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4.-CHAPTER-1-Historical-Developments-of-Science-and-Technology-in-the-Philippines

The document outlines the historical developments of science and technology in the Philippines from the Pre-Spanish era to the present, highlighting key advancements and contributions during each period. It details the evolution of education, research institutions, and significant legislation that shaped the science and technology landscape in the country. Notable figures and initiatives from various administrations are also emphasized, showcasing the ongoing commitment to innovation and development in the field.

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12 views32 pages

4.-CHAPTER-1-Historical-Developments-of-Science-and-Technology-in-the-Philippines

The document outlines the historical developments of science and technology in the Philippines from the Pre-Spanish era to the present, highlighting key advancements and contributions during each period. It details the evolution of education, research institutions, and significant legislation that shaped the science and technology landscape in the country. Notable figures and initiatives from various administrations are also emphasized, showcasing the ongoing commitment to innovation and development in the field.

Uploaded by

reyejell020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SCIENCE


AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
GED 109 – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY

Crystal Jade M. Aguilar, MSc.


[email protected]
PRE-SPANISH ERA
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Pre – Spanish Era

▪The first inhabitants in the archipelago


who settled in Palawan and Batangas
around 40,000 years ago have made
simple tools or weapons of stone which
eventually developed techniques for
sawing, drilling and polishing hard stones.
Pre – Spanish Era

▪The first inhabitants in the


country come to understand that
when clay is mixed with 2 water
and then shaped into something
before sun drying, it hardens to
an object that can also be useful
to them.
Pre – Spanish Era

▪The early Filipinos have


learned how to extract,
smelt and refine metals like
copper, gold, bronze and
iron from nature and
consequently fashion them
into tools and implements.
Pre – Spanish Era

▪As the inhabitants shifted from wandering from


one place to another and learned to settle in
areas near the water source, they also learned
how to weave cotton, engaged themselves in
agriculture and are knowledgeable on building
boats for coastal trade.
Pre – Spanish Era

▪The Banaue Rice


Terraces
SPANISH
COLONIAL ERA
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Spanish Colonial Era

▪During the Spanish regime, the schools, hospitals were


established and the scientific researches were
conducted. The three highest institution during this
period was the
▪ Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas
▪ Colegio de San Ildefonso
▪ Colegio de San Juan de Letran
Spanish Colonial Era

▪Dr. Jose P. Rizal is one of the


persistent Filipino scientist who
succeeded in education. He is a
scientist, a doctor, an engineer (he
designed and built a water system in
Dapitan), a journalist, a novelist, an
urban planner and hero.
Spanish Colonial Era

▪The charity hospitals became the breeding ground for


scientific researches on pharmacy and medicine, with great
focus on problems of infectious diseases, their causes and
possible remedies.
▪In 1887, the Laboratorio Municipal de Ciudad de Manila was
created and whose functions were to conduct biochemical
analyses for public health and to undertake specimen
examinations for clinical and medico-legal cases.
Spanish Colonial Era

▪By the nineteenth century,


Manila has become a
cosmopolitan center and
modern amenities were
introduced to the city.
AMERICAN PERIOD
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
American Period

▪Various public tertiary schools like Philippine Normal School and


University of the Philippines were established
▪ The University of the Philippines Los Baños opened the College of
Agriculture in 1909
▪ The University of the Philippines – Diliman opened the Colleges
of Arts, Engineering and Veterinary Medicine in 1910, and College
of Medicine 4 years later.
▪ The qualified Filipino instructors and professors in the colleges
were send for advance training ( to become engineers,
physicians and lawyers)
American Period

▪The Bureau of Government Laboratories (Bureau of


Science) – composed of biological laboratory, chemical
laboratory, serum laboratory for the production of virus
vaccine, serums and prophylactics, and a library.
▪ served as the primary training ground for Filipino scientists to do
scientific research about prevalent diseases like leprosy,
tuberculosis, cholera, dengue fever, malaria and beri-beri.
▪ They have published the Philippine Journal Science
JAPANESE
COLONIZATION
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Japanese Colonization

▪ Prioritize opening of elementary schools.


