A 4𝑚 cantilever reinforced concrete beam has a width of 300 𝑚𝑚 and a total depth of 560 𝑚𝑚 with and effective depth

of 490 𝑚𝑚. It is reinforced with 5 − 28𝑚𝑚 bars. 𝑓𝑐 ’ = 30 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎. In addition to live load and its own
weight, the beam carries a 150𝑚𝑚 thick concrete slab (casted monolithically with the beam) with a tributary width of
𝑘𝑁
4𝑚. The unit weight of concrete is 24 𝑚3. Use 2010/2015 NSCP.
𝜋 2 2
𝑓𝑠 − 𝑓𝑦 871.62 − 415
𝑎. 𝐴𝑠 = 5 ∗ ∗ 28 = 980𝜋 𝑚𝑚 𝜑 = 0.65 + 0.25 = 0.65 + 0.25
4 1000 − 𝑓𝑦 1000 − 415
0.05 ′
𝛽1 = 0.85 − 𝑓 𝑐 − 28 ≥ 0.65 𝜑 = 0.845
7
0.05 𝑴 − 𝟑 − 𝟐:
𝛽1 = 0.85 − 30 − 28 = 0.836
7 𝑥(𝜑) 𝑦(𝑓𝑠)
𝐶=𝑇 𝜑 = 871.62𝑥ො
0.65 415 𝜑 = 0.845
0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
0.85(30)𝑎(300) = 980𝜋(415) 0.9 1000
𝑎 = 167.02 𝑚𝑚 𝑎
′
𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 𝜑0.85𝑓 𝑐𝑎𝑏(𝑑 − )
𝑐 = 𝑎Τ𝛽1 = 167.02/0.836 = 199.78 𝑚𝑚 2
167.02
𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 0.845[0.85(30)(167.02)(300)(490 − )
𝑑𝑡 − 𝑐 490 − 199.78 2
𝑓𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 871.62 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑐 199.78 𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 438.84 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
∴ 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 ; 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑍𝑜𝑛𝑒

a) Calculate the design moment capacity of the beam in kN-m.

 A 4𝑚 cantilever reinforced concrete beam has a width of 300 𝑚𝑚 and a total depth of 560 𝑚𝑚 with and effective depth
of 490 𝑚𝑚. It is reinforced with 5 − 28𝑚𝑚 bars. 𝑓𝑐 ’ = 30 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎. In addition to live load and its own
weight, the beam carries a 150𝑚𝑚 thick concrete slab (casted monolithically with the beam) with a tributary width of
𝑘𝑁
4𝑚. The unit weight of concrete is 24 𝑚3. Use 2010/2015 NSCP.
𝑏. 𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢
150 𝑚𝑚 𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 1.2𝑀𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝑀𝐿𝐿
𝑤𝑑𝑙 𝑙2 𝑤𝑙𝑙 𝑙2
𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 1.2 + 1.6
2 2
410 𝑚𝑚
17.352 4 2 𝑤𝑙𝑙 4 2
438.84 = 1.2 + 1.6
2 2

300 𝑚𝑚 𝑤𝑙𝑙 = 21.27 𝑘𝑁ൗ𝑚

𝐷𝐿𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑆𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 + 𝑆𝐼𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏
𝐷𝐿𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 24(0.41 ∗ 0.3) + 24(4 ∗ 0.15)
𝐷𝐿𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 17.352 𝑘𝑁Τ z
𝑚

b) Find the maximum uniform service live load acting over the entire span that can be supported by the beam.
Given data of a concrete beam:
Beam width, 𝑏𝑤 = 300𝑚𝑚 Effective depth, 𝑑 = 500𝑚𝑚
Concrete strength, 𝑓𝑐 ’ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎 Steel yield strength, 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎
The beam has a 2 − 25𝑚𝑚∅ bars at the compression side having an effective cover of 65mm. Use the 2010/2015 NSCP.
𝜋 𝑑𝑡 − 𝑐 500 − 168.42
𝑎. 𝐴𝑠 = 4 ∗ ∗ 282 = 784𝜋 𝑚𝑚2 𝑓𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 1181.26 𝑀𝑝𝑎
4 𝑐 168.42
𝐴𝑠 784𝜋 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 3 𝑑𝑡
𝜌𝑎 = = 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝛽1 ∴ 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 ;
𝑏𝑑 300 ∗ 500 𝑓𝑦 7 𝑡
𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 (𝜑 = 0.9)
𝜌𝑎 = 0.01642 … 0.85 28 3
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (0.85) ′
𝑎
415 7 𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 𝜑0.85𝑓 𝑐𝑎𝑏(𝑑 − )
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.02089 … 2
143.16
𝜌𝑎 < 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∴ 𝑆𝑅𝐵 ; 𝑁𝑒𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 0.9[0.85 28 143.16 300 500 −
2
𝐶=𝑇
0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦 𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 394.12 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
0.85(28)𝑎(300) = 784𝜋(415)
𝑎 = 143.16 𝑚𝑚
𝑐 = 168.42 𝑚𝑚

