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Power Lab Report 01

The lab report investigates the behavior of passive elements in DC circuits, focusing on RL, RC, and LC configurations through MATLAB/Simulink simulations. Key findings include the transient responses of RL and RC circuits, and the resonance frequency of the RLC circuit, which was confirmed to be approximately 1.59 Hz. The results from real-time simulations in RT-LAB validated the initial simulation outcomes.

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Said Castro Ortiz
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6 views7 pages

Power Lab Report 01

The lab report investigates the behavior of passive elements in DC circuits, focusing on RL, RC, and LC configurations through MATLAB/Simulink simulations. Key findings include the transient responses of RL and RC circuits, and the resonance frequency of the RLC circuit, which was confirmed to be approximately 1.59 Hz. The results from real-time simulations in RT-LAB validated the initial simulation outcomes.

Uploaded by

Said Castro Ortiz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Passive elements in DC Circuits

Post Lab - 01 Report


Said Castro Ortiz
Power Lab EEL 4206L
Abstract: This lab explores the behavior of passive elements in DC circuits by
analyzing RL, RC, and LC configurations. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink were
performed to calculate time constants for RL and RC circuits and to investigate
resonance phenomena in LC circuits. The experiment emphasizes understanding
transient responses and the interaction of inductors and capacitors under DC
excitation.

Simulation Model:

Fig 1. Simulink Model for RL, RC, and LC Circuit Simulation.


The circuit model was developed using switches in Simulink, enabling seamless
simulation of different configurations. This approach allows for an efficient analysis
of RL, RC, and LC circuits within a single framework. The parameters for each case
are listed in Tables 1, 2, and 3. The simulated model is illustrated in Figure 1.
Table 1. System Configuration for RL Circuit.
Parameter Name Values
DC source 15 V
Resistor 1Ω
Inductor 100 mH
1
Table 2. System Configuration for RC Circuit.
Parameter Name Values
DC source 15 V
Resistor 1Ω
Capacitor 100 mF

Table 3. System Configuration for RLC Circuit.


Parameter Name Values
DC source 15 V
Resistor 1Ω
Inductor 100 mH
Capacitor 100 mF

Scripts:

Fig 2. Script in MATLAB for RL and RC Circuit Simulation.

2
Fig 3. Script in MATLAB for RLC Circuit Simulation and FFT analysis.

Simulation Results: After running the simulation and using the scripts shown in
Figures 2 and 3, the following results were obtained.

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Fig 4. Results for RL Circuit Simulation.

Fig 5. Results for RC Circuit Simulation.

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Fig 6. Results for RLC Circuit Simulation and FFT.

The graphs illustrate the transient response of RL and RC circuits when connected
to a DC source. In the RL circuit (Figure 4), the inductor initially resists changes in
current, causing the voltage across it to drop exponentially while the current
increases over time. Conversely, in the RC circuit (Figure 5), the capacitor initially
acts as a short circuit, drawing maximum current, while the voltage across it
gradually builds up until reaching a steady-state value. These behaviors align with
the expected theoretical responses of inductors and capacitors in transient
conditions.
Figure 6 presents the results of the RLC circuit simulation, including voltage,
current, and frequency domain analysis. The first two plots show the time domain
response of voltage and current, displaying oscillatory behavior. These oscillations
occur due to the energy exchange between the inductor and the capacitor, with a
gradual decay in amplitude due to resistive losses.
The third graph in Figure 6 represents the frequency domain analysis of the RLC
circuit using the Fast Fourier Transform. This plot shows the magnitude of different
frequency components present in the oscillatory response of the circuit.
The peak observed around 1.59 Hz corresponds to the resonant frequency of the
circuit, confirming that the oscillations in the time-domain response are primarily

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dominated by this frequency. This result aligns with the theoretical resonance
frequency calculated using:
𝟏
𝒇=
𝟐𝛑√𝑳𝑪
where L=100 mH and C=100 mF, yielding a resonance frequency of approximately
1.59 Hz.
Calculations:
• Time constant for RL circuit:
𝑳 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝑯
𝝉= = = 𝟎. 𝟏 𝒔𝒆𝒄
𝑹 𝟏𝜴
• Time constant for RC circuit:
𝝉 = 𝑹 ⋅ 𝑪 = 𝟏𝜴 × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝑭 = 𝟎. 𝟏 𝒔𝒆𝒄
• Resonance frequency for LC circuit:
𝟏 𝟏
𝒇= = ≈ 𝟏. 𝟓𝟗 𝑯𝒛
𝟐𝛑√𝑳𝑪 𝟐𝛑√(𝟎. 𝟏)(𝟎. 𝟏)
RT-Lab Simulation:
The model was exported to RT-LAB, as shown in Figure 7, enabling real-time
simulation and testing. Measurements were then performed using an oscilloscope,
as illustrated in Figure 8 for the RL circuit and Figure 9 for the RC circuit. These
measurements validated the simulation results obtained in Simulink, where the
yellow signal is the voltage and the blue signal represents the current.

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Fig 7. Simulation in RT-Lab.

RT-Lab Results:

Fig 8. Results for an RL circuit in RT-Lab.

Fig 9. Results for an RC circuit in RT-Lab.

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