Republic of the Philippines

SAINT JOSEPH COLLEGE OF SINDANGAN INCORPORATED

Sindangan, Zamboanga Del Norte

I. OBJECTIVES
Content Standard: The learners have an understanding of drama as a genre and are able
to analyze its elements and techniques.
Performance: The learners shall be able to compose at least one scene for a one-act play.
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:
a. Identify different key elements such as character, setting, conflict, plot and
dialogue.
b. Develop emotional understanding, empathy and appreciation for drama as a
form of expression and communication.
c. Demonstrate understanding of drama by accomplishing a differentiated task.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Understanding the drama
Materials: Books, video presentation, laptop and projector
Reference: English Communication Arts and Skills through the World Literature
Process skills: Identifying, Describing and Demonstrating.
Values Integration: Appreciate the drama towards enhancement of creativity skills
KBI: Participate actively and listen carefully.

III. PROCEDURE
TEACHER ACTIVITY LEARNER’S ACTIVITY

PRELIMINARY ACTIVITY

 Prayer
Kindly stand for the prayer, Crismae please Crismae: In the name the Father the son and
lead the prayer the Holy Spirit Amen. Our Father who art in
heaven hollowed be thy name thy kingdom
come; thy will be done on earth as it is in
heaven. Give us this day our daily bread; and
forgive us our trespass against and lead us not
into temptation, but deliver us from evil,
Amen.

 Greetings

Good morning class!

Pupil: Good morning ma’am, Segovia.
Before you take your seats, please pick up the
pieces of paper, plastics under your chair and (The student picked up the papers or plastics
please arrange it properly. and arranging the chairs).

Okay take a seat. How are you today class?

We are doing great ma’am.

 It’s good to hear that.

 Checking of Attendance

Let’s check your attendance

Who were absent for today class?

Very Good Class! Students: None ma’am.

Classroom Rules

Raise Your Hand to Answer– Wait for your

turn to talk and avoid interrupting others during
discussions.

Listen Actively – Pay attention to the teacher

and classmates when they are speaking.

Always Try Your Best – Give your full effort

in all activities and assignments.

 Review
What was our lesson yesterday?

Students: The Elements of Poetry ma’am.

Very good!

A. ENGAGE

ACT-IT-OUT
Okay class I want you to read and deliver with
feelings, proper voice projections, (Pupils does the activity)
movements, and facial expression lines from
some famous Filipino drama favorite stars.
Isang beses sa
napakaraming
beses akong
pwedeng
sumuko pero Okay
hindi ko
ginawa.
class, how do
you find the
activity? Do
"Pero isang
beses lang din the lines
pala 'yung
kailangan mo appeal to your
para sumuko" Jenrilou: I find
emotion as an

"Ano ba yung
sorry sa'yo? Yung
sorry ba sa'yo
isang lisensya?
Para paulit-ulit
akong lokohin?"
 How do you find the acitivity? Do the activity interesting
you find the activity fun? Do the lines
appeal to your emotions?

Yes, Jenrilou?

Jenrilou: because it helps me understand the

emotions of the characters better. The lines
can definitely appeal to my emotions as an
audience, especially when the characters
express feelings like sadness, joy, or
frustration. It makes me think about how
similar situations might affect me in real life.

Very Good, Jenrilou!

Which of the lines do you like

most? What makes it appealing
to you?
Aspiras: For me ma’am, it’s the first line
because for me, if you love the person no
matter how hard the situation is, you will
You have an idea, Aspiras? never commit cheating.

Excellent Aspiras!

If you were to deliver the lines in front

of the audience, do you think you will be
convincing? Why or why not?
Cabalida: I think, I can’t ma’am because I
don’t have enough confidence to act.
Yes, Cabalida?

(does the rainbow clap)

That’s okay, Cabalida. We can work on that.

Let’s do a rainbow clap

B. EXPLORE
What’s in the Name?
I will group you into 2 groups and
brainstorm on what you know about
the term drama. Choose 1 leader to
 present your output.

How do you find the activity? Canton: Fun, Ma’am.

Yes, Canton?

Very Good, Canton!

What have you noticed with the words

that you have listed? Laputan: words are related to elements of
other literature, Ma’am.
Yes, Laputan?

Very Good, Laputan.

Are there similarities and differences

with your answers? Chris: Yes, Ma’am

You have an idea, Chris?

Well said, Chris!

If you are to write your own definition

of Drama, how would you define it based on
the two activity you have performed? Catig: For me ma’am, Drama is related to
acting.
Yes, Catig?

Well said, Catig!

Based on the activity, anyone can guess our

topic?

Yes, Labrador? Labrador: Drama

Excellent, Labrador!