a) What is the design moment capacity of the beam in kN-m if the tension steel has 4 − 28𝑚𝑚∅ placed in one
layer only?
 Given data of a concrete beam:
Beam width, 𝑏𝑤 = 300𝑚𝑚 Effective depth, 𝑑 = 500𝑚𝑚
Concrete strength, 𝑓𝑐 ’ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎 Steel yield strength, 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎
The beam has a 2 − 25𝑚𝑚∅ bars at the compression side having an effective cover of 65mm. Use the 2010/2015 NSCP.

𝑏. 𝑑𝑡 = 530 𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑡 − 𝑐 530 − 185.50

𝑓𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 1114.29 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜋 𝑐 185.50
𝐴𝑠 = 6 ∗ ∗ 282 = 1176𝜋 𝑚𝑚2
4 ′𝑐 ∴ 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 ;
𝐴𝑠 1176𝜋 0.85𝑓 3 𝑑𝑡
𝜌𝑎 = = 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝛽1
𝑏𝑑 300 ∗ 500 𝑓𝑦 7 𝑡 𝑐 − 𝑑′ 185.50 − 65
𝑓′𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 389.76 𝑀𝑝𝑎
0.85 28 3 530 𝑐 185.50
𝜌𝑎 = 0.02463 … 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.85
415 7 500 ∴ 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.02215 …
𝜌𝑎 > 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∴ 𝐷𝑅𝐵 ; 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 625𝜋 𝑐 − 65
𝜋 625𝜋 0.85 28 (0.85𝑐) 300 + 600 = 1176𝜋(415)
𝐴′𝑠 = 2 ∗ ∗ 252 = 𝑚𝑚2 2 𝑐
4 2 𝑐 = 188.96 𝑚𝑚
𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠 = 𝑇 0.85𝑓 𝑐𝑎𝑏 + 𝐴′ 𝑠𝑓𝑦 = 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
′
𝑎 = 160.62 𝑚𝑚
625𝜋
0.85 28 𝑎 300 + (415) = 1176𝜋(415)
2
𝑎 = 157.67 𝑚𝑚 𝑐 = 185.50 𝑚𝑚

b) What is the design moment capacity of the beam in kN-m if the tension steel has 6 − 28𝑚𝑚∅ placed in two
layers with the outmost layer placed under a depth of 530𝑚𝑚?
Given data of a concrete beam:
Beam width, 𝑏𝑤 = 300𝑚𝑚 Effective depth, 𝑑 = 500𝑚𝑚
Concrete strength, 𝑓𝑐 ’ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎 Steel yield strength, 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎
The beam has a 2 − 25𝑚𝑚∅ bars at the compression side having an effective cover of 65mm. Use the 2010/2015 NSCP.
𝑑𝑡 − 𝑐 530 − 188.96
𝑏. 𝑓𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 1082. 90 𝑀𝑝𝑎 ∴ 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝜑 = 0.9 ;
𝑐 188.96
𝑐 − 𝑑′ 188.96 − 65
𝑓′𝑠 = 600 = 600 = 393.61 𝑀𝑝𝑎 ∴ 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 (𝑓 ′ 𝑠 = 𝑓 ′ 𝑠)
𝑐 188.96

𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 𝜑 𝑀𝑛1 + 𝑀𝑛2

𝑎
𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 𝜑 𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦 𝑑 − + 𝐴′ 𝑠𝑓 ′ 𝑠 𝑑 − 𝑑 ′
2
160.62 625𝜋
𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 0.9 1176𝜋(415) 500 − + (393.61) 500 − 65
2 2

