II.

WORD CHOICE (5pts)

Choose the best options to complete the following sentences.
1. The man’s choice to run away virtually _______ to an admission of guilt.
A. resulted B. came C. amounted D. added
2. Environmental pollution has _______ many species to the verge of extinction.
A. sent B, thrown C. brought D. driven
3. After years of working together, the partners found themselves _______ linked.
A. permanently B. indelibly C. perpetually D. inextricably
4. It was decided that the cost of the project would be _______ and so it was abandoned.
A. repressive B. prohibitive C. restrictive D. exclusive
5. Living by the ocean really _______ your _______. Once you’ve lived there, you never want to
leave.
A. came in/heart B. get in/heart C. run in/blood D. came in/blood
6. Tamara has set her _______ on becoming a ballet-dancer.
A. feet B. brain C. head D. heart
7. Paul’s been in Alice’s bad _______ ever since he offended her at the party.
A. eyes B. books C. likes D. treats
8. Knowing the confidential details gave him a(n) _______ over the other candidates.
A. edge B. possibility C. exertion D. fringe
9. He promised me an Oxford dictionary and to my great joy, he _______ his word.
A. stood by B. stuck at C. went back on D. held onto
10. His new play is not only interesting but also unique. It is really off the beaten ______.
A. track B. road C. path D. route

Write your answers here:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Keys:

1. C 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A
III. STRUCTURE AND GRAMMAR (5pts)
Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
1. John: “Our teacher, Mr. Jones, is not very flexible. He always requires us to submit his
assignments on time.”
Jack: “_______. He should know that we have to learn many subjects.”
A. I can’t disagree with you more B. I can’t agree with you more
C. That can be true D. I am not with you here
2. The more expensive carpet is a good choice _______ it will last longer.
A. by means of B. due to C. in that D. in view of
3. There was no one downstairs; so he turned off the lights again and decided that she _______
imagined things.
A. must have B. should have C. can’t have D. needn’t have
4. Little Deon : “This herb smells horrible!” Mommy: _______, it will do you a power of good.
A. Be that as it may B. Come what may
C. How much horrible is it D. Whatever it smells
5. _______ I’ve told him not to go out with those people, but he wouldn’t listen. Just let him face
the music now.
A. Many a time B. Many the time C. Quite a time D. For a time
6. _______ as taste is really a composite sense made up of both taste and smell.
A. That we refer to B. What we refer to
C. To which we refer D. What do we refer to
7. _______ the water clear but also prevent the river from overflowing.
A. Not only the hippo’s eating habits keep
B. Keep not only the hippo’s eating habits
C. The hippo’s eating habits not only keep
D. Not only keep the hippo’s eating habits
8. Computer are said to be _______ for the development of mankind.
A. here today B. here and there
C. here to stay D. neither here nor there
9. Did the minister approve the building plans?- Not really, he turned them down _______ that
the costs were too high.
A. in case B. provided C. on the grounds D. supposing
10. It was such a loud noise _______ everyone in the house
A. as to wake B. that to wake C. so as to wake D. that waking
Write your answers here:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Keys:
1. A 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. A

IV. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (5pts)

Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
1.He _______ a big fortune when he was young, so he didn't have to work hard.
A. came into B. came up C. came across D. came round
2. Are you taking _______ all of these phrasal verbs?
A. for B. down C. off D. in
3. The medicine takes one hour to _______. .
A. bear with B. kick in C. make out D. get by
4. Have you _______ with your homework yet?
A. gotten through B. taken over C. thought up D. checked over
5. Jennifer _______ the invitation to join us for dinner.
A. called on B. come out C. got out of D. passed on
6. If he's clumsy, he can bump _______ the desk.
A. by B. over C. into D. through
7. We can put you _______ for a few days if you have nowhere else to live.

