Early problems that Pakistan faced

Geographical and Social Economic and Military Political Problems, Refugee Problem Issues relating to Princely States
Problems Problems & Canal Water Dispute
Geographical Problem Economic / Financial Problems Political Problems Princely States
 Pakistan was in two  Pakistan was mostly made  No official buildings, furnishings, and  No freedom for them as ordered by Lord
parts up of underdeveloped parts even officials as all remained in India Mountbatten. They had to choose b/w Pak
 East: Bengal and Sylhet with 90% of population in  Pakistan lacked politicians and and India
 West: the four rural and with only 8 towns statesmen who had experience and Hyderabad
provinces and few with pop. Exceeding 1 lac vision  Nizam was denied dominion status
 He favoured Pak though majority of pop. was non
princely states like Dir,  Agriculture was the main  The distance b/w East and West made
Muslim
Sawat, Chitral, Hunza, occupation of most of it difficult to govern  India put pressure on Nizam who was forced to sign a
Gilgit etc population & there was little  Jinnah not in good health treaty
 The two wings were industry Refugee Problem  Further pressure by india through filing a complaint
in UN
separated by almost a  Pakistan received Rs 750 Why did it arise?  Before any action by UN, Indian troops entered
thousand miles million from the reserved  After Redcliff Award many people found
Hyderabad
themselves living in the ‘wrong’ country
 Nothing except religion amount of 4 billion in with Junagarh
 Many fled to Pakistan only to escape communal
was common between difficulties violence  Pop. was non Muslim; ruler was Muslim
the people of East and  Financial assets were  Many came to Pak due to sentimental  Ruler declared accession to Pak. Indian troops
association surrounded the state
West unfairly divided  An Indian invasion followed by a complaint by Pak
 This became a matter of Military Problems Why did it become a problem?
in UN; the matter still remains unresolved.
 The influx was too heavy to be rehabilitated
concern as days passed  Pakistan needed 4000 Kashmir
 Pakistan lacked financial resources and an
Social Problems military officers while it got efficient govt to undertake the task  Largest princely state with strategic location
 Pakistan was not a only 2500  This led to violence in Pakistan as many turned  Led by Maharaja Hari Singh who delayed joining
either of the countries as he wanted to remain free
nation  No ordnance factory came on non Muslims in Pakistan when they heard of
 Did not treat the Muslim pop. well; many were
 Five major political to Pak’s share out of 16 to anti Muslim activities in India through victims
that fled to Pak. driven out to Pak.
groups: The Pakhtuns, produce military equipment  Finally, they chose to break into a rebellion;
Canal Water Dispute
Balochis, Sindhis,  The division of military India threatened to cut off supply of water to canals in
Maharaja was forced to ask India for help; India
agreed only when he agreed to accede to India
Bengalis, Punjabis assets was unfair. Pak Pakistan which had their headworks in India  Indian army came in; pak sent troops; a war
 With different cultures, mostly got outdated, Why did it arise? followed; matter was referred to in UN; a ceasefire
traditions, languages damaged, obsolete materials  Redcliff Award had given Ferozpur to India was arranged; a referendum was advised; referendum
and lifestyles which made it possible for India to have control not held yet
over water supply to Pak. Why did it arise?
 No sense of nationhood  India wanted to pressurize Pak for Kashmir  Kashmir had an economically imp location
but a strong sense of  India was against the creation of Pak so was  Maharaja wanted to remain independent thus delayed
Provincialism ready to use any means to damage Pak joining either of the countries
Why was it a problem?  Muslim majority was being persecuted and India got
 It meant huge damage to agro-based economy involved to support persecution
of Pakistan Why did it become a problem for Pakistan?
 It made any hope of better relations with India  It made the diplomatic relations between Pak. and
impossible India worse forever as it led to Canal Water dispute as
 With other economic and political problems, well
Pak was not equipped to deal with this crisis.  It led Pakistan into a war in its initial and unstable
Was just an addition to the long list of problems condition
that Pak already had  It worsened the refugee issue as more than 200,000
refugees fled to Pak from Kashmir