LECTURE IN

TRASFER
SLAB AND
BEAMS
Methodology and Calculations
for constructing.
Transfer slab / Beams.

By
Eng. Ahmad Elmagdoub
 Content

1. Definition and Function.

2. Structure Design-light notes.

3. Execution and Construction Methodologies/

Challenges.

4. Solved Example.

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1. DEFINITION AND FUNCTION
• WHAT ARE TRANSFER
SLABS AND WHAT ARE
THEIR FUNCTION?

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Transfer beams examples

LARGE SPAN HALLS WITH PT TRANSFER BEAM

BEAM SUPPORTING MANY COLUMNS
EACH 6.0M CENTER TO CENTER OUT OF PLAN

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Transfer beams examples

CANTILEVER SUPPORTING OUTER

COLUMN TRANSFER BEAMS IN MAGENTA COLOR

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Transfer beams examples

PERIPHERAL TRANSFER BEAM PEARL PROJECT ABU DHABI

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STRUCTURE SYSTEM AND TYPES of TRANSFER BEAMS AND SLABS:
• CONVENTIONAL RC
• COMPOSITE STRUCTURE STEEL AND
CONCRETE
• POST TENSION

CONVENTIONAL COMPOSITE
POST
TENSION
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2. STRUCTURE DESIGN FOR TRANSFER: BY (ENG. ANAS DAWAS) IN THE NEAR FUTURE.
• USING ETABS AND SAFE. STRUCTURE ANALYSIS USING SAFE

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• STIFFNESS MODIFIER OF ONE
FOR THE TRANSFER ON THE
ETABS.
• SEISMIC MAGNIFICATION
OVER STRENGTH FACTOR
OMIGA (2.5/3) FOR ALL PLANTED
ELEMENTS ASCE CODE.
• SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS.
• DEFLECTION CRITERIA FOR
SERVICEABILITY CHECK.
L/500:L/1000 AS PER
AUSTRALIAN CODE
• CHECKING (SHEAR,
PUNCHING AND MOMENTS).

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• TAKE CARE TO CHECK THE DEEP BEAM ACTION USING STRUT AND TIE FOR THE
TRANSFERS

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3. EXECUTIONS AND CONSTRUCTION CHALLENGES:

A. HEAVY WEIGHT TO BE POURED ON LOWER SLABS.

B. HEAT OF HYDRATION PHENOMENA FOR MASS CONCRETE AND CRACKS
MITIGATION PROCESS.
C. THE EXISTENCE OF JUMPING FORM FOR THE BUILDING CENTRAL CORE.

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A. Heavy Weight

• Adding Horizontal CJ in a concrete

element such as transfer Slabs and Beams,
considering the lower poured part as a
shutter for the top part. (Top part is the
weight majority).

• Why we need to create a horizontal CJ in a

concrete element such as transfer slabs
and Beams. What forcing Contractors to
make two pours.
Heavy elements, need many and heavy
formworks, save time and cost by
accelerating construction.

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A. Heavy Weight

• Limitation for the 1st pour thickness.

Start with (1/4:1/3) of the total thickness and check shear, punching, deflection. (by experience)

• Structure Problem caused by casting on two stages:

Slippage due to cold joint in concrete under straining actions when upper floors are poured later.
Horizontal Shear stresses need to be resisted.

• What is the Meaning of Horizontal shear transfer between poured concrete and new concrete to
be poured later in Transfer slab or Beam.

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 • Back propping one or two floors can be a good solution if pouring in one go?

Consider transfer thickness of 3.0m, weight/m2=

3*1*1*25Kn/m3= 75 Kn/m2+formwork weight
1.5Kn/m2+ Construction LL2.5Kn/m2= 79.0Kn/m2

If the Standard capacity is 20.0Kn/prop, thus we need 4

pieces for each m2

Prop spacing = 0.5*0.5= 0.25m2

For 1000m2 transfer we need 4000 prop/standard.

80% of basement slab design load =0.8*9Kn=7.2Kn/m2

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This solution will block finishing progress till casting
Transfer and removing props from all floors, much time
and cost !!!

First floor under Transfer will need 4000 nos

Second floor will need the same

If we deduct the design LL (2Kn) and SDL(5Kn) load

from the Second and the third floors thus the transfer
load from the above shall be=79-14 Kn/m2 considering
the lower slabs poured since 28day and gain full
strength, thus the loads need propping is = 65Kn, still
needs 3.25prop/m2.

