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LN in Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the biological system's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, crucial for optimal physiological processes. It involves feedback mechanisms, which can be negative (reducing excessive responses) or positive (amplifying stimuli), to regulate various bodily functions. Understanding homeostasis is essential for the study of related sciences such as biochemistry, endocrinology, and physiology.

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10 views

LN in Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the biological system's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, crucial for optimal physiological processes. It involves feedback mechanisms, which can be negative (reducing excessive responses) or positive (amplifying stimuli), to regulate various bodily functions. Understanding homeostasis is essential for the study of related sciences such as biochemistry, endocrinology, and physiology.

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rancelsuriaga13
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture Notes General Biology 2

HOMOESTASIS: Maintenance of Animal Body Balanced Condition

Equilibrium Physiology/Homeostatic Physiology-is branch of physiology that deals with


analysis of the balanced internal body condition called homeostasis
Related Sciences in the study of homeostasis are:
Biochemistry, Endocrinology, Nutrition, Urology, Nephrology, Reproductive Physiology and Neurology
Homoestasis (Gk.homeo-equal + stasis-standing/condition)
-the word was coined by Harvard physiologist in 1926 Walter Bradford Cannon and was
written in his book The Wisdom of the Body. But it was initially enunciated by Claude
Bernard a pioneering French physiologist in 19th century.
-is the tendency of biological system (living body) to resist change and to maintain itself
in a state of stable condition or equilibrium.
It is the regulation of the chemical composition of animal/human body fluids and other
aspects of its internal environment so that physiological processes can proceed to its
optimum rates.
These equilibrium-maintaining processes can be analyzed through Feedback Mechanisms
which may other negative(resisting or inhibitory) or positive(promoting)
Feedback Mechanism is a physiological regulation system in a living body that works to return the body
to its normal state, or homeostasis. It is represented diagrammatically by Feedback Loops
as shown below
Parts of a FEEDBACK Loop
1. Perturbation(Stimulus)
2. Controlled System
3. Receptor(Sensor)
4. Amplifier-gains stability
Negative Feedback Mechanism serves to reduce an excessive response and to keep a variable within
the normal range. The output is used to reduce the input. It counteracts changes of various properties
from their target values known as set points. It is self-limiting and most common process to maintain
homeostasis.

e.g. Regulation of body temperature(Thermoregulation), Blood Glucose regulation, regulation


of blood calcium level
Positive Feedback Mechanism –serves to amplify their initiating stimuli or move the system away from
its starting state. The output is used to enhance the input. It intensifies conditions, self-
perpetuating ,maintains conditions within certain limits and less common process in organisms.

e.g. Childbirth(Parturition), blood clot formation (Hemostasis), fruit ripening and menstrual
cycle
Homeostasis is necessary for the continuity of life and survivorship of the species.

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