 Presentation of objectives

C. EXPLAIN

The FIRST DRAMA IN THE

PHILIPPINES
is believed to have been the “Zarzuela,” a
type of musical drama that emerged
during the Spanish colonial period in the
late 19th Century. The Zarzuela combined
the elements of European operetta with
local music, dance, and themes, and was
 performed by both professional and
amateur theater groups.

One of the earliest recorded zarzuela was

“Walang Sugat” (No Wound), written by
Severino Reyes in 1902. The play tells the
story of a wounded soldier returning home
from war, and explores themes of patriotism,
love, and sacrifice. It was critical and
commercial success and helped to establish
the Zarzuela as a popular form of
entertainment in the Philippines.

DRAMA

A play or a drama is a literary work intended to

be performed on a stage to achieve maximum
effect by means of dialogue, action, music, and
lighting effects.

There are the key elements of drama:

Please read, Megan.

Character Megan: Character: The vitality of characters

in a play is carefully brought out by their
The vitality of characters in a play is carefully exterior appearance, clothes, manner of
brought out by their exterior appearance, speech, actions, by what others say of them.
clothes, manner of speech, actions, by what
others say of them.

How can a character’s clothing and appearance

influence the audience’s perception of them?

Lovely: Ma’am
Yes Lovely?
Lovely: Clothing and appearance provide
immediate visual clues about a character’s
social status, profession, personality and
emotional state.

Very Good Lovely!

Next is setting please read, May.

SETTING: May: SETTING

The setting provides a provide a background The setting provides a provide a background
that will suggest the environment of a play. that will suggest the environment of a play.
The settings may be treated symbolically. A The settings may be treated symbolically. A
few rocks may suggest a mountain or a few rocks may suggest a mountain or a
seashore. seashore.
 Why is setting important in a play? And (The students raised their hands)
how it influences the story?
May: For me ma’am setting is important in a
Yes May? play because it establishes the time, place and
atmosphere in which the story unfold. It can
influence the story by shaping the character’s
action, conflict, and themes.

Very good May!

Next is conflict please read, Joan.

Joan: Conflict
Conflict
The central struggle or problem that the
The central struggle or problem that the characters face. It can be internal (within a
characters face. It can be internal (within a character) or external (between characters or
character) or external (between characters or between a character and their environment).
between a character and their environment).

Please read, Karyle.

Karyle: PLOT
PLOT
A play follows a pattern you must learn to
A play follows a pattern you must learn to observe. The essentials elements of a
observe. The essentials elements of a dramatic dramatic plot are the following:
plot are the following:
1. The exposition of the situation out of
1. The exposition of the situation out of which which problem arises. This is given in the
problem arises. This is given in the opening opening scene of the play.
scene of the play.
2.The working up the situation by a series of
2.The working up the situation by a series of events into a conflict or a problem. The series
events into a conflict or a problem. The series is climactic incidents leads to the crisis or
is climactic incidents leads to the crisis or climax.
climax.
3.A second development that may complicate
3.A second development that may complicate the situation
the situation
4.The end, which may settle the problem
4.The end, which may settle the problem satisfactorily or unsatisfactorily
satisfactorily or unsatisfactorily

Thank you, Karyle.

Why plot is important of a drama? Who

can answer? Lea: Ma’am
 Yes Lea, what is your answer? Lea: Drama is important because it provides
structure, engages the audience and drive the
story.

Very good Lea!!

The last one is Dialogue, please read

Cathy.

DIALOGUE

The dialogue revels the style of a play. It is

intended to be spoken by characters and heard
by an audience who must understand what it is
all about. It should be spoken and heard with
ease. The effectiveness of the dialogue depends
on a several things. The dialogue must preserve
it basic relation to the plot and the action. Even
if the feelings, situations, and ideas are
complicated, the language must be such that
the reader will easily get what the writer wants
to communicate.
Cathy: DIALOGUE
Okay, Thank you Cathy!
The dialogue revels the style of a play. It is
D. ELABORATE intended to be spoken by characters and
heard by an audience who must understand
Now, let’s have an activity. Each group what it is all about. It should be spoken and
will have differentiated activities and you heard with ease. The effectiveness of the
will n present here in front dialogue depends on a several things. The
dialogue must preserve it basic relation to the
plot and the action. Even if the feelings,
situations, and ideas are complicated, the
language must be such that the reader will
easily get what the writer wants to
communicate.

GROUP 1

DIRECTION: Create one scene then act out it

with the application of random emotion
(happiness, fear, anger, sadness, excitement).

QUESTIONS

1.How did body language and tone of voice

contribute to the emotion?

2.Why is emotion important in drama? GROUP 1

(The group 1 present their assigned task)

ANSWER

1.How did body language and tone of voice

contribute to the emotion?

