eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis

mtkicebulebis amoReba

dasruleb
dasrulebulia: versia 1.01 (15.12.2003)

evrokavSiris proeqti programidan Oisin II

administrirebulia iusticiisa da Sinagan saqmeTa sakiTxebis
generaluri direqtoratis mier

monawile organizaciebi:

A-SIT daculi
sainformacio
teqnologiebis centri -
avstria

avstriis federaluri
Sinagan saqmeTa
saministro

samarTaldamcav
erovnul specialistTa
centri (didi britaneTi)

Bundesministerium des Innern

vertreten
Landeskriminalamt Niedersachsen
durch MI / Landeskriminalamt
Niedersachsen (germania)

O.I.P.C. – interpolis
generaluri samdivno

evropoli
 erovnuli kriminaluri
sagamoZiebo departamenti
(SvedeTi)

winasityvaoba

kriminalebi sainformacio teqnologiebiT farTod

sargebloben. eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebis efeqturi amoReba
mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs danaSaulis gamowvevebTan
muSaobis saqmeSi.

eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebis swori saeqsperto damuSavebis

garantirebisTvis saWiroa Sesabamisi saxelmZRvanelo
principebisa da instruqciebis SemuSaveba. amgvari wesebi ara
mxolod uzrunvelyofen mtkicebulebis daSvebas sasamarTlos
mier, aramed Seamcireben zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnebis
SesaZleblobas.

eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis Taobaze winamdebare

gzamkvlevi, romelic evrokavSiris Sesabamisi direqtivebis
dacviT aris Sedgenili, wina xazze momuSave yvela
oficrisTvis Rirebul daxmarebas warmoadgens danaSaulis
prevenciisa da masTan brZolis saqmeSi.
es gverdi Segnebulad aris datovebuli carieli
winaTqma

winamdebare dokumentis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia yvela

saqmesTan mimarTebiT, sadac eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis
amoReba aris saWiro.

yvela wevrma saxelmwifom, winamdebare dokumentiT

SemoTavazebuli RonisZiebebis interpretaciisas mxedvelobaSi
unda miiRos sakuTari samarTlebrivi dokumentebi da
regulaciebi. amasTan, TiToeulma wevrma saxelmwifom
sakuTari saeqsperto samsaxuris sakontaqto informacia unda
daamatos winamdebare dokuments.

im organizaciam, an samsaxurma, romelsac surs

rekomendirebuli procedurebis gamoyeneba, TiToeuli
nabijis/moqmedebis ganxorcielebaze pasuxismgebeli piri unda
daniSnos, sakuTari struqturis Sesabamisad.
es gverdi Segnebulad aris datovebuli carieli
sarCevi
1. Sesavali
1.1. dokumentis megzuri
2. zogadi principebi
2.1 danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze mowmeoba
2.2 monacemTa SeubRalveloba
2.3 sakontrolo Jurnali
2.4 eqspertuli mxardaWera
2.5 oficrebis momzadeba
2.6 principebis kanoniereba da maTi dacva
3. amoRebis
amoRebis tipebi
3.1 eleqtronuli mowyobilobisa da monacemTa Semnaxveli
saSualebis amoReba
3.2 mTeli mexsierebis monacemebis aslis gakeTeba
3.3. amoReba monacemTa Senaxvis sarezervo (beqaf) Semnaxveli
saSualebis konfiskaciiT
3.4 SerCeviTi monacemTa aslis gakeTebiT amoReba
4 eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis procedura
4.1 amoRebisTvis momzadeba
4.1.1 amoRebis jgufis wevrebi
4.1.2 amoRebis saSualebebi da aRWurviloba
4.2 danaSaulis adgilis dacva
4.3 danaSaulis adgilis dokumentireba
4.4 mtkicebulebis mogroveba
4.5 SefuTva, gadatana da Senaxva
5. eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis tipebi: mopyrobis
instruqciebi
5.1 kompiuteruli sistema
5.1.1 kompiuteruli sistemis/eleqtronuli mowyobilebis
mogroveba
5.1.2 energiis statusis Semowmeba (CarTuli/gamorTuli)
5.1.3 kompiuteruli qseli
5.1.4 damatebiTi komponentebi
5.1.5 cifruli Semnaxveli saSualeba
5.2 sxva eleqtronuli mowyobilobebi
5.2.1 eleqtronuli mowyobilobebis amoRebis zogadi
instruqciebi
5.2.2 personaluri cifruli TanaSemweebi (jibis kompiuterebi)
5.2.3 telefonebi
5.2.4 mikroprocesoriani baraTebi da magnituri lentiani
baraTebi
5.2.5 telefonis mopasuxe aparatebi
5.2.6 cifruli kamerebi
5.2.7 faqsis manqanebi
5.2.8 printerebi
5.2.9 skanerebi
5.2.10 aslis gadamRebebi (aslis gadamRebi manqanebi)
5.2.11 mravalfunqciuri manqanebi
 5.2.12 peijerebi
5.2.13 GPS mowyobilobebi da sxva sateliturad mowyobili
aRWurviloba
5.2.14 eleqtronuli saaTebi
5.2.15 magnituri lentis mkiTxvelebi
6. bibliografia
7. terminTa ganmarteba
8. danarTi a: bloksqema/jibis saxelmZRvanelo
saxelmZRvanelo
9. danarTi b: sanimuSo formebi da sakontrolo siebi (b1-
(b1-b3)
10. danarTi g: bibliografia SeniSvnebiT
 1. Sesavali

eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba,
mtkicebuleba, el-
el-mtkicebuleba an kompiuterze
dafuZnebuli mtkicebuleba ewodeba sagamoZiebo Rirebulebis
mqone informacias an monacemebs, romlebic eleqtronul
xelsawyoSi an cifrul saSualebaSi inaxeba an maTi meSveobiT
gadaicema. el-mtkicebuleba aris [5]
myife da misi Secvla, dazianeba
an ganadgureba advilad SeiZleba moxdes. Sesabamisad, am
mtkicebulebas Zalian didi sifrTxiliT unda mopyroba;
el-mtkicebuleba xSirad TiTis anabeWdebisa an dnm-is msgavsad
latenturia;
el-mtkicebulebis sazRvrebs miRma gadatana advilia da
el-mtkicebuleba zogjer drosTan mimarTebiT sensitiuria.

sainformacio teqnologiebis1 sistemebSi gadacemisas informacia

aRar aris imdenad “materialuri”, rogorc is sainformacio
teqnologiebis farTod gamoyenebamde iyo. eleqtronuli
mtkicebulebebis amoRebisas gamomZieblebs ZiriTadad ori tipis
problema uCndebaT [3]:
uamravi eleqtronuli informacia arsebobs, romlis Seqmna,
modificireba, gadatana da waSla Zalian swrafad SeiZleba.
sainformacio teqnologiebis sistemebi mravalgvaria. isini
SesaZloa, ara mxolod iseTi mowyobilobebisgan Sedgebodnen,
romelTa amocnoba advilia, rogorc kompiuterebisa.
sainformacio teqnologiebis Semadgeneli mowyobilobebi
SesaZloa aseve naklebad advilad amosacnobi mowyobilobebi
iyos, rogorebicaa mobiluri telefonebi, peijerebi,
organaizerebi, faqsis manqanebi, an satelefono avtomopasuxeebi.
igive SeiZleba mivusadagoT eleqtronuli monacemebis Semnaxvel
saSualebas, rac SeiZleba iyos ara mxolod e.w. “disketa” an
kompaqturi diski, aramed aseve universaluri mexsiereba (e.w.
“USB”) an sim-baraTi.

am saxelmZRvanelos upirvelesi samizne pirveli reaqciis

valdebulebis mqoneni - anu pirveli reagirebis samarTaldamcavi
organoebis oficrebi da/an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis
damcveli sxva pirebi arian, romlebic danaSaulis adgilze
cxaddebian [5], ise rogorc sxva, ara sainformacio
teqnologiebis, eqspertebi. es eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis
aRmoCenis, Segrovebisa da dacvis mizniT damxmare
saxelmZRvanelo unda iyos maTTvis im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac
saeqsperto daxmareba uzrunvelyofili ar aris. pirveli
reagirebis mqoneni SesaZloa, eleqtronul mtkicebulebebTan
muSaobisas saeqsperto daxmarebas yovelTvis ver iRebdnen.
Sesabamisad, maT eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis sworad amoRebisa
da SenaxvisTvis specialuri momzadeba sWirdebaT. kargi

1
sainformacio teqnologiebi - IT
praqtikis damkvidreba xels Seuwyobs danaSaulis adgilze
eqspertis ar yolis mizeziT eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis
dakargvis an dazianebis minimizirebas Seuwyobs xels.
winamdebare dokumentis mizani amgvari eleqtronuli
mtkicebulebis moZiebis, amocnobis, Segrovebisa da
dokumentirebis kargi praqtikis rekomendirebaa [1].

1.1 dokumentis megzuri

winamdebare dokumenti Semdegnairad aris organizebuli:
me-2 Tavi eleqtronul mtkicebulebaze muSaobisas dasacav zogad
princpebs Seexeba.
me-3 Tavi eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis ZiriTad tipebs
ganixilavs.
me-4 Tavi aRwers amoRebis zogadi proceduris mTavar fazebs
aRwers.
me-5 Tavi eleqtronuli mowyobilobebis sxvadasxva tipis
gamoyenebis detalur instruqciebs moicavs.

am megzurSi gamoyenebuli terminebis gansazRvrebebi me-7 TavSia

mocemuli, sadac sxvadasxva mowyobilobebis suraTebic
mocemulia.
eleqtronuli mowyobilobebis PDA-ebis amoRebis ori jibis
wignaki mocemulia me-8 TavSi (danarTi a). me-9 Tavi (danarTi b)
winaswari interviuebis magaliTebs, aRweris siis magaliTsa da
qselTan dakavSirebuli rekomendirebuli kiTxvebis CamonaTvals
moicavs.
damatebiTi informaciisTvis ixleT me-6 Tavi (wyaroebi) da me-10
Tavi (danarTi g: bibliografia SeniSvnebTan erTad).

2. zogadi principebi
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis damuSavebisas umniSvnelovanesia
zogadi principebis [1-3] dacva Semdeg sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT:
danaSaulis adgilze mowmeoba,
monacemTa SeubRalveloba,
sakontrolo Jurnali,
eqspertuli mxardaWera,
oficrebis momzadeba da
principebis kanoniereba da maTi dacva.

ori principi momdevno paragrafebSia ganxiluli.

2.1 danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze mowmeoba

principi: oficeri danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze marto arasdros unda
gamocxaddes [2].

amgvar saqmianobaSi minimum ori oficeri unda iyos CarTuli.

amiT erTis mxriv oficerTa dacvis uzrunvelyofa xdeba xolo
meores mxriv ki danaSaulis adgilze ufro meti detalis
dafiqsirebas uwyobs xels. oficrebma sakuTari moqmedebebi unda
dagegmon da SeaTanxmon. gauTvaliswinebeli problemis
SemTxvevaSi maTi gadawyveta ufro advilia, radga “ori Tavi
erTs sjobia”.

2.2 monacemTa SeubRalveloba

principi: samarTaldamcavi organoebisa an maTi oficrebis arc erTma
qmedebam ar unda Secvalos eleqtronuli mowyobilobebis an monacemTa
Semnaxveli saSualeba, razec Semdeg sasamarTloSi dayrdnoba SeiZleba
moxdes.

eleqtronuli mowyobilobebisa da monacemebis damuSavebisas arc

programul da arc teqnikur nawilSi maTi Secvla ar unda
moxdes. danaSaulis adgilze mopovebuli masalis dacvis, da
Sesabamisad miRebuli masalis eqspertizis Catarebis procesis
dawyebis valdebuleba samarTaldamcavi organos oficers
ekisreba [2].

2.3 sakontrolo Jurnali

principi: sakontrolo Jurnali an ekeqtronul mtkicebulebebTan
mopyrobis amsaxveli yvela qmedebis amsaxveli sxvagvari Canawerebi
unda Sedges da iqnes Senaxuli. damoukidebel mesame mxares Seqmnili
Canawerebis meSveobiT imave Sedegis miRwevis SesaZlebloba unda
mieces.

mesame mxarisTvis danaSaulis adgilze gamocxadebuli pirveli

oficris mier ganxorcielebuli yvela qmedebis zedmiwevniT
dafiqsireba umniSvnelovanesia, raTa Canawerebis sasamarTloSi
gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba iyos uzrunvelyofili. eleqtronuli
mtkicebulebis amoRebasTan, mis xelmisawvdomobasTan, Senaxvasa
da gadacemasTan dakavSirebuli yvela qmedeba srulad
dokumentirebuli, Senaxuli da gansaxilvelad mudam mzad unda
iyos [4].

2.4 eqspertuli mxardaWera

principi: Tu ivaraudeba, rom policiis mier Catarebuli operaciisas
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis aRmoCenaa SesaZlebeli, pasuxismgebelma
oficerma droulad unda Seatyobinos eqspertebs/gare mrCevelebs [2].

im gamoZiebisTvis, romlebic eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis

Cxrekasa da amoRebas moicaven, gare eqspertebTan konsultaciis
saWiroeba SesaZloa, dadges. yvela eqspertisTvis cnobili unda
iyos am an sxva msgavs saxelmZRvaneloSi gamyarebuli principebi.
eqsperts unda hqondes [1]:
sferos specialuri conda da Sesabamisi gamocdileba,
saWiro sagamoZiebo da samarTlebrivi codna,
saWiro konteqsturi da samarTlebrivi codna da
Sesabamisi komunikaciis unarebi (rogorc werilobiTi ise zepiri
ganmartebebisTvis).
2.5 oficr
oficrebis momzadeba
principi: pirveli mareagireblebi Sesabamisad unda iyvnen
momzadebulni eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebis mosaZieblad da
amosaRebad im SemTxvevisTvis, Tu danaSaulis adgilze eqspertebi ar
arian [3].

gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi, rodesac saWiroa, rom pirveli

reagirebis momxdenma Seagrovos eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba
da/an miiRos eleqtronul mowyobilobasa an cifrul Semnaxvel
saSualebaSi arsebuli pirveladi monacemebi, misi Sesabamisi
momzadeba unda moxdes Sesabamisi RonisZiebebis marTebulad
gasatareblad da sakuTari qmedebebis saWiroebisa da Sedegebis
asaxsnelad [1].

