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Operating System 100L 2ND SEM Presentation

The document presents an overview of multiprocessing in operating systems, highlighting its ability to perform parallel computing by utilizing multiple processors to run processes simultaneously, thereby increasing system throughput. It discusses the pros and cons of multiprocessing, including increased reliability and throughput, but also mentions the complexity involved in managing multiple CPUs. Additionally, it outlines two types of multiprocessing: symmetrical, where all processors share the same OS and tasks, and asymmetric, where processors have a master-slave relationship with specific tasks assigned.

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Marvellous Olamide
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6 views

Operating System 100L 2ND SEM Presentation

The document presents an overview of multiprocessing in operating systems, highlighting its ability to perform parallel computing by utilizing multiple processors to run processes simultaneously, thereby increasing system throughput. It discusses the pros and cons of multiprocessing, including increased reliability and throughput, but also mentions the complexity involved in managing multiple CPUs. Additionally, it outlines two types of multiprocessing: symmetrical, where all processors share the same OS and tasks, and asymmetric, where processors have a master-slave relationship with specific tasks assigned.

Uploaded by

Marvellous Olamide
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OPERATING SYSTEM 100L 2ND SEM

PRESENTATION.
NAME: ALABI MARVELOUS
AYOOLUWA 100L
DEPARTMENT: COMPUTER SCIENCE
MATRIC-NUMBER: BEC-LOS97/02/23
GROUP: 8.
TOPIC: MULTI PROCESSING.
Multi processing helps in performing parallel
computing.
There are several processors in a system, and each of
them can run multiple processes simultaneously. The
system throughout put will be significantly increased
as a result of this. Parallel computing is performed by
multiprocessing. The presence of more than on
processor in the system allows it to run multiple
processes at the same time, increasing the system
throughput.

* POINTS
1. What is multi processing?
2. Pros of Multiprocessing.
3. Cons of Multiprocessing.
4. Types of Multiprocessing.
5. Symmetrical.
6. Characteristic.
* Pros
* Cons
7. Asymmetric.
* Pros
* Cons.

1. What is the Multiprocessing


Multiprocessor operating systems are used
in operating systems to boost the performance of
multiple CPUs within a single computer
system.Multiple CPUs are linked together so that a
job can be divided and executed more quickly.
When a job is completed, the results from all CPUs
are compiled to provide the final output. Jobs were
required to share main memory, and they may
often share other system resources. Multiple CPUs
can be used to run multiple tasks at the same time,
for example, UNIX.One of the most extensively used
operating systems is the multiprocessing operating
system. The following diagram depicts the basic
organisation of a typical multiprocessing system.
The computer system should have the following
features to efficiently use a multiprocessing
operating system:

In a multiprocessing OS, a motherboard can handle


many processors.

Processors can also be utilised as a part of a


multiprocessing system.

2. Pros of Multiprocessing
Increased reliability: Processing tasks can be spread among
numerous processors in the multiprocessing system. This
promotes reliability because if one processor fails, the task
can be passed on to another.
Increased throughout: More work could be done in less
time as the number of processors increases.

The economy of scale: Multiprocessor systems are less


expensive than single-processor computers because they
share peripherals, additional storage devices, and power
sources.

3. Cons of Multiprocessing OS
Multiprocessing operating systems are more
complex and advanced since they manage many
CPUs at the same time.

4. Types of Multiprocessing

1. Symmetrical
Each processor in a symmetrical multiprocessing
system runs the same copy of the OS, makes its
own decisions, and collaborates with other
processes to keep the system running smoothly.
CPU scheduling policies are straightforward. Any
new job that is submitted by a user could be
assigned to the least burdened processor. It also
means that at any given time, all processors are
equally taxed.

Since the processors share memory along with


the I/O bus or data channel, the symmetric
multiprocessing OS is sometimes known as a
“shared everything” system. The number of
processors in this system is normally limited to
16.

* Characteristics
Any processor in this system can run any process
or job.
Any CPU can start an Input and Output
operation in this way.
Pros
These are fault-tolerant systems. A few
processors failing does not bring the whole
system to a standstill.

* Cons
It is quite difficult to rationally balance the
workload among processors.
For handling many processors, specialised
synchronisation algorithms are required.

2. Asymmetric
The processors in an asymmetric system have a
master-slave relationship. In addition, one
processor may serve as a master or supervisor
processor, while the rest are treated as
illustrated below.
In the asymmetric processing system
represented above, CPU n1 serves as a
supervisor, controlling the subsequent CPUs.
Each processor in such a system is assigned a
specific task, and the actions of the other
processors are overseen by a master processor.

We have a maths coprocessor, for example, that


can handle mathematical tasks better than the
main CPU. We also have an MMX processor,
which is designed to handle multimedia-related
tasks. We also have a graphics processor to
handle graphics-related tasks more efficiently
than the main processor. Whenever a user
submits a new job, the operating system must
choose which processor is most suited for the
task, and that processor is subsequently
assigned to the newly arriving job. This
processor is the system’s master and controller.
All other processors search for masters for
instructions or have jobs that are
predetermined. The master is responsible for
allocating work to other processors.

* Pros
Because several processors are available for a
single job, the execution of an I/O operation or
application software in this type of system may
be faster in some instances.

* Cons
The processors are burdened unequally in this
form of multiprocessing operating system. One
CPU may have a large job queue while another is
idle. If a process handling a specific task fails in
this system, the entire system will fail.

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