Krishna institute supernova

Time : 2 Hour 30 Minute STD 12 Science Mathematics Total Marks : 109

unit 1 test

SECTION A

* Choose The Right Answer From The Given Options.[1 Marks Each] [30]

1. Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = 1/x , for all x ∈ R , Then, f is

(A) one-one (B) onto (C) bijective (D) not defined

Ans. : Given f (x) =

1

x
, for all x ∈ R At x = 0 ∈ R, f (x) is not defined.
2. n+1
, if n is odd
The function f : N → N is defined by f (n) = {
n
2

, if n is even
2

The function f is
(A) bijective
(B) one-one but not onto
(C) onto but not one-one
A
(D) neither one-one nor onto
OV

n+1
, if n is odd
Ans. : Given, f (x) = {
RN

n
, if n is even
2

Now, f (1) = 1+1 2

PE

= 1, f (2) = = 1
2 2

⇒ f (1) = f (2) but 1 ≠ 2 ∴ f is not one-one.

SU

But f is onto (∵ range of f is N .)

3. Let A = {a, b, c} and let R = {(a, a), (a, b) , (b, a)} . Then, R is
(A) reflexive and symmetric but not transitive
(B) reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
(C) symmetric and transitive but not reflexive
(D) an equivalence relation
Ans. : (c) : R is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive.
4. For the set A = {1, 2, 3} , define a relation R on the set A as follows :
R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 3)}

How many ordered pairs to be added to R to make it the smallest equivalence

relation?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Ans. : (a): Here, A = {1, 2, 3} and the relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2)(3, 3)(1, 3)} .
Clearly, R is reflexive but not symmetric as (1, 3) ∈ R but (3, 1) ∉ R .
We shall include (3, 1) to the above relation to make it smallest equivalence relation

Page 1
 ′
R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)(1, 3), (3, 1)}.

R
′
is certainly transitive as transitivity is not contradicted.
5. Let R be a relation on the set N be defined by {(x, y) : x, y ∈ N , 2x + y = 41} . Then,
R is
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric (C) Transitive (D) None of these

Ans. : (d) : R = {(x, y) : x, y ∈ N , 2x + y = 41}

Reflexive : (1, 1) ∉ R as 2 ⋅ 1 + 1 = 3 ≠ 41 . So, R is not reflexive.

Symmetric : (1, 39) ∈ R but (39, 1) ∉ R . So R is not symmetric.
Transitive : (20, 1) ∈ R and (1, 39) ∈ R . But (20, 39) ∉ R , so R is not transitive.
6. Let f : R → R be defined by f (x) = x + |x| . Then f (x) is
(A) both one one and onto (B) only one one
(C) only onto (D) neither one one nor onto

Ans. : (d) : Given, f (x) = x + |x|

Now, f (−2) = −2 + | − 2| = −2 + 2 = 0
and f (−3) = −3 + | − 3| = −3 + 3 = 0
Hence, f is not one-one
A
OV
x+x if x ≥ 0 2x, x ≥ 0
Also, f (x) = { ⇒ f (x) = {
x−x if x < 0 0, x < 0

Thus, for all and for . This means that cannot

RN

f (x) = 2x ≥ 0 x ≥ 0 f (x) = 0 x < 0 f (x)

be negative for any x ∈ R . So, f is not onto. Note that Rf = [0, ∞) , which is a proper
subset of R.
PE

7. Which of the following statements is false?

SU

(A) f : A → B is one-one iff x1 ≠ x2 in A ⇒ f (x1 ) ≠ f (x2 ) in B

(B) f : A → B is onto iff for each y in B, there is some x in A s.t. f (x) = y

(C) f : A → B is invertible iff f is both one-one and onto.
(D) A real valued function f (of a real variable) is invertible iff f is only one-one.

Ans. : (d)
8. The number of bijective functions from set A to itself when A contains 106
elements is
(A) 106 (B) (106) 2
(C) 106! (D) 2
106

Ans. : (c) : The total number of bijections from a set containing n elements to itself
is n ! Hence, required number = (106)!

9. Let T be the set of all triangles in the Euclidean plane, and let a relation R on T

be defined as aRb if a is congruent to b∀a, b ∈ T . Then R is

(A) reflexive but not transitive (B) transitive but not symmetric
(C) an equivalence relation (D) None of these

Page 2
 Ans. : (c) : (i) We know that every triangle is congruent to itself.
∴ (T1 , T1 ) ∈ R for all T1 ∈ T . Thus, R is reflexive.
(ii) Let (T1 , T2 ) ∈ R

⇒ T1 is congruent to T2 .
⇒ T2 is congruent to T1 .
∴ (T2 , T1 ) ∈ R

Thus, R is symmetric.
(iii) Let (T1 , T2 ) ∈ R and (T2 , T3 ) ∈ R .
⇒ is congruent to T and T is congruent to
T1 2 2 T3 .
∴ T is congruent to T
1 3

⇒ (T , T ) ∈ R .
1 3

Thus, R is transitive.
∴ R is an equivalence relation.

10. Let us define a relation R in R as aRb if a ≥ b . Then R is

(A) an equivalence relation
(B) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
(C) symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
A
(D) neither transitive nor reflexive but symmetric
OV

Ans. : (b) : Given aRb, a ≥ b

RN

(i) Now a ≥ a is true for all real number

∴ R is reflexive.
PE

(ii) Let (a, b) ∈ R, a ≥ b

Now, a ≥ b but does not imply b ≥ a .

SU

∴ (b, a) ∉ R ∴ R is not symmetric.

(iii) Let (a, b) ∈ R and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ a ≥ b and b ≥ c

∴ a ≥ c ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R ∴ R is transitive.
11. If the set A contains 5 elements and the set B contains 6 elements, then the
number of one-one and onto mappings from A to B is
(A) 720 (B) 120 (C) 0 (D) None of these

Ans. : (c) : As A contains 5 elements.

