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A Study on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

Composite

Conference Paper · February 2021

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 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Environment, and Engineering
November 29-30, 2020
Paper ID: ICMEEE-509

A Study on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Polymer Composite
Nasif Chowdhury1*, GM Faysal2, Tarikul Islam3, Habibur Rahman4, Farjana Yeasmin5
1,2
Department of Textile Engineering, Anwer Khan Modern University, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
3,4
Department of Textile Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408,
Bangladesh
5
Department of Agro Product Processing Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology,
Jashore-7408, Bangladesh

*Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyse the tensile and flexural properties of carbon fibre bolstered
chemical compounds (CFRP) together with graphene and styrene butadiene styrene (SBS).
Experimental ways are employed in the study wherever many laboratories take a look at done
on the carbon fibre bolstered polymer (CFRP) graphene and styrene butadiene styrene (SBS).
The take a look at the specimen was cut per ASTM standards. A universal testing machine
(UTM) was wont to investigate the tensile and flexural properties of carbon fibre bolstered
polymer (CFRP). It had been determined that styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) acts additional
properly in increasing the stiffness of the CFRP's, whereas graphene is additionally powerful
in achieving higher strength. Styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) other samples exhibited the
highest flexural and storage modulus among every kind. Graphene delivered samples showed
the most improvement in tensile and flexural power and exhibited maximum sturdy tensile
properties with the highest power dissipation capability in tensile take a look at. Against this,
the addition of styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) reduced the stiffness and appreciably extended
the strain to failure of the composites. The findings of the study show that primarily depends on
the fibre orientation of carbon fibre bolstered polymer (CFRP).

Keywords: carbon fibre reinforced polymer, tensile properties, flexural properties, graphene,
styrene butadiene styrene (SBS)

1. Introduction
Polymers are especially desirable as like shape substances fit in conformity with the fact they're
effortlessly technique able or their thickness is noticeably meanwhile of assessment to specific
substances. They exhibit off unusual mechanical homes. Excessive-temperature resins are back
namely complex supplies are currently used interior the procreation on excessive-pace aircraft,
rockets yet one-of-a-kind related space then electronics. The reinforcements portion the
important assign mainly when a multiple consists of handloom reinforcements dispersed into
an inclined cast (e.g., carbon/epoxy composite), the fibers carry almost whole regarding the
load. The strength and hardness about certain composites are, consequently, managed with the
aid over the power yet strictness concerning constituent fiber. Carbon yet graphite are superior
high-temperature materials with electricity then hardness houses maintainable at heat as tons as
2500⁰ k. Carbon fiber composites have been chronic because of a variety of aeronautical,
biomedical, protection, commercial, and area programs. In the beginning, these materials have
been produced because of programs the place hardware end up uncovered after extreme

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 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Environment, and Engineering
November 29-30, 2020
Paper ID: ICMEEE-509

temperatures requiring excessive usual overall performance standards, thoroughgoing over

profound rocket vehicles. These days’ cinder composites are utilized in business as well so navy
applications. The simple ideas concerning composites fabric at the facet of information among
increased manufactory are described through Inventor at reference [1]. The writer investigated
the hold an effect on fiber orientation & altitude on laminates regarding some over a sort
sized glass fibers concerning longevity the mechanical toughness houses stability regarding
toughness glass longevity filament durability epoxy resin composites. Varatharajan [2] hold
performed substantial tensile, obliquity then inter-laminar assessments about
glass/polypropylene then glass/polyester composites. Hitchen [3] well-acquainted the have an
impact on concerning the filament duration on the effort over a short carbon/epoxy composite.
They confirmed that amount strain lifestyles are impartial over string duration at someone peak
pressure. Craig D Snyder [5] of Bayer companies has confirmed so much summation of long
glass fibers has extended the flexural modulus regarding ignoble thickness polyurethane
structural shape. Low solidity polyurethane composites are a recent generation so offers latter
chances for the composites enterprise. The compressible empirical bust a seem to be at after
finding out the effects of filament walk sectional issue ratio concerning tensile and flexural
residences and dud modes regarding glass fiber/epoxy composites by way of the usage on fibers
of various movement sectional Shapes was successful by means of the authors [6]. Authors [7]
investigated the impact concerning fiber orientation or yarn content on an epoxy resin additives
of mechanical enrichment the predominant purpose regarding the existing taking care of grew
to become an imitation of seem at the have an impact on fiber orientation on mechanical
residences.
Objectives of the Study:

 Fabrication of unsaturated resin strengthened with Carbon fiber reinforced polymer and
without filler additions.
 To evaluate the Mechanical traits of the prepared composite substances.
 A mechanical feature like tensile strength, and flexural strength.
 To take a look at results of incorporation of with and without filler addition
 To understand the most suitable composition of fillers with carbon fiber reinforced
composite (CFRP).