2
 A. on B. out C. up D. off
8. Mary was astonished that she was _______ for the counselor's position.
A. got by B. turned down C. caught on D. come to
9. After running up the stairs, I was _______ breath.
A. without B. out of C. no D. away from
10. She nearly lost her own life _______ attempting to save the child from drowning.
A. with B. for C. at D. in

Write your answers here:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Keys:
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D

3
IV. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS (5 pts)
1. I felt a bit _______ and seemed to have more aches and pains than usual.
A. out of sorts C. on the mend
B. over the worst D. under the fever
2. A: ‘Oh, I’m exhausted! I’ve been doing homework all day.’
B: ‘Come and put your _______ up for 5 minutes and I’ll make you a cup of tea.’
A. hands B. hair C. heart D. feet
3. His English was roughly _______ with my Greek, so communication was rather
difficult!
A. levelled B. on a par C. equal D. in tune
4. Although she had never used a word-proceesor before, she soon got the _______ of it.
A. feel B. touch C. move D. hang
5. I overslept this morning and caught the last bus to school by the skin of my _______.
A. mouth B. leg C. neck D. teeth
6. If you want a flat in the centre of the city, you have to pay through the _______ for it.
A. teeth B. back of your head C. nose D. arm
7. You will be putting your life on the _______ if you take up skydiving.
A. ground B. line C. way D. lane
8. As far as her future goes, Olivia is _______. She hasn't got a clue what career to
follow.
A. on the level B. all at sea C. behind the scenes D. in the know
9. Your husband was a bit out of control at the party, to _______ mildly.
A. take it B. put it C. say D. tell
10. There is a large effort ________ to rebuild arts education in the New York city
public schools.
A. under way B. a long way C. out of the way D. in the way

Write your answers here:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Keys:
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. A

V. READING COMPREHENSION (10PTS): Read the pasages below and choose the best
answer to each question.
Passage 1
They are just four, five and six years old right now, but already they are making
criminologists nervous. They are growing up, too frequently, in abusive or broken homes, with
little adult supervision and few positive role models. Left to themselves, they spend much of
their time hanging out on the streets or soaking up violent TV shows. By the year 2005 they will

4
be teenagers–a group that tends to be, in the view of Northeastern University criminologist
James Alan Fox, “temporary sociopaths–impulsive and immature.”. If they also have easy access
to guns and drugs, they can be extremely dangerous.
For all the heartening news offered by recent crime statistics, there is an ominous flip
side. While the crime rate is dropping for adults, it is soaring for teens. Between 1990 and 1994,
the rate at which adults age 25 and older committed homicides declined 22%; yet the rate jumped
16% for youths between 14 and 17, the age group that in the early ’90s supplanted 18- to 24-
year-olds as the most crime-prone. And that is precisely the age group that will be booming in
the next decade. There are currently 39 million children under 10 in the U.S., more than at any
time since the 1950s. “This is the calm before the crime storm,” says Fox. “So long as we fool
ourselves in thinking that we’re winning the war against crime, we may be blindsided by this
bloodbath of teenage violence that is lurking in the future.”
Demographics don’t have to be destiny, but other social trends do little to contradict the
dire predictions. Nearly all the factors that contribute to youth crime–single-parent households,
child abuse, deteriorating inner-city schools – are getting worse. At the same time, government is
becoming less, not more, interested in spending money to help break the cycle of poverty and
crime. All of which has led John J. DiIulio Jr., a professor of politics and public affairs at
Princeton, to warn about a new generation of “super predators,” youngsters who are coming of
age in actual and “moral poverty,” without “the benefit of parents, teachers, coaches and clergy
to teach them right or wrong and show them unconditional love.”
Predicting a generation’s future crime patterns is, of course, risky; especially when
outside factors (Will crack use be up or down? Will gun laws be tightened?) remain
unpredictable. Michael Tonry, a professor of law and public policy at the University of
Minnesota, argues that the demographic doomsayers are unduly alarmist. “There will be a
slightly larger number of people relative to the overall population who are at high risk for doing
bad things, so that’s going to have some effect,” he concedes. “But it’s not going to be an
apocalyptic effect.” Norval Morris, professor of law and criminology at the University of
Chicago, finds DiIulio’s notion of super predators too simplistic: “The human animal in young
males is quite a violent animal all over the world. The people who put forth the theory of moral
poverty lack a sense of history and comparative criminology.”
Yet other students of the inner city are more pessimistic. “All the basic elements that
spawn teenage crime are still in place, and in many cases the indicators are worse,” says
Jonathan Kozol, author of Amazing Grace, an examination of poverty in the South Bronx.
“There’s a dramatic increase of children in foster care, and that’s a very high-risk group of kids.
We’re not creating new jobs, and we’re not improving education to suit poor people for the jobs
that exist.”
Can anything defuse the demographic time bomb? Fox urges “reinvesting in children”:
improving schools, creating after-school programs and providing other alternatives to gangs and
drugs. DiIulio, a law-and-order conservative, advocates tougher prosecution and wants to
strengthen religious institutions to instill better values. Yet he opposes the Gingrich-led effort to
make deep cuts in social programs. “A failure to maintain existing welfare and health
commitment for kids,” he says, “is to guarantee that the next wave of juvenile predators will be
even worse than we’re dealing with today.” DiIulio urges fellow conservatives to think of
Medicaid not as a health-care program but as “an anticrime policy.”
(Source: Time Magazine)

