CPDCFT TRAINING CENTER

NAME: ANGELICA LOBIANO HERAWON, L.P.T.

EVENT: DEPED Teacher Application (RQA) Junior High School (MATHEMATICS)
AMOUNT: Php 1,750 (BUY 1 GET 2)

“VIDEO LESSONS SUMMARY”

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 1: “Reorientation of Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers”

The Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers serves as a guiding framework for educators,
particularly new teachers, emphasizing the responsibilities and standards of conduct expected in the
teaching profession. It emphasizes the nobility of teaching, urging educators to approach their
vocation with enthusiasm and pride. The code outlines ethical practices, reinforcing what teachers
should and should not do, ensuring integrity and professionalism in their interactions with students,
colleagues, and the community.
What I have learned more in this training is, it is very more important for us teachers to
familiarize and be reoriented with the Code of Ethics as part of the Continuous Professional
Development (CPD), ensuring that we teachers must adhere to these principles throughout our
careers. Moreover, we teachers must push learners to their full potential. Thus, through the code of
ethics, we teachers will now be guided on how to be professionally competent in our profession and
be guided on how to possess good reputation not just in the school but also in the community.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 2: “Support for Learner’s Participation”

Supporting learners to participate is essential to education because it gives them the ability to
take charge of their own education. Students become active participants in lessons rather than
passive consumers of information when they actively participate. This active engagement enhances
retention of the knowledge acquired and promotes a deeper comprehension of the topic matter.
Teachers establish a collaborative learning environment where students feel appreciated and
respected by promoting questioning, opinion sharing, and debate participation. This method not only
improves academic achievement but also fosters critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which
are crucial in the quickly evolving world of today.
It is impossible to overestimate the importance of support in raising student engagement. In
order to foster a positive learning environment that promotes student participation, teachers are
essential. They can accomplish this by giving students helpful criticism and direction, appreciating
their efforts, and assisting them in identifying their areas of strength and growth. Technology
integration in the classroom can also be a useful strategy for raising student interest. A varied and
inclusive learning environment that accommodates various learning preferences and styles can be
offered by educational apps, online resources, and interactive learning technologies. By employing
these tools, educators can encourage students' curiosity and excitement, which will inspire them to
take an active role in their education.
Other than teachers shouldn't be the only ones encouraging students to participate. Significant
roles are also played by parents, the larger school community, and the kids themselves. Attending
parent-teacher conferences, having conversations about their child's development, and encouraging
their learning at home are all ways that parents can demonstrate their involvement in their education.
Extracurricular activities, student-led projects, and chances for student leadership and voice are just a
few examples of the policies and programs that schools can use to encourage student involvement.
Additionally, students themselves must comprehend the value of actively engaging in their education.
Students who adopt a growth mindset and take ownership of their education can become more
engaged and motivated, which will enhance their academic performance and help them acquire
critical life skills.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 3: “6 Types of Assessment of Learning”

Assessment of learning enables teachers to gauge their students' knowledge, abilities, and
comprehension, thus, it is an essential part of education. A thorough method for assessing student
learning outcomes is offered by the six popular assessment kinds that were previously stated.
Summative assessments give an overview of students' general comprehension and material
knowledge. They are helpful in assessing how well instruction is working and pinpointing areas that
need work. But it's crucial to remember that depending only on summative evaluations cannot fully
reflect pupils' development and variety of skills.
Formative assessments, on the other hand, provide continuous feedback and let teachers
track students' development over time. Teachers can modify their lessons and give more support to
students who might be having difficulties if they receive timely feedback. Formative evaluations
encourage an ongoing process of learning and development.
Performance assessments can be extremely useful for determining how well students can use
their knowledge and abilities in practical settings. These assessments give pupils the chance to
demonstrate their comprehension through practical assignments or projects. Performance
assessments foster creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving—skills necessary for success in a
variety of fields.
 Diagnostic assessments are valuable in identifying students' strengths, weaknesses, and prior
knowledge before instruction begins. By understanding students' starting points, teachers can tailor
their instruction to meet individual needs and provide appropriate support. Diagnostic assessments
help create a personalized learning experience for students.
Beyond traditional exams, authentic assessments motivate students to use their knowledge
and abilities in relevant, real-world situations. These assessments encourage creativity, teamwork,
and higher-order thinking. They give pupils the chance to show what they've learned in interesting
and pertinent ways.
One effective strategy for encouraging metacognition and student ownership of learning is self-
assessment. Students gain a better grasp of their areas of strength and growth by commenting on
their own performance and progress. Students are encouraged to create objectives, track their
progress, and take ownership of their education through self-assessment.
In conclusion, a thorough grasp of students' learning outcomes can be obtained through a
balanced approach to assessment that includes a range of assessment techniques. Combining
summative, formative, performance, diagnostic, authentic, and self-assessment techniques allows
teachers to better understand their students' development, adapt their lessons to suit each student's
needs, and promote a continuous improvement culture.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 4: “Beyond Pedagogy: 8 Other Things a Teacher Needs to be

