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Key Concepts of Electromagnetism

The document outlines key concepts of electromagnetism, including electric charge, electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic force, along with their fundamental laws and equations. It details Gauss's Law, Ampere's Law, Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law, and Maxwell's Equations, providing mathematical representations for each. The document emphasizes the relationships between electric and magnetic fields and their interactions with charged particles.

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lohreinsemera
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10 views

Key Concepts of Electromagnetism

The document outlines key concepts of electromagnetism, including electric charge, electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic force, along with their fundamental laws and equations. It details Gauss's Law, Ampere's Law, Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law, and Maxwell's Equations, providing mathematical representations for each. The document emphasizes the relationships between electric and magnetic fields and their interactions with charged particles.

Uploaded by

lohreinsemera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Key Concepts of  ke= Coulomb's constant

Electromagnetism (8.99×109 N m2/C2)

1. Electric Charge 2. Gauss's Law:

 Fundamental property of Relates the electric flux through a


matter, existing in two types: closed surface to the charge
positive and negative. enclosed by the surface.
 Like charges repel, opposite ∮E.dA=Q/ϵ0
charges attract.  E = Electric field (N/C)
 Measured in coulombs (C).  dA= Differential area vector
(m²)
2. Electric Field (E)  Q = Enclosed charge (C)
 ϵ0= Permittivity of free space
(8.85×10−12 C2/N m2)
 It is the region around a
charged particle where other
3. Ampere's Law:
charges experience a force.
Relates the magnetic field around a
 It is a vector quantity and
closed loop to the current passing
denoted by E.
through the loop.
 Represented by field lines
∮B.dl=μ0I
pointing away from positive
charges and towards negative
charges.  B= Magnetic field (T)
 dl= Differential length vector
(m)
Mathematically:
 μ0 = Permeability of free
 E = F/q
space (4π×10−7 T m/A)
 E = Electric field (N/C)
 I= Enclosed current (A)
 F = Force (N)
 q = Test charge ©
4. Fraday's Law of
Electromagnetic Induction:
3. Magnetic Field (B):
 A region where a magnetic Describes how a changing magnetic
force is experienced by field induces an electric field.
moving charges or magnetic
materials. ε = −d ΦB/dt
 Represented by field lines
forming closed loops from the  ε= Induced electromotive
north to the south pole. force (V)
 Measured in teslas (T).  ΦB= Magnetic flux (Wb)
 t = Time (s)
4. Electromagnetic Force:
5. Lenz's Law:
 One of the four fundamental
forces that describes the  States that the direction of
interactions the induced current is such
between electrically charged that it opposes the change in
particles. magnetic flux.
 Also called the Lorentz force.  Incorporated in Faraday’s Law
 Responsible for the behavior with the negative sign.
of charged particles and the
propagation of 6. Maxwell's Equations:
electromagnetic waves.
Four fundamental equations
Laws and Equations used in describing electromagnetism.
Electromagnetism
 Gauss's Law for Electricity:
1.Coulomb's Law: ∇.E= ρ/ϵ0
 Gauss's Law for Magnetism:
Describes the force between two ∇.B= 0
point charges.  Faraday's Law of Induction:
∇×E=−∂B/∂t
F = ke (q1q2/r2)  Ampère's Law (with Maxwell’s
addition):
 F = Force (N) ∇×B= μ0J + μ0ϵ0(∂E/∂t)

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