 45 + 2.

[2]
c.

Find the x-coordinate of the point where L intersects the line y = x.

[1]
d.i.

Hence, find the area of A.

[4]
d.ii.

The line L is tangent to the graphs of both f and the inverse function f - 1.
 Find the shaded area enclosed by the graphs of f and f - 1 and the line L.

[2]
e.

Markscheme
Attempt to find the point of intersection of the graph of f and the line y = x (M1)

x = 5. 56619…

= 5. 57 A1

[2 marks]

a.

f'(x) = - 45e - 0 . 5x A1

attempt to set the gradient of f equal to - 1 (M1)

- 45e - 0 . 5x = -1

1
Q has coordinates (2 ln 45, 2) (accept (- 2 ln , 2) A1A1
45

Note: Award A1 for each value, even if the answer is not given as a coordinate pair.
1
ln ln 45
45
Do not accept or as a final value for x. Do not accept 2. 0 or 2. 00 as a final value for y.
-0.5 0.5

[4 marks]

b.

attempt to substitute coordinates of Q (in any order) into an appropriate equation (M1)

y - 2 = - (x - 2 ln 45) OR 2 = - 2 ln 45 + c A1

equation of L is y = - x + 2 ln 45 + 2 AG

[2 marks]

c.

x = ln 45 + 1( = 4. 81) A1

[1 mark]

d.i.

appropriate method to find the sum of two areas using integrals of the difference of two functions (M1)
 Note: Allow absence of incorrect limits.

∫ 54 .. 566 …
806 … (
(x - (- x + 2 ln 45 + 2)) d x + ∫ 75 .. 613 …
566 … )
90e - 0 . 5x - (- x + 2 ln 45 + 2) d x (A1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for one correct integral expression including correct limits and integrand.
Award A1 for a second correct integral expression including correct limits and integrand.

= 1. 52196…

= 1. 52 A1

[4 marks]

d.ii.

by symmetry 2 × 1. 52… (M1)

= 3. 04 A1

Note: Accept any answer that rounds to 3. 0 (but do not accept 3).

[2 marks]

e.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.i.
[N/A]
d.ii.
[N/A]
e.

Let f(x) = lnx and g(x) = 3 + ln

()x
2
, for x > 0.

The graph of g can be obtained from the graph of f by two transformations:

a horizontal stretch of scale factor q followed by

a translation of
()
h
k
.

Let h(x) = g(x) × cos(0.1x), for 0 < x < 4. The following diagram shows the graph of h and the line y = x.

The graph of h intersects the graph of h − 1 at two points. These points have x coordinates 0.111 and 3.31 correct to three
significant figures.
 Write down the value of q;

[1]
a.i.

Write down the value of h;

[1]
a.ii.

Write down the value of k.

[1]
a.iii.

Find ∫ 3.31
0.111
(h(x) − x)dx.

[2]
b.i.

Hence, find the area of the region enclosed by the graphs of h and h − 1.

[3]
b.ii.

Let d be the vertical distance from a point on the graph of h to the line y = x. There is a point P(a, b) on the graph of
h where d is a maximum.

Find the coordinates of P, where 0.111 < a < 3.31.

[7]
c.

Markscheme
q=2 A1 N1

Note: Accept q = 1, h = 0, and k = 3 − ln(2), 2.31 as candidate may have rewritten g(x) as equal to 3 + ln(x) − ln(2).

[1 mark]

a.i.

h=0 A1 N1

Note: Accept q = 1, h = 0, and k = 3 − ln(2), 2.31 as candidate may have rewritten g(x) as equal to 3 + ln(x) − ln(2).

[1 mark]

a.ii.

k=3 A1 N1

Note: Accept q = 1, h = 0, and k = 3 − ln(2), 2.31 as candidate may have rewritten g(x) as equal to 3 + ln(x) − ln(2).

[1 mark]

a.iii.

2.72409

2.72 A2 N2

[2 marks]

b.i.
 recognizing area between y = x and h equals 2.72 (M1)

eg

recognizing graphs of h and h − 1 are reflections of each other in y = x (M1)

eg area between y = x and h equals between y = x and h − 1

2 × 2.72∫ 3.31
0.111 ( )
x − h − 1(x) dx = 2.72

5.44819

5.45 A1 N3

[??? marks]

b.ii.

valid attempt to find d (M1)

eg difference in y-coordinates, d = h(x) − x

correct expression for d (A1)

eg
( 1
)
ln x + 3 (cos0.1x) − x
2

valid approach to find when d is a maximum (M1)

eg max on sketch of d, attempt to solve d ′ = 0

0.973679

x = 0.974 A2 N4

substituting their x value into h(x) (M1)

2.26938

y = 2.27 A1 N2

[7 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.i.
[N/A]
a.ii.
[N/A]
a.iii.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
c.