5
1. Young children are making criminologists nervous because _______.
A. they are committing too much crime
B. they are impulsive and immature
C. they may grow up to be criminals
D. they have no role models
2. The general crime rate in the US is _______.
A. increasing B. decreasing C. not changing D. difficult to predict
3. The age group which commits the highest rate of crime is _______.
A. 14 – 17 B. 18 – 24 C. 24 + D. the old
4. James Fox believes that the improvement in crime figures could _______.
A. make us complacent in the fight against crime
B. result in an increase in teenage violence
C. make us become fooled and blindsided
D. result in a decrease in teenage violence
5. According to paragraph 3, the government _______.
A. cutting down on the budget
B. is doing everything it can to solve the problem
C. is not interested in solving the problem
D. is not doing enough to solve the problem
6. In comparison with James Fox, Michael Tonry is _______.
A. more pessimistic B. less pessimistic
C. equally pessimistic D. indifferent
7. Jonathan Kozol believes that _______.
A. there is no solution to the problem
B. employment and education are not the answer
C. employment and education can improve the situation
D. people can solve the problem by improving schools
8. Professor DiIulio thinks that spending on social programs _______.
A. should continue as it is B. should be decreased
C. is irrelevant to crime rates D. is a better solution to the problem
9. The word ‘lurking” in the paragraph 2 can be best replaced by _______.
A. happening B. hiding C. impending D. looming
10. The sentence “This is the calm before the crime storm.” means "_______.".
A. There will be population booming in in the next decade
B. The age group committing crime most in the next decade is now under 10
C. The age group 14 – 17 will commit the most crimes in the next decade
D. People will be successful in dealing with the war against crime in the next decade

Write your answers here:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Keys:
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B