▪ Re-opening of vocation and normal schools in agriculture,
medicine, fisheries and engineering.
▪ Filipinos are engaged in the sale of food and medicine for aiding
the soldiers.
▪ Government corporations were reorganized to develop the
natural resources in the Philippines.
COMMONWEALTH
PERIOD
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Commonwealth Period Period

▪The prevailing situations during the time of


Commonwealth period to the Japanese regime had
made developments in science and technology
practically impossible. This is also true when World
War II ended and left Manila, the country’s capital, in
ruins. The government had to rebuild again and
normalize the operations in the whole country.
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY SINCE
INDEPENDENCE
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Science and Technology Since Independence

FERDINAND MARCOS
- The role of Science and Technology in the
National Development was emphasized
- He mandated to promote science courses in
the public highschools
- He proclaimed the 35-hectare lot in Bicutan,
Taguig as the Philippine Science
Community (now the site of DOST)
Science and Technology Since Independence

FERDINAND MARCOS
- He assigned the Philippine Coconut Research
Institute (PHILCORIN) to promote the
modernization of coconut industry
- Several agencies and organization were
established.
- NFA
- PAGASA
- NAST

- The Philippine Science Highschool in Mindanao and


Visayas campuses were established.
Science and Technology Since Independence

CORAZON C. AQUINO
- In 1986, National Science and Technology
Authority (NSTA) was renamed as Department of
Science and Technology (DOST) – (this was done
in order for the science and technology sector to be
represented in the cabinet.
- The role of DOST was emphasized. This is to
update the production sector, improve research
activities and develop infrastructure in Science and
technology sector.
Science and Technology Since Independence

CORAZON C. AQUINO
- The DOST was then reorganized that includes the
following.
- Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Service Administration (PAG – ASA)
- Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PHILVOLCS)
- Philippine Science Highschool System (PSHS)
- Science and Technology Information Institute
- Science Education Institute
- Technology Application and Promotion Institute (TAPI)
- Technology Resource Center (TRC)
Science and Technology Since Independence

FIDEL V. RAMOS
- The Doctors to the Barrio Program made healthcare
accessible even in far-flung areas
- National Program for Gifted Filipino Children in
Science and Technology was created for HS student
who wanted to major in science and engineering in
college
- Laws and statutes related to science and technology were
mandated such as:
- RA 7687 – Science and Technology Scholarship Act of 1994
- RA 7459 – Inventors and Inventions Incentives Act
- RA 8293 – The Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines
Science and Technology Since Independence

JOSEPH E. ESTRADA
- RA 8749 – The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
(Emission Test)
- RA 8792 – Electronic Commerce Act of 2000
- He was responsible for the implementation of cost-
effective irrigation technologies and providing
health care system for those who could not afford
it.
Science and Technology Since Independence

GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO


- Science and technology sector were developed to
strengthen the education system and to address
poverty.
- Filipinovation (to refer Philippines as an innovation
hub in Asia)
- RA 9364 – Biofuel Act to utilized indigenous
materials as a source of energy.
Science and Technology Since Independence

BENIGNO SIMEON C. AQUINO III


- Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards
(NOAH) project was established in 2012
- Initiated the K-12 Curriculum (STEM)
- PHILVOLCS has come up with the Valley Fault
System Atlas (VFSA) or a large – scale maps that
can identify if their homes are near the VF’s.
Science and Technology Since Independence

RODRIGO R. DUTERTE
- The science and technology sector is seen to be a
priority based on the budget for Research and
development (from Php 5 billion in 2010 to Php
20.8 billion in 2017)
- The focus of DOST is to put the results of
research and development into
commercialization in order to gain new intellectual
properties.
Science and Technology Since Independence

RODRIGO R. DUTERTE
- In April 2016, the country launched into the space its
first micro-satellite called Diwata – 1.
- The satellite provides real-time, high-resolution and
multi-color infrared images for various applications,
including meteorological imaging, crop and ocean
productivity measurement and high-resolution imaging
of natural and man-made features.

- In 2018, were launched also in the space.


- Gives importance to agriculture and disaster
preparedness.
Science and Technology Since Independence

FERDINAND MARCOS JR.


- Support for the Research and Development with
initiatives to address food security, climate change
adaptation, and economic transformation
- National Science and Technology Week (NSTW)
showcased innovative R&D products and services
developed by DOST and its partners.
- The administration has encouraged collaboration between
government agencies, private organizations, and the
academe to foster innovation
Thank you for Listening!

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