Gemma and Kaia started working for different companies on January 1st 2011.

Gemma’s starting annual salary was $45 000, and her annual salary increases 2 % on January 1st each year after 2011.

Kaia’s annual salary is based on a yearly performance review. Her salary for the years 2011, 2013, 2014, 2018, and
2022 is shown in the following table.
 Find Gemma’s annual salary for the year 2021, to the nearest dollar.

[3]
a.

Assuming Kaia’s annual salary can be approximately modelled by the equation S = ax + b, show that Kaia had a
higher salary than Gemma in the year 2021, according to the model.

[3]
b.

Markscheme
METHOD 1

using geometric sequence with r = 1. 02 (M1)

correct expression or listing terms correctly (A1)

45000 × 1. 02 10 OR 45000 × 1. 02 11 - 1 OR listing terms

Gemma’s salary is $54855 (must be to the nearest dollar) A1

METHOD 2

N = 10

PV = ∓ 45000

I% = 2

P/Y = 1

C/Y = 1

FV = ± 54854. 7489… (M1)(A1)

Gemma’s salary is $54855 (must be to the nearest dollar) A1

[3 marks]

a.

finds a = 1096. 89… and b = - 2160753. 8… (accept b = - 2. 16 × 10 6) (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1)(A1) for S = 1096. 89…x + 33028. 49…, or S = 1096. 89…x + 43997. 4…, or S = 1096. 89…x + 45094. 3…

Kaia’s salary in 2021 is $56063. 21 (accept $56817. 09 from b = - 2. 16 × 10 6) A1

Kaia had a higher salary than Gemma in 2021 AG

[3 marks]

b.

Examiners report

Many errors were seen in part (a). Some candidates used the incorrect formula 1 + ( 100 )
0 . 02 10
or used an incorrect value

for the exponent e.g. 9 was often seen. Others lost the final mark for not answering to the nearest dollar.
Very few tried to make a table of values.

In part (b) students often let x represent the number of years since a given year, rather than the year itself. Despite
this, most were able to find the correct amount with their equation and were awarded marks as appropriate. Some
students did not realise regression on GDC was expected and tried to work with a few given data points, others had
difficulty dealing with the constant in the regression equation if it was reported using scientific notation.
 a.
[N/A]
b.

A rocket is travelling in a straight line, with an initial velocity of 140 m s−1. It accelerates to a new velocity of 500 m s−1 in
two stages.

During the first stage its acceleration, a m s−2, after t seconds is given by a(t) = 240 sin(2t), where 0 ⩽ t ⩽ k.

The first stage continues for k seconds until the velocity of the rocket reaches 375 m s−1.

Find an expression for the velocity, v m s−1, of the rocket during the first stage.

[4]
a.

Find the distance that the rocket travels during the first stage.

[4]
b.

During the second stage, the rocket accelerates at a constant rate. The distance which the rocket travels during
the second stage is the same as the distance it travels during the first stage.

Find the total time taken for the two stages.

[6]
c.

Markscheme
recognizing that v = ∫ a (M1)

correct integration A1

eg − 120 cos(2t) + c

attempt to find c using their v(t) (M1)

eg − 120 cos(0) + c = 140

v(t) = − 120 cos(2t) + 260 A1 N3

[4 marks]

a.

evidence of valid approach to find time taken in first stage (M1)

eg graph, − 120 cos(2t) + 260 = 375

k = 1.42595 A1

attempt to substitute their v and/or their limits into distance formula (M1)

eg ∫ 1.42595
0
|v|, ∫ 260 − 120 cos(2t), ∫ k0(260 − 120 cos(2t)) dt

353.608

distance is 354 (m) A1 N3

[4 marks]

b.

recognizing velocity of second stage is linear (seen anywhere) R1

1
eg graph, s = h(a + b), v = mt + c
2

valid approach (M1)

eg ∫ v = 353.608
 correct equation (A1)

1
eg h(375 + 500) = 353.608
2

time for stage two = 0.808248 (0.809142 from 3 sf) A2

2.23420 (2.23914 from 3 sf)

2.23 seconds (2.24 from 3 sf) A1 N3

[6 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

Let f(x) = x 2 − 1 and g(x) = x 2 − 2, for x ∈ R.

Show that (f ∘ g)(x) = x 4 − 4x 2 + 3.

[2]
a.

On the following grid, sketch the graph of (f ∘ g)(x), for 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 2.25.

[3]
b.

The equation (f ∘ g)(x) = k has exactly two solutions, for 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 2.25. Find the possible values of k.

[3]
c.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

attempt to form composite in either order (M1)

eg f(x 2 − 2), (x 2 − 1) 2 − 2

(x 4 − 4x 2 + 4) − 1 A1

(f ∘ g)(x) = x 4 − 4x 2 + 3 AG N0

[2 marks]

a.