-Body language and tone of voice contribute

to emotions in an improvised scene by
making the performance more believable,
GROUP 2 engaging, and emotionally impactful

DIRECTION: Present a drama from the given 2. Why is emotion important in drama?
script intitled “The Forgotten Promise”
-Emotion is important in drama because it
connects with the audience, makes
(Mia is sitting at a table, eating her lunch. performances believable, and drives the story
Lena enters, looking upset.) forward. It enhances character development,
creates memorable moments, and allows
Lena: (crosses arms) I can’t believe you, Mia! actors to express themselves fully.

Mia: (confused) Whoa, what’s wrong?

Lena: Don’t act like you don’t know! You

promised we’d work on our project together
today, but I heard you’re going to the movies
with Jake instead.

Mia: (eyes widen) Oh no… Lena, I completely

forgot! I didn’t mean to ditch you, I swear!

Lena: (hurt) You didn’t even bother to tell me.

I thought we were best friends.
(The group 2 present their assigned task)
Jake: (walking in, noticing the tension) Uh…
should I come back later?

Mia: No, Jake, wait. Lena, I made a mistake,

but it wasn’t on purpose. Jake just invited me
this morning, and I got caught up in the
excitement.

Lena: (softening) So you didn’t mean to break

our plan?

Mia: No! You’re my best friend, and our

project is important. I’ll cancel the movie.
Jake: Hey, why don’t we all work on the
project together, and then we can go to a later
show?

Lena: (smiles) That… actually sounds like a

good idea.

Mia: (grateful) Thanks, Jake. And Lena, I’m

really sorry. I’ll make it up to you.

Lena: Just don’t forget again, okay?

Mia: Deal!

(They all laugh and sit together, discussing

their project.)

QUESTION:

1. How did the characters express their

emotions?

2. What was the central conflict in the scene?

ANSWER

1. How did the characters express their

emotions?

-Lena showed her anger and disappointment

through crossed arms and an upset tone. Mia
expressed guilt and regret by widening her
eyes and apologizing. Jake played the
GROUP 3 mediator with a neutral and friendly
approach.
Direction: Identify the character, settings, plot,
conflict and dialogue from a short script from a 2. What was the central conflict in the scene?
play.
-The conflict was a misunderstanding
“A Letter Unread” between Mia and Lena when Mia forgot their
project plans and decided to go to the movies
Lena sat on the park bench, the envelope in her with Jake instead.
hands crumpled from hours of hesitation. The
autumn wind carried golden leaves around her,
but all she could feel was the weight of the
past. ANSWER

“Are you going to read it?” a familiar voice Characters:

asked.  Lena – A woman holding onto past
heartbreak, unsure if she wants
She looked up. There stood Noah, the person closure.
she had once loved and the one who had  Noah – Her former love, returning
 with an explanation too late.
walked away without explanation. He looked
older, wearier, but his eyes held the same Setting:
warmth.
A quiet autumn park with a cool breeze,
“I don’t know if I should,” Lena admitted, falling leaves, and a sense of nostalgia.
gripping the letter tighter.
Conflict:
“It explains everything,” Noah said, taking a
slow step closer. “Why I left. Why I never Lena's emotional struggle to decide
came back.” whether to face the painful truth in the letter,
or let go of the past and move forward
Anger and longing warred inside her. “Do you without it. The ruined letter further
think a letter can fix it all?” underscores the idea that not everything can
be fixed or understood, and some things are
“No,” he said quietly. “But maybe it can give better left unread.
you the truth you deserve.”
Plot:
She looked down at the envelope, heart
pounding. Did she want to know? Lena receives a long-awaited letter
from Noah, explaining why he disappeared
A gust of wind tore the letter from her hands, from her life. She struggles with whether to
sending it spiraling into the air. They both read it, fearing the truth. When Noah appears,
reached for it—too late. It landed in a puddle, their unresolved emotions surface. Before she
the ink smearing instantly. can decide, the letter is lost to the wind, and
Lena chooses to move on, leaving their past
Lena stared at the ruined paper, then at Noah. unanswered forever.

“Maybe some things aren’t meant to be read,” Dialogue:

she whispered, turning away.
Noah: “Are you going to read it?”
Noah watched her walk off, the letter Lena: “I don’t know if I should.”
dissolving in the water—just like the words he Noah: “It explains everything. Why I left.
never got to say. Why I never came back.”
Lena: “Do you think a letter can fix it all?”
Generalization Noah: “No. But maybe it can give you the
truth you deserve.”
 How can participating in drama Lena (after the letter is lost): “Maybe some
activities help improve creativity skills? things aren’t meant to be read.”

Jenrilou: Participating in drama activities can

improve creativity skills by encouraging
students to think creatively, express
themselves in different ways, and work
E. EVALUATE collaboratively with others. It also boosts
confidence, allowing them to take creative
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct risks and explore new ideas. By performing
answer. and engaging in different roles, students
develop a deeper understanding of emotions
1. How does a character’s clothing and and perspectives, further enhancing their
appearance influence the audience’s perception
of them? creativity.

