ENGLISH 10 Q4 REVIEWER

ENGLISH 10 Q4 REVIEWER
by A.B.P. (Elysium)

● SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT - shows connection of the subject and verb in a sentence

29 RULES IN SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT:

1. The subject in verb must agree in number and person. A singular subject takes a singular verb. A plural takes a plural verb.
a. Dennis drives carefully along the highway.
b. Many men today drive their own cars.
2. Compound subjects connected by and take plural verb.
a. Rose and Linda are bestfriends in school.
b. The doctors and nurses are distributing free medicines.
3. A compound subject connected by and referring to the same person are thing takes a singular verb.
a. My confidant and adviser is my mother.
b. The secretary and treasurer of our class is a trustworthy classmate.
4. Compound subjects that are closely related or that refer to the same person or thing take a singular verb.
a. Dinuguan and puto makes a delightful snack.
b. Bacon and egg is my favorite breakfast.
5. Compounds subject modified by each and every are singular.
a. Every mother and father carries out the assigned role.
b. Each male and female students wear I.D. inside the school.
6. The verb agrees with its subject, not with the predicate nominative complement.
a. Books and magazines are the only material for his report.
b. Plain shirt and legging pants are his attire for the party.
c. Pineapples are the ship’s cargo.
7. When compound subjects are joined by or, nor, either-or, neither-nor, the verb agrees with the subject nearer it.
a. Neither the singers nor the composer is benefited by the concert.
b. Either Jim or his friends are volunteering to clean the mess.
8. When regarded as a unit a collective noun is singular.
a. The committee stands firm to impose its decision.
b. The jury holds its verdict in abeyance.
c. The crowd was very great.
9. When regarded as individuals, a collective noun is plural.
a. The audience are clapping their hands after each number.
b. The crowd cheered our band.
c. The crowd were throwing stones.
10. When preceded by the article A, the subject number is plural.
a. A number of poor children are afflicted by the epidemic.
b. A number of people have passed through the acid pests of life.
11. When preceded by the article THE, the subject number is singular.
a. The number of absentees from English class is reduced.
b. The number enrollee generally decreases during the second semester.
12. The verb agrees with affirmative, not with the negative subject.
a. The father, nor the mother decides on the welfare of the family.
b. You, not I, are accountable for the loss of the book.
13. YOU always take a plural verb.
a. You are so beautiful.
b. You were great.
14. Singular indefinite pronouns like someone, anyone, each-neither, either, take singular verbs.
a. Someone is by your side to support you at the confrontation.
b. Anyone is welcome to give his suggestions.
15. The plural indefinite pronouns such as all, some, both, several, few, many, take plural verbs.
a. Many have been invited to my party.
b. Few have come and attended.
16. When the words some, any, none, and all are followed by a phrase, the verb agrees with the phrase.
a. Some of the pencils are sharp.
b. Some of the food was not served.
17. MANY A followed by a singular noun takes a singular verb.
a. Many a novel has been written on love.
b. Many a youngster today has already been aware of crisis.
18. Nouns plural in form but singular in meaning take singular verbs.
a. Statistics provides the numerical data in question.
b. Politics is always associated with the pulling of string.
19. Scissors, headquarters, goods, pliers, wages, thanks, riches, trousers, eyeglasses etc. are always in plural.
a. Refreshments are now served in the canteen.
b. My clothes are not clean.
20. Impersonal pronoun IT at the beginning of a sentence is followed by a singular verb.
a. It is his decision to quit smoking.
b. It is small if it is far.
21. An amount of money, space of time or unit of measurement even in plural form, takes a singular verb.
a. Three meters of cloth makes a dress for my size.
b. Twenty thousand pesos is my allowance for the whole year.
22. Fractions are singular or plural depending upon the OF phrase.
a. One half of the classes are absent.
b. One third of the test papers are gone.
23. Adjectives used as nouns are considered plural.
a. The old need some recognition to feel that they belong.
b. The rich consider elite.
24. Singular verbs are used with mathematical abstractions.
a. For times eight is thirty two.
b. Nine minus five is four.
25. The indefinite pronoun NONE is singular but may occasionally require a plural verb.
a. None of the students have done their homework.
b. None of my classmates are absent.
26. When the subject of a sentence is a title, clause, a quotation or a group of words, the verb is singular.
a. “Trees” was witten by J. Kilmer.
b. To die is to rest is a statement of doubtful value.
27. The title of a book, even when in plural form, takes a singular verb.
a. Short Stories for Children is worth reading.
b. The Alien is filled with suspense.
28. Intervening words like together with, in addition to, as well as, including, and similar constructions following the subject do not affect the
number of the subject.
a. Mrs. Jackson, together with her three children, has left for Hongkong.
b. The package, in addition to two pieces of baggage, is missing.
29. The number of the subject is not changed by a prepositional phrase after the subject.
a. The sound of the branches is weird.
b. This book for children has many pictures.
c. Games of skill are taught to Boy Scouts.