A1

A1A1 N3

Note: Award A1 for approximately correct shape which changes from concave down to concave up. Only if this A1
is awarded, award the following:

A1 for left hand endpoint in circle and right hand endpoint in oval,

A1 for minimum in oval.

 [3 marks]

b.

evidence of identifying max/min as relevant points (M1)

eg x = 0, 1.41421, y = − 1, 3

correct interval (inclusion/exclusion of endpoints must be correct) A2 N3

eg − 1 < k ⩽ 3, ]− 1, 3], ( − 1, 3]

[3 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

6x − 1 3
Let f(x) = , for x ≠ − .
2x + 3 2

For the graph of f, find the y-intercept.

[2]
a.i.

Hence or otherwise, write down lim

x→∞
( )
6x − 1
2x + 3
.

[2]
b.

Markscheme
valid method (M1)

eg f(0), sketch of graph

y-intercept is −
1
3 (
(exact), −0.333, 0, −
1
3 ) A1 N2

[2 marks]

a.i.

valid approach (M1)

eg recognizing that lim f(x) is related to the horizontal asymptote,

x→∞

table with large values of x, their y value from (a)(iii), L’Hopital’s rule lim f(x) = 3.
x→∞

lim
x→∞
( )
6x − 1
2x + 3
=3 A1 N2

[2 marks]
 b.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.i.
[N/A]
b.

The following diagram shows the graph of a function y = f(x), for − 6 ⩽ x ⩽ − 2.

The points ( − 6, 6) and ( − 2, 6) lie on the graph of f. There is a minimum point at ( − 4, 0).

Let g(x) = f(x − 5).

Write down the range of f.

[2]
a.

Write down the domain of g.

[2]
c.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor differences in marking or structure.

correct interval A2 N2

eg 0 ⩽ y ⩽ 6, [0, 6], from 0 to 6

[2 marks]

a.

correct interval A2 N2

eg − 1 ⩽ x ⩽ 3, [ − 1, 3], from − 1 to 3

[2 marks]

c.

Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
 c.

A discrete random variable, X, has the following probability distribution:

Show that 2k 2 - k + 0. 12 = 0.

[1]
a.

Find the value of k, giving a reason for your answer.

[3]
b.

Hence, find E(X).

[2]
c.

Markscheme
0. 41 + k - 0. 28 + 0. 46 + 0. 29 - 2k 2 = 1 OR k - 2k 2 + 0. 01 = 0. 13 (or equivalent) A1

2k 2 - k + 0. 12 = 0 AG

[1 mark]

a.

one of 0. 2 OR 0. 3 (M1)

k = 0. 3 A1

reasoning to reject k = 0. 2 eg P(1) = k - 0. 28 ≥ 0 therefore k ≠ 0. 2 R1

[3 marks]

b.

attempting to use the expected value formula (M1)

() (
E X = 0 × 0. 41 + 1 × (0. 3 - 0. 28) + 2 × 0. 46 + 3 × 0. 29 - 2 × 0. 3 2 )
= 1. 27 A1

Note: Award M1A0 if additional values are given.

[2 marks]

c.

Examiners report
Part (a) was well done in this question, with most candidates recognising that the probabilities needed to sum to 1.
Many candidates also approached part (b) appropriately. While many did so by graphing the quadratic on the GDC
and identifying the zeros, most solved the equation analytically. Those that used the GDC, often assumed there was
only one x-intercept and did not investigate the relevant area of the graph in more detail. While some who found the
two required values of k recognised that k = 0.2 should be rejected by referring to the original probabilities, most
had lost sight of the context of the question, and were unable to give a valid reason using P(X = 1) to reject this
solution. Those that obtained one solution in part (b), were generally able to find the expected value successfully in
 part (c).

a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.

8x − 5 6
Let f(x) = for x ≠ − , c ≠ 0.
cx + 6 c

Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote to the graph of f.

Markscheme
valid approach (M1)
8
eg lim f (x), y =
c
x→∞

y = −4 (must be an equation) A1 N2

[2 marks]

Examiners report
[N/A]

Let f(x) = ln x − 5x , for x > 0 .

Solve f '(x) = f "(x).

Markscheme
METHOD 1 (using GDC)

valid approach (M1)

eg

0.558257

x = 0.558 A1 N2

Note: Do not award A1 if additional answers given.

METHOD 2 (analytical)

1 1
attempt to solve their equation f '(x) = f "(x) (do not accept −5= − ) (M1)
x x2

1 ± √21 1 − 1 ± √21
eg 5x 2 − x − 1 = 0, , = , − 0.358
10 x 2

0.558257

x = 0.558 A1 N2

Note: Do not award A1 if additional answers given.

[2 marks]
Examiners report
[N/A]

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