Scope of the Study:

The literature on hand famous that no single organization of researchers has absolutely
characterized the mechanical feature of Hybrid artificial carbon fiber reinforced polymer by
using including fillers material.
The cutting-edge work is a try to make use of the natural recycled assets to expand bio-
composite material for biomedical applications along with bone Plates, bone screws fabric for
both internal, external fixations. The artificial fibers are used as reinforcement in the resin
matrix and aluminum oxide and titanium oxide are used as fillers. As a result, Aluminum oxide
is used as a stabilizer to a predictable artificial matrix, the polymer gets in touch with the earth
or water is assault via the microbes. The microbes take in the high-quality powdered aluminum
oxide go out after a permeable, spongy like structure by way of a high interfacial area, and less
structural potency.

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 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Environment, and Engineering
November 29-30, 2020
Paper ID: ICMEEE-509

2. Materials and Methods

2.1. Materials

Figure 1. bi woven carbon material, Figure 2. bi woven carbon material,

epoxy & hardener epoxy & hardener

2.2. Considering

Considering bi woven fabric offer extra harm to tolerance and expanded consciousness in
magnificent programs. The existing research born on epoxy resin bi woven weft kind carbon
thread (200 GSM) yet the form substances are epoxy resin YD128 then hardener HY140 mixed
in appropriate ratio along car temperature curing circle on forty-eight hours lengths.

2.3. Instrumental

Figure 3. Computer Figure 4. Flexural Fixture Figure 5. Tensile Fixture

Controlled UTM.

The composite laminates had been subjected after a variety of loads and computer-controlled
UTM. The specimens had been clamped then tests had been achieved. The checks were
carefully monitored then conducted oversea at wagon temperature. The liability at which the
whole cleft about the example came about has been common as much breakage load.

2.4. Tensile Test

The fixed grips are firmly joined to the inflexible and variable member of the checking out
device. The inflexible and variable grips are parallel to each different of the trying out system
in the sort of way to facilitate any load that can be carried out.

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 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Environment, and Engineering
November 29-30, 2020
Paper ID: ICMEEE-509

2.5. Flexural Test

The 3 Pt bending flexural check offers values in the desire of flexural stress, flexural pressure,
and the flexural strain-pressure response of the pattern. The principal benefit of a 3-pt. flexural
take a look at is the simplicity of the pattern education & evaluation.
2.6. Methods
 Flexural check is completed as in line with ASTM D - 790
 The take a look at the pattern to reduce as according to ASTM D-790
 Dimensions of taking a look at sample are considered at 3 varied locations beside its
height/period to discover the average move-sectional region.
 The sample ends need to be aircraft.
 The check pattern is placed at the equipment as proven in discern
 The weight is steadily applied to the test sample
 The weight and the ensuing deflections had been calculated on the distinct instant.
 Load is implemented to take a look at the sample to maintain up to most restrictions.

3. Result and Discussion

3.1. Graphs for Tensile and Flexural Test

Figure 6. Load Vs Displacement Tensile Figure 7. Load Vs Displacement Tensile

Specimen (900) Specimen (900)

Figure 8. Load Vs Displacement Tensile Figure 9. Load Vs Displacement Flexural

Specimen (300) Specimen (300)

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 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Environment, and Engineering
November 29-30, 2020
Paper ID: ICMEEE-509

Figure 10. Load Vs Displacement Tensile Figure 11. Load Vs Displacement

Specimen (450) Flexural Specimen (450)
Table 1: Tabulated results for Tensile test of CFRP samples
Orientation Max. breaking Ultimate tensile The Load at high Young’s
(degrees) load (N) strength (N/mm2) extension yield point (N) Modulus
(mm) (N/mm2)
90 7123 432.9 6.13 4166 21457
30 3133 221.04 13.47 1000.04 16833
45 4132 209.03 11.45 1122.6 5234

Table 2: Tabulated results for Flexural test of CFRP samples

Orientation Max. Ultimate Flexural Deflection Load at high Young’s 3-Point
(degrees) Breaking Strength (mm) yield point (N) modulus Bending
Load (N) (N/mm2) (N/mm2) Strength
(N/mm2)
90 534.7 12.56 8.521 51.74 6101 421
30 202.6 5.77 9.678 31.73 2456 167
45 211.3 6.22 14.54 21.78 3122 168.4