2.6 principebis kanoniereba da maTi dacva

principi: saqmeze pasuxismgebeli oficeri da samsaxuri kanonis, zogadi
eqspertizisa da proceduruli principebisa da zemoT CamoTvlili
principebis dacvis uzrunvlyofaze pasuxismgebelni arian. es
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebis flobasa da maTze wvdomas Seexeba [1,
4].

yvela wevrma saxelmwifom mxedvelobaSi unda miiRos sakuTari

samarTlebrivi baza am dokumentiT SemoTavazebuli
RonisZiebebis interpretaciisas.

saerTaSorisod mniSvnelovani erT-erTi dokumenti, evropis

sabWos konvencia kompiuteruli danaSaulis Sesaxeb (2003 wlis
ivlisisTvis) Riaa wevri saxelmwifoebisa da am dokumentis
teqstis SemuSavebaSi monawile mxareebis mier xelmosawerad da
sxva saxelmwifoebis mier masTan misaerTeblad [6].

3. amoRebis tipebi

eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis oTxi ZiriTadi tipi

arsebobs [2-3]:
eleqtronuli mowyobilobebisa da monacemTa Sesanaxi
saSualebis konfiskaciiT;
sruli mexsierebis Semadgenlobis aslis gakeTebiT
(gamosaxulebis xelaxali SeqmniT an sarkiseburi principiT
arekvliT);
monacemTa Senaxvis sarezervo (beqaf) Semnaxveli
saSualebis konfiskaciiT; da
SerCeviTi monacemTa aslis gakeTebiT.

amoRebis sxvadasxva tips ganvixilavT momdevno nawilSi.

yuradsaRebia is faqto, rom amoRebis sxvadasxva tipis
erTdroulad gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia amoRebis erTi
proceduris Catarebisas. magaliTad, SesaZloa, saWiro gaxdes
rogorc eleqtronuli mowyobilobis konfiskacia, ise monacemTa
Senaxvis sarezervo (beqaf) Semnaxveli saSualebis konfiskacia.
3.1 eleqtronuli mowyobilobisa da monacemTa Semnaxveli
saSualebis amoReba

am tipis amoReba Semdeg SemTxvevebSi SeiZleba iyos

gamosayenebeli:
Tu sakonfiskacio ar aris bevri mowyobiloba, mag., calke
mdgomi personaluri kompiuteri an mcire qseli (mag.,
eWvmitanilis sacxovrebelSi);
didi finansuri an sxva saxis zaralis riski arsebobs,
romelic SesaZloa, gamowveuli iyos konfiskirebuli
mowyobilobis umoqmedobiT/gamouyeneblobiT/xelmiuwvdomlobiT;
konfiskacia absoluturad saWiroa konkretuli
danaSaulis xasiaTidan gamomdinare;
sakonfiskacio mowyobilobiT mxardaWerili moqmedebis
Sewyveta saWiroa/moTxovnilia.

am tipis amoRebis upiratesoba Semdegia:

misi Catareba Cveulebriv SesaZlebelia danaSaulis
adgilze eqspertis yofnis gareSe;
amoRebis procedura Cveulebriv did dros ar moiTxovs;
eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba kontrols qveS xvdeba; da
eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba kontrolirebul garemoSi
SeiZleba gaanalizdes.

am tipis amoRebis uaryofiTi mxareebi Semdegia:

aRWurvilobis dazianebis riski arsebobs;
konkretul danaSaulTan kavSiris ar mqone adamianebis
dazaralebis riski arsebobs; da
konkretul danaSaulTan kavSiris ar mqone qmedebebSi
Carevis riski arsebobs.

amoRebis procesi aRwerilia me-4 da me-5 TavebSi.

3.2 mTeli mexsierebis monacemebis aslis gakeTeba

am tipis amoRebisTvis, romelsac zogjer gamosaxulebis

xelaxla Seqmnas an sarkiseburi principiT arekvlas uwodeben,
specialuri mowyobilebis gamoyeneba xdeba eleqtronuli
mowyobilobis (an eleqtronuli monacemebis Semnaxveli
saSualebis) mexsierebis Sinaarsis zusti aslis SeqmnisTvis
monacemTa Senaxvis gareSe saSualebaze.

am tipis amoReba SesaZloa, xelsayreli iyos Semdeg SemTxvevebSi:

mxedvelobaSi mowyobilobebis mniSvnelovani raodenobaa
misaRebi (mag., mcire an saSualo zomis sawarmo);
didi finansuri an sxva saxis zaralis riski arsebobs,
romelic SesaZloa, gamowveuli iyos konfiskirebuli
mowyobilobis umoqmedobiT/gamouyeneblobiT/xelmiuwvdomlobiT
(mag., eleqtronuli teqnologiebis sistema eWvmitanilisTvis an
mesame mxarisTvis sacicoxlo mniSvnelobisad SeiZleba iyos
miCneuli); da
konfiskacia ar aris miCneuli saWirod konkretuli
danaSaulis xasiaTidan gamomdinare.

am tipis amoRebis upiratesoba Semdegia:

mowyobilobis dazianebis mcire riski;
konkretul danaSaulTan kavSiris ar mqone pirebis
dazaralebis mcire riski;
konkretul danaSaulTan kavSiris ar mqone qmedebebSi
Carevis mcire riski; da
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis gaanalizeba SeiZleba moxdes
kontrolirebul garemoSi.

am tipis amoRebis uaryofiTi mxareebi Semdegia:

danaSaulis adgilze specialuri mowyobilobaa saWiro;
eqspertis daxmareba rogorc wesi danaSaulis adgilze
saWiroa;
mtkicebulebis nawilis mxedvelobidan gamorCenis riskia;
amoRebis procedura dros moiTxovs; da
Sesabamisi aRWurviloba kontrols qveS ar xvdeba.

3.3. amoReba monacemTa Senaxvis sarezervo (beqaf) Semnaxveli

saSualebis konfiskaciiT

amoRebis es tipi SesaZloa imave situaciebSi iyos mosaxerxebeli,

rogorSic mTeli mexsierebis monacemebis aslis gakeTebaa (ix.
Tavi 3.2), es gansakuTrebiT maSin, Tu mxedvelobaSi misaRebi
mowyobilobebi da monacemebi Zalian didi raodenobiT aris (mag.,
didi qselebi, universaluri gamomTvleli manqanebis garemo).

dadebiTi mxareebi me-3.2 TavSi aRwerilis msgavsia (zianis an

damazaralebeli qmedebebis riski praqtikulad ar aris).
damatebiTi dadebiTi mxareebia is, rom:
danaSaulis adgilze specialuri aRWurviloba saWiro ar
aris; da
danaSaulis adgilze xangrZlivi aslis gadasaRebi
procedurebis Catarebis saWiroeba ar aris.

am tipis amoRebis uaryofiTi mxareebi Semdegia:

eqspertis mxardaWera Cveulebriv saWiroa danaSaulis
Cadenis adgilze;
adgilobrivi sistemis administratoris mxardaWera
Cveulebriv saWiroa;
mtkicebulebis nawilis mxedvelobidan gamorCenis riski
arsebobs (radgan sarezervo (beqaf) monacemebis sisrule
Cveulebriv winaswar ar SeiZleba iyos cnobili); da
 Sesabamisi aRWurviloba ar aris kontrols qveS.
3.4 SerCeviTi monacemTa
monacemTa aslis gakeTebiT
am tipis amoReba mxolod gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi unda
ganxorcieldes, Tu arc erTi zemoT CamoTvlili amoRebis tipis
gamoyeneba SesaZlebeli ar aris, anu, mxolod SerCeuli (anu,
yvelaze mniSvnelovani) monacemis kopirebaa SesaZlebeli Sedgom
analizis Casatareblad. eqspertis mxardaWera Cveulebriv
saWiroa danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze.

monacemTa kopirebisTvis gamoiyeneT Sesabamisi2 amoRebis

diski/kompaqt diski. amasTan, moZebnis kriteriumebis Sesabamisi
erToblioba unda iyos xelmisawvdomi. Sesabamisi monacemebis
Zebna dafuZnebuli SeiZleba iyos ZiriTad sityvebze (qi
vordebze) da unda moicvas failebis mTeli sistema da masalis
Senaxvis mTeli saSualeba (mag., failis saxelis gafarToeba
SeiZleba Secvlili iyos. amdenad, mxolod failis specifiuri
tipis Zebna sakmarisi ar iqneba; amasTan, Cveulebriv SeuZlebelia
im monacemebis povna, romlebic Senaxulia rogorc arqivi, diskis
miuwvdomeli nawilebi, an dafaruli an daSifruli failebi
standartuli ZiriTadi sityvebiT (qi vordebiT) Zebnisas).

am tipis amoRebis upiratesobebi da uaryofiTi mxareebi

monacemTa Senaxvis sarezervo (beqaf) Semnaxveli saSualebis
konfiskaciis msgavsia (ix. me-3.3 Tavi). kidev erTi uaryofiTi
mxare iqneba is, rom kompiuteris sistemis nebismieri istoriuli
rekonstruqcia SeuZlebeli iqneboda. es maT gamoZiebis
Rirebulebas seriozulad Seamcirebda. amasTan erTad,
gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces amgvarad amoRebuli
informacis mtkicebulebiTi Rirebulebis SenarCunebas.

4 eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis procedura

rogorc SesavalSi aRvniSneT, winamdebare dokumenti

eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebis amoRebis proceduraze akeTebs
aqcents, rac moicavs eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis Ziebas,
amocnobas, mogrovebasa da dokumentirebas. procedure Semgedi
gazebisgan Sedgeba [5], romelbic momdevno TAveSia aRwerilia:
amoRebisTvis momzadeba (nawili 4.1),
danaSaulis adgilis dacva (nawili 4.2),
danaSaulis adgilis dokumentireba (nawili 4.3),
mtkicebulebi mogroveba (nawili 4.4), da
SefuTva, gadatana da Senaxva (nawili 4.5).

blok-sqema/jibis wignaki romelic ZiriTAd nbijebs aRwers,

mocemulia me-8 TavSi (danarTi a).

2
mag., carieli da virusebisgan Tavisufali
sainformacio teqnologiebis garemos Cxrekis ZiriTadi
principebi, romlebis rekomendirebas axdens evrokavSiris sabWo
[3] srulad iyo mxedvelobaSi miRebuli momdevno TavebSi
aRwerili procedurebis werisas. zogadi politikis teqnikisa da
praqtikis gaTvaliswinebac [12] aseve rekomendirebulia.

4.1 amoRebisTvis
amoRebisTvis momzadeba

winaswari gamoZiebisas, romelic Cxrekis Sesaxeb nebarTvis

miRebazea orientirebuli, unda ganisazRvros, eleqtronuli
mtkicebuleba, romelic mniSvnelovani SeiZleba iyos saqmisTvis,
iqneba Tu ara napovni. amgvar SemTxvevaSi pasuxismgebelma
oficerma unda Seatyobinos monacemTa miRebis adgilobriv
samsaxurs da/an gare eqspertebs umokles droSi [2]. pirveli
gadawyvetileba, romelic unda iqnes miRebuli, aris ra tipis
amoReba unda ganxorcieldes (amoRebis tipebis me-3 TavSia
ganxiluli). im sainformacio teqnologiebis sistemis Sesaxeb,
romlis amoRebac unda ganxorcieldes, maqsimaluri informaciis
Segroveba unda moxdes winaswar da eqspertis mxardaWeriT,
rogoric aris, magaliTad:
kompiuteris hardvearis/operaciuli sistemis/programuli
uzrunvelyofis/programuli aplikaciis/da monacmeTa Senaxvis
saSualebasTan dakavSirebuli informacia,
komunikaciasa da qselTan dakavSirebuli informacia
(internet momsaxurebis momwodebeli3, telefoni, faqsi, modemi,
adgilobrivi qseli4, qselis aRWUrviloba, sxv.),
vin aris pasuxismgebeli kompiuterul sistemaze da/an
qselze (mag., hyavs Tu ara mas adgilobrivi administratori Tu
misi administrireba gare kompaniis mier xdeba),
ra raodenobis aRWurvilobis amoRebaa mosalodneli (me-3.1
TavSi aRwerili amoRebis tipis Sesabamisad),
ra raodenobis monacemebis kopireba unda moxdes (me-3.2 da
me-3.4 TavebSi aRwerili amoRebis tipebis Sesabamisad) da
arsebobs Tu ara sistemis beqafi Senaxvis saSualebaze (me-
3.3 TavSi aRwerili amoRebis tipis Sesabamisad).

momzadebis faza Semdeg nabijebs moicavs:

eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis nebarTvis sworad
gacemis uzrunvelyofa (mag., Sesabamisi kanonis dacviT
mopovebuli Cxrekis ufleba);
amosaRebi sainformacio teqnologiebis Sesaxeb
maqsimaluri informaciis mogroveba (ix. zemoT);
jgufis wevrebis SerCevaa (gareSe eqspertebis CarTviT, Tu
es saWiroa);
jgufis wevrebze individualuri valdebulebebis
gadanawileba;

3
ISP - internetis momsaxurebis momwodebeli
4
LAN - adgilobrivi qseli
 jgufis wevrebTan saubari imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu rogor
ganaxorcielon maTze dakisrebuli valdebulebebi (maT
Sesabamisi zogadi momzadeba gavlili unda hqondeT); da
amoRebisTvis saWiro xelsawyoebis, saSualebebisa da
aRWurvilobis mowideba (logistika).

rogorc ukve aRiniSna, yvela qmedeba unda Seesabamebodes

samsaxuris politikas, evrokavSiris, saxelmwifosa da adgilbriv
samarTlebriv bazas.