∴ For any one-one onto mapping f : A → B, f (A) also contains 5 elements but B

contains 6 elements.
∴ f (A) ≠ B .
So, no one-one mapping from A to B can be onto.
12. Let A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4} , then f = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 4)} is a
(A) one-one function from A to B (B) bijection from A to B

(C) surjection from A to B (D) None of these

Ans. : (d) : Here, f is not a function from A to B as f (1) is not unique.

Page 3
13. Let L denote the set of all straight lines in a plane. Let a relation R be defined by
αRβ ⇔ α ⊥ β, α, β ∈ L . Then, R is
(A) Reflexive only (B) Symmetric only (C) Transitive only (D) None of these

Ans. : (b) : Given, αRβ ⇔ α ⊥ β ⇔ β ⊥ α ⇒ βRα Hence, R is symmetric.

14. Consider the following statements on a set A = {1, 2, 3} :
(i) R = {(1, 1), (2, 2)} is a reflexive relation on A .
(ii) R = {(3, 3)} is symmetric and transitive but not a reflexive relation on A .
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(A) (i) only (B) (ii) only (C) both (i) and (ii) (D) neither (i) nor
(ii).

Ans. : (b) : (i) is not correct as (3, 3) ∉ R and hence R is not reflexive.
(ii) is correct as the relation R = {(3, 3)} is symmetric and transitive but not
reflexive as (1, 1) ∉ R, (2, 2) ∉ R .
15. Let A = {3, 5} . Then number of reflexive relations on A is
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 0 (D) 8
Ans. : Total number of reflexive relations on a set having n number of elements
A
OV
2
n −n
= 2

Here, n = 2
RN

Required number of reflexive relations

2
2 −2 4−2 2
∴ = 2 = 2 = 2 = 4

16. A relation R is defined on N . Which of the following is the reflexive relation?

PE

(A) R = {(x, y) : x > y, x, y ∈ N }

SU

(B) R = {(x, y) : x + y = 10, x, y ∈ N }

(C) R = {(x, y) : xy is the square number, x, y ∈ N }
(D) R = {(x, y) : x + 4y = 10, x, y ∈ N }

Ans. : Consider, R = {(x, y) : xy is the square number, x, y ∈ N }

As, xx = x , which is the square of natural number x.
2

⇒ (x, x) ∈ R . So, R is reflexive.

17. A relation R is defined on Z as aRb if and only if 2
a − 7ab + 6b
2
= 0 . Then, R is
(A) reflexive and symmetric
(B) symmetric but not reflexive
(C) transitive but not reflexive
(D) reflexive but not symmetric

Ans. : Given, aRb, a, b ∈ Z

Reflexive: For a ∈ Z , we have
2 2 2 2 2
a − 7a ⋅ a + 6a = a − 7a + 6a = 0 ⇒ (a, a) ∈ R

Page 4
 ∴ Relation is reflexive.
Symmetric: Since, (6, 1) ∈ R
As, 6 2
−7×6×1+6×1
2
= 36 − 42 + 6 = 0

But (1, 6) ∉ R. ∴ Relation is not symmetric.

18. The number of functions defined from {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} → {a, b} which are one-one is
(A) 5 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 0

Ans. : ∵ f : X → Y is one-one, if different element of X have different image in Y

under f . But here, no such situation is possible.

19. sin[
π
+ sin
−1
(
1
)] is equal to
3 2

(A) 1 (B) 1

2
(C) 1

3
(D) 1

Ans. : We have,
π −1 1 π −1 π π π
sin[ + sin ( )] = sin[ + sin (sin )] = sin[ + ]
3 2 3 6 3 6

π
= sin( ) = 1
2

20. The value of sin

−1
(cos
13π
) is
5

(A) − 3π

5
(B) − π

10
A (C) 3π

5
(D) π

10
OV
−1 13π −1 3π
We have, sin (cos ) = sin [cos(2π + )]
5 5

Ans. : = sin
−1
[cos
3π

5
] = sin
−1
[cos(
π

2
+
π

10
)]
RN

−1 π −1 π π
= sin (− sin ) = − sin (sin ) = −
10 10 10

21. The principal value of –

is
PE

−1
cot (−√3)

(A) − π
(B) π
(C) 2π
(D) 5π
SU

6 6 3 6

Ans. : We know that cot

−1
(x) ∈ (0, π)

−1
– −1 π
cot (−√3) = cot (− cot )
6

= cot
−1
[cot(π −
π

6
)] [∵ cot(π − θ) = − cot θ] Thus, the principal value of
−1 5π 5π −1
= cot [cot( )] = [∵ cot [cot θ] = θ]
6 6

is
–
cot
−1
(−√3)
5π

6
.
22. Simplest form of

, < x< is
√1+cos x + √1−cos x 3π
−1
tan ( ) π
√1+cos x − √1−cos x 2

(A) π

4
−
x

2
(B) 3π

2
−
x

2
(C) − x

2
(D) π − x

Ans. : We have,
√1+cos x + √1−cos x
tan
−1
(
√1+cos x − √1−cos x
, <x<
) π
3π

x x
∣√2 cos ∣+ ∣√2 sin ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
−1 2 2
= tan ( x x
)
∣√2 cos ∣− ∣√2 sin ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
2 2

Page 5
 x x
− √2 cos + √2 sin
−1 2 2 π x 3π
= tan ( x x ) (∵ < < )
− √2 cos − √2 sin 2 2 4
2 2

x x x
cos −sin 1−tan
−1 2 2 −1 2
= tan ( x x ) = tan ( x )
cos +sin 1+tan
2 2 2

−1 π x π x
= tan (tan( − )) = −
4 2 4 2

23. Evaluate : cos(2 cos

−1
(
2
))
5

(A) 13

25
(B) 17

25
(C) −13

25
(D) −17

25

Ans. : (d) : cos(2 cos

−1
(
2

5
)) = cos 2x , where x = cos
−1 2

2
2 2 2
= 2 cos x − 1 = 2( ) −1 (∵ cos x = )
5 5

2×4 8−25 17
= −1 = = −
25 25 25

24. Evaluate : sin[

π
+ sin
−1
(
1
)]
3 2

–
(A) √3/2 (B) 1/2 (C) 0 (D) 1
π −1 1
(d) : sin( + sin ( ))
Ans. : π
3

π π
2

= sin( + ) = sin = 1
3 6 2

25. Find the principal value of:

A
tan
−1
(−1) .
OV

(A) − π

4
(B) π

4
(C) π

3
(D) π

Ans. : (a): Let −1

RN

tan (−1) = x ⇒ −1 = tan x

We know that the range of principal value branch of tan

−1
is (−
π

2
,
π

2
) .
Then, −1 = tan(− , where
PE

π π π π
) − ∈ (− , )
4 4 2 2

Hence, the principal value of tan

−1
(−1) is −
π
.
SU

26.
Find the principal values of: sec
−1
(
−2

√3
)