The empirical results, in reality, point out so much as soon as composite materials are designed,
the reinforcements are continuously oriented within the burden path. But, if the liability ground
is changeable or not analogy according to the fibers that turn into extra imperative in imitation
of lookup the laminate mechanical behavior. In accordance with analysis, the have an impact
on fiber orientation ±300, ±450, ±900 had been particular according to a lower location this
observe. Specimens with totally distinct thread orientations were geared up below the same
things as pointed out earlier. The experimental results show up to expectation the tensile then
flexural strengths are plagued by way of the fiber orientation notably.
The impact of fiber orientation ±300, ±450, ±900 had been selected underneath this observe.
Specimens with one in all a sort fiber orientations had been organized to a lower place the
identical conditions as mentioned before. The experimental consequences counsel that the
tensile and flexural strengths are affected by the fiber orientation notably.

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 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Environment, and Engineering
November 29-30, 2020
Paper ID: ICMEEE-509

3.2. Tensile Properties

 The tensile government is advanced in a case concerning ninety quantity orientation.
 Greater force is wanted because crack concerning Carbon fiber strengthened polymer
composite of litigation about ninety-degree orientation.
 Extra tension may stay found of 30-degree orientation. The tendril is an awful lot
much less of law about ninety rate orientation.
 Most burden at excessive cause factor in action about ninety-degree orientation.

3.3. Flexural Properties

 The flexural strength is superior just in case of ninety-degree fiber orientation.
 The stiffness property is nice at ninety-degree orientation.
 The load at excessive yield issue is most at ninety-degree orientation.
 Larger deflection is set in forty-five-degree orientation. The deflection is a smaller
amount just in case of a ninety-degree orientation.
4. Conclusion
The empiric investigations back because of the evaluation of tensile yet flexural conduct over
coal filament reinforced polymer laminates ends into the consequent conclusions. Inaction over
ninety-degree orientation the outdoor tensile lay is in a similar fashion distributed over each of
the fibers yet transmitted alongside the bead on the fibers. Whereas between suit about ignoble
string orientations, string axes are non-parallel to assign axis, early between off orbit pulling
over fibers then increased emphasis consciousness inflicting the sooner failing on laminates.
Even between case on 30 degrees or 45 dimensions orientations, the displacement into law on
laminates along forty 5 dimensions string orientation is great as like compared after laminates
together with ninety rate than 30-degree orientations, that is fit according to off latitude loading
yet sizable string carry out formerly than fracture.
• The tensile & flexural strengths are excellent between action about 90-degree string
orientation
• Specimen hold greater assign at ninety degree orientation specimens than in specific
orientations.
• Extension or deflection is minimal within litigation on ninety dosage orientations then
near among suit 30 quantity orientations.
• Deflection is almost at forty 5 orientation specimens than into ignoble orientations.

References:

[1] Prashanth Banakar, Influence of Fiber Orientation and Thickness on Tensile Properties of
Laminated Polymer Composites Int. J. Pure Appl. Sci. Technol., 9(1) (2012), pp. 61-68.
[2] R. Varatharajan et al, Mechanical and machining characteristics of GF/PP and GF/Polyester
composites, Material Science and Engineering B 132 (2006), pp 134-137.
[3] S.A.Hitchen, S.L.ogin and P.A.Smith, Effect of fiber length on Fatigue of short carbon
fiber/epoxy composite, Composites, Vol26, No 4,1995, p 303.
[4] Chin-Hsing Chen et al, Pultruded Fibre Reinforced Polyurethane Composites III Static
Mechanical, Thermal, and Dynamic Mechanical Properties, Composites Science and
Technology 52(1994), pp 427-432.

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 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Environment, and Engineering
November 29-30, 2020
Paper ID: ICMEEE-509

[5] Craig D.Snyder et al, Low-Density Polyurethane composites, Composites 2002 Convention
and Trade Show Composites fabricators Association, September 25-27, 2002, Atlanta, Georgia
USA.
[6] Deng, S., Ye, L. and Mai, Y.-W. (1999). Influence of Fiber Cross-sectional Aspect Ratio on
Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Composites, 1. Tensile and Flexure Behavior,
Composite Science and Technology, 59: 1331–1339
[7] K. Mohamed Kaleemulla and B. Siddeswarappa(2009). Influence of Fiber Orientation on
the In-plane Mechanical Properties of Laminated Hybrid Polymer Composites, Journal of
Reinforced Plastics and Composites 2010, Vol. 29, No. 12/2010: 1900–15
[8] Baker, A. A., Callus, P. J., Georgiadis, S., Falzon, P. J., Dutton, S. E., and Leong, K. H.
(2002). An Affordable Methodology for Replacing Metallic Aircraft Panels with Advanced
Composites, Composites: Part A, 33: 687–696

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