Effective in the Classroom”
The topic of "Beyond Pedagogy: 8 Other Things a Teacher Needs to be Effective in the
Classroom" examines the extra elements that go beyond a teacher's pedagogical abilities and affect
their performance in the classroom. It's critical to develop other crucial traits in addition to pedagogy
in order to be a successful teacher. Classroom management abilities, effective communication,
flexibility, empathy, ongoing professional development, teamwork, reflective practice, and a love of
teaching are a few of these.
While good communication guarantees comprehension and participation, classroom
management abilities contribute to the development of a supportive learning environment. Empathy
creates a welcoming and inclusive environment, while adaptability and flexibility allow teachers to
fulfill the varied needs of their students. Teachers are kept up to date on the most recent research and
best practices through ongoing professional development.
Reflective practice encourages continual growth, while cooperation and teamwork strengthen
the educational process as a whole. Lastly, students are inspired to become engaged learners by
passion and excitement. Teachers can improve their efficacy and have a significant influence on
students' learning by combining these attributes.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 5: “Effective Coaching and Mentoring on the New Normal”
Effective coaching and mentoring on the new normal have become vital for assisting people
and organizations in adjusting to the difficulties and shifts brought about by the current state of the
world. Coaching and mentoring methods need to change to reflect the new normal, which is defined
by distant work and virtual contact.
Effective coaching and mentoring in the new normal should emphasize remote leadership,
emotional health, flexibility and resilience, virtual communication, and ongoing learning and
development. Through the provision of direction, encouragement, and useful tactics, mentors and
coaches can enable people to flourish in the new normal.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 6: “Ways on How to Improve Your Communication Skills”

In every area of life, having effective communication skills is important. Active listening is an
essential aspect in enhancing communication abilities. Active listening entails giving the speaker your
whole attention, observing their nonverbal and vocal clues, and expressing sincere interest in what
they have to say. People can better comprehend the speaker's point of view, prevent
misunderstandings, and react appropriately by engaging in active listening. Effective communication
also requires that ideas be expressed clearly. This entails utilizing clear, clear language, arranging
ideas logically, and taking the audience's comprehension level into consideration. People can
effectively communicate their thoughts and make sure they are understood by practicing clarity in
their expression.
Another essential element of successful communication is empathy. It entails sharing and
comprehending other people's emotions and viewpoints. People can improve relationships, settle
disputes more skillfully, and create a welcoming and understanding atmosphere by practicing
empathy. Actively taking into account the feelings and experiences of others, confirming their
emotions, and exhibiting sincere concern and understanding are all ways to develop empathy.
Furthermore, it is essential to modify communication styles to suit various contexts and target
audiences. Being able to modify one's communication style to accommodate people's varied
communication preferences and cultural backgrounds helps improve comprehension and forge closer
bonds. This entails utilizing proper vocabulary and tone, paying attention to nonverbal clues, and
modifying communication techniques to fit the preferences of the parties. By being flexible in
communication styles, individuals can establish rapport, avoid misunderstandings, and promote
effective collaboration.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 7: “Strategies and Instructions for Students with Numeracy
Difficulties”
An organized and step-by-step method of instruction can help students who struggle with
numeracy. A strong foundation can be built for children by decomposing difficult mathematical ideas
into smaller, easier-to-manage steps. To help students grasp concepts and progressively improve
their numeracy abilities, teachers might offer concise explanations, real-world examples, and practice
opportunities. Furthermore, using manipulatives and practical exercises can help make abstract ideas
more approachable and real. For example, children can better see and understand mathematical
operations by employing counting blocks or number lines. Teachers can help students overcome
numeracy challenges and develop a solid mathematical foundation by offering a controlled learning
environment and making use of tangible materials.
For pupils who struggle with numeracy, visual aids and representations are essential. Students
can better understand mathematical concepts and relationships by using visual aids like charts,
diagrams, and graphs. Abstract concepts might become more tangible and understandable with the
help of these visual aids. For instance, utilizing pie charts or fraction bars while teaching fractions
might help pupils understand the idea of parts of a whole. Teachers can engage students' visual
learning preferences, improve comprehension, and foster a better understanding of numeracy ideas
by integrating visual aids into their lessons. Additionally, students can use visual representations as a
reference when working independently on mathematical assignments or solving issues.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 8: “Developing Social Awareness and Civic Mindedness Among
Learners Through Social Inquiry Approach”
The goal of Developing Social Awareness and Mindedness Among Learners through Social
Inquiry Approach is to encourage social awareness and mindedness in students by employing a
social inquiry approach. This method entails giving students hands-on learning opportunities that
inspire them to research contemporary social concerns, cultivate empathy, and comprehend diverse
viewpoints.
By investigating the underlying causes and effects of social issues, confronting prejudices and
stereotypes, and identifying injustices, students can cultivate social awareness through the social
inquiry approach. By encouraging empathy, tolerance for variety, and a sense of social duty, the
method also cultivates social mindedness. Teachers can enable students to become involved,
knowledgeable, and caring members of society by actively involving them in the study of social issues
and fostering critical thinking.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 9: “Classroom Management Tips”