6
Passage 2: For questions 1-6, read the text below and choose the correct heading for each
paragraph B–G from the list of headings below (i-x). There are more headings than
paragraphs. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. There is an
example at the beginning. (5pts)
HOW DOES THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK TICK?
A. Our life span is restricted. Everyone accepts this as 'biologically' obvious. ‘Nothing lives for
ever!’ However, in this statement we think of artificially produced, technical objects, products
which are subjected to natural wear and tear during use. This leads to the result that at some time
or other the object stops working and is unusable ('death' in the biological sense). But are the
wear and tear and loss of function of technical objects and the death of living organisms really
similar or comparable?
B. Our ‘dead’ products are ‘static’, closed systems. It is always the basic material which
constitutes the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes
'older’. Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of
thermodynamics. Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is not
inexorable in the same way. At least as long as a biological system has the ability to renew itself
it could actually become older without ageing; an organism is an open, dynamic system through
which new material continuously flows. Destruction of old material and formation of new
material are thus in permanent dynamic equilibrium. The material of which the organism is
formed changes continuously. Thus our bodies continuously exchange old substance for new, just
like a spring which more or less maintains its form and movement, but in which the water
molecules are always different.
C. Thus ageing and death should not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organism possesses
many mechanisms for repair. It is not, in principle, necessary for a biological system to age and
die. Nevertheless, a restricted life span, ageing, and then death are basic characteristics of life.
The reason for this is easy to recognise: in nature, the existent organisms either adapt or are
regularly replaced by new types. Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these
have new characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or
better adaptation to the environmental conditions. Immortality would disturb this system - it
needs room for new and better life. This is the basic problem of evolution
D. Every organism has a life span which is highly characteristic. There are striking differences in
life span between different species, but within one species the parameter is relatively constant.
For example, the average duration of human life has hardly changed in thousands of years.
Although more and more people attain an advanced age as a result of developments in medical
care and better nutrition, the characteristic upper limit for most remains 80 years. A further
argument against the simple wear and tear theory is the observation that the time within which
organisms age lies between a few days (even a few hours for unicellular organisms) and several
thousand years, as with mammoth trees.
E. If a lifespan is a genetically determined biological characteristic, it is logically necessary to
propose the existence of an internal clock, which in some way measures and controls the aging
process and which finally determines death as the last step in a fixed programme. Like the fife
span, the metabolic rate has for different organisms a fixed mathematical relationship to the body
mass. In comparison to the life span this relationship is ‘inverted’: the larger the organism the
lower its metabolic rate. Again this relationship is valid not only for birds, but also, similarly on
average within the systematic unit, for all other organisms (plants, animals, unicellular

7
organisms).
F. Animals which behave ‘frugally’ with energy become particularly old for example, crocodiles
and tortoises. Parrots and birds of prey are often held chained up. Thus they are not able to
‘experience life’ and so they attain a high life span in captivity. Animals which save energy by
hibernation or lethargy (e.g. bats or hedgehogs) live much longer than those which are always
active, The metabolic rate of mice can be reduced by a very low consumption of food (hunger
diet) They then may live twice as long as their well-fed comrades. Women become distinctly
(about 10 per cent) older than men. If you examine the metabolic rates of the two sexes you
establish that the higher male metabolic rate roughly accounts for the lower male life span. That
means that they live life ‘energetically’ - more intensively, but not for as long.
G. It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reserves should tend to extend life.
Extreme high performance sports may lead to optimal cardiovascular performance, but they quite
certainly do not prolong life. Relaxation lowers metabolic rate, as does adequate sleep and in
general an equable and balanced personality. Each of us can develop his or her own ‘energy
saving programme’ with a little self-observation, critical self-control and, above all, logical
consistency. Experience will show that to live in this way not only increases the life span but is
also very healthy. This final aspect should not be forgotten.

For question 1-6, choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the list of headings
below.
Write the correct number, i-x, in the corresponding numbered boxes.
LIST OF HEADINGS

i The biological clock

ii Why dying is beneficial
iii The ageing process of men and women
iv Prolonging your life
v Limitations of life span
vi Modes of development of different species
vii A stable life span despite improvements
viii Energy consumption
ix Fundamental differences in ageing of objects and organisms
x Repair of genetic material

Example answer: Paragraph A: v

Your answers:
1. Paragraph B __________
2. Paragraph C __________
3. Paragraph D __________
4. Paragraph E __________
5. Paragraph F __________
6. Paragraph G __________

Questions 77- 90, complete the notes below

8
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your
answers in boxes 77-90
 Objects age in accordance with principles of (7) _______________ and of (8)
______________
 Through mutations, organisms can (9) _______________ better to the environment.
 (10) _______________ would pose a serious problem for the theory of evolution.

7. 8. 9. 10.