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B. CRACKS MITIGATION IN MASS CONCRETE DUE TO HEAT OF HYDRATIONS AND CONCRETE
SHRINKAGE: Refer to ACI 201.2R-clause 6.2.2.3 to see the required temp., limits

• Using cement TYPE II is the best for mass

concrete and the lowest for heat of
hydration.

• Using GGBS as partial cement

replacement is also highly recommended
where it also has very low heat of hydration.

• The maximum fresh concrete temperature at the time of placement must be limited to 25 degrees. Using ICE
to in the mix to reduce the mix temperature during its trip and till placing.

• Controlling the Water/Cement ratio in the concrete admixture within W/C<=0.35. This will help in reducing
the concrete shrinkage due to water evaporation, consequently shrinkage cracks. Workability additives can
compensate for the water reduction.

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B. CRACKS MITIGATION IN MASS CONCRETE DUE TO HEAT OF HYDRATIONS AND CONCRETE
SHRINKAGE: Refer to ACI 201.2R-clause 6.2.2.3 to see the required temp., limits

• Middel steel mesh.

• Casting mass concrete on a layers of 300mm thick will help a lot in reducing the heat of hydration of the
mass concrete with no vertical or horizontal construction joints at the full raft/transfer (2nd stage) during
casting.

• Heat Transfer between the concrete center and the top surface has to be controlled by covering the
concrete surface directly after surface settlement with a 50mm to 100mm polyethylene sheets + wet
hessian. This is required to ensure slow heat transfer from the concrete inside to outside.

• Meanwhile we must make sure that water is available for this reaction by adequately and promptly curing
the slab right away by warm water partially or spraying compound to prevent water evaporation after getting
hardened concrete. Water curing to be done via partial removal of the polystyrene boards, submerging it with
warn water via hessian layer, then return back the cover as is and to continue part by part so on for the rest.

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B. CRACKS MITIGATION IN MASS CONCRETE DUE TO HEAT OF HYDRATIONS AND CONCRETE
SHRINKAGE: Refer to ACI 201.2R-clause 6.2.2.3 to see the required temp., limits

• In addition to the above and to reduce the overall concrete temperature a temporary shedding for the fixed
steel can be provided so as not to let the raft steel absorb much heat before casting. In some projects a water
spray with little amounts can be used to cool the steel and the formwork before casting.

• The maximum concrete temperature at its center has to be limited to 70/75 degrees, and the temperature
difference between concrete core and near the top surface must be limited into 20 degrees.

• Use cooling pipes inside the concrete middle to reduce the central high temperature.

• Asking the contractor to make cubical mockup with the maximum poured concrete dimension and follow
up results to ensure its compatibility with the code requirements, otherwise change upper values.

• This can be controlled by monitoring the raft temperature at a certain point during casting, and for a period
of two weeks via Thermocouples system. This system must be provided by a third party, who must submit his
thermocouple’s locations at the raft layout and also has to submit his method of statement for the Engineer’s
approval before cast.
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RAFT AREA 2500M2 21
TEP., MEASURING INSTRUMENT

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C. THE EXISTENCE OF JUMPING FORM FOR THE BUILDING CENTRAL CORE:

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C. THE EXISTENCE OF JUMPING FORM FOR THE BUILDING CENTRAL CORE:

• Jumping form will prevent monolithic action of concrete between transfer and core.
• Jumping form dismantling will need almost one month to remove and pour normal then rebuild it.
• Better to keep the jumping as is and to take the ultimate one-way shear values around the core
(maximum and minimum) at the transfer interface and to design this connection by adding shear friction
steel via thread and couplers.

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• To design for shear friction please follow ACI 318-2019, clause 22.9.4.2, see below table.

Ex: if the maximum ultimate shear value/m is

5000Kn, thus, the required steel to transfer the
load to the core= Avf= 5000*1000/(1*420)*0.75=
15873.0mm2/m
=158.7cm2 choose 20T32 for one meter width
of transfer in 2.6m depth to be distributed
between the 600mm and the 2000mm based on
their shear forces.

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4. Solved Example
Click the PDF

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Thank you
Eng. Ahmad Elmagdoub
[email protected]
YouTube

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