Creating a happy and productive learning environment requires effective classroom
management. Setting clear expectations for conduct, involvement, and academic achievement is a
vital piece of advice. Students should be made aware of these standards in a clear and consistent
manner. Students are more inclined to act positively and take responsibility for their education when
they are aware of the expectations placed on them. Furthermore, developing a good rapport with
pupils is essential to efficient classroom management. Be considerate, respectful, and genuinely
concerned about their wellbeing. Develop a welcoming and inclusive classroom environment by
getting to know each of your students personally. Students are more inclined to participate fully,
adhere to classroom regulations, and support a pleasant learning environment when they feel
appreciated and connected.
Actively involving pupils in the learning process is an additional essential piece of advice. Use
interactive teaching techniques that encourage involvement and active learning from your students.
Make use of a range of teaching strategies, including talks, group projects, practical exercises, and
technological integration. Giving pupils the chance to actively interact with the material increases their
commitment to learning and increases the likelihood that they will remain motivated and focused.
Establishing efficient classroom procedures is also essential for upholding discipline and reducing
disturbances. Clearly explain everyday activities to kids and establish consistent routines for them. By
establishing a predictable framework, routines help kids move between assignments with ease and
lower the risk of behavioral problems. Students feel more secure and are better able to concentrate
when they are aware of what to expect.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 10: “Improving Socio Emotional Learning of Educators Toward
Student Success”
Enhancing teachers' socioemotional skills is essential to fostering a caring and encouraging
learning environment that encourages student achievement. Programs for professional development
are essential to this process. These initiatives can give teachers the tools and training they need to
improve their own socioemotional competencies. Teachers can better comprehend and address the
social and emotional needs of their pupils by improving their self-awareness, self-management, and
social awareness. Consequently, this enables them to provide a favorable classroom environment
that promotes mental health and aids in academic development.
Enhancing socio-emotional learning also requires educators to collaborate together and
support one another. Teachers can exchange best practices for integrating socio-emotional learning
into their lessons and participate in peer-to-peer learning. Teachers can share their struggles and
achievements, reflect on their own experiences, and gain knowledge from one another through
collaborative talks and workshops. Teachers can improve their own socioemotional competencies and
create plans to help their students' socioemotional growth by creating a positive professional learning
environment. This cooperative approach also contributes to the development of a school-wide culture
that promotes the welfare of teachers and students and supports socioemotional learning.
Additionally, enhancing educators' socioemotional learning requires incorporating
socioemotional learning into the curriculum as a whole. By integrating SEL courses and activities into
their regular teaching routines, educators can help students grow their socioemotional competencies
while simultaneously giving them the chance to practice and model these abilities. Teachers can
assist students in developing critical life skills like self-awareness, empathy, and responsible decision-
making by incorporating SEL into academic topics. Because teachers actively participate in the
process alongside their students, this holistic approach to education not only fosters students'
socioemotional development but also enriches their own socioemotional learning.
In conclusion, developing teachers' socioemotional skills is essential to fostering a caring and
supportive learning environment. Enhancing educators' socio-emotional abilities and competencies
can be achieved through professional development programs, teacher cooperation, and curriculum
integration of SEL. Schools can better support the success and well-being of their children by making
investments in the socioemotional development of their teachers.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 11: “Learning Styles”