𝜑𝑀𝑛 = 730.42 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚

b) What is the design moment capacity of the beam in kN-m if the tension steel has 6 − 28𝑚𝑚∅ placed in two
layers with the outmost layer placed under a depth of 530𝑚𝑚?
 Data of a 3m fixed ended beam section is given below.
B×H = 300 𝑚𝑚 × 600 𝑚𝑚 ; Bar diameter = 16 𝑚𝑚 ; Clear concrete cover to 10 𝑚𝑚 diameter ties = 40 𝑚𝑚
Unit weight of concrete = 24 𝑘𝑁/𝑚3 ; Concrete fc’ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎 ; Steel fyl = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎 ; ϕ=0.90
The beam will carry a 6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 superimposed dead load and 5.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 live load. Use 2010/2015 NSCP.
16
a. 𝑑 = 600 − 40 − 10 − = 542 𝑚𝑚
2
𝑤𝑙2 Τ24

3𝑚
𝑤𝑙2 Τ12 𝑤𝑙2 Τ12

𝑤𝑑𝑙 = 6 + 24 0.3 ∗ 0.6 = 10.32 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

𝑤𝑙𝑙 = 5.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑤𝑑𝑙 𝑙 2 𝑤𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2𝑀𝑑𝑙 + 1.6𝑀𝑙𝑙 = 1.2 + 1.6
24 24
10.32(3)2 5.6(3)2
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2 + 1.6
24 24
𝑀𝑢 = 8.004 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚

a) Which of the following most nearly gives the critical factored moment (kN-m) at midspan?
 Data of a 3m fixed ended beam section is given below.
B×H = 300 𝑚𝑚 × 600 𝑚𝑚 ; Bar diameter = 16 𝑚𝑚 ; Clear concrete cover to 10 𝑚𝑚 diameter ties = 40 𝑚𝑚
Unit weight of concrete = 24 𝑘𝑁/𝑚3 ; Concrete fc’ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎 ; Steel fyl = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎 ; ϕ=0.90
The beam will carry a 6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 superimposed dead load and 5.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 live load. Use 2010/2015 NSCP.
16 𝑤𝑑𝑙 𝑙 2 𝑤𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2
a. 𝑑 = 600 − 40 − 10 − = 542 𝑚𝑚 𝑏. 𝑀𝑢 = 1.2𝑀𝑑𝑙 + 1.6𝑀𝑙𝑙 = 1.2 + 1.6
2 12 12
𝑤𝑙2 Τ24
10.32(3)2 5.6(3)2
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2 + 1.6
12 12
3𝑚 𝑀𝑢 = 16.008 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑤𝑙2 Τ12 𝑤𝑙2 Τ12

𝑤𝑑𝑙 = 6 + 24 0.3 ∗ 0.6 = 10.32 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

𝑤𝑙𝑙 = 5.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑤𝑑𝑙 𝑙 2 𝑤𝑙𝑙 𝑙 2
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2𝑀𝑑𝑙 + 1.6𝑀𝑙𝑙 = 1.2 + 1.6
24 24
10.32(3)2 5.6(3)2
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2 + 1.6
24 24
𝑀𝑢 = 8.004 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚

b) Which of the following most nearly gives the critical factored moment (kN-m) at support?
A rectangular concrete beam having a width of 250mm and effective depth of 350mm will be designed to carry the
factored design loads as stated. The steel yield strength fy = 275 MPa and concrete strength fc’ = 20.7 MPa. If the
compression steel is found necessary, it will be placed 60mm from the extreme compression fiber of the beam. Neglect
the effect of the displaced concrete and use the 2010 NSCP.

a) Determine the number of pieces of 20mmØ tension steel for a singly-reinforced section reinforced with maximum
steel for tension control.
b) Determine the number of pieces of 20mmØ tension reinforcements if beam is to carry a factored design moment of 80
kN-m.
c) Determine the number of pieces of 20mmØ tension reinforcements if beam is to carry a factored design moment of
135 kN-m.
d) Determine the number of pieces of 20mmØ compression reinforcements if beam is to carry a factored design moment
of 135 kN-m.