4.1.1 amoRebis jgufis wevrebi

Tu cnobilia, rom eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebi iqneba napovni

danaSaulis adgilze, amoRebis jgufSi unda Sevidnen
sainformacio teqnologiebis aRWUrvilobisa da eleqtronuli
mtkicebulebis Cxrekisa da amoRebisTvis specialurad
momzadebuli oficrebi. zog SemTxvevaSi damoukidebel eqspertTa
rCevac SeiZleba saWiro iyos (ix. aseve me-2.4 nawili). magaliTad,
Tu sistemis administrireba gareSe kompaniis an administratoris
mier xorcieldeba, maTi, rogorc eqsperti mowmis, CarTva
SeiZleba iyos ganxiluli (Tu isini eWvmitanilebad ar
miiCnevian). minimaluri moTxovnaa is, rom pirveli reagirebis
momxdeni oficrebi eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis mogrovebis
Sesaxeb minimalur doneze gawrTvnilni unda iyvnen.

jgufis wevrebis SerCeva da maTze pasuxismgeblobis

gadanawileba unda moxdes pasuxismgebeli oficris mier,
amoRebis proceduris fazebis Sesabamisad (ix. aseve me-4 Tavis
dasawyisi). fazebi da Sesabamisi funqciebi momdevno TavebSia
ganxiluli (me-4.2-4.5 Tavebi).

jgufis yvela wevrs Sesabamisi instruqcia unda hqondeT

miRebuli sakuTari funqciebis Sesrulebis Taobaze. mag., maT
unda icodnen, rodis gamoiyenon igive principebi eleqtronul
mtkicebulebasTan muSaobisas, romelsac gamoiyeneben sxva
fizikur mtkicebulebasTan muSaobisas, da rodis gamoiyenon
zogi specialuri RonisZieba (mag., aluminiumis fxvnilis
gamoyeneba ar unda moxdes eleqtronuli mowyobilobebidan
TiTebis anabeWdebis asaRebad). maT aseve unda icodnen, rom zog
SemTxvevaSi isini saeqsperto danayofs unda daukavSirdnen da
Sesabamisad, es sakontaqto informacia winaswar unda moiZion.

4.1.2 amoRebis saSualebebi da aRWurviloba

specialuri saSualebebi da aRWurviloba SeiZleba iyos saWiro

eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis Sesagroveblad. teqnologiurma
winsvlebma SeiZleba moTxovnili saSualebebisa da
aRWurvilobis Secvla SeiZleba moiTxovos. Sesabamisi
aRWurviloba/ZiriTadi saSualebebis nakrebi SesaZloa,
gamosadegi iyos Cxrekisa da amoRebisas da am aRWUrvilobiT
jgufis wevrebis uzrunvelyofa unda moxdes jgufis im wevris
mier, romelic logistikazea pasuxismgebeli [1,2,5]:
demontaJisa da mocilebis xelsawyoebi:
saxraxnisebi (brtyeli da jvaredini, da mwarmoeblis
specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT, mag., Compaq, Macintosh);
qanCgasaRebebi (eqvskuTxovani, varskvlaviseburi da
basrpira);
brtyeltuCebi (standartuli da nemsiseburi piriT);
gayvanilobis gadamWrelebi (kabelebis xazebis
gamosacalkeveblad);
patara pincetebi;
dokumentireba: Cxrekisa da amoRebis aRnusxva (sakuTrebis
reestri);
dasakravi qaRaldebi da lenta (sistemis Semadgeneli
nawilebis aRsaniSnad da identificirebisTvis, maT Soris
CasarTavebis);
kabelebis Tavebi;
luqebi (Semosakravi da misawebebeli);
sxva saWiro formebi (ix. me-9 Tavi);
ara Camorecxvadi feradi markeri pastebi (amoRebuli
nivTebis kodirebisa da identificirebisTvis);
kamera da/an video kamera (danaSaulis adgilisa da ekranze
gamotanili nebismieri elementis fotografirebisTvis);
SefuTvisa da transportirebis xelsawyoebi:
antistatikuri CanTebi (gatanili aRWurvilobis, rogoric
SeiZleba iyos samontaJo plata, dasacavad; masala, romelsac
satikuri eleqtro ebergiis Seqmna SeuZlia, rogoricaa
polieTilenis CanTebi, ar unda iyos gamoyenebuli);
antistatikuri burTulebiani SesafuTi masala;
kabelis SesafuTebi (kebelebis usafrTxod dasamagreblad);
mtkicebulebis Sesanaxi CanTebi da lentebi;
flopi disketebis Sesanaxi yuTebi, JAZ/ZIP-kartrijebi,
DVD-ebi an CD-ebi;
SesafuTi masala (masala, romelsac statikuri eleqtro
energies warmoeba SeuZlia, rogoricaa penoplasti an
penoplastis msgavsi masala ar unda iyos gamyenebuli);
brtyeli korpusis Sesagrovebeli yuTebi an myari yuTebi,
sxvadasxva zomis (sakuTari SesafuTi masala unda iqnas
gamoyenebuli, rodesac es SesaZlebelia);
sakomunikacio saSualebebi;
mobiluri telefoni an mtkicebulebis mosapoveblad
komunikaciis sxva saSualebebi (kompiuterul aRWurvilobasTan
axlos ar unda iyos gamoyenebuli);
daxmarebisTvis sakontaqto inforamcia (mag., saeqsperto
danayofis telefonis nomrebi).
sxva nivTebi:
jibis fanari samagriT;
xelTaTmani;
 xelis urika;
didi zomis rezinis SesafuTi saSualebebi;
lupa;
printeris qaRaldi;
amosaRebi diski/kompaqt diski (Tu gawrTvnilia misi
eqspertizisTvis gamosayeneblad);
gamouyenebuli flopi disketebi;
transporti (danaSaulis adgilamde da iqidan, jgufis
wevrebisTvis, amoRebisTvis saWiro instrumentebi da
aRWurviloba, da amoRebuli mtkicebulebebi).

4.2 danaSa
danaSaulis
Saulis adgilis dacva

pirveli reagirebis momxdenma yvela adamianis usafrTxoeba unda

daicvas danaSaulis adgilze da yvela mtkicebulebis, rogorc
tradiciulis, ise eleqtronulis Seulaxveloba.

es faza Semdeg nabijebs moicavs [5,2]:

daicaviT iurisdiqciuli politika danaSaulis adgilis
dasacavad;
yvela adamiani gaarideT uSualo adgils, sadac
mtkicebulebis mogroveba unda moxdes (maT Soris
aRWurvilobasa da eleqtro energies wyaros);
waSladi monacemebi daicaviT fizikurad da
eleqtronulad;
waSladi monacemis Semcveli TiToeuli mowyobilobis
identificireba, dacva, dokumentireba da fotografireba
moaxdineT (me- 5.1 da me-5.2 Tavebi);
daakvirdiT savaraudo eWvmitanilebsa da sxva adamianebs
maT mier mtkicebulebis Secvlisa an dazianebis asacileblad;
sainformacio teqnologiebis komponentebs daakvirdiT
mtkicebulebebis Secvlisa an dazianebis Tavidan asarideblad;
moaxdineT dakavSirebuli eleqtronuli komponentebis
identificireba da dokumentireba, romlis waRebac ver moxdeba;
mowyobilobasTan dakavSirebuli telefonisa da qselis
xazebis identificireba da dokumentireba moaxdineT da aRniSneT
iarliyiT;
gadawyviteT, gWirdebaT Tu ara am mowyobilobidan sxva
mkicebulebis aReba (mag., dnm, TiTis anabeWdebi, narkotiki,
katalizatorebi);
Tu asea, daicaviT zogadi procedura am tipis
mtkicebulebis mosapoveblad;
gadadeT ganadgurebis teqnikis gamoyeneba mas Semdeg
periodamde, sanam ar moxdeba eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis
aRdgena;
moagroveT latenturi anabeWdebi mas Semdeg,
Semdeg rac
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis aRdgena dasruldeba (radgan
kompiuteris klaviaturaze, mausze, disketebze, kompaqtur
diskebze, an sxva komponentebze SesaZloa, latenturi TiTis
anabeWdebi an sxva fizikuri mtkicebuleba iyos, Sesanaxi);
ar gamoiyenoT aluminis fxvnili TiTis anabeWdebis
asaRebad danaSaulis Cadenis adgilidan - aman SeiZleba
aRWurviloba da monacemebi daazianos.
danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze eZebeT ara-eleqtronuli,
magram dakavSirebuli mtkicebulebebi, rogoricaa:
dawerili pasvordebi da sxva xeliT Canawerebi,
qaRaldis bloknotebi CanawerebiT,
kompiuteruli hardvearisa da sofTvearis saxelmZRvanelo,
kalendrebi an dRiurebi,
teqsturi an grafikuri amonabeWdebi kompiuteridan,
fotoebi, an
personaluri interesebis Sesaxeb ifnormacia, rac Semdeg
SesaZloa gamosadegi iyos pasvordebis gamosacnobad
(pasvordebis umravlesoba pirdapir dakavSirebulia uSualo
garemosTan, rogoricaa mag., manqanis nomeri, partniorebi/bavSvebi,
telefonis nomrebi, hobi, a.S.)
Caatare winaswari gamokiTxvebi;
yvela adamiani daaSoreT erTmaneTs da moaxdineT maTi
identificireba (mowmeebi, subieqtebi an sxv.) danaSaulis Cadenis
adgilze da CainiSneT maTi mdebareoba am adgilze misvlisas;
me-9 TavSi mocemuli an msgavsi formebi/sakontrolo siebi
gamoiyeneT am pirebisgan informaciis mogrovebisa da
CaniSvnisTvis;
Tqveni samsaxuris politikisa da samarTlebrivi bazis
dacviT am pirebisgan moipoveT Semdegi informacia:
aRWurvilobis/sistemis mizani (mag., buRalteriis warmoeba);
aRWurvilobis/sistemis mflobelebi da/an mosargebleni,
romlebic danaSaulis adgilze arian, ise rogorc pasvordebi
(ix. qvemoT), iuzeris saxelebi, da internetis momsaxurebis
momwodebeli;
sistemaSi, sofTvearSi Sesasvlelad an monacemis misaRebad
saWiro nebismieri pasvordi (pirs SesaZloa ramdenime pasvordi
hqondes, mag., BIOS, sistemaSi Sesasvleli, qselis an internet
momsaxurebis momwodeblia, gamosayenebeli failebis, daSifruli
Sesasvleli fraza rogoricaa sistema PGP-sTvis (algoriTmebisa
da programebis nakrebi Setyobinebis daSifvris maRali
sandoobisTvis, Ria gasaRebebis gamoyenebiT), eleqtronuli
fosta, wvdomis markeri, damgegmavi programa, an sakontaqto sia);
usafrTxoebis nebismieri unikaluri sqema an gamadgurebeli
mowyobiloba;
nebismieri gareSe monacemTa Semnaxveli; da
sistemaSi dainstalirebuli nebismieri hardvearisa an
sofTvearis amxsneli nebismieri dokumentacia.
4.3 danaSaulis adgilis dokumentireba

danaSaulis adgilis dokumentireba gangrZobadi procesia

amoRebis mTeli proceduris ganxorcielebisas.
ganxorcielebisas kompiuterebis,
Sesanaxi saSualebebis, sxva eleqtronuli mowyobilobebis da
tradiciuli mtkicebulebebis mdebareobisa da mdgomareobis
zust dokumentirebas udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs [5]. me-4 Tavis
wina da momdevno nawilebSi ufro meti detalia mocemuli imis
Taobaze, Tu risi dokumentireba unda moxdes. winamdebare
nawilSi am instruqciebis mxolod mimoxilvaa mocemuli.

zogadad, unda moxdes Semdegis dokumentireba [1,2,5], Tumca

damatebiTi dokumentacia SeiZleba Seiqmnas mogrovebis fazaSi:
fizikuri adgili
sistemis skeC-gegma SeqmeniT, romelic moicavs mag., mausis
mdebareobas da komponentebis ganlagebas;
mTeli adgilis foto da video dokumentireba moaxdineT5
(dafarvis 360 gradusi, Tu es SesaZlebelia);
kompiuteruli sistemebi da eleqtronuli
komponentebi/mowyobilobebi/aRWurviloba
moaxdineT Semdegis dokumentireba:
yvela relevanturi aRWurviloba, mag., marka, modeli,
seriuli nomeri;
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis Semcveli an mwarmoebeli
TiToeuli kompiuteruli sistemis mdgomareoba da mdebareoba,
kompiuteris denSi mierTebis statusis CaTvliT (CarTuli,
gamorTuli an Zilis reJimSi);
moaxidneT kompiuterul sistemasTan an sxva xelsawyosTan
arsebuli yvela makavSireblis dokumentireba (sakabelo Tu
ukabelo);
iarliyiT moniSneT yvela porti da kabeli (periferiul
mowyobilobebTan kavSiris CaTvliT) mogvianebiT sistemis
awyobis sizustis dasacavad;
gamouyenebeli kavSiris portebi aRniSneT sityviT
“gamouyenebeli”. laptop kompiuterebis sabazo blokis
identificireba moaxdineT monacemTa Semnaxveli sxva
saSualebebis identificirebisTvis (ix. naxati 1).
monitoris detalebis dokumentireba moaxdineT Carevis
momentSi.
kompiuteris wina nawilis, ise rogorc monitoris ekranisa
da sxva komponentebis fotografireba moaxdineT;
gaakeTeT Canaweri, romelSic aRwerT, Tu ra Cans
monistoris ekranze;

5zog SemTxvevaSi adgili SesaZloa mxolod kompiuteruli sistemis Sesanax

adgils moicavdes, sxva SemTxvevebSi es SeiZleba iyos mag., binis yvela oTAxi
da Senobis gare nawilic ki
 video gadaRebiT aRbeWdeT aqtiuri programebi an
monitoris ekranze asaxuli saqmianobis ufro detaluri
dokumentireba moaxdineT.
moaxdineT im relevanturi eleqtronuli komponentebis
dokumentireba, romelTa mogroveba ar moxdeba;
informacia danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze myofi
adamianebisgan
gaesaubreT adamianebs da moaxdineT maTi pasuxebis
dokumentireba/SeavseT formebi (ix. aseve me-9 Tavi);
moaxdineT Semdegis dokumentireba:
Cxrekas daqvemdebarebul adgilze myofi yvela piris
detalebi;
yvela im piris detalebi, romlebic iyenebdnen
kompiuterul sistemas/aRWurvilobas;
SeniSvnebi, komentarebi da kompiuteris
gamomyeneblebis/mepatroneebis/mowmeebis mier mowodebuli
informacia.
danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze gatarebuli RonisZiebebi
SeqmeniT sakontrolo Jurnali/amoRebis amsaxveli Canaweri
gatarebuli ROnisZiebis aWreiTa da amoRebis zusti TariRisa da
drois miTiTebiT.