Learning Styles implies the idea that different people have distinct learning preferences and
methods. Kinesthetic learners learn best through hands-on experiences, auditory learners prefer
vocal explanations, and visual learners prefer visual aids and materials. Although it can be useful to
understand learning types, research indicates that training that is specifically tailored to learning
styles may not be very successful. It is more advantageous to offer a range of teaching strategies that
accommodate different learning styles, fostering an inclusive and productive learning environment.
Learning outcomes can be improved and teaching effectiveness increased by identifying and
catering to various learning styles. Using visual aids like charts, graphs, and pictures in lessons is
beneficial for visual learners. Discussions and lectures are ideal for auditory learners, and teachers
can utilize audio resources and give concise verbal explanations. When given the opportunity to
actively engage with the curriculum through hands-on activities and physical experiences, kinesthetic
learners thrive. Teachers can establish a more stimulating and inclusive learning environment that
meets the requirements of every student by combining a range of teaching strategies that
accommodate various learning preferences.
It's important to remember that people may have preferences for more than one learning style,
therefore learning styles shouldn't be viewed as rigid classifications. Furthermore, studies indicate
that modifying instruction only on the basis of learning styles is not very effective. It is more
advantageous to take a comprehensive strategy that integrates diverse teaching techniques and
strategies, such differentiated education. By acknowledging each student's unique needs and
strengths, differentiated instruction enables individualized learning experiences that support the best
possible learning results.
In conclusion, personal preferences and methods of learning are referred to as learning styles.
Common learning modes include kinesthetic, visual, and auditory. Understanding learning styles can
be helpful, but it's also critical to offer a range of teaching strategies that accommodate different
learning types. Personalized learning experiences that meet the needs of every student and advance
successful learning outcomes are made possible by using a comprehensive approach, such as
differentiated teaching.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 12: “Intervention Strategies for Students at Risks in Distance
Learning”
"Intervention Strategies for Students at Risk in Distance Learning" focuses on addressing the
specific needs of students who may be at risk or facing challenges in a distance learning
environment. Teachers can help these students by putting in place intervention measures that
prioritize social-emotional well-being, increase student motivation and engagement, and offer extra
academic support.
Increasing academic resources and support is a crucial intervention strategy. Small-group
instruction, individualized virtual tutoring sessions, and focused treatments for particular academic
areas are a few examples of this. Teachers can assist students in improving their comprehension and
performance in distant learning by addressing academic gaps and offering focused support. Teachers
can give individualized training, additional practice materials, and opportunity for explanation and
feedback by utilizing online platforms and resources.
 Prioritizing pupils' social and emotional health is another important aspect. Students'
motivation and mental health may suffer from distance learning, which can sometimes be lonely.
Creating a welcoming and inclusive virtual classroom environment can help students feel connected,
appreciated, and inspired to actively participate in their education. Teachers can also include
opportunities for students to connect with their peers, virtual counseling sessions, and frequent
check-ins. During distance learning, students' social-emotional wellbeing can also be supported by
offering them tools and advice on stress management, self-care, and resilience development.
Improving student enthusiasm and engagement is also essential in online learning. To make
learning experiences more interesting and pertinent, educators might use interactive internet tools,
multimedia resources, and choice in assignments and projects. Virtual badges and awards are
examples of gamification components that can be used to encourage participation and task
completion. Teachers can boost student motivation and lower the chance of disengagement in online
learning by creating engaging and interactive learning experiences.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 13: “An Approach to Spiritual Development in Schools”