Keys:
1. ix 7. physical chemistry
2. ii 8. thermodynamics
3. vii 9. adapt
4. i 10. immortality
5. viii (7 and 8 can be in either order)
6. iv

VI. GUIDED CLOZE TEST (10pts): Read the following passages and decide which option
A,B, C or D best fits each space.
Passage 1
The coolest kids in Europe share a single (1) ______ they want to get married, have
children and live happily ever after. They know it means (2) ______ their children first and
sticking with their spouses even if they slip out of love. This news comes from the report of a
new study that (3) ______ out to find the answer to the modem riddle: What will today's youth
really, really want tomorrow?
Poignantly, one of the clearest answers is that they want to have happy families. Even in
the most (4) ______ countries there was condemnation for divorce, demands that parents should
keep their marriage (5) ______ and admiration for stable couples.
It appears that among the middle classes, the quality of our children's lives has suffered
from the pressures on parents in high-stress professions. In the days when the concept of 'quality
time' first (6) ______, I remember seeing a TV producer on (7) _______ dial home on her mobile
phone to read her son a bedtime story. This is just not good enough.
Quality time cannot be time (8) ______. Children need unconditional time in the same
way that they need unconditional love. This study found a generation that had given up trying to
(9) ______ its parents' attention but was (10) ______ to do better by its own children.
1. A. drive B. eagerness C. ambition D. yearning
2. A. putting B. keeping C. having D. wanting
3. A. made B. aimed C. looked D. set
4. A. loose B. relaxed C. generous D. liberal
5. A. oaths B. vows C. pledges D. promises
6. A. proceeded B. revealed C. emerged D. rose
7. A site B. place C. situation D. location
8. A organized B. managed C. controlled D. disciplined
9. A have B. make C. get D. take
10. A determined B. firm C. persistent D. stubborn

9
Write your answers here:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Keys :
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A

Passage 2
KIWI SURPRISE
When a work project gave me the opportunity to return to New Zealand, I spent several
weeks (1) _______ a country I had left in my early twenties. I’d forgotten about the petrol
stations where men in smart uniforms (2) _______ to you. They fill your tank, check your oil and
still (3) _______ you less than one third of the British price for fuel. And the people rush to your
assistance if they see you (4) _______ over a map. Or the blissful absence of tips. Locals simply
cannot understand why anybody should expect to pay extra for friendly efficient service.
Given that New Zealand has about 3,000 kilometers of coastline, it should come as no (5)
_______ that social life (6) _______ around the sea. When Auckland office workers leave their
desks at the end of the working day, they don’t (7) _______ home. Instead, they (8) _______ a
beeline for the marina and spend the evening under sail on the Hauraki Gulf. There are more
yachts in Auckland than in any other city in the world- no wonder it’s called the City of Sails.
Even those who can’t afford a (9) _______ of their own will always know someone who has one,
or at the very least, will windsurf the offshore breezes at speeds that make the commuter ferries
appear to stand (10) _______.
1. A. regaining B. recapturing C. refamiliarizing D. rediscovering
2. A. assist B. attend C. supply D. serve
3. A. charge B. ask C. require D. demand
4. A. pointing B. doubting C. clamoring D. puzzling
5. A. wonder B. surprise C. amazement D. news

6. A. centers B. revolves C. turns D. gathers

7. A. move B. aim C. head D. divert
8. A. have B. do C. get D. make
9. A. vehicle B. hull C. vessel D. receptacle
10. A. still B. dead C. afloat D. upright
Write your answers here:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A

10
B. WRITTEN TEST (70pts)
I. OPEN CLOZE TEST (20 pts): Read the passages below and fill each blank with ONE
word.
Cloze Test 1 (10pts)
As a result of the recent discovery of lunar water, the moon has suddenly become a far
more interesting place for investors, (1) _______ must now view the long-term prospects with
optimism. The last manned mission to the moon drew (2) _______ a close in 1973, when two
astronauts from Apollo 17 climbed back into their lunar module, (3) _______ collected a lot of
moonrock, but bereft (4) _______ any future plans. Now the moon shines brighter for astronauts
and scientists alike, (5) _______ to the existence of (6) _______ might be billions of tonnes of
water at the poles.
There is (7) _______ high-tech substitute for water in space exploration. To support the
international space station, (8) )___________ has cost at least $100,000 a day to send water into
orbit. Not only would lunar water cut these costs, but it would additionally be used for rocket
fuel, (9) _______ two components, liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, are the elements found in
water.
Scientists are particularly excited (10) _______, given the absence of an atmosphere,
lunar water has never been recycled and they believe, therefore, that it could very well hold clues
to the formation of the solar system itself.