A) It has no impact on their perception

B) It helps the audience understand their role or
personality
C) It makes the character seem unimportant
D) It confuses the audience about the
character’s identity
1. How does a character’s clothing and
appearance influence the audience’s
perception of them?

A) It has no impact on their perception

2. Why is the setting important in a play? B) It helps the audience understand their role
or personality
A) It is only there for decoration C) It makes the character seem unimportant
B) It provides the backdrop for the action and D) It confuses the audience about the
can symbolize themes character’s identity
C) It is irrelevant to the plot
D) It makes the characters more interesting Answer: B) It helps the audience understand
their role or personality

2. Why is the setting important in a play?

3. What is conflict in a drama?
A) It is only there for decoration
A) The location where the play takes place B) It provides the backdrop for the action and
B) The central problem or struggle the can symbolize themes
characters face C) It is irrelevant to the plot
C) The plot twist that happens at the end D) It makes the characters more interesting
D) The final resolution of the story
Answer: B) It provides the backdrop for the
action and can symbolize themes

3. What is conflict in a drama?

4. Which of the following is an essential A) The location where the play takes place
element of a dramatic plot? B) The central problem or struggle the
A) A sudden shift in the character's appearance characters face
B) A long list of events with no connection C) The plot twist that happens at the end
C) The exposition that introduces the situation D) The final resolution of the story
and problem.
D) A single character acting alone Answer: B) The central problem or struggle
the characters face.

4. Which of the following is an essential

element of a dramatic plot?

5. What role does dialogue play in a drama? A) A sudden shift in the character's
appearance
A) It is just for filling space B) A long list of events with no connection
B) It reveals the plot and character C) The exposition that introduces the
personalities situation and problem
C) It only helps actors memorize lines D) A single character acting alone
D) It gives background information about the
setting Answer: C) The exposition that introduces
 the situation and problem

6. In a play, which part of the plot follows the 5. What role does dialogue play in a drama?
series of climactic events leading to a crisis or
climax? A) It is just for filling space
B) It reveals the plot and character
A) The exposition personalities
B) The end or resolution C) It only helps actors memorize lines
C) The development or rising action D) It gives background information about the
D) The character’s internal conflict setting

Answer: B) It reveals the plot and character

personalities
7. What is one way a playwright can make a
character’s personality clear? 6. In a play, which part of the plot follows the
series of climactic events leading to a crisis
A) Through the character’s actions, words, and or climax?
appearance
B) By only describing their appearance A) The exposition
C) By showing the character in every scene B) The end or resolution
D) By having other characters narrate their C) The development or rising action
thoughts. D) The character’s internal conflict

Answer: C) The development or rising action

7. What is one way a playwright can make a

character’s personality clear?
8. How can the setting of a play influence the
audience's understanding of the environment or A) Through the character’s actions, words,
atmosphere? and appearance
B) By only describing their appearance
A) By providing only a description without C) By showing the character in every scene
symbols D) By having other characters narrate their
B) By suggesting the time, place, and mood of thoughts
the play through visual elements
C) By using long speeches that explain the Answer: A) Through the character’s actions,
setting in detail words, and appearance
D) By describing the setting through dialogue
alone 8. How can the setting of a play influence the
audience's understanding of the environment
or atmosphere?

A) By providing only a description without

symbols
9. What happens during the climax of a B) By suggesting the time, place, and mood
dramatic plot? of the play through visual elements
C) By using long speeches that explain the
A) The plot starts to resolve all the conflicts setting in detail
B) The conflict is introduced for the first time D) By describing the setting through dialogue
C) The series of events build to the highest alone
point of tension.
D) The setting of the play is revealed in detail Answer: B) By suggesting the time, place,
and mood of the play through visual elements

10. Why must the dialogue in a play preserve

 9. What happens during the climax of a
its basic relation to the plot and action? dramatic plot?

A) To make the characters sound more A) The plot starts to resolve all the conflicts
intelligent B) The conflict is introduced for the first time
B) To ensure the language remains complex C) The series of events build to the highest
and difficult to understand point of tension
C) To help the audience easily understand the D) The setting of the play is revealed in detail
characters' feelings, situations, and ideas
D) To make the play shorter and more concise Answer: C) The series of events build to the
highest point of tension.

10. Why must the dialogue in a play preserve

its basic relation to the plot and action?

A) To make the characters sound more

intelligent
B) To ensure the language remains complex
and difficult to understand
C) To help the audience easily understand the
characters' feelings, situations, and ideas
D) To make the play shorter and more
concise

Answer: C) To help the audience easily

understand the characters' feelings, situations,
and ideas
V. ASSIGNMENT
Direction: Choose a one drama from online and write the summary in the short bond
paper.

Prepared by:

Grace Faith Q. Segovia

Student Intern