The aim of "An Approach to Spiritual Development in Schools" is to support students' spiritual
development and well-being in a classroom environment. This method entails establishing a
welcoming and inclusive atmosphere, including spiritual elements into the curriculum, and
encouraging a spirit of service and community.
Establishing a welcoming and inclusive atmosphere where students feel comfortable exploring
their own spiritual identities and having candid conversations about their beliefs is an essential aspect
of this approach. Schools can inspire students to examine their values, beliefs, and life purpose by
cultivating an environment that respects and accepts a range of spiritual practices and beliefs.
Another essential aspect of this approach is incorporating spiritual elements into the
curriculum. Teachers can allow students to consider their own values and views by integrating
conversations on ethics, morality, empathy, and compassion into a variety of topic areas. Students
can explore their spiritual development and establish a connection with their inner selves through the
introduction of mindfulness practices, meditation, or reflective exercises. Students gain a sense of
direction and significance in their life as a result of the incorporation of spiritual topics.
Additionally, encouraging a sense of contribution and connection helps students grow
spiritually. Empathy, compassion, and a sense of interconnectedness with others are fostered by
supporting volunteerism, service-learning initiatives, and acts of kindness. Students gain a greater
awareness of their place in the world and a sense of social responsibility by taking part in activities
that benefit their communities. Students are inspired to practically embody their spiritual ideals and
beliefs by this sense of community and service.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 14: “Coaching on Teachers Reflection Form”

"Coaching on Teachers' Reflection Form" refers to assisting and advising teachers in using
reflection forms for their own professional development. Teachers can use organized documents
called reflection forms to consider their experiences, instructional methods, and opportunities for
development. Teachers who receive coaching in these ways are better able to reflect on themselves,
improve their teaching methods, and encourage ongoing development.
The first step in coaching is to introduce teachers to the form's structure and goal, highlighting
the advantages of reflection for career advancement. It's critical to support educators in self-reflection
by motivating them to think about teaching methods, classroom management approaches, student
involvement, and evaluation procedures. Teachers can find their areas of strength and improvement
by engaging in candid and honest self-reflection.
Teachers' reflection process is aided by the provision of samples and questions. While
examples provide templates for how to effectively articulate experiences and insights, prompts and
guiding questions assist educators in delving further into their reflections. Another essential
component of coaching is creating meaningful goals based on reflections. Coaches help educators
pinpoint areas that need work, develop plans of action, and establish reasonable deadlines. They
also offer materials or recommendations for chances for professional growth that fit the objectives of
educators.
Coaches provide encouragement and helpful criticism all along during the process. A
supportive environment for reflective practice is created by identifying teachers' strengths, praising
their progress, and offering recommendations for enhancement. Teachers are inspired to continue
their introspective journeys when accomplishments are celebrated and support is given. In the end,
providing teachers with coaching on their reflection forms enables them to think deeply on
themselves, formulate objectives, and make well-informed choices to improve their teaching methods,
which promotes ongoing development and better learning outcomes for students.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 15: “Coaching on Communication Skills”

"Coaching on Communication Skills" refers to helping people develop their communication
skills by offering them direction and encouragement. In social, professional, and personal encounters,
effective communication is crucial. Enhancing a person's communication style's impact, efficacy, and
clarity is the goal of coaching.
 The significance of having effective communication skills is emphasized by communication
skills coaching. Building healthy relationships, settling disputes, clearly expressing thoughts, and
promoting understanding all depend on effective communication. In a variety of contexts, it is
essential for collaboration, leadership growth, and career success.
Building boldness and confidence, improving verbal and nonverbal communication, and honing
active listening techniques are all important components of coaching. Active listening strategies, such
keeping eye contact and exhibiting empathy, assist people in comprehending the viewpoints of others
and reacting suitably. Clarity, tone, and flexibility are all important components of improving verbal
communication because they enable people to communicate ideas succinctly and modify their
delivery for various audiences. Understanding non-verbal clues, such body language and facial
expressions, enables people to accurately read others' non-verbal cues and effectively communicate
their own messages. Gaining confidence and assertiveness enables people to handle challenging
situations tactfully, express their opinions with assurance, and stand up for their demands and limits.
Giving feedback and role-playing opportunities are other components of communication skills
coaching. Giving constructive criticism enables people to build on their strengths and pinpoint areas
for development. Through role-playing, people can get advice on successful communication
techniques and practice various communication scenarios.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 16: “Coaching on Demonstration Teaching”