Write your answers here:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Keys:
1. who 2. to 3. having 4. of 5. due
6. what 7. a 8. it 9. including 10. that

Cloze Test 2 (10pts)

For over two hundred years, scholars have shown an interest in the way children learn to
speak and understand their language. Several small-scale studies were carried out, especially
towards the end of the nineteenth century, (1)_______ data recorded in parental diaries. But
detailed, systematic investigation did not begin until the middle decades of the twentieth century,
when the tape recorder (2) _______ into routine use. This made it possible to keep a permanent
record of samples of child speech, so that analysts could listen repeatedly to obscure (3)
_______, and thus produce a detailed and accurate description. The problems that have (4)
_______ when investigating child speech are quite different from (5) _______ encountered when
working with adults. It is not possible to carry out certain kinds of experiments, because aspects
of children’s cognitive development, such as their ability to (6) _______ attention or to
remember instructions, may not be sufficiently advanced. (7) _______ is it easy to get children to
(8) _______ systematic judgments about language – a task that is virtually impossible below the
age of three. Moreover, anyone who has tried to make a tape recording of a representative
sample of a child’s speech knows how frustrating this can be. Some children, it seems, are
innately programmed to (9) _______ off as soon as they notice a tape recorder (10) _______
switched on.

11
Write your answers here:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7 8. 9. 10.

Keys

1. using/ analysing 6. pay

2. came 7. nor
3. extracts/ sounds/ utterances 8. make
4. faced/ tackled/ considered/ solved 9. switch
5. those 10. being
II. WORD FORMATIONS (20 pts)
Part 1: Complete the sentence with the correct form of the given word. (10 pts)
1. The private school feared losing its _______ with the state's university system. (CREDIT)
2. That the child behaved _______ made the couple happy. (DEAR)
3. The candidate made a(n) _______ speech that incensed all those who heard it. (FLAME)
4. The business is _______ as it can no longer meet the repayments on its debt. (SOLVE)
5. A _______ is a popular place for tourists and travellers to send and receive e-mails. (CAFÉ)
6. In Scotland, there is greater emphasis on _______ by individual schools. (VALUE)
7. Babies affected by the disease will be born small, _______ and brain-damaged. (FORM)
8. She stood there completely _______, so I had no idea at all what she was thinking.
(EXPRESS)
9. “What if” questions involving _______ are familiar in historical speculations. (FACT)
10. The Prime Minister warned the people of his country that they must be ready for any
_______ - even the possibility of war. (EVENT)
Write your answers here:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10

Keys:
1. accreditation 6. self-evaluation
2. endearingly 7. deformed
3. inflammatory 8. expressionless
4. insolvent 9.counter-factuals
5.cyber-café 10. eventuality

Part 2: Complete the passage with appropriate forms from the words
given in the box. (10pts)
OFFEND) RESPECT IRRITATE TEMPER TOLERATE
GROUND CONSTRUCT ORGANIZE COMPOSE BURST
ANGER
We’ve all felt anger at some time, whether as faint annoyance or blind rage. Anger is a
normal, sometime useful human emotion, but uncontrolled (1) _______ of temper can be
destructive. People who give free rein to their anger, regardless of the (2) _______ this may

12
cause, haven’t learned to express themselves (3) _______ , says Martin Smolik, who runs
weekend residential courses in anger management. ‘It is important to maintain your (4) _______
and put your case in an assertive, not aggressive manner without hurting others. Being assertive
doesn’t mean being pushy or demanding; it means being (5) _______ of yourself and other
people.’ He adds that people who are easily angered are (6) _______ of frustration,
inconvenience or irritation and, not surprisingly find relating to other people very difficult. But
what causes people to behave like this? It seems there is evidence to support the idea that some
children may be born (7) _______ and prone to anger and this tendency is sometimes apparent
from a very early age. However, research also suggests that a person’s family (8) _______ may
have an influence. Very often, people who are (9) _______ and often find it difficult to express
their emotions come from (10) _______ and disruptive families.

Write your answers here:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7 8. 9. 10.

Keys
1. outbursts 2. offence 3. constructively 4. composure 5. respectful
6. intolerant 7. . irritable 8. background 9. . quick- 10. disorganized
tempered/
hot-tempered/
bad-tempered

III. ERROR CORRECTION (10 pts): Read the following text which contains 10 mistakes.
Underline the errors and write the corrections in the corresponding numbered boxes.
There is an example at the beginning (0).
Line
1 The arrival of satellite TV has brought up a whole new world of viewing into our living
2 rooms – if we can afford to pay for it, that is, major sport events can now be seen live.
3 Beside this, a wider variety of sports is now available. The viewer can choose anything
4 from dog-racing and sumo wrestling. Certain channels show 20 film every day, again,
5 the choice is enormous-from old classics to the latest Hollywood releases. For them who
6 like to keep informed, 24-hour news is available for the touch of a button. Children are
7 not forgotten neither. A special junior channel broadcasts cartoons and children’s films.
8 But do we really need all this choice? The danger is that we will become a population of
9 passive couch-potato with square eyes and fingers glued to the remote-control. Of
10 course choice is a good thing, but viewers should use his ability to select the best and
11 disregard of the rest.

Your answers: 0. up → on (line 1)

Write your answers here:

line Correction line Correction

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 0. line 1 up  Ø

Keys:

Lines Mistakes Correction Lines Mistakes Correction

0. (l. 0) Up Ø
1. (l. 2) sport sports/sporting 6. (l. 6) for at
2. (l. 3) Beside Besides 7. (l. 7) neither either
3. (l. 4) and to 8. (l. 9) couch-potato couch-potatoes
4. (l. 5) film films 9. (l. 11) his their
5. (l. 6) them those 10. (l. 11) of Ø

IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 PTS): Rewrite the following sentences using
the words given.

Part 1: Complete the second sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it. (10 points)
1. I was too scared to tell him what I really thought.
→ I lacked .....................................................................................................................................
2. It’s a widespread assumption that George was wrongly accused.
→ George .......................................................................................................................................
3. He declared his disapproval of the behaviour of some of his supporters.
→ He let it ..................................................................................................................................... 4.
The collision didn't damage my car much.
→ Not a great ................................................................................................................................
5. Although he is 8 years older than her, they were good friends.
→ Despite ......................................................................................................................................

Part 2: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. Use the
word given in block letter, and this word must not be changed in any way. (10 points)
6. I presume you are coming to the party Miriam. READ
→ Can I …………….........................…………………… you are coming to the party Miriam?
7. After a long hard journey, I cheered up when I saw my home. SIGHT
→ After a long hard journey, my spirits……………….....…………..................… of my home.
8. Yvonne did everything she could to ensure the trip was successful. LENGTHS
→ Yvonne .................................................................................................. to ensure the success.
9. Russ’s opinions on the new management policies were very different from those of his fellow
workers. ODDS
→ Russ ………...……………………………………..………..... the new management policies.
10. I tried as hard as I could to make sure that this problem would not arise. POWER
→ I did ............................................................................................. this problem from arising.

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Keys:
1. I lacked the courage to tell him what I really thought.
2. George is widely assumed to have been wrongly accused.
3. He let it be known that he disapproved of the behaviour of some of his supporters.
4. Not a great deal of damage was done/caused to my car by the collision.
5. Despite a 8-year-old difference they were good friends.

Part 2: 10 points (2x5=10)

6. Can I take it as read that you are coming to the party Miriam?
7. After a long hard journey, my spirits rose/were raised/lifted up when I caught sight of my
home.
8. Yvonne went to great lengths to ensure the success.
9. Russ was at odds with his fellow workers over/concerning the new management policies.
10. I did everything within my power to prevent this problem from arising.

THE END

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