(A) π

6
(B) π

3
(C) 5π

6
(D) 2π

Ans. : (c) : Let sec

−1
(
−2

√3
) = θ ⇒ sec θ =
−2

√3
= − sec
π

π 5π
= sec(π − ) = sec
6 6
5π π
⇒θ = ∈ [0, π] − { }
6 2

∴ Principal value of sec

−1
(
−2

√3
) is 5π

6
.

27. Domain of cos

−1
[x] (where [.] denotes G.I.F.) is
(A) [−1, 2] (B) [−1, 2) (C) (−1, 2] (D) None of these

Ans. : (b) : Clearly, −1 ≤ [x] ≤ 1

⇒ −1 ≤ x < 2 ⇒ x ∈ [−1, 2)

28. −1
√3
cos ( ) =
2

Page 6
 (A) π

2
(B) π

3
(C) π

4
(D) π

Ans. : (d) : Let

√3 √3
−1 π
cos = θ ⇒ cos θ = = cos
2 2 6

π
⇒ θ = ∈ [0, π]
6

√3 π
−1
∴ cos ( ) =
2 6

29. If 6 sin
−1
(x
2
− 6x + 8.5) = π , then x is equal to
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 8

Ans. : (b) : We have, 6 sin −1

(x
2
− 6x + 8.5) = π

−1 2 π
⇒ sin (x − 6x + 8.5) =
6

2 π 1
⇒ x − 6x + 8.5 = sin =
6 2

2
⇒ x − 6x + 8 = 0

⇒ (x − 4)(x − 2) = 0 ⇒ x = 4 or x = 2

30. The value of sin(2 tan

−1
(0.75)) is equal to
(A) 0.75 (B) 1.5 (C) 0.96 (D) sin 1.5
A
−1 θ
(c) : Let 2 tan (0.75) = θ ⇒ 0.75 = tan( )
2
OV

Ans. :
−1
∴ sin(2 tan (0.75))

2 tan θ/2
2×0.75 1.50
= sin θ = = = = 0.96
RN

2 2 1.5625
1+ tan θ/2 1+(0.75)

* a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). [5]

PE

Choose the correct option.

SU

31. Assertion (A) : The relation R in a set

A = {1, 2, 3, 4} defined by R = {(x, y) : 3x − y = 0}

have the Domain = {1, 2, 3, 4} and Range = {3, 6, 9, 12} .

Reason (R) : Domain & Range of the relation (R) is respectively the set of all first
& second entries of the distinct ordered pair of the relation.
(A) Both (A) and (R) (B) Both (A) and (R) (C) (A) is true but (D) (A) is false but
are true and (R) is are true but (R) is (R) is false. (R) is true.
the correct not the correct
explanation of (A). explanation of (A).

Ans. : (d) : R = {(x, y) : y = 3x, x ∈ A} ∴ R = {(1, 3)}

∴ Domain of the relation = {1} and Range of the relation = {3} .

32. Assertion (A) : If f : R → R defined by f (x) = 7x − [7x] , where [.] denotes greatest
integer ≤ x∀x ∈ R , then f is not one-one function.
Reason (R) : Fractional part functions are always many-one.
(A) Both (A) and (R) (B) Both (A) and (R) (C) (A) is true but (D) (A) is false but
are true and (R) is are true but (R) is (R) is false. (R) is true.

Page 7
 the correct not the correct
explanation of (A). explanation of (A).

Ans. : (a) : f (x) = 7x − [7x]

Let 7x = y

Then
y
f( ) = y − [y] = {y}
7

⇒ f (x) is many-one.
∴ Reason is correct & many-one function cannot be one-one function, so
Assertion is also correct.
33. Assertion (A) : The domain of the function
sec
−1
2x is (−∞, −
1

2
] ∪ [
1

2
, ∞) .
Reason (R): sec
−1
(−2) = −
π

4
.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Ans. : (c) : sec

−1
x is defined if x ≤ −1 or x ≥ 1 .
A
Hence, sec will be defined if or
OV
−1 1 1
2x x ≤ − x ≥
2 2

The range of the function sec x is [0, π] − { } . −1 π

Hence, Assertion is true and Reason is false.

RN

34. Assertion (A) : All trigonometric functions have their inverses over their
PE

respective domains.
Reason (R) : The inverse of −1
exists for some .
SU

tan x x ∈ R

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Ans. : (d) : All trigonometric functions are periodic and hence not invertible over
their respective domains but all trigonometric functions have inverse over their
restricted domains.
Inverse of tan
−1
x is tan x which is defined for
π
x ∈ R − (2n + 1) ,n ∈ Z
2

∴ Assertion is false and reason is true.

35. Assertion (A) : Number of roots of the equation cot
−1
x + cos
−1
2x + π = 0 is zero.
Reason (R) : Range of cot
−1
x and cos
−1
x is (0, π) and [0, π] , respectively.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Page 8
 (C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Ans. : (a): Reason is correct, from which we can say cot x + cos 2x = −π is not
−1 −1

possible. Hence, both the assertion, reason are correct, and reason is the correct
explanation of assertion.

* Answer The Following Questions In One Sentence.[1 Marks Each] [20]

36. Let R be the relation in the set {1, 2, 3, 4} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (1, 1), (4, 4),
(1, 3), (3, 3), (3, 2)}. Choose the correct answer.
Ans. : R is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.
37. Let f: R → R be defined asf (x) = x
4
. Choose the correct answer.
Ans. : Since f (-1) = 1, f (1) = 1, f(-2) =16 , f(2) = 16. Thus, 1 and -1 have the same
image. Similarly, 2 and -2 also have the same image. So, f is many-one function.
Also, for all is a real number. Thus, for all y R.There exists x = in R
1 1

y ∈ R, y 4 ∈ y 4

such that f(x) = x

4
= y. Therefore, f is onto.
So, f is many one and onto.
A
38. Show that the relation R in the set Z of integers given by R = {(a, b) : 2 divides a-
OV

b} is an equivalence relation.
RN

Ans. : R is reflexive , as 2 divide a - a = 0

Let ((a,b) ∈ R then(a-b) is divided by 2
PE

⇒ (b-a) is divided by 2. Therefore (b,a) ∈ R and hence R is symmetric.

Let a,b,c ∈ Z such that(a,b) ∈ R and (b,c) ∈ R

SU

Then, a - b and b - c is divided by 2

⇒ (a - b) is even and ( b-c) is even

⇒ a - b +b - c is even, as sum of two even numbers is even

⇒ (a - c) is even
⇒ a - c is divided by 2

⇒ (a , c) ∈ R

Hence, R is transitive.
Therefore, R is an equivalence relation.
39. Show that the function f: N → N given by f (1) = f (2) = 1 and f (x) = x - 1, for
every x > 2, is onto but not one-one.
Ans. : It is given that
1, x = 1, 2
f (x) = {
x − 1, x ≥ 2

Clearly, f (1) = f (2) = 1 i.e. 1 and 2 have the same image.

So, f: N →N is a many-one function.
Let y be an arbitrary element in N (Co-domain). Then,

Page 9
 f(x) = y ⇒ x - 1 = y ⇒x = y + 1
Clearly, y + 1 ∈ N (domain) for all y e N (Co-domain). Thus, for each y ∈ N (co-
domain) there exists y + 1 ∈ N (domain) such that f(y + 1 ) = y + 1 - 1 = y.
So, f: N →N is an onto function.
40. x + 1, if x is odd
Show that f : N → N, given by f (x) = { is both one-one and
x − 1, if x is even

onto.
Ans. : Given function is f: N → N such that
x + 1, if x is odd
f (x) = {
x − 1, if x is even

One-One function
Case I: When x1 and x2 are odd.
Then, f (x1) = f (x2)
⇒ x1 − 1 = x2 − 1

⇒ x1 = x2

Case II: When x1 and x2 are even.

Then, f (x 1) = f (x2 )
A
⇒ x1 + 1 = x2 + 1
OV

⇒ x1 = x2

Thus, in both cases,

RN

f (x1 ) = f (x2 ) ⇒x1 = x2

Case III: When x1 is odd and x2 is even.

PE

Then, x1 ≠ x2
SU

Also, f(x1) is even and f(x2) is odd.

So, f(x1) ≠ f(x2)
Thus, x 1
≠ x2 ⇒ f (x1 ) ≠ f (x2 )

Case IV: When x1 is even and x2 is odd.

Then, x1 ≠ x2
Also, f(x1) is odd and f(x2) is even.
So, f(x1) ≠ f(x2)
Thus, x1 ≠ x2 ⇒ f(x1) ≠ f(x2)
Hence, from cases I, II, III and IV we can obsere that, f(x) is a one-one function.
Onto function
Let y∈ N ( co-domain) be any arbitrary number.
If y is odd, then there exists an even number y + 1 ∈ N (domain) such that
f (y + 1) = (y + 1) − 1 = y.

If y is even, then there exists an odd number y −1 ∈ N (domain) such that

f (y − 1) = (y − 1) + 1 = y

Page 10
 Thus, every element in N ( codomain) has a pre-image in N (domain).
Therefore, f(x) is an onto function. Hence, the function f(x) is bijective.
41. If R1 and R2 are equivalence relations in a set A, show that R1 ∩ R2 is also an
equivalence relation.
Ans. : Given that, R1 and R2 are equivalence relations,
Therefore, (a, a) ∈ R1 , and (a, a) ∈ R2 ∀ a ∈ A.
⇒ (a, a) ∈ R1 ∩ R2 , ∀ a ∈ A, showing R1 ∩ R2 is reflexive.
Now, (a, b) ∈ R1 ∩ R2
⇒ (a, b) ∈ R1 and (a, b) ∈ R2
⇒ (b, a) ∈ R1 and (b, a) ∈ R2
⇒ (b, a)R1 ∩ R2 ,
∈

Hence, R1 ∩ R2 is symmetric.
Finally, (a, b) ∈ R1 ∩ R2 and (b, c) ∈ R1 ∩ R2
⇒ (a, c) ∈ R1 and (a, c) ∈ R2
⇒ (a, c)
R1 ∩ R2 .
∈

This shows that R1 ∩ R2 is transitive.

A
OV

Thus, R1 ∩ R2 is an equivalence relation.

42. Let X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}. Let R1 be a relation on X given by R1 = {(x, y ): x - y

RN

is divisible by 3} and R2 be another relation on X given by R2 = {(x, y) : {x, y) ⊂ {1,

4, 7} or {x, y} {2, 5, 8} or {x, y} {3, 6, 9}}. Show that R1 = R2.
PE

⊂ ⊂

Ans. : Clearly, R1 and R2 are subsets of X × X. In order to prove that R1 = R2, it is

SU

sufficient to show that R1 ⊂ R2 and R2 ⊂ R1.

We observe that the difference between any two elements of each of the sets {1, 4,
7}, {2, 5, 8} and {3, 6, 9} is a multiple of 3.
Let (x, y) be an arbitrary element of R1. Then,
(x, y) ∈ R1
⇒ x - y is divisible by 3.
⇒x - y is a multiple of 3

⇒ {x, y) ⊂ {1, 4, 7} or {x, y} ⊂ {2, 5, 8) or (x, y) ⊂ {3, 6, 9}

⇒ (x, y) ∈ R2

Thus, (x, y) ∈ R1 ⇒ (x, y) ∈ R2.

So, R1 ⊂ R2 ...(i)
Now, let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of R2. Then,
(a, b) ∈ R2
⇒ {a, b} ⊂ {1, 4, 7} or {a, b} ⊂ {2, 5, 8} or {a, b} ⊂ {3, 6 , 9}
⇒ a - b is divisible by 3

Page 11
 ⇒ (a, b) ∈ R1
Thus, (a, b) ∈ R2 ⇒(a, b) ∈ R1
So, R2 ⊂ R1 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get: R1 = R2.

43. Consider the function f : [0, ]→R given by f (x) = sin x and g : [0, ]→R given by
π

2
π

g (x) = cos x. Show that f and g are one-one, but f + g is not one-one.
Ans. : We observe that for any two distinct elements x1 and x2 in [0, π

2
]
sin x1 ≠ sin x2 and cos x1 ≠ cos x2
⇒ f (x1) ≠ f (x2) and g (x1) ≠ g (x2)
⇒ f and g are one-one.
We have,
(f + S) (x) = f (x) + g (x) = sin x + cos x
⇒ (f + g) (0) = sin 0 + cos 0° = 1 and (f + g) (
π

2
) = sin
π

2
+ cos
π

2
= 1

Thus, 0 ≠ π

2
but, (f + g) (0) = (f + g) (
π

2
) So, f + g is not one-one.
44. Show that the function f : R → R given by f(x) = x3 is injective.
A
Ans. : Let x1, x2 ∈ R be such that f(x1) = f(x2)
OV

3 3
⇒ x = x
1 2

⇒ x1 = x2
RN

Therefore, f is one-one function, hence f(x) = x3 is injective.

PE

45. Find the principal value of tan

−1
–
(−√3) .
SU

Ans. : We know that for any x ∈ R, tan-1x represents an angle in (−

π

2
,
π

2
) whose
tangent is x. Therefore,
tan-1(−√3) = ( An angle θ ∈ (−
– π π –
, ) such that tan θ = −√3)
2 2
π
= −
3

46. Find the principal value of cos

−1
(−
1
) .
2

Ans. : Let cos

−1
(−
1

2
) = θ

−1
cos θ =
2

θ ∈ [0, π]

π
cos θ = cos(π − )
3

2π
θ =
3

Principal value is 2π

47. Find the principal value of tan-1 (-1).

Ans. : The given inverse trignometric function is tan

−1
(−1)

Now, tan −1
(−1) = tan
−1
[− tan(
π

4
)] [∵ tan
π

4
= 1]

Page 12
 −1 π
= tan [tan(− )] [∵ − tan θ = tan(−θ)]
4

π −1 −π π
= − [∵ tan (tan θ) = θ; ∀θ ∈ ( , )]
4 2 2

which is the required principal value.

48. If sin-1 x = y, then

Ans. : sin-1 x = y ⇒ siny = x

We know that range of the principle value branch of −1
si n x is [−
π

2
,
π

2
]

Because, we know that

−1 ≤ siny ≤ 1

π π
⇒ sin(− ) ≤ siny ≤ sin( )
2 2

Therefore, − π

2
≤ y ≤
π

49. Find the value of the expression tan

−1
(tan
3π
) .
4

Ans. : tan
−1
(tan
3π

4
)

−1 4π−π
= tan (tan )
4

−1 π
= tan [tan(π − )]
4

−1 π
= tan [− tan ]
A
4

−1 π
OV
= tan tan(− )
4
π
= −
4
RN

50. tan
−1
–
√3 − cot
−1
–
(−√3) is equal to

Ans. : −1
– −1
–
tan (√3) − cot (−√3)
PE

– –
= tan
−1
√3 − (π − cot
−1
√3)

– –
SU

= tan
−1
√3 + cot
−1
√3 − π

= π

2
−π

= −
π

51. Prove that: 2sin

−1 3
= tan
−1 24

5 7

Ans. : Let sin

−1 3

5
= θ so that sin θ =
3

−−−−−−− −−−−− −−
2 9 16 4
∴ cos θ = √1 − sin θ = √1 − = √ =
25 25 5

sin θ 3
∴ tan θ = =
cos θ 4

Since tan 2θ =
2 tan θ

1− tan θ
2

3 3
2×
4 2 24
= 9
= 7
=
7
1−
16 16

−1 24
⇒ 2θ = tan
7

−1 3 −1 24
⇒ 2sin = tan
5 7

52.
Prove that: tan
−1 −
−
√x =
1

2
cos
−1
(
1−x

1+x
), x ∈ (0, 1).

Page 13
 Ans. : We have to prove, tan −1 −
−
√x =
1

2
cos
−1
(
1−x

1+x
), x ∈ (0, 1).

Let ,tan −1 −
−
√x = θ ....(i)
−
−
⇒ tanθ = √x

Let R.H.S = 1−x 1−(√x)

1 −1 1 −1
= cos ( )= cos [ 2
]
2 1+x 2
1+(√x)

R.H.S = [from equation (i) ]

2
1 −1 1− tan θ
cos ( 2
)
2 1+ tan θ

2
1 −1 1− tan A
= cos (cos 2θ) [∵ 2
= cos 2A]
2 1+ tan A

1 −1
= (2θ) = θ [∵ cos (cos θ) = θ; ∀θ ∈ [0, π]]
2

−1 −
− −1 −
−
= tan √x [∵ θ = tan √x ]

= L.H.S Hence proved.

53.
Solve the equation: tan
−1
(
1−x

1+x
) =
1

2
tan
−1
x, (x > 0)

Ans. : Put x = tan θ

−1 1−x 1 −1
tan ( ) = tan x
1+x 2

−1 1−tan θ 1 −1
⇒ tan ( ) = tan tan θ
A
1+tan θ 2
OV
π
tan −tan θ
−1 4 1
⇒ tan ( θ
) = θ
2
tan +tan θ
4
RN

−1 π θ
⇒ tan tan( − θ) =
4 2

π θ
⇒ −θ =
PE

4 2

θ π
⇒ θ + =
2 4
SU

3θ π
⇒ =
2 4

⇒ 12θ = 2π

π
⇒ θ =
6

π 1
∴ x = tan θ = tan =
6 √3

54. Sin (tan–1 x), | x | < 1 is equal to

Ans. : Let tan-1 x = y, then tan y = x ⇒ sin y = √1+x2

x

∴ y = sin-1 ( √1+x2
x
)

−1 −1 x
⇒ tan x = sin ( )
2
√1+x

⇒ sin (tan-1 x) = sin(sin −1

(
√1+x2
x
))

= √1+x2
x

55.
Find the principal value of cot
−1
(
−1

√3
)
 Ans. : Let cot
−1
(
−1

√3
) = θ

−1
cot θ =
√3

We know that θ ∈ (0, π)

π
cot θ = cot(π − )
3

2π
θ =
3

Therefore, principal value of cot

−1
(
−1

√3
) =
2π

SECTION B

* Given Section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [20]

1. Determine whether the below relation is reflexive, symmetric and transitive:

Relation R in the set A of human beings in a town at a particular time given by
R = {(x, y) : x and y live in the same locality}
Ans. : Given that R = {(x, y) : x and y live in the same locality}
Clearly, (x, x) ∈ R as x and x live in the same locality.
⇒ R is reflexive.
A
Now, if (x, y) ∈ R, then x and y live in the same locality.
OV

⇒ y and x live in the same locality.

⇒ (y, x) ∈ R
RN

⇒ R is symmetric.

Further, let (x, y), (y, z) ∈ R

PE

⇒ x and y live in the same locality and y and z live in the same locality.

⇒ x and z live in the same locality

SU

⇒ (x, z) ∈ R

⇒ R is transitive.
Therefore, R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
2. Check the injectivity and surjectivity of the below function:
f:Z → Z given by f(x) = x2

Ans. : f : Z → Z given by f(x) = x2

Since, z = {0, ±1, ±2, ±3, . . . .} therefore, f(-1) = f(1) = 1
⇒ -1 and 1 have same image. ∴ f is not injective.

There are such numbers of co-domain which have no image in domain Z.

e.g. 3 co-domain, but domain of f. ∴ f is not surjective.
–
∈ √3 ∉

3. Show that the Modulus Function f : R → R, given by f(x) = |x|, is neither one-one
nor onto, where |x| is x, if x is positive or 0 and |x| is -x, if x is negative.
Ans. : Modulus Function f : R → R, given by f(x) = |x|
One-one: f(1) = |1| = 1 and f(2) = |2| = 2,so distinct elements have same image.So,
f is not one-one.
 onto: f takes only positive values, so range(f) = set of positive real numbers ≠ R,
codomain. So, f is not onto.
4. State whether the function is one-one, onto or bijective. Justify your answer. f: R
→ R defined by f(x) = 3 - 4x.
Ans. : Let (x , x2 ) 1
∈ R such that
f(x1) = f(x2)
3 - 4x1 = 3 - 4x2
x1 = x2
Hence one–one
Y = 3 - 4x
3−y
x = ( )
4

3−y 3−y
f( ) = 3 −4( )
4 4

f(x) = y
=y
Hence onto also.
5. State whether the function is one-one, onto or bijective. Justify your answer. f: R
A
OV

→ R defined by f(x) = 1+ x2
Ans. : Let x1, x2 ∈ R
RN

If f(x1) = f(x2)
PE

2 2
1+x = 1+x
1 1

2 2
x = x
SU

1 1

x1 = ±x2

Hence not one - one

y = 1 + x2
−−−−
x = ± (√1 − y )

−−−−
f (√1 − y ) = 1 + (1 − y) = 2 − y ≠ y

Therefore, f is not onto.

6. Find the value of tan–1(1) + cos–1 (− 1
) + sin
−1
(−
1
)
2 2

Ans. : Let us consider tan-1(1) = x then we obtain

tan x = 1 = tan π

We know that range of the principle value branch of tan-1 is [−

π

2
,
π

2
]

Thus, tan-1 (1) = π

Let cos
−1
(−
1

2
) = y

cos y = −
1

2
= cos(π −
π

3
) = cos(
2π

3
)

We know that range of the principle value branch of cos-1 is [0, π]

 Thus, cos −1
(−
1

2
) =
2π

Let sin-1 (−
1

2
) = z

π π
sin z = − sin = sin(− )
6 6

We know that range of the principle value branch of sin-1 is [−

π

2
,
π

2
]

Thus, sin-1 (− 1

2
) = −
π

Now,we have
−1 −1 1 1
tan (1) + cos (− ) + sin(− )
2 2

= π

4
+
2π

3
−
π

6
=
3π+8π−2π

12
=
9π

12
=
3π

7.
Write the function in the simplest form:
2
√1+x −1
tan
−1

x
,x ≠ 0 .

Ans. : Put x = tan θ hence θ = tan

−1
x

Now, tan
√1+x2 −1
−1
x

√1+ tan2 θ−1

−1
= tan
tan θ

−1 sec θ−1
= tan
tan θ

1
−1
−1 c os θ
= tan ( )
A
sin θ

c os θ
OV

−1 1−cos θ
= tan ( )
sin θ
RN

2 θ
2sin
−1 2
= tan ( θ θ
)
2 sin cos
2 2
PE

−1 θ
= tan (tan )
2

θ 1 −1
= = tan x
SU

2 2

8. Write the function in the simplest form: tan

−1 x
, |x| < a
√a2 − x2

Ans. : Put x = a sin θ so that θ = sin

−1 x

−1 a sin θ
⇒ tan ( )
2
√a2 − a2 sin θ

−1 a sin θ
= tan ( )
2 2
√a (1− sin θ

−1 a sin θ
= tan ( )
2 2
√a cos θ

−1 a sin θ
= tan ( )
a cos θ

−1
= tan tan θ

−1 x
= θ = sin
a

9. Show that
−1
−−−−− −1 1 1
sin (2x√1 − x2 ) = 2 sin x, − ≤ x ≤
√2 √2
 Ans. : Let x = sin θ . Then sin–1 x = θ . We have
−1
−−−−−
sin (2x√1 − x2 )

−−−− −−− −
L.H.S = sin
−1 2
(2 sin θ √1 − sin θ )

= sin–1 (2sinθ cosθ )

= sin–1 (sin2θ )
= 2θ
= 2 sin–1 x
10. Express tan
−1
(
cos x
), −
3π
< x <
π
in the simplest form.
1−sin x 2 2

Ans. : According to question, we have

2 x 2 x
cos − sin
tan
−1
(
cos x

1−sin x
) = tan
−1
[
2 x 2
2

x
2

x x
]
cos + sin −2 sin cos
2 2 2 2

x x x x
(cos +sin )(cos −sin )

=
2 2 2 2
−1
tan [ 2
]
x x
(cos −sin )
2 2

x x
cos +sin

= tan
−1
[
cos
2

x
−sin
2

x ]
2 2
A
x
OV
1+tan
= tan
−1
[
1−tan
2
x ]
2

= −1 π x π x
RN

tan [tan( + )] = +
4 2 4 2

SECTION C
PE

* Given Section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [21]

SU

1. Determine whether the below relation is reflexive, symmetric and transitive:

Relation R in the set Z of all integers defined as
R = {(x, y) : x – y is an integer}
Ans. : It is given that Relation R in the set Z of all integers is defined as
R = {(x, y) : x – y is an integer}
Now, for every x ∈ Z, (x, x) ∈ R, as x - x = 0 is an integer.
⇒ R is reflexive.
Next, for every x, y ∈ Z if (x, y) ∈ R, then x - y is an integer.
⇒ -(x - y) is also an integer.

⇒ (y - x) is an integer.

⇒ (y - x) ∈ R

⇒ R is symmetric.

Further, Take (x, y) ,(y, z) ∈ R where x, y, z ∈ R,

⇒ (x - y) and (y - z) are integers.
⇒ (x - z) = (x - y) + (y - x) is an integer.
⇒ (x, z) ∈ R
 ⇒ R is transitive.
Therefore, R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
2. Show that the relation R in the set R of real numbers, defined as R = {(a, b): a
≤ b2} is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.

Ans. : R = {(a, b): a ≤ b2}

It can be observed that
( , ) ∈ R, since > ( )2 =
1

2
1

2
1

2
1

2
1

∴ R is not reflexive.

Now, (1, 4) ∈ R as 1 < 42.

But, 4 is not less than 12.
∴ (4, 1) ∉ R

∴ R is not symmetric.

Now,
(3,2), (2, 1.5) ∈ R
(as 3 < 22 = 4 and 2< (1.5)2 = 2.25)
But, 3 > (1.5)2 = 2.25
A
∴ (3, 1.5) ∉ R
OV

∴R is not transitive.
Hence, R is neither reflexive, nor symmetric, nor transitive.
RN

3. Check whether the relation R defined in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as R = {(a, b ): b =

a +1} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive.
PE

Ans. : Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

SU

Relation R is defined on set A as:

R = {(a, b): b = a + 1}
Therefore, R = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)}
We find (a, a) ∉ R, where a ∈ A.
For instance (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6) ∉ R
Therefore, R is not reflexive.
It can be observed that (1, 2) ∈ R, but (2, 1) ∉ R.
Therefore, R is not symmetric.
Now, (1, 2), (2, 3) ∈ R
But, (1, 3) ∉ R
Therefore, R is not transitive
Hence, R is neither reflexive, nor symmetric, nor transitive.
4. Show that the relation R in R defined as R = {(a, b) : a ≤ b}, is reflexive and
transitive but not symmetric.
Ans. :
i. a ≤ a which is true, so (a, a) ∈ R, ∴ R is reflexive.
 ii. a ≤ b but b ≤ a which is false. ∴ R is not symmetric.
iii. a ≤ b and b ≤ c ⇒ a ≤ c which is true. ∴ R is transitive.
Therefore, R is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.
5. Check whether the relation R in R defined by R = {(a, b) : a ≤ b3} is reflexive,
symmetric or transitive.
Ans. :
i. For (a, a), a < a3 which is false. ∴ R is not reflexive.
ii. For (a, b), a < b3 and (b, a), b > a3 which is false. ∴ R is not symmetric.
iii. For a < b2 b < c3. Now b < c3 implies b3 < c9
Thus, we get a < c9, therefore (a,c) does not belong to R and hence R is not
transitive.
Therefore, R is neither reflexive, nor symmetric and nor transitive.
6. Show that the relation R defined in the set A of all triangles as R = {(T1, T2) : T1 is
similar to T2}, is equivalence relation. Consider three right angle triangles T1 with
sides 3, 4, 5, T2 with sides 5, 12, 13 and T3 with sides 6, 8, 10. Which triangles
among T1, T2 and T3 are related?
A
OV

Ans. : Part I: R = {(T1, T2): T1 is similar to T2} and T1, T2 are triangles.
We know that each triangle similar to itself and thus (T1, T1)∈ R ∴ R is reflexive.
RN

Also if two triangles are similar, then T1 ≅ T2 ⇒ T1 ≅ T2 ∴ R is symmetric.

Again, if T1 ≅ T2 and T2 ≅ T3 ⇒ then T1 ≅ T3 ∴ R is transitive.
PE

Therefore, R is an equivalent relation.

SU

Part II: It is given that T1, T2 and T3 are right angled triangles.
⇒ T1 with sides 3, 4, 5, T2 with sides 5, 12, 13 and T3 with sides 6, 8, 10
Since, two triangles are similar if corresponding sides are proportional.
Therefore, = = 3

6
4

8
=
5

10
1

Therefore, T1 and T3 are related.

7. Determine whether the below relation is reflexive, symmetric and transitive:

Relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as
R = {(x, y) : y is divisible by x}
Ans. : It is given that relation R on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as
R = {(x, y) : y is divisible by x}
We know that any number 'x' is divisible by itself.
⇒ (x, x) ∈ R ∀ x ∈ A

⇒ R is reflexive.
Now, (2, 4) ∈ R but (4, 2) ∉ R.
⇒ R is not symmetric.
Let (x,y), (y,z) ∈ R.
 ⇒y is divisible by x and z is divisible by y.
⇒ z is divisible by x.

⇒ (x,z) ∈ R
⇒ R is transitive.
Therefore, R is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.

SECTION D

* Given Section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [5]

1. If A = { 1, 2, 3}, B = { 4, 5, 6, 7} and let f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} be a function from
A to B. Show that f is one-one.
Ans. : Given, A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and
f : A → B is defined as f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} i.e. f(1) = 4, f(2) = 5 and f(3) = 6.
It can be seen that the images of distinct elements of A under f are distinct. So, f is
one-one.In other words, no two elements of set A are associated with set B which
implies that there is one to one correspondence between X and Y.

SECTION E
A
* Case study based questions [8]
OV

1. A relation R on a set A is said to be an equivalence relation on A iff it is:

RN

I. Reflexive i.e., (a, a) ∈ R ∀ a ∈ A.

II. Symmetric i.e., (a, b) ∈ R ⇒ (b, a) ∈ R ∀ a, b ∈ A.

PE

III. Transitive i.e., (a, b) ∈ R and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R ∀ a, b, c ∈ A.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

SU

i. If the relation R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3,
3)} defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
ii. If the relation R = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 3), (3, 1)} defined on the set A =
{1, 2, 3}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
iii. If the relation R on the set N of all natural numbers defined as R =
{(x, y): y = x + 5 and x < 4}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
 b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
iv. If the relation R on the set A = {1, 2, 3, ........., 13, 14} defined as R =
{(x, y): 3x - y = O}, then R is:
a. Reflexive
b. Symmetric
c. Transitive
d. Equivalence
v. If the relation R on the set A = {I, 2, 3} defined as R = {(1, 1), (1, 2),
(1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3)}, then R is:
a. Reflexive only
b. Symmetric only
c. Transitive only
d. Equivalence
Ans. :
i. (a) Reflexive
A
OV

Solution:
Clearly, (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), ∈ R. So, R is reflexive on A.
RN

Since, (1, 2) ∈ R but (2, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not symmetric on A.

Since, (2, 3), ∈ R and (3, 1) ∈ R but (2, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not transitive on A.
PE

ii. (b) Symmetric

SU

Solution:
Since, (1, 1), (2, 2) and (3, 3) are not in R. So, R is not reflexive on A.
Now, (1, 2) ∈ R ⇒ (2, 1) ∈ R and (1, 3) ∈ R ⇒ (3, 1) ∈ R. So, R is symmetric,
Clearly, (1, 2) ∈ R and (2, 1) ∈ R but (1, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not transitive on A.
iii. (c) Transitive
Solution:
We have, R = {(x, y): y = x + 5 and x < 4}, where x, y ∈ N.
∴ R = {(1, 6), (2, 7), (3, 8)}
Clearly, (1, 1), (2, 2) etc. are not in R. So, R is not reflexive.
Since, (1, 6) ∈ R but (6, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not symmetric.
Since, (1, 6) ∈ R and there is no order pair in R which has 6 as the first element.
Same is the case for (2, 7) and (3, 8). So, R is transitive.
iv. (d) Equivalence
Solution:
We have, R = {(x, y): 3x - y = 0}, where x, y ∈ A = {1,2, ......, 14}.
∴ R = {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9), (4, 12)}
 Clearly, (1, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not reflexive on A.
Since, (1, 3) ∈ R but (3, 1) ∉ R. So, R is not symmetric on A.
Since, (1, 3) ∈ Rand (3, 9) ∈ R but (1, 9) ∉ R. So, R is not transitive on A.
v. (d) Equivalence
Solution:
Clearly, (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3) ∈ R. So, R is reflexive on A.
We find that the ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the components of ordered
pairs in R are also in R. So, R is symmetric on A. For 1, 2, 3 ∈ A such that (1, 2) and (2,
3) are in R implies that (1, 3) is also, in R. So, R is transitive on A. Thus, R is an
equivalence relation.

2. Consider the mapping f: A → B is defined by f(x) = x - 1 such that f is a

bijection.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
i. Domain of f is:
a. R - {2}
b. R
c.
A
R - {1, 2}
OV

d. R - {0}
ii. Range of f is:
RN

a. R
b. R - {2}
PE

c. R - {0}
d.
SU

R - {1, 2}
iii. If g: R - {2} → R - {1} is defined by g(x) = 2f(x) - 1, then g(x) in terms
of x is:
a. x+2

b. x+1

x−2

c. x−2

d. x

x−2

iv. The function g defined above, is:

a. One-one
b. Many-one
c. into
d. None of these
v. A function f(x) is said to be one-one iff.
a. f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ -x1 = x2
b. f(-x1) = f(-x2) ⇒ -x1 = x2
 c. f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ x1 = x2
d. None of these
Ans. :
i. (a) R - {2}
Solution:
For f(x) to be defined x - 2; ≠ 0 i.e., x; ≠ 2.
∴ Domain of f = R - {2}
ii. (b) R - {2}
Solution:
Let y = f(x), then y = x−1

x−2

⇒ xy - 2y = x - 1 ⇒ xy - x = 2y -

2y−1
⇒ x =
y−1

Since, x ∈ R - {2}, therefore y ≠ 1

Hence, range of f = R - {1}
iii. (d) x
A
x−2

Solution:
OV

We have, g(x) = 2f(x) - 1

RN

x−1 2x−2−x+2 x
= 2( ) −1 = =
x−2 x−2 x−2

iv. (a) One-one

PE

Solution:
We have, g(x) =
SU

x−2

x1 x2
Let g(x1 ) = g(x2 ) ⇒ x1 −2
=
x2 −2

⇒ x1 x2 - 2x1 = x1 x2 - 2x2 ⇒ 2x1 = 2x2 ⇒ x1 = x2

Thus, g(x1 ) = g(x2 ) ⇒ x1 = x2

Hence, g(x) is one-one.

v. (c) f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ x1 = x2

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