naxati 11:: SemaaerTeblebis iarliyebiT moniSvna

Semdgom maT xelaxla asawyobad [10]

4.4 mtkicebulebis
mtkicebulebis mogroveba
sainformacio teqnologiebis sistema mxolod imitom ar unda
iyos amoRebuli mtkicebulebis saxiT, rom igi danaSaulis
Cadenis adgilze ubralod napovnia. aseTi RonisZieba
gamarTlebuli da Sesabamisi danaSaulis proporciuli unda
iyos [2], amdenad Cxrekis Sesaxeb brZanebis (nebarTvis) gamcemma
gaazrebuli gadawyvetileba unda miiRos imis Sesaxeb,
sagamoZiebo organom unda moaxdinos Tu ara sagnis amoReba.

eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba,
mtkicebuleba nebismieri sxva mtkicebulebis
msgavsad, frTxilad unda iyos damuSavebuli imgvarad, rom
moxdes misi mtkicebulebiTi Rirebulebis SenarCuneba. es ara
mxolod nivTis an mowyobilobis fizikur SenarCunebas Seexeba,
aramed aseve im eleqtronul monacemebs, romlebsac is Seicavs.
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis zogi tipi Sesabamisad moiTxovs
specialur mogrovebas, SefuTvas da transportirebas.
eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba, romelic SesaZloa advilad
daziandes an Seicvalos eleqtronmagnituli velebiT
(rogoricaa mag., statikuri eleqtro energiiT, magnitebiT, radio
gadamcemebiT da sxva mowyobilobebiT Seqmnili) adekvaturad
unda iyos daculi. eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebi amoRebuli
unda iyos Sesabamisi samsaxuris mier SemuSavebuli
saxelmZRvanelo principebisa da Sesabamisi zogadi
sakanonmdeblo bazis Sesabamisad [5]. eleqtronuli
mtkicebulebebis Semdegi tipebi ganixileba me-5 TavSi:
kompiuteruli sistema (me-5.1 Tavi),
sxva eleqtronuli mowyobilobebi (me-5.2 Tavi),
cifruli Semnaxveli saSualebebi (me-5.1.5 Tavi), da
qselTan dakavSirebuli informacia (konfiguracia da
servisebi/aplikaciebi) (me-5.1.3 Tavi).

ara-
ara-eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis (an tradiciuli mtkicebulebis)
amoReba aseve gadamwyveti SeiZleba iyos
eleqtronuli/kompiuteruli danaSaulebis gamoZiebisas. amgvari
mtkicebulebis amoRebasa da Senaxvas Sesabamisi yuradReba unda
mieqces. eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis Semdgomi ganxilvisTvis
saWiro sagnebi sxva formiT SeiZleba arsebobdes (mag., dawerili
pasvordebi da sxva xelnaweri SeniSvnebi, qaRaldis bloknotebi,
hardvearisa da sofTvearis saxelmZRvaneloebi, kalendrebi,
literature, kompiuteridan amobeWdili teqsti an grafika, da
fotoebi) da isini unda daicvaT da SeinaxoT Semdgomi
analizisTvis. es sagnebi xSirad kompiutersa an dakavSirebul
hardvearTan uSualo siaxloveSia. yvela mtkicebuleba
identificirebuli, daculi da Senaxuli unda iyos Sesabamisi
samsaxuris mier SemuSavebuli saxelmZRvanelo principebisa da
Sesabamisi zogadi sakanonmdeblo bazis Sesabamisad [5] (ix. aseve
me-4.2 Tavi).

4.5 SefuTva, gadatana

gadatana da Senaxva
kompiuterebi da masTan dakavSirebuli mowybiloba da
aRWurviloba advilad dazianebadi eleqtronuli instrumentebia,
romlebic temperatures, tenianobas, fizikur Soks, statikuri
eletro energies, magnetur wyaroebs da zogierT moqmedebasac ki
cudad uZleben (mag., CarTva/gamorTvas). Sesabamisad, specialuri
sifrTxilis zomebis gamoyeneba unda moxdes eleqtronuli
mtkicebulebis SefuTvis, gadatanisa da Senaxvisas.
mtkicebulebis Senaxvis procesis dasacavad SefuTva, gadatana
da Senaxva adekvaturad unda iyos dafiqsirebuli [5].

zogadad kompiuteris yvela komponenti da Senaxvis saSualeba

gansakuTrebuli sifrTxiliT unda iyos damuSavebuli, radgan
ara eqspertulma mopyrobam SesaZloa, eleqtronuli
mtkicebulebis dazianeba an ganadgureba gamoiwvios [1,2,5]:
SefuTva
Segrovebuli yvela eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis Sesabamisi
dokumentireba da iarliyiT aRniSvna uzrunvelyaviT SefuTvamde.
rodesac es SesaZlebelia, mogrovebuli eleqtrobuli
mtkicebuleba sakuTar (Tavdapirvel) SesafuT saSualebebSi
gadaitaneT.
Tu sakuTari (Tavdapirveli) SesafuTi saSualebebi
xelmisawvdomi ar aris, isargebleT antistatikuri SefuTviT
(mag., qaRaldis an antistatikuri plastikuri CanTebi). moerideT
im masalis gamoyenebas, romelsac statikuri eleqtro energies
warmoqmna SeuZlia, rogoricaa standartuli celofnis parkebi.
ar mokecoT, moRunoT, an daCxapnoT monacemTa Senaxvis
saSualebebi, rogorebicaa disketebi, CD-ROM-ebi da firebi.
ar miamagroT dasawebebeli iarliyebi monacemTa Senaxvis
saSualebebis zedapirze. rodesac SesaZlebelia, monacemTa
Senaxvis saSualebebis SesafuTad gamoiyeneT yuTebi an
konvertebi.
uzrunvelyaviT, rom mtkicebulebebis Semcvel yvela
Sekvras Sesabamisi iarliyi hqondes.
Tu ramdenime kompiuteruli sistemaa amoRebuli, TiToeuli
sistema SefuTeT da maT iarliyi ise miakariT, rom maTi
xelaxali Segroveba SesaZlebeli iyos iseve, rogorc moxda maTi
aRmoCena.
gadatana
eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebi magnituri wyaroebisgan Sors
SeinaxeT. radio gadamcemebii, spikerebis magnitebi da gaTbobadi
skamebi im sagnebis magaliTebia, romlebmac SeiZleba
eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba daazianon.
aRWurvilobis dacva uzrunvelyaviT Sokisa da
dartymebisgan (anu, meqanikuri dazianeba), sicxisa da
tenianobisgan.
SefuTvis gareSe gadatanili kompiuterebisa da sxva
mowyobilobebis manqanaSi Sokisa da gadaWarbebuli vibraciisgan
dacva uzrunvelyaviT. magaliTad, kompiuterebi manqanis iatakze
unda iyos dadebuli, xolo monitorebi ekraniT qvemoT manqanis
skamze, da RvediT dabmuli.
mZime sagnebi ar dadoT aRWurvilobis/monacemTa Sesanaxi
saSualebis ufro patara zomis sagnebze.
rodesac SesaZlebelia, eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba ar
SeinaxoT avtomobilSi didxans.
Senaxva
 mtkicebulebis inventarizacia moaxdineT Sesabamis wesebis
mixedviT.
mtkicebuleba usafrTxo adgilas SeinaxeT, gadaWarbebuli
temperaturisa da tenianobisgan moSorebiT.
daicaviT is magnituri wyaroebisgan, nestisgan, mtvrisgan,
da sxva damazianebeli movlenebisgan.
gamoiyeneT adekvaturi daculi Sesanaxi oTaxi,
sadac Sesvlaze Sesabamisi kontroli iqneba dawesebuli,
romelic daculi iqneba cecxlisgan (mag., iqneba cecxlis
gamafrTxilebeli sirena, cecxlis Camaqrobeli mowyobiloba,
Senaxvis adgilas an mis mimdebare teritoriaze moweva ar unda
SeiZlebodes),
sadac gakontrolebuli iqneba temperature da tenianoba,
da
romelic daculi iqneba magnituri wyaroebisgan (mag.,
marTvadi radio mowyobilobebidan Sors).
ar SeinaxoT aranairi aalebadi nivTi imave oTaxSi, an am
oTaxTan axlos (mag., sarecxi saSualebebi, qaRaldis Sekvra).
gamoiyeneT iatakis Sesatyvisi safari da erideT
(eleqtro)statikur datenvas.
ar SeinaxoT eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba oTaxSi, sadac
aris wylis milebi, gansakuTrebiT WerSi.
gaiTvaliswineT, rom SesaZlo mtkicebuleba, rogoricaa
TariRi, dro da sistemis konfiguracia SeiZleba daikargos
xangrZlivi Senaxvis Sedegad. radgan elementebs SezRuduli aqvT
moqmedebis periodi, maTi dajdomis Sedegad SesaZloa, monacemebi
daikargos. Sesabamis personals unda ecnobos, rom aRWurviloba,
romelic muSaobs elementebiT/batareiT (mag., PDA an PC/CMOS)
gadaudebel yuradRebas saWiroebs.

meti informaciisTvis ix. mag., [7-8].

5. eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis tipebi: mopyrobis instruqciebi

5.1 kompiuteruli sistema

kompiuteruli sistemis mravali gansxvavebuli tipi arsebobs,

rogorebicaa laptopebi/nouTbuqebi, desktopebi, koSkura
sistemebi, modularuli damontaJebuli sistemebi, mini-
kompiuterebi, da universaluri gamomTvleli manqanebi.
potenciuri mtkicebuleba yvelaze ufro xSirad moipoveba im
failebSi, romlebic Sida (mag., maxsovroba, hard diski) da gare
(mag., CD, disketa, USB) monacemTa Sesanax mowyobilobebsa da
saSualebebSi [5] inaxeba.

pirveli reagirebis momxdenma yovelTvis unda iTxovos eqspertis

daxmareba, gansakuTrebiT maSin, Tu aRWurvilobis amoReba ar
daxmareba
unda moxdes (ix. me-3 Tavi).
kompiuteruli sistema tipiurad Semdegi komponentebisgan
Sedgeba, romelTa gaTvaliswineba unda moxdes amoRebis
SemTxvevaSi mogrovebisTvis (ix. me-3.1 Tavi):
ZiriTadi nawili (mazerbordis, centraluri procesoris,
mexsierebis da SesaZloa gamafarTovebeli platis Semcveli),
monitori (romelic Cveulebriv ZiriTad nawilzea mibmuli),
klaviatura (romelic Cveulebriv ZiriTad nawilzea
mibmuli),
mausi,
kabelebi,
energiis momwodebeli mowyobilobebi (mag., eleqtro
momaragebis moduli da Tavisufali elementebi/batarea),
SesaZloa, damatebiTi komponentebi (mag., modemebi,
printerebi, skanerebi, sabazo blokebi, portebis replikatorebi,
baraTis mkiTxvelebi, damcavi damaxSoblebi, mikroprocesoriani
baraTebi, da gare monacemTa Semnaxveli mowyobilobebi, ix. me-5.1.4
da me-5.2 Tavebi), da
qselis mowyobilobebi (ix. me-5.1.3 Tavi).

gaiTvaliswineT, rom ZiriTadi nawilis garda mowyobilobebs

SesaZloa, garedan SeumCneveli Sida maxsovroba hqondeT.

gaiTvaliswineT, rom kompiuteruli sistema SesaZloa,

gansxvavebuli mowyobilobis formiT iyos, rogoric SeiZleba
iyos stereo mowyobiloba an macivari.

personalu kompiuterebs aqvT sxvadasxva tipis portebi

(SeerTebebisTvis). diskavodis, saCvenebeli ekranis, klaviaturis,
modemebis, printerebis, mausebis da sxva periferiuli
mowyobilobebis SesaerTebeli ramdenime porti SeiZleba
arsebobdes [5]. personalur kompiuters mravali mowyobiloba
SeiZleba SeuerTdes ukabelo kavSiriTad (mag., bluTusi,
infraredi).

personaluri kompiuterebi Semdeg saoperacio sistemebs iyeneben:

MSDOS, Microsoft Windows, Unix, Linux, an Mac OS. kompiuteruli
sistema SesaZloa, avtonomiuri iyos an is SesaZloa, qselSi iyos
mierTebuli. kompiuterul qselSi damatebiT qselur
elementebsac vxvdebiT xolme (mag., qselis kabelebi, ruterebi,
habebi, gamanawileblebs, romlebmac ukabelo CarTvis
uzrunvelyofa SeiZleba moaxdinon; ix. me-5.1.3 Tavi).

eleqtronuli saidentifikacio niSnebi da Senaxvis saSualebebi,

rogorc aseTi, yovelTvis advilad aRmosaCeni ar aris. maT
SesaZloa, hqodenT saaTis (mag., gasaRebze damagrebuli),
biJuteriis, gasaRebis, eleqtronuli saTamaSoebis, a.S. forma.
cifruli kameriT gadaRebuli suraTebi Cveulebriv
mravalfunqciur mexsierebis baraTebze inaxeba (mag., fleS
mexsierebis baraTebSi) [2]. me-5.1.2, me-5.1.5 da me-5.2 Tavebi, me-7
TavSi mocemul ganmartebebTan erTad yvelaze xSirad
gamoytenebuli xelsawyoebis da Sesanaxi saSualebebis
mimoxilvas moicavs, romelic danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze
SeiZleba naxoT.

cifruli Senaxvis saSualebebi (ix. me-5.1.5 Tavi) xSirad Senaxuli

ar aris kompiuterTan axlos. maT calke oTaxSi an calke
SenobaSic ki inaxaven. zog SemTxvevaSi es saSualebebi specalur
yuTebSia daculi (mag., monacemTa dacvis karadebSi) [2].

dabolos, Semdegi damxmare sagnebi (ara eleqtronuli

mtkicebulebebi) SeiZleba, aseve ganixilebodes SegrovebisTvis,
ramdenadac maT SesaZloa, damatebiTi daxmareba moaxerxon
kompiuteruli sistemis gamokvlevisas [5]:
hardvearisa da sofTvearis saxelmZRvaneloebi
(Tavdapirveli CD ROM-ebis CaTvliT),
Canawerebi, dRiurebi, kalendrebi da msgavsi nivTebi,
romlebzec pasvordebi an sxva dakavSirebuli informacia
SeiZleba iyos moniSnuli,
qaRaldis bloknotebi,
kompiuterTan dakavSirebuli literatura,
kompiuteridan amobeWdili masala,
Sesabamisi fotoebi da
kompiuterTan dakavSirebuli gasaRebebi.