DEFINITION - a statement explaining/describing the meaning of a phrase/word in a complete, clear, and exact manner.

TECHNICAL DEFINITION - describes/explains meaning of the word based on general references and other field of study sources (eg. dictionaries,
encyclopedia)

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION - in short term, contextualised; states and explains the meaning of word based on specific context; how it is applied and
measured in study

EXPANDED DEFINITION - expanded analysis; goes beyond dictionary definitions (abstract, debatable, controversial)
● Distinguishes on the characteristics
● Extra facts or info
● Examples of text
● Saying what cannot be included to describe it
○ Formal Definition (Term Defined, Class (group the term belongs to), Distinguishing Characteristics (details about the term))
■ eg. Sense of Humor (term) is the ability (class) to laugh and make others laugh. (distinguishing characteristics)

TECHNIQUES OF OF WRITING EXPANDED DEFINITION:

● ETYMOLOGY - sharing a word of origin
● HISTORICAL REFERENCES - history of term/controversies associated w/it; year, times etc.
● CAUSE AND EFFECT - self explanatory; describes how situation came about and the effects it has
● DESCRIPTION - describe word, meaning, define
● PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION - technical; how topic in question functions
● CLASSIFICATION - categorize topic
● CONTRAST/NEGATION - contradicts to the other topics in same class
● COMPARISON -compare to another word/situation
● ANALOGY - dissimilar things you compare; parang nagsynonym ng antonym
● EXAMPLE OF ANECDOTES - tells a story or example
● ILLUSTRATION - picture or image to define text

TECHNICAL TERMS IN RESEARCH: (keep in mind ung may def)

- ABSTRACT - brief overview of research study
- APPLIED RESEARCH - generate knowledge influencing/improves practice
- BASIC RESEARCH - research testing theories
- CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION - defining in conceptual or literal sense
- CONCEPTS - building blocks of theories
- CONSTITUTIVE DEFINITION
- CONTROL GROUP
- CORRELATIONAL STUDY
- DATA - info used in researched
- DELIMITATION - how study is narrowed down in scope
- DEPENDENT VARIABLE - concept researches is invested in understanding
- DESCRIPTIVE STUDY - describes “what is” eg. a survey
- EXPERIMENT - research design used to show “cause-effect” on a study
- EXPERIMENTAL GROUP
- EXTERNAL VALIDITY - how generalisable the results are
- HETEROGENEOUS - groups under study are different and varied
- HOMOGENEOUS - groups are very similar
- INDEPENDENT VARIABLE - usually indicates the influence/cause, researcher manipulates
- HYPOTHESIS - hinuha guys, yung di pa sure, inaassume pa lang
- INDUCTIVE REASONING - basis of qualitative approach
- DEDUCTIVE REASONING - basis of quantitative approach
- INTERNAL VALIDITY - extend of what study is meant to measure
- INTRODUCTION - establish scope, context, purpose of study
- LIMITATION - potential weakness of study that enables for limits
- MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY (MEAN) - average
- MEDIAN - middle of scored
- METHODOLOGY - systematic approach of conducting process; method po
- MODE - score occurring the most
- NULL HYPOTHESIS -
- OPERATIONAL DEFINITION - how term is used in study
- PARTICIPANTS (RESPONDENTS)
- PRINCIPLE INVESTIGATOR - person overseeing research
- POPULATION - target group under investigation; set
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY - reason for conducting research; objective
- RANDOM - by chance
- QUALITATIVE RESEARCH - naturalistic research; descriptive theory
- QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH - experimental research; ginagawa ng STE basically
- QUESTIONNAIRE - sets of questions for research
- RANDOM SAMPLE
- RESEARCH - systematic, objective way to generate facts
- RESEARCH DESIGN
- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY - approximate timeline for completion of study
- RELATIONSHIP - bond or connection of two variables
- SAMPLE - smaller group representing population of interest
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY - the contribution of the study
- STANDARD DEVIATION
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
- STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
- STATISTICS
- T-SCORE
- SUBJECT - individual being studied
- T-TEST
- THEORY - to test out hypothesis, neither true nor false but requires a research to be confirmed as such
- VALIDITY - accuracy
- VARIABLE - quality of interest

!nal JHS exam na natin guys ^ goodluck to all and let's ace the 4th quarter ! <3