Coaching on Demonstration Teachings" involves providing guidance and support to educators
in delivering effective and impactful demonstration lessons. These sessions allow educators to model
effective teaching practices and share innovative strategies with their peers or mentees. Coaching on
demonstration teachings includes helping educators prepare for their lessons, providing constructive
feedback, encouraging reflection and collaboration, and offering follow-up support.
Demonstration teachings serve a purpose in promoting professional growth by providing
opportunities for educators to showcase their instructional skills and inspire their colleagues. Coaches
assist educators in preparing for these lessons by helping them select appropriate content, design
engaging activities, and create a clear lesson structure. They also provide guidance on aligning the
lesson with learning objectives and incorporating effective instructional strategies.
Coaches play a crucial role in providing constructive feedback to educators after the
demonstration teaching. They observe the lesson, take notes, and provide specific feedback on
instructional techniques, classroom management, student engagement, and pacing. This feedback
focuses on both strengths and areas for improvement, offering alternative approaches and
suggesting resources or professional development opportunities to support the educator's growth.
Reflection and collaboration are essential components of coaching on demonstration
teachings. Coaches encourage educators to reflect on their own performance and engage in
collaborative discussions with their peers. This allows educators to identify their strengths, areas for
growth, and opportunities for refinement. By facilitating group discussions or one-on-one
conversations, coaches foster a supportive professional learning community where educators can
share their experiences, exchange feedback, and learn from one another

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 17: “Introduction to the Essence of Computer Literacy”

The ability to utilize a computer is known as computer literacy, which is defined as the
knowledge and comprehension of computers and their functions. The benefits of being computer
literate are explained in this video lecture, especially when it comes to taking online or new regular
classes.
To become more knowledgeable and computer literate, a teacher must be able to utilize a
computer and understand its basic functions. A teacher or an assistant can enter and record grades,
maintain records, and create reports. Making an effective curriculum vitae or resume while looking for
a job or position is one advantage of being computer literate. It may increase your employment rate
because your employer will know that you are capable of utilizing a computer to complete reports and
paperwork.
You can save time, particularly as a teacher, by using applications to access your records
instantly without having to do it by hand. Paperwork can be organized, saved, and kept private. If you
wish to transfer documents, it's simple to copy and paste them. Computers are thought to be able to
make your work more precise because they can calculate accurate results from anything you input
and encode. The second is being a self-directed learner, which can help you become computer
literate when you study independently or by doing. You may experiment, particularly with computers,
and you can become more knowledgeable every day with an interest in learning how to use them.
As a result, computer literacy can help you develop your abilities in a variety of ways. You will
learn things by applying them to real-world situations, and it is still crucial that you be able to use a
computer to make your life easier and more convenient.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 18: “Basic Computer Skills and Literacy”

Computer Literacy
1. Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.2. The level of expertise and familiarity
someone has with computer.3. Computers are everywhere.
Computer
1. Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.
2. A machine that can be programmed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations
automatically.
3. A machine or device that performs processes, calculations and operations based on instructions
provided by a software or hardware program.
Two main parts of the computer
1. Hardware - physical parts of the computer system.
2. Software

HARDWARE
Types of Computers:
A. Desktops B. Laptops C. Tablets D. Smartphones

Part of Desktop Computers

A. Monitor B. Keyboard C. Mouse D. Tower

Part of the Mouse

A. Left button B. Right button C. Center D. USB Cable

Purpose of Using the Mouse

A. Moving the cursor - there are 3 different types of cursor: arrow, the hand, and the hourglass.
B. Single Click - select things
C. Double Click - open things
D. Drag and Drop - moves objects
E. Right Button - option display

The Keyboard
Parts of the Keyboard
A. Letters
B. Numbers
C. Symbols
D. Space Bar
E. Num Lock
F. Return
G. Backspace
H. Caps Lock
I. Shift
J. Tab
K. Windows
L. Arrows

Using the Keyboard Letter Keys

Press a letter key to type letters in lower case. Press the shift key and the letter key at the same time
to type the letter in upper case. To type in all uppercase, press the caps lock key again to turn caps
lock off.

Using the Keyboard Numbers, Symbols & Num Lock

Press a number key to type numbers. Press the shift key and a number key at the same time to get
the symbol above the number. The Num Lock button turns the 10 key pad on and off.

Using the Keyboard Arrow Keys, Windows Key and Ctrl+ Alt+ Del
Press the arrow keys to move the cursor around the page. The windows key is a feature on most
computers. Press the windows key again to leave the windows menu. Press the ctrl key, the alt key
and the delete key all the same time to bring up the computer’s user options window. To close the
window, press the escape key.

The Components of a Computer

An input device is a hardware used to enter data and instructions.

An output device is a hardware that conveys information to a user.
The system unit is a box-like case containing electronic components used to process data.

The two main components on the mother board is the

(1) Central Processing Unit (CPU) which is also called a processor and carries out instructions that
tell computer what to do and
(2) the Memory that is the temporary holding place for data and instructions.

Storage holds data, instructions, and information for future use.

Storage media is the physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored.
Storage device records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium. Floppy Disk is athin,
circular, flexible disk enclosed in rigid plastic shell. A Zip Disk looks similar but has muchgreater
storage capability. (=170 floppy disks)
Hard Disk provides much greater storage capacity than a floppy disk, or Zip disk and housedinside
the system unit.
Compact Disc is a flat, round, portable metal disc. Examples are the CD-ROM and CD-
RW(Capacity: 673-768 MB) and DVD-ROM and DVD-RW (Capacity: 4.7-17.1 GB)
Miniature Storage Media is portable, thin, memory cards used in digital cameras and handheld
computers.
Other storage devices are memory card reader, external optical drives, USB flash memory and
media devices.
Ports - input and outputs
Ports for headphones, USB plugs, microphones, etc. What is inside the Black Box?
Power Supply
Storage Units
Memory Card
Video Card
CPU
Sound Card

Categories of Computers
1. Personal Computers (desktop)
2. Mobile computers and mobile devices
3. Midrange servers4. Mainframe computers5. Supercomputers

The two most popular series of personal computers are the PC and compatibles that use the
Windows operating system and Apple Macintosh that uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS)

Desktop computer is designed so all of the components fit on or under a desk or table.
A notebook computer is portable, small enough to fit on your lap (2lbs to 9 lbs.). It is also called a
laptop and generally more expensive than a desktop computer.
A tablet PC resembles a letter-sized slate. It allows you to write on the screen using a stylus. The
smaller version is the modular computer.
The Web-enabled handheld computers allow you to check e-mail and access the Internet. The
Web-enabled telephone is a smart phone.
The Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) provides personal organizer functions. It includes Calendar,
Appointment Book, Address Book, Calculator and Notepad.
The five categories of computer users are the Home, Small Office/Home Office, Mobile, Large
Business and Power.

SOFTWARE
 The software are programs that tell the computer what to do.
 The computer software is a system software (Operating System OS: Windows 7, Windows 8,
Mac) and utilities.
These are also applications such as Microsoft Office, databases, games, and internet browsers.
Application Software are programs that perform specific tasks for users.
Examples: 1. Suite - popular software applications bundled together as a single unit.
2. Windows Desktop includes Start Button, Program Buttons, Taskbar, Notification Area,
Show Desktop Button, Gadgets, Window Explorer, and Shortcuts.
3. The popular programs includes Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Slides/Presentations,
Image Manipulation, Desktop Publishing and Databases.
4. The program similarities are minimized, maximize, and close. It also includes the key
strokes such as Cut, Copy, Paste, Undo, and Redo.
5. Files is a complete piece of data, “opened” by some piece of software, has a
“filename” DOT “filetype” and is created anytime you save anything.6. Folders holds files.
To create, click “New Folder”.

Networks and the Internet

 A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together. The communication
device is enabling a connection between computers and one type is the modem. The
communications media are the cables, telephone lines, cellular radio, and satellites.
 We need network to share resources, hardware devices, software programs, data and
information. It also enables us to save time and money.
  The server manages the resources on a network. A client accesses the resources on the
server.
 The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of computers.
 Users access the internet for communications, information, shopping, banking/investing,
classes, and entertainment.
 World Wide Web are the billions of documents called web pages that is available to anyone
connected to the Internet. Web site is a collection of related Web pages. Web Page contains
text, graphics, sound, videos, and links to other Web Pages. You can share information by
creating Web pages or posting photos on a photo community.

VIDEO LESSON SUMMARY 19: “Computer in Education”