Semdeg nawilSi aRvwerT im ZiriTad nabijebs, romlebic

dakavSirebulia kompiuteruli sistemis an sxva eleqtronuli
moqyobilobebis mogrovebasTan [5,2].

5.1.1 kompiuteruli sistemis/eleqtronuli mowyobilebis

mogroveba
es nawili aRwers kompiuteruli sistemis amoRebis procesSi
saWiro nabijebs [1,2,5]. am nabijTagan zogi wina nawilebSi ukve
ganvixileT.

moaxdineT danaSaulis Cadenis adgilis gankgrZobadi

dokumentireba da CaiwereT Tqven mier ganxorcielebuli yvela
qmedeba da Tqveni qmedebis Sedegad momxdari cvlilebebi,
romlebsac Tqven SeamCnevT monitorze, kompiuterze, printerze
an sxva xelsawyoze (ix. me-4.3 Tavi).

ar gaiTvaliswinoT SesaZlo eWvmitanlis aranairi

gadaumowmebeli rCeva.

uzrunvelyaviT danaSaulis Cadenis adgilis usafrTxoeba day

vela piri moaSoreT teqnikasa da eleqtro energies wyaroebs (ix.
me-4.2 Tavi).
adgilze moZebneT Semdegi komponentebi/nivTebi (ix. me-5.1 Tavi):
kompiuteruli sistemis komponentebi,
cifruli Senaxvis saSualebebi,
damatebiTi komponentebi,
sxva eleqtronuli mowyobilobebi da
ara eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebi.
Tu kompiuterul qsels
qsels aRmoaCenT (ix. me-5.1.3 Tavi),
daxmarebisTvis daukavSirdiT kompiuteris eqspertizis
specialists Tqven samsaxurSi an gare eqsperts, romelic Tqveni
samsaxuris mier aris identificirebuli.
gaxsovdeT, rom zogi mowyobiloba SesaZloa, ukabelo
kavSiriT iyos sxvasTan dakavSirebuli (mag., bluTusi,
infraredi).
gaxsovdeT, rom Tu arsebobs rame qseluri kavSiri,
kompiuterul sistemaze wvdoma da SesaZlo manipulacia SeiZleba
ganxorcieldes amoRebis procesSi (anu, nebismier dros, rodesac
is CarTulia da imyogeba qseluri kavSiris farglebSi).
CaatareT winaswari gamokiTxva (ix. me-4.2 Tavi).
daaTvaliereT kompiuteruli sistema imis dasadgenad,
CarTulia
CarTulia Tu gamorTuli (ix. me-5.1.2 Tavi).
moaxdineT yvela kavSirisa da komponentis dokumentireba
da me-4.3 TavSi aRwerilis Sesabamisad moaxdineT maTi
iarliyebiT moniSvna.
moaxdineT kompiuterSi/kompiuteridan kavSirebisa da
Sesabamisi kabelebis fotografireba an diagramiT aRwera.
moaxdineT mtkicebulebis Tqveni samsaxuris procedurebis
mixedviT aRnusxva.
frTxilad moxseniT aRWurviloba da aRnusxeT maTi
unikaluri ganmasxvavebeli niSnebi. mowyobilobis gagrilebas
daelodeT maT SefuTvasa da gadatanamde.
Tu transportirebaa saWiro, me-4.5 TavSi aRwerilis
Sesabamisad SefuTeT komponentebi.

me-8 TavSi mocemuli jibis wignaki (danarTi a) moicavs

kompiuteruli aRWurvilobisa da personaluri cifruli
asistentis (“jibis kompiuterebis”) amoRebis kargi praqtikis
mimoxilvas moicavs.

5.1.2 energiis statusis Semowmeba (CarTuli/gamorTuli)

winamdebare nawili gamosayenebelia kompiuteruli

aRWurvilobisa da Senaxvis saSualebebis amoRebisas (ix. me-3.1
Tavi).

daaTvaliereT kompiuteruli sistema da daadgineT, CarTulia Tu

gamorTuli:
gamorTuli
kompiuterebis umravlesobas statusis maCvenebeli naTura
aqvT, romlebic miuTiTeben, rom kompiuteri CarTulia. Tu
gamagrilebeli ventiliatoris xma ismis, sistema savaraudod
CarTulia. Tu kompiuteruli sistema Tbilia, esec SesaZloa, imis
maCvenebeli iyos, rom is CarTulia an mxolod axlaxans
gamoirTo.
zogierTi portatuli mowyobilobis gaaqtiureba misi
saxuravis gaxsniT xdeba.
yovelTvis ganixileT portatuli kompiuterebisa da
mowyobilobebis batariis moxsnis SesaZlebloba.
portatuli kompiuterebs (mag., nouTbuqi an laptopi)
Cveulebriv aqvT damatebiTi batarea. zogierT maTgans meore
batarea flopi draivis an CD draivis adgilas mravalfunqciur
WrilSic ki aqvT moTavsebuli. amgvari batareis datvirTva xdeba
maSin, rodesac kompiuteri denis wyarozea mierTebuli da
srulad datenilma SeiZleba denis gareSe ramdenime saaTs
imuSavos.
kompiuteruli sistema, romelic gamorTuls hgavs,
SeiZleba, Zilis reJimze iyos gadarTuli da masze distanciuri
wvdoma SesaZlebeli iyos, rac failebis Secvlis an waSlis
SesaZleblobas iZleva. zogierTi skrin-seiveri iseT
STabeWdilebas tovebs, TiTqos kompiuteri gamorTulia.
daakvirdiT monitors da SeecadeT daadginoT, is CarTulia,
gamorTuli Tu Zilis reJimSia. monitorze Tqveni dakvirvebis
Sedegi SesaZloa, iyos Semdegi [5]:
situacia 1: monitori CarTulia da samuSao produqti da/an
desktopi Cans.
Tqveni Carevis droisTvis monitoris mdgomareobis
dokumentireba moaxdineT (ix. me-4.3 Tavi).
gadadiT qvemoT ganxilul “situacia b-ze”.
situacia 2: monitori CarTulia da ekrani Savia (Zilis
reJimi) an skrin-seiveri (mag., suraTi) Cans.
mausi msubuqad (klaviSebze daWeris gareSe) gaamoZraveT.
ekrani unda Seicvalos da gaCvenoT samuSao produqti an
mogTxovoT pasvordi.
Tu mausis gadaadgileba ar cvlis ekrans, ar daaWiroT
aranair klaviSs an ar awarmooT aranairi operacia mausiT.
Tqveni Carevis droisTvis monitoris mdgomareobis
dokumentireba moaxdineT (ix. me-4.3 Tavi).
gadadiT qvemoT ganxilul “situacia b-ze”.
situacia 3: monitori gamorTulia.
CainiSneT, rom kompiuteris statusia “gamorTuli”.
CarTeT monitori da amis Semdeg daadgineT, monitoris
statusi Seesabameba Tu ara zemoT situacia 1 an situacia 2-Si
aRwerils da mihyeviT Sesabamis nabijebs.

Tqveni dakvirvebis Sedegi (imasTan dakavSirebiT,

kompiuteri CarTulia Tu gamorTuli) Semdegi SeiZleba iyos:

situacia a:
a Tqven daadgineT, rom sistema gamorTulia; ar
CarToT!
 moaSoreT denSi CarTvis kabeli samizne mowyobilobas (ar
ar
moaSoroT is kedlis CamrTvels) da CainiSneT amis gakeTebis
dro.
Tu portatul xelsawyosTan muSaobT, aseve gamoacalkeveT
batarea. gamoacalkeveT nebismieri damatebiTi batarea, Tu
aseTebi aris (zogierT portatul mowyobilobas meore batarea
flopi draivis an CD draivis adgilas mravalfunqciur WrilSi
aqvT moTavsebuli).

Tu kompiuteruli sistema gamorTulia, datoveT gamorTulad,

radgan kompiuteris CarTvis procesi kompiuteruli monacemebis
modificirebas moaxdens da potenciurad mtkicebulebas
gaanadgurebs.

situacia b: Tqven daadgineT, rom sistema CarTulia; ar

gamorToT igi!
SeecadeT eqspertTan dakavSirebas.
Tu eqsperti xelmisawvdomia, mihyeviT mis rCevas.
Tu eqsperti xelmisawvdomi ar aris, gaagrZeleT Semdgomi
instruqciis Sesabamisad.
ar SeexoT klaviaturas an sxva mierTebul mowyobilobas.
denis mimwodebeli kabeli gamoaerTeT samizne
aRWurvilobidan (ar
ar gamorToT Stefselidan, radgan
kompiuterul sistemas SesaZloa, kompiuterul sistemas
SesaZloa, hqondes uwyveti kvebis wyaro - UPS) da CainiSneT amis
gakeTebis dro.
gaxsovdeT, rom aman mtkicebulebis dakargva SeiZleba
gamoiwvios (ix. aseve yuTi qvemoT).
monacemTa Senaxvis saSualeba moaSoreT Sesabamis
mowyobilobebs; moaTavseT isini maT pirvelad yuTebSi/SesafuT
masalaSi da Sesabamisi iarliyiT aRniSneT. gamoiyeneT an
monacemTa amoRebisTvis gamosayenebeli diski/kompaqturi diski an
carieli flopi diski, Tu aseTi xelT gaqvT. ar gamoiRoT
kompaqturi diski an SeexoT kompaqturi diskis samarTav arc erT
Rilaks [5].
gamoaerTeT modemi, Tu CarTulia, radgan misi ubralod
gamorTva yovelTvvis sakmarisi SesaZloa, ar iyos.
Tu portatul mowyobilobasTan gaqvT saqme, batareac
gamoaerTeT. Tu damatebiTi batareebic aris, gamoaerTeT isinic
(zog portatul mowyobilobas meore batarea flopi draivis an
CD draivis adgilas mravalfunqciur WrilSi aqvT moTavsebuli).
denis miwodebis kabelis kompiuteruli sistemidan gamoerTeba
gavlenas moaxdens yvela moqmed programasa da kompiuteris
SemTxveviTi wvdomis mexsierebaSi (RAM)6 Senaxul yvela
monacemze (Sesabamisi monacemebis, rogoricaa pasvordebi,
CaTvliT). es moicavs internetSi CarTvas, beWdvas an daSifvra.

situacia g: ver adgenT, sistema gamorTulia, Tu ara.

CaTvaleT, rom is gamorTulia. ar daaWiroT CarTvis
Rilaks.
denis momwodebeli kabeli gamoaerTeT samizne
aRWurvilobidan (ar
ar gamoaerToT Stefselidan) da aRniSneT amis
gakeTebis dro.
Tu portatul mowyobilobasTan gaqvT saqme, gamoaerTeT
batareac. Tu damatebiTi batareebic aris, gamoaerTeT isinic
(zog portatul mowyobilobas meore batarea flopi draivis an
CD draivis adgilas mravalfunqciur WrilSi aqvT moTavsebuli).

5.1.3 kompiuteruli qseli

yovelTvis ivaraudeT, rom kompiuteruli qseli iarsebebs.

Tu Tqven dasabuTebuli varaudi gaqvT, rom qseli arsebobs,

daukavSirdiT kompiuteruli qselebis eqsperts. Tu eqspertis
moZieba ar aris SesaZlebeli, winamdebare TavSi mocemuli
informacia SesaZloa, dagexmaroT Sesabamisi mowyobilobis
amoRebisas.

imis maCveneblebi, rom kompiuterul qselTan gaqvT saqme,

SeiZleba, moicavdes Semdegs [5]:
mraval kompiuteriani sistemis arseboba.
qselis komponentebis arseboba, mag.:
qselis interfeisi baraTebi (NIC an qselis baraTebi) da
maTTan dakavSirebuli kabelebi (Tu ukabelo ar aris);
ukabelo adgilobrivi qselis (LAN) xelsawyoebi (mag.,
ukabelo wvdomis wertili);
ruterebi, habebi da sviCebi;
serverebi da
qselis kabelebi, romlebic kompiuterebsa an centralur
xelsawyoebs, rogorci aris habebi, Soris aris ganlagebuli.
informantebis an danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze myofi
adamianebis mier mowodebuli informacia (ix. aseve me-4.2 da me-9
Tavebi).

6 SemTxveviTi wvdomis mexsiereba

Tu kompiuterul qsels naxavT, daukavSirdiT kompiuteruli
eqspertizis eqsperts Tqven uwyebaSi an Tqveni samsaxuris mier
rekomendirebul gareSe eqsperts daxmarebisTvis. sxva
SemTxvevaSi ixelmZRvaneleT me-5.1.1 TavSi miTiTebuli
instruqciebiT.

ar gagzavnoT mogrovebuli informacia internetiT Riad (anu,

daSifvrisa da gzavnilis namdvilobis kodis an eleqtronuli
xelmoweris gareSe).

SesaZlo mtkicebuleba kompiuterul qselebTan dakavSirebiT

moicavs Semdegs:
internet momsaxurebis momwodebels (ISP),
internet protokolis (IP) misamarT(eb)s,
TariRisa da drois Sesaxeb informacia, drois zonis miTiTebiT
(rac internetiT sargeblobis Sesaxeb erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi
informaciaa),
adgilobirivi qselis (LAN) konfiguracia,
domeinis saxelebis momsaxurebis (DNS) server(eb)i,
eleqtronuli fosta,
usafrTxoeba/daSifvra,
axali ambebis jgufebi,
sasaubro oTaxebi/jgufebi,
eleqtronuli maRaziebi/momsaxurebis momwodeblebi (Tu
piradi/gadaxdasTan dakavSirebuli informaciaa CarTuli) da IP
misamarTebi/serverebis saxelebi/sxva monacemebi sxvadasxva
qselis momsaxurebisTvis (mag., ftp, telnet, WWW).

aseve ixileT sakontrolo sia Sesabamisi kiTxvebiT winaswari

gamokiTxvisTvis danarTSi b3 (me-9 Tavi).

5.1.4 damatebiTi komponentebi

rogorc me-5.1 TavSia naxsenebi, kompiuteruli sistema SeiZleba
moicavdes zogierT damatebiT components, rogoricaa mag.:
kabelebiT an sxva interfeisiT dakavSirebuli gare Sesanaxi
mowyobiloba;
gare hard draivebi,
gare CD-RW an DVD draivebi,
flopi draivebi,
JAZ draivebi,
ZIP draiverbi,
magneturi lentis draivebi da
ORB draivebi.
draivis dublikatorebi;
MP3 fleierebi;
damcveli damaxSoblebi (mag., USB damcveli damaxSobeli,
paraleluri portis damcavi damaxSobeli, seriuli portis
damcveli damaxSobeli);
mikroprocesoriani baraTebi (ix. me-5.2.4 Tavi) da
mikroprocesoriani baraTebis mkiTxvelebi;
printerebi (ix. me-5.2.8 Tavi);
skanerebi (ix. me-5.2.9 Tavi);
sabazo blokebi;
portebis replokatori;
personaluri kompiuteris baraTebi da personaluri kompiuteris
baraTis mkiTxvelebi;
veb kamerebi (ix. cifruli kamerebi);
modemebi (Sida an gare, telefonze darekvis
mowyobiloba/analogi an kabeli, DSL, ISDN, ukabelo modemebi);
ukabelo mowyobilobebi;
infrared-adaptorebi (USB, seriuli, sistemuri plata),
infrarediT momuSave mowyobilobebi (ukabelo LAN, nouTbuqebsa
da personalur kompiuterebs Soris makavSireblebi, ukabelo
modemebi, damcavi signalizaciis mowyobilobebi),
bluTusis amamuSavebeli mowyobilobebi (mag., bluTus USB
damcavi damaxSoblebi jibis kompiuterebisTvis (PDA-ebisTvisa)
da personaluri kompiuterisTvis, personaluri kompiuteris
baraTebi nouTbuqebisTvis), da
bluTusiT momuSave mwyobilobebi (mag., yursasmenebi, jibis
kompiuterebi (PDA-ebi), nouTbuqebi, telefonebi, GPS mimRebebi).

gaxsovdeT, rom zog komponents, SesaZloa, gansxvavebuli funqcia

hqondes (mag., kalmebi, xelis saaTebi, saiuveliro nawarmi).

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

5.1.5 cifruli Semnaxveli saSualeba

Semdegi saSualebebi xSirad kompiuterTan axlos ar aris
Senaxuli, is an sxva oTaxSi an sxva SenobaSia daculi (zog
SemTxvevaSi saSualeba es saSualeba SeiZleba specialur
yuTebSi, e.w. monacemTa usafrTxoebis karadebSi iyos Senaxuli)
[2,5]:
flopi diskebi,
saTadarigo saSualebebi (mag., magnituri lentebi),
JAZ, ZIP da ORB diskebi,
kompaqturi diskebi da DVD-ebi,
kompiuterTan daukavSirebeli harddraivebi,
personaluri kompiuteris baraTebi,
magnituri lentis baraTi,
mexsierebis baraTebi,
USB maxsovrobis gasaRebebi/,
damcavi damaxSoblebi,
myari diskebi, da
ix. aseve jibis kompiuterebi (PDA-ebi) me-5.2.2 TavSi.
gaxsovdeT, rom zog saSualebas SesaZloa, gansxvavebuli funqcia
hqondes (mag., kalmebi, xelis saaTebi, saiuveliro nawarmi).

ix. me-4.5 Tavi SefuTvis, gadatanisa da Senaxvis zogadi

instruqciebisTvis.

5.2 sxva eleqtronuli mowyobilobebi

personaluri cifruli asistentebi (PDA an jibis kompiuterebi),
ix. aseve me-5.2.2 Tavi, rogoricaa, mag.,
eleqtronuli organaizeri,
komunikatori, an
mikroprocesoriani telefoni.
video aRWurviloba (video kamera, videos kasetis Camweri (VCR)
an fleieri);
audio Camwerebi;
Cipebi;
samontaJo platebi;
gamfarTovebeli platebi;
cifruli kamerebi (ix. me-5.2.6 Tavi);
wvdomis markerebi (baraTisa da iuzeris informaciis
identificirebisTvis/avTentificirebisTvis, konfiguraciebisTvis,
nebis darTvisTvis, an Tavad mowyobilobis mier), mag.,
mikroprocesoriani baraTebi (ix. me-5.2.4 Tavi),
damcavi damaxSoblebi (usafrTxoebis damcavi damaxSoblebi),
rasac aseve ewodeba hardvearis gasaRebi, an
biometriuli skanerebi.
telefonebi (ix. me-5.2.3 Tavi);
telefonis aparatebis mopasuxe (ix. me-5.2.5 Tavi);
faqsis manqanebi (ix. me-5.2.7 Tavi);
diqtofonebi/xmis Camwerebi (ix. aseve telefonis aparatebis
mopasuxeebi);
peijerebi (ix. me-5.2.12 Tavi);
maxsovrobis baraTebiani saTamaSo mowyobilobebi, kartrijebiani
saTamaSo manqanebi, Xbox-ebi, gamecube-ebi, a.S.;
GPS mowyobilobebi da sxva satelituri mowyobilobebi (ix. me-
5.2.13 Tavi);
cifruli saaTebi (ix. me-5.2.14 Tavi);
kredit baraTebis sqimerebi (an magnituri lentis mkiTxveli, ix.
aseve me-5.2.15 Tavi);
aslis gadamRebebi (aslis gadamRebi manqanebi, ix. me-5.2.10 Tavi).

gaxsovdeT, rom zog saSualebas SesaZloa, gansxvavebuli funqcia

hqondes (mag., kalmebi, xelis saaTebi, saiuveliro nawarmi).

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli instruqciebisTvis

amoRebisas. mowyobilobebis aRwera aseve SeiZleba ixiloT me-7
TavSi.
ix. me-4.5 Tavi SefuTvis, gadatanisa da Senaxvis zogadi
instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.1 eleqtronuli mowyobilobebis amoRebis zogadi

instruqciebi

eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebis amoRebisas gaTvasliwnebuli

unda iyos Semdegi [2,5]:
Tu mowyobiloba CarTulia, ar gamorToT is, radgan gamorTvam
SesaZloa, dablokvis meqanizmi aamuSavos.
ekranze gamotanili informacia fotogadaRebiT daafiqsireT (Tu
aseTi aris) da CaiwereT naCvenebi informacia.
moxseniT eleqtro energiis mimwodebeli yvela kabeli
(Cveulebriv, jobia maTi samizne aRWurvilobidan gamoTiSva,
nacvlad Stefselidan gamorTvisa).
ar SeecadoT Sida mexsierebis an monacemTa romelime Senaxvis
saSualebis wvdomas.
Tu is gamorTulia, ar CarToT, radgan aman SesaZloa
mtkicebuleba Secvalos/gaanadguros (rogorc kompiuterul
sistemebSi, ix. aseve me-5.1.1 Tavi).
gamorTeT yvela telefonis xazi kedlidan da ar gamoaerToT
mowyobilobidan, ris Semdeg moaxdineT misi dokumentireba da
iarliyiT aRniSvna.
mniSvnelovani informacia SeagroveT/CaiwereT (ix. aseve me-4.3
Tavi).
SeagroveT saxelmZRvaneloebi da sxva instruqciebi, Tu aseTia.
CaiwereT Sesabamisi monacemebi (mag., telefonis nomeri).
ix. me-4.5 Tavi SefuTvis, gadatanisa da Senaxvis zogadi
instruqciebisTvis.
radgan batareebi drois mokle xans muSaobs, maTi dajdomis
SemTxvevaSi monacemebis dakargva SesaZlebelia. amdenad,
Sesabamisi personalis informireba unda moxdes, rom batareaze
momuSave telefons gadaudebeli yuradReba esaWiroeba.
amoRebis Semdeg, gadaeciT mowyobiloba eqsperts rac SeiZleba
swrafad. jibis kompiuterebisa (PDA-ebis) da mobiluri
telefonebis SemTxvevaSi es gadaudeblad unda moxdes.

gaxsovdeT, rom amoRebis Semdeg mowyobiloba eqsperts

dauyovnebliv unda gadaeces. jibis kompiuterebisa (PDA-ebis)
damobiluri telefonebis SemTxvevaSi es gadaudeblad unda
moxdes.

5.2.2 personaluri cifruli TanaSemweebi (jibis kompiuterebi)

personaluri cifruli TanaSemwe (PDA, an jibis kompiuteri)
mcire zomis xelsawyoa, romelic SeiZleba moicavdes
kompiuteris, telefonis/faqsis, peijeris, qselis da sxva
maxasiaTeblebs. is Cveulebriv gamoiyeneba rogorc personaluri
organaizeri (an eleqtronuli organaizeri). jibis kompiuteri
asrulebs desktop kompiuteruli sistemis yvela funqcias.
zogierTi personaluri cifruli TanaSemwe (PDA, an jibis
kompiuteri) Seicavs disk draivebs, da zogi personaluri
kompiuteris baraTis nawils, romelmac SeiZleba daimagros
modemi, hard draivi, an sxva mowyobiloba. Cveulebriv isini
moicaven meqanizms, romlis meSveobiT xdeba maTi monacemebis
sinqronizeba sxva kompiuterul sistemebTan, yvelaze ufro
xSirad sawyis wertilSi dakavSirebiT. Tu es sawyisi
makavSirebeli warmodgenilia, SeecadeT masTan asocirebuli
jibis aRWurvilobis dadgena [5]. personaluri cifruli
TanaSemwe (PDA, an jibis kompiuteri) Tavad SeiZleba potenciur
mtkicebulebas warmoadgendes (rogorc monacemTa Senaxvis
saSualeba) an igi SeiZleba Seicavdes potenciur eleqtronul
mtkicebulebebs iseve rogorc kompiuteruli sistema.

personaluri cifruli TanaSemweebi (PDA, an jibis kompiuteri)

moicavs mcire mikrokompiuterebs realuri an virtualuri
miniaturuli klaviaturiT da likviduri kristaluri ekraniT
maxsovrobis CipebTan erTad sadac yvela informacia inaxeba.
samuSao masxovrobis moculoba (anu, RAM) xSirad miTiTebulia
PDA-is saxelSi mag., 2 MB, 16 MB, 32 MB. maxsovroba aqtiuria
batareebis meSveobiT da maTi muSaobis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaSi
PDA-Si daculi yvela informacia SesaZloa, daikargos. xSirad
ori wyeba batarea gamoiyeneba:
ZiriTadi wyeba, romelic Seqmnilia imisTvis, rom ekrani da
klaviSebi amuSavos, rodesac PDA CarTulia da
sarezervo batarea, romelic informacias inarCunebs
maxsovrobaSi, Tu da rodesac ZiriTadi batarea wyvets muSaobas.
zog PDA-s erTi wyeba dasateni batarea aqvs, romelic rogorc
wesi datenilia kompiuteris sawyis energiis wyarosTan
mierTebiT. es batarea Zalian swrafad icleba (ramdenime dReSi)
Tu misi datenva ar xdeba. am tipis PDA-s mtkicebulebad
Sesanaxad specialuri RonisZiebebis gamoyeneba unda moxdes [1].

PDA-ebis umetesoba iyenebs Semdeg saoperacio sistemebs: Palm OS,

the Psion EPOC, an Windows CE saoperacio sistemebs. Windows CE
saoperacio sistemis gamoyeneba PDA-s Windows -ze dafuZnebuli
personaluri kompiuterebis srulad Sesatyvisad aqcevs [1].

PDA-ebis mtkicebulebad amoRebisas Semdegi unda

gaiTvaliswinoT [2]:
Segroveba;
Tu kompiuteruli qseli iqneba aRmoCenili (ix. me-5.1.3 Tavi),
daukavSirdiT kompiuteris eqspertizis eqsperts Tqven
samsaxurSi an gare eqsperts, romelic Tqveni uwyebis mier
dasaxmareblad aris identificirebuli.
gaxsovdeT, rom zogi PDA SesaZloa, ukabelo kavSiriT iyos
dakavSirebuli (mag., bluTusi, infraredi).
gaxsovdeT, rom Tu aris romelime qselTan kavSiri, PDA-ze
wvdoma da masze arsebuli informaciis manipulireba amoRebis
dros SesaZlebelia (mag., maSin rodesac is CarTulia da qselis
kavSiris farglebSia).
Tu CarTul PDA-s naxavT danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze, ar
daaWiroT Rilaks RESET (gadatvirTva) da ar gamoiRoT batarea,
radgan aman PDA-ze Senaxuli monacemebis sruli dakargva
SeiZleba gamoiwvios.
ar CarToT an gaxsnaT PDA amoRebisas.
energiis mimwodeblebi da periferiuli mowyobiloba amoiReT,
mag., mexsierebis gamaZliereblebi an PDA-s personalur
kompiuterTan mierTebis mowyobilobebi (mag., energiis mowodebis
sawyisi, kabeli, damteni).
PDA-ebs Cveulebriv avtomaturi gamorTvis funqcia aqvT, ramac
SesaZloa, Camketi an damSifravi meqanizmi aamoqmedos (maTi
aqtivizireba misi gamorTviTac SeiZleba moxdes).
airideT deSifrvis aqtivizacia, rac SesaZlebelia PDA-s muSa
reJimSi datovebiT (mag., ekranis cariel nawilze dawkapunebiT)
sanam saeqsperto rCeva gaxdeba xelmisawvdomi.
SefuTva, gadatana da Senaxva;
moaTavseT PDA sawyisi energiis wyaros gamosakvlevad.
ix. me-4.5 Tavi SefuTvis, gadatanisa da Senaxvis zogadi
instruqciebisTvis.

jibis wignaki a2 me-8 TavSi PDA-ebis amoRebis kargi praqtikis

monaxazs moicavs.

5.2.3 telefonebi
telefoni xelis mowyobilobaa, romelic an
damoukidbelad, TavisiT arsebobs (rogorc mag., mobiluri
telefonebi),
damokidebulia distanciur sabazo sadgurze (ukabelo), an
pirdapir mierTebulia stacionalur sistemas [5].

mobilur telefons SesaZloa, zogi damatebiTi funqcia hqondes,

rogoricaa, mag., cifruli kamera (mobiluri telefonis kamera).

telefonma SesaZloa, energia miiRos Sida batareidan,

eleqtronuli CamrTvelis meSveobiT, an pirdapir satelefono
sistemidan. ormxrivi komunikacia myardeba erTi aparatidan
meoresTan stacionaluri xazebis, radio gadamcemebis, boWkovani
sistemebi, an maTi kombinaciis gamoyenebiT. mraval telefons
SeuZlia saxelebis, telefonis nomrebisa da damrekavis
maidentificirebeli informaciis damaxsovreba. amasTan erTad,
zogierTi mobiluri telefoni inaxavs saxelebs, misamarTEbs,
Sexvedris Sesaxeb informaciasa da Semomavali zarebis Sesaxeb
informacias, iRebs eleqtronul fostas, peijeris Setyobinebasa
da sxvadasxva Setyobinebas (mag., SMS/MMS), da SeiZleba xmis
Camwerad iyos gamoyenebuli. dabolos, zogierTi mobiluri
telefoni PIN-s, pasvordsa da sxva wvdomis kodebs moiTxovs, da
SeiZleba internetSi samuSaod iyos gamoyenebuli (anu, Seicavdes
internetis wvdomis Sesaxeb informacias) [2,5]. ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi
amoRebis dros gamosayenebeli zogadi instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.4 mikroprocesoriani baraTebi da magnituri lentani baraTebi

mikroprocesoriani baraTi mcire zomis portatuli

mowyobilobaa, romelic mikroprocesors Seicavs (anu, “Cips”,
Sesabamisad, mas zogjer Cipian baraTs uwodeben) romelsac masze
daSifruli fuladi Rirebulebis an auTenTifikaciis
informaciis (pasvordi), cifruli serTifikatis, an sxva
informaciis Senaxva SeuZlia [5]. zogierTi mikroprocesoriani
baraTi faqtiurad mcire zomis kompiuteria, radgan maT aseve
operatiuli sistema aqvT (e.i. mikroprocesoriani baraTis
operatiuli sistema). Sesabamisad, mikroprocesoriani baraTi
SeiZleba Tavad iyos potenciuri mtkicebuleba (rogorc
monacemTa Sesanaxi saSualeba) da/an is SesaZloa, Seicavdes
potenciur eleqtro mtkicebulebas TiTqmis iseve, rogorc
kompiuteruli sistema.

mikroprocesoriani baraTebi SesaZloa, sxvadasxva mizniTa da

operaciisTvis iyos gamoyenebuli, rogoricaa, magaliTad,
dacul adgilebSi/SenobebSi/oTaxebSi fizikurad SesaRwevad,
kompiuterebze an programebze an funqciebze (mag., daSifvris
gasaRebad) wvdomisTvis samarTav markerad,
sabanko manqanebidan Tanxis gamosatanad,
sabanko manqanebiT gadasaxadis gadasaxdelad,
rogorc eleqtronuli safule,
rogorc momxmareblis baraTi/sabanko baraTi,
rogorc socialuri uzrunvelyofis baraTi (rogorc es
avstriaSi 2004 wlidan),
rogorc xelmosaweri baraTi, eleqtronuli xelmoweris
Sesaqmnelad,
eleqtronuli mmarTvelobis momsaxurebisTvis (mag., moqalaqis
baraTi avstriaSi),
rogorc monetiT telefonze sasaubro baraTi, an
rogorc personaluri monacemebis, misamarTebis, SeRwevos
kodebis Semnaxveli saSualeba.

potenciuri mtkicebuleba SesaZloa, iyos zemoT naxseneb

funqciebTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri monacemi, ise rogorc
Tavad baraTi [5].

mikroprocesoriani baraTis zoma ganzrax aris standartizebuli

da is 85.6 x 54 x 0.76 mm-ia (anu, formati ID-1, e.w. “sabanko baraTis
zoma”). mas eleqtro sakontaqto adgili aqvs baraTis zedapirze.
mikroprocesoriani baraTebi xSirad magnitur lentasac Seicaven.
sxva Cipuri baraTebic arsebobs, romlis formati ID-0-a (zoma -
25x15x0.76 mm). es baraTebi, rogorc wesi, mobilur telefonebSi
gamoiyeneba (SIM baraTi). dabolos, USB sul ufro popularuli
xdeba, radgan isini Seicaven rogorc Cips (imave standartebis
gaTvaliswinebiT, rogorc Cipi mikroprocesrian baraTSi) da
Cipis baraTis wamkiTxvelis funqcias.

ukontaqto mikroprocesoriani baraTebi ar Seicaven sakontaqto

zedapirs, Tumca sxvagvarad, rogorc wesi, iseve gamoiyurebian,
rogorc sakredito baraTebi an sakontaqto zedapiris mqone
mikroprocesoriani baraTebi. dabolos, e.w. “super
mikroprocesoriani baraTebi” Seicaven mcire disfleisa da
cifrul klaviaturas, ramac mniSvnelovnad SeiZleba gazardos
gamoyenebis usafrTxoeba.

mikroprocesoriani baraTis monacemebi da funqciebi Cveulebriv

daculia saidumlo personaluri kodiT (mag., piradi
maidentificirebeli nomeri, PIN), mag., baraTi mxolod mas Semdeg
xdeba xelmisawvdomi, rac moxdeba kompiuteris klaviaturaze an
baraTis wamkiTxveli mowyobilobis klaviaturaze (an Tavad
super mikroprocesorian baraTze) am kodis akrefva.

mikroprocesoriani baraTis amoRebisas Semdegis gaTvaliswineba

unda moxdes:
ar gadakecoT is.
ar moaxdinoT gansakuTrebuli temperaturebis gavlenis qveS.
ar SeexoT eleqtronuli sakontaqto adgils.
daicaviT dakawvrisgan, siTxisgan, magnituri gavlenisgan, a.S.
SeecadeT piradi maidentificirebeli nomeri - PIN moipovoT
(eZebeT baraTTan axlos CanawerebSi, kiTxeT sando
momxmareblebs. ar SeecadoT baraTze arsebul monacemebze an mis
funqciebze wvdomis mopovebas, maSinac ki, rodesac viTomda
swori piradi maidentificirebeli nomeri - PIN giTxraT
potenciurma eWvmitanilma. arazusti piradi maidentificirebeli
nomeris - PIN-is Seyvanam SesaZloa, monacemTa aRudgeneli
dakargva/baraTis dablokva gamoiwvios (zog SemTxvevaSi baraTis
ganblokva SesaZlebelia sxva saidumlo personaluri kodiT,
romelsac PUK hqvia, personaluri ganblokvis gasaRebi).
gadaiReT foto/CainiSneT/gaakeTeT asli informaciisa
amobeWdilidan baraTze. man SesaZloa Rirebuli informacia
gaamJRavnos (mag., baraTis mflobelis piradi monacemebi, sabanko
angariSebis nomrebi, sakredito baraTebis kompaniebi, biznes
kontaqtebi, a.S.).
Tu SesaZlebelia/saWiroa, amoiReT mikroprocesoriani baraTis
wamkiTxveli manqanac (ix. aseve me-5.2.1 Tavi).
5.2.5 telefonis mopasuxe aparatebi

telefonis mopasuxe aparati eleqtronuli mowyobilobaa,

romelic telefonis nawilia an telefonsa da stacionalur
kavSirs Soris arsebulia. zogi modeli magnitur lentebs
iyenebs, maSin rodesac sxvebi eleqtronul (cifrul) Camwer
sistemebs iyeneben. telefonis mopasuxe aparati iwers xmovan
Setyobinebebs damrekvelebisgan maSin, rodesac is mxare,
romelsac daurekes, ver pasuxobs an ar pasuxobs satelefono
zars. es Cveulebriv axmovanebs im mxaris Setyobinebas, romelsac
daurekes, manam, sanam Caiwers Setyobinebas [5].

telefonis mopasuxe aparatebs SeuZliaT xmovani Setyobinebebis

da, zog SemTxvevaSi, Setyobinebis datovebis droisa da TariRis
Senaxva. maT aseve SeiZleba moicvan sxva xmovani Canawerebi.
potenciuri mtkicebulebaa [5]
damrekavis maidentificirebeli informacia,
waSlili Setyobinebebi,
bolo darekili nomeri,
memo,
telefonis nomrebi da saxelebi, da
firebi.

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.6 cifruli kamerebi

cifruli kamera gamosaxulebisa da videos Camweri cifruli
mowyobilobaa, romelsac Sida mexsiereba, dakavSirebuli
Sesanaxi saSualeba da konversiis SemZle hardveari aqvs,
romelsac SeuZlia gamosaxulebisa da videos gadatana
kompiuterebSi. cifruli kamerebi afiqsireben gamosaxulebasa
da/an videos cifrul formatSi rac advilad gardaiqmneba
kompiuteruli Senaxvis saSualebaSi sanaxavad da/an
redaqtirebisTvis [5]. zogierTi mobiluri telefoni cifruli
kamerac aris aseve (mag., mobiluri telefoni kameriT).
potenciuri mtkicebulebaa [5]
Tavad kamera,
gamosaxulebebi,
gancalkevebadi kartrijebi,
xma,
droisa da TariRis aRmniSnveli Canaweri, da
video.

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.
5.2.7 faqsis manqanebi
faqsis manqana aris mowyobiloba, romelic axdens
gamosaxulebisa da teqstis skanirebas da gzavnis maT
satelefono xazebiT. es funqcia kompiuterebSic aris (mag.,
faqsi/modemi personaluri kompiuteris baraTebi). faqsis
manqanebi SesaZloa Semdeg mtkicebulebebs moicavdes [2,5]:
firis kartriji,
winaswar daprogramebuli telefonis nomrebi (e.i. mokle rekvis
siebi),
gadacemuli da miRebuli dokumentebis istoria,
mraval gverdiani gasuli, Senaxuli an mogvianebiT gagzavnili an
Semosuli Sesanaxi da mogvianebiT amosabeWdi faqsis
daskanerebis SemZle mexsiereba,
faqsis gadacemi oqmi (e.i. gagzavna/miRebis sia),
faqsis mflobelis saxeli da
saaTis regulireba.
ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis
instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.8 printerebi
printerebma SesaZloa, Seinaxon gamoyenebis sia, droisa da
TariRis amsaxveli informacia, da, Tu qselSia CarTuli, maT
SeiZleba qselis maidentificirebeli informacia Seinaxon.
amasTan erTad, unikaluri maxasiaTeblebiT, SesaZloa, printeris
amocnoba moxdes. potenciuri mtkicebuleba moicavs [5]

dokumentebs,
hard draivs,
melnis kartrijebs,
qselis maidentificirebel informacias,
rolerze dadebul informacias,
droisa da TariRis maCvenebels, da
momxmareblis mier misi moxmarebis istorias.

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.9 skanerebi
skanerebi cifruli mowyobilobebia, romlebiTac teqstisa da
gamosaxulebis daskanereba da maTi cifrul formatSi Senaxva
xdeba. Tavad mowyobiloba SeiZleba, mtkicebuleba iyos.
daskanerebis SesaZleblobis qona SesaZloa, ukanono qmedebis
damtkicebaSi dagvexmaros (mag., bavSvTa pornografia, Cekebis
gayalbeba, fulis gayalbeba, piradobis damadasturebeli
dokumentebis gayalbeba). amasTan, wunma, rogoricaa kvali minaze,
SesaZloa dokumentebis dasamuSaveblad gamoyenebuli skaneri
unikalur maidentificireblad aqcios [5].
ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis
instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.10 aslis gadamRebebi (aslis gadamRebi manqanebi)

zogierTi aslis gadamRebi manqana inarCunebs momxmareblis mier
maTi gamoyenebis Sesaxeb informacias da masze gakeTebuli
aslebis istorias. aslis gadamRebi manqanebi, romlebsac aqvT
erTxel daskanerebis/mravali dabeWdvis funqcia, dokumentebis
mexsierebaSi erTjeradad skanirebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, rom
moxdes maTi mogvianebiT beWdva. potenciuri mtkicebuleba
moicavs dokumentebs, droisa da TariRis amsaxvel informacias,
da gamoyenebis istorias [5]. ix. aseve skanerebi me-5.2.9 TavSi.

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.11 mravalfunqciuri manqanebi

me-5.2.7-dan me-5.2.10 TavebSi aRwerili mowyobilobebi SesaZloa,
erT mowyobilobaSi gaerTiandnen (mag., aslis gadamRebi manqana,
skaneri da faqsis manqana). aseve, sxvadasxva fizikurad cal-
calke myofi mowyobiloba SesaZloa, logikurad
funqcionirebdes, rogorc erTi mravalfunqciuri manqana, Tu
isini erTmaneTTan qselis meSveobiT arian dakavSirebulni.

5.2.12 peijerebi
peijeri aris mowyobiloba, romelic eleqtronuli
Setyobinebebis, cifruli (mag., telefonis nomrebi) da aso-
cifruli Setyobinebebis (teqsti, xSirad eleqtronuli fostis
CaTvliT) gasagzavnad da misaRebad SeiZleba, iyos gamoyenebuli
[5].

mobiluri kompiuteruli mowyobilobebic SeiZleba gamoyenebuli

iyos, rogorc peijerebi (ix. me-5.2.2 Tavi).

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.13 GPS mowyobilobebi da sxva sateliturad mowyobili

aRWurviloba

globalurad ganwyobili sistemebis (GPS) mowyobilobebi wina

mgzavrobis Sesaxeb informaciis matarebelni arian daniSnulebis
adgilis, gzis monakveTebisa da marSrutebis Sesaxeb informaciis
mowodebiT. zogierTi maTgan wina daniSnulebis adgilis Sesaxeb
informacias avtomaturad inaxavs da moicavs mgzavrobis Sesaxeb
istorias. potenciuri mtkicebulebaa [5]:
sacxovrebeli adgili,
wina daniSnulebis adgilebi,
mgzavrobis istoria,
gzebis Sesaxeb informacia,
sagzao monakveTis aRmniSvneli koordinatebi da
sagzao monakveTis saxeli.

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

argosi kidev erTi magaliTia sateliturad ganlagebuli

mowyobilobebisa (ix. terminTa ganmarteba me-7 TavSi).

5.2.14 eleqtronuli saaTebi

eleqtronuli saaTebis ramdenime saxeoba arsebobs, romlebsac
peijerebis funqciis Sesruleba SeuZlia, eleqtronuli
Setyobinebis SenaxviT. maT damatebiTi informaciis, rogoricaa
misamarTis wignebi, Sexvedrebis daniSvnis kalendari,
eleqtronuli fosta da Canawerebi, Senaxvac SeuZliaT. zogerT
maTgans kompiuterebTan informaciis sinqronizebis funqciac
aqvT aseve [5]. potenciuri mtkicebuleba moicavs
misamarTebis wigns,
Sexvedrebis calendars,
eleqtronul fostas,
Canawerebs da
telefonis nomrebs.

cifruli saaTebi aseve SeiZleba, Seicavdnen monacemTa Semnaxvel

mowyobilobas, rogoricaa USB, an kamerac ki.

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

5.2.15 magnituri lentis mkiTxvelebi

magnituri lentis mkiTxvelebi (mag., sakredito baraTis
sqimerebi) gamoiyeneba plastikuri baraTis magnitur lentaze
arsebuli informaciis wasakiTxad. potenciuri mtkicebuleba
magnituri lentis nakvalevze arsebuli baraTis mflobelis
informaciaa, romelic moicavs [5]
mag., baraTis moqmedebis vadasa da sakredito baraTis nomrebs da
usafrTxoebis informacias.

ix. me-5.2.1 Tavi zogadad gamosayenebeli amoRebis

instruqciebisTvis.

6. bibliografia

[1] policiis xelmZRvanel oficerTa asociacia (didi britaneTi),

“kargi praqtikis saxelmZRvanelo kompiuterze dafuZnebuli
mtkicebulebisTvis” versia 2.0: 1999 wlis ivnisi, versia 3.0: 2003
wlis agvisto.
[2] Sinagan saqmeTa federaluri saministro (avstria),
“eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebisa da Sefasebis
saxelmZRvanelo” (germanul enaze), versia 1.0, 2001 wlis noemberi.

[3] policiis TanamSromlobis samuSao jgufi (evropis kavSiris

sabWo), “sainformacio teqnologia da Cxrekisa da amoRebis kargi
praqtika”, 2001.

[4] kompiuteruli mtkicebulebis saerTaSoriso organizacia,

“pirveli reagirebis momxdenTa kargi praqtikis saxelmZRvanelos
magaliTi,” Proc. OCE 2000 konferencia, rosin su bua, safrangeTi,
2000 wlis dekemberi.

[5] aSS iusticiis departamenti, samarTlis programebis

samsaxuri, iusticiis erovnuli instituti, teqnikuri samuSao
jgufi eleqtronuli danaSaulis Cadenis adgilis
gamoZiebisTvis, “gamoZieba eleqtronuli danaSaulis Cadenis
adgilze: saxelmZRvanelo pirveladi reagirebis momxdenTaTvis,”
2001 wlis ivlisi, http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/nij/187736.pdf.

[6] evropis sabWo, “kompiuteruli danaSaulis Sesaxeb konvencia”,

evropuli xelSekrulebebis seria # 185, 2001 wlis noemberi,
http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/EN/WhatYouWant.asp?NT=185&CM=8&DF=11/0
7/03.

[7] sajaro momsaxurebisa da sportis federaluri saministro

(avstria). “IT-Sicherheitshandbuch für die öffentliche Verwaltung, Teil 2: IT-
Sicherheitsmaßnahmen,” (germanul enaze), versia 2.0, 2001 wlis
seqtemberi, http://www.a-sit.at/beratung/sicherheitshdb/a_sihdb_t_2.pdf.

[8] Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (germania)

“sainformacio teqnologiebis sabaziso dacvis saxelmZRvanelo,”
http://www.bsi.bund.de/gshb/english/menue.htm.

[9] interpoli, “internet danaSaulTan brZola”, internet video

masala, 2002.

[10] maRali teqnologiebiT Cadenili danaSaulis winaaRmdeg

brZolis swavlebis erovnuli centri (didi britaneTi),
“staJiorTa momzadeba: maRali teqnologiebiT Cadenili
danaSaulis mimoxilva”, versia 1.1 (slaidebi), 2002.

[11] gzamkvlevi teqnikuri samiznis qselSi,

http://searchtechtarget.techtarget.com.

[12] evropoli, “evropis samarTaldamcav organoebSi policiis

mier gamoyenebuli teqnikisa da praqtikis saxelmZRvanelo”, 2003.
7. terminTa ganmarteba
telefonis eleqtronuli mowyobiloba, romelic telefonis
mopasuxe nawilia, an telefonsa da stacionalur xazs
aparati Soris aris mimagrebuli [5].

telefonis mopasuxe aparati

(http://discallowphonerates.bizland.com)

argosi satelitze dafuZnebuli mdebareoba da

monacemTa mogroveba (http://www.cls.fr/).
argosi gamogonebuli iyo 1978 wels da
axla 300-ze meti organizacia iyenebs 40
qveyanaSi.

argosis mimRebi
arqivi arqivi kompiuteruli failebis
erTobliobaa, romelTa mogroveba moxda
monacemTa sarezervod Sesanaxad, sxva
adgilze gadasatanad, kompiuteridan
moSorebiT Sesanaxad, rom moxdes hard
diskze meti adgilis gamoTavisufleba, an
sxva miznis misaRwevad. personalur
kompiuterze, romelzec Windows
operatiuli sistema muSaobs, WinZip
popularuli programaa, rac saSualebas
iZleva, Seiqmnas arqivi an moxdes misi
failebis migan gamocalkeveba (arqivis
failis saxelis bolosarTia ".zip"). WinZip
aseve apataravebs daarqivebul failebs
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
sabanko manqana (ATM) sabanko manqana (avtomaturad mTvleli
manqana). manqana naRdi fulis gamosatanad
gamoiyeneba.
 ATM (http://www.maxim-
ic.com)
sarezervo informacia yvelanairi informaciis asli, romelic
inaxeba kompiuterSi im SemTxvevisTvis, Tu
pirvelad versias rame daemarTeba [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
biometriuli skaneri kompiuterul sistemaze mierTebuli
mowyobiloba, romelic piris fizikur
maxasiaTeblebs amoicnobs (mag., TiTis
anabeWdebi, xma, badura) [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.

TiTis anabeWdebis
skaneri
(http://www.eyenetwatch.com)
BIOS ZiriTadi Senatanisa da Sedegis sistema.
rutinebis erToblioba, Senaxuli mxolod
wasakiTxad xelmisawvdom mexsierebaSi, rac
kompiuters SesaZleblobas aZlevs,
sistemis operireba daiwyos da moaxdinos
dakavSireba sxvadasxva mowyobilobasTan,
rogorebicaa diskis draivebi, klaviatura,
monitori, printeri da komunikaciis
portebi [Error!
Error! Reference source not
found.].
ound.
bluTusi telekomunikaciebis industriis
maxasiaTebeli, romelic aRwers, rogor
SeuZliaT advilad dakavSireba mobilur
telefonebs, kompiuterebs da PDA
erTmaneTTan da saxlisa da samsaxuris
telefonebsa da kompiuterebTan, mcire
ukabelo qselis gamoyenebiT. bluTusi
dabal xarjiani radiogadamcemi Cipis
arsebobas saWiroebs yvela mowyobilobaSi
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
 bluTusi (http://www.bsi.de)

bluTusis USB damcavi

damaxSobeli (http://mightygps.com)
baraTis wamkiTxveli ix.: mikroprocesoriani baraTis
wamkiTxveli an personaluri kompiuteris
baraTis wamkiTxveli.
CD-ROM kompaqt diski - mxolod wakiTxvis
CD-R mexsiereba (CD-ROM): diski, romlidanac
monacemis wakiTxvaa SesaZlebeli.
CD-RW
kompaqt diski - Camweri (CD-R): diski,
romelzec monacemebis Cawera SeiZleba,
magram waSla - ara [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
kompaqt-diski- gadawervadi (CD-RW): diski,
romelze monacemis Cawera da waSla
SesaZlebelia [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.].
found.

CDROM
(http://www.discoverengineering.org)
samontaJo plata Txeli dafa masze dayenebuli CipebiT,
mowyobilobebiT da sxva eleqtronuli
komponentebiT [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.]
found. (aseve uwodeben sabeWd
samontaJo platas).
 samontaJo plata (http://www.asl-systems.com)
CMOS damatebiTi (komplementaruli) metal-
oqsidis tranzistori. tranzistoris
teqnologiaa, rac dRevandeli
kompiuterebis umravlesobis mikroCipebSia
gamoyenebuli. is tipiurad BIOS-is
kompiuterul upiratesobas flobs
energiis gamorTvisas, batareis daxmarebiT
(adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.]-dan).
found.
kompiuterze ix. eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba.
dafuZnebuli
mtkicebuleba
kompiuteris kabeli kompiuteruli sistemis komponentebis
kompiuteris mTavar nawilTan dasakavSireblad
damakavSirebeli gamoiyeneba. mas SesaZloa, sxvadasxva feri,
sisqe da forma, da gansxvavebuli
makavSireblebi hqondes, gamomdinare
iqidan, Tu ra komponentebze arian isini
mierTebulni.

PS2 kabeli
(http://lanstore.com.au)

SCSI kabeli
(http://www.iworldconnection.com)

paraleluri portebis
 kabeli (http://fog.ccsf.org)

seriuli portis kabeli

(http://www.rozakk.freeserve.co.uk)

USB kabeli
(http://www.cablesnmor.com)

audio video kabeli

(http://www.ramelectronics.net)
ukontaqto Smart cards without contact plate that otherwise look
mikroprocesoriani the same as the smart cards with contacts.
baraTi

Contactless smart card

(http://www.fta.dot.gov)
aslis gadamRebi ix. fotokopirebis mowyobiloba
manqana
centraluri centraluri procesori. kompiuteris
procesori (CPU) gamomTvleli da kontrolis erTeuli. igi
kompiuteris SigniT aris ganTavsebuli da
kompiuterSi yvela ariTmetikuli,
logikuri da kontrolis funqciis
ganmxorcielebel “tvins” warmoadgens
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
 CPU
(http://www.kosscomputers.com)
energiis sawyisi - jibis - personaluri cifruli TanaSemwis
sawyisi wertili - monacemebis sinqronizeba sxva
kompiuterul sistemebSi.

personaluri cifruli
TanaSemwis energiis sawyisi - sawyisi
wertili (http://computingreview.bizrate.com)

sakredito baraTis sakredito baraTis wamkiTxvelebi magnitis

skimeri lentiT. ix.: magnituri lentis
wamkiTxveli.
kriptografia informaciis daSifvris mecniereba, misi
saidumloebis dasacavad, misi
SeubRalvelobis dasacavad da/an
usafrTxoebis sxva RonisZiebebis
uzrunvelsayofad.
diqtofoni xelis eleqtronuli mikrofoniani
mowyobiloba, xmovani Setyobinebebis
Senaxvis SesaZleblobiT.

diqtofoni (http://www.medword.com)
cifruli kamera cifrul formatSi fotografebisa da
videos Semnaxveli kamera. veb kamerebi (ix.
naxati qvemoT) zrdadi popularobiT
sargebloben da SeiZleba, video
konferenciebisTvis moxdes maTi
gamoyeneba.
 veb kamera (http://fotoapparat-
verkauf.de)
cifruli serTifikati cifruli identificireba. unikaluri
cifruli ID personaluri maidentificirebeli
monacemebia cifrul formatSi (ix. aseve
sajaro wvdomis serTifikati - public key
certificate).
cifruli xelmowera cifruli Rirebuleba, rac mis mimRebs
saSualebas aZlevs, Seamowmos gamomgzavnis
pirovneba da darwmundes, rom gzavnili
gzaSi ar Secvlila [Error! Reference source
not found.].
cifruli saaTi qronometruli mowyobiloba, romelsac
peijeris funqciiT muSaobac SeuZlia,
eleqtronuli gzavnilebisa da damatebiTi
informaciis Senaxvis, rogoricaa
misamarTebis cnobarebi, Sexvedrebis
kalendrebi, eleqtronuli fosta da
SeniSvnebi, CaTvliT. zogierT maTgans
aseve aqvT kompiuterTan informaciis
sinqronizaciis SesaZlebloba [Error!
Error!
Reference
Reference source not found.].
found.

cifruli saaTi
(http://www.shopthedotcoms.com)
diskis danawevreba personalur kompiuterebSi, danawevreba
Seqmnili harddiskis logikuri gayofaa
imisTvis, rom sxvadasxva operaciuli
sistemebis erTi da imave harddiskze
gamoyeneba moxdes an moxdes calke myari
diskis Seqmnis imitacia failebis
samarTavad, mravali mmxmareblis mier
gamosayeneblad, an sxva miznebisTvis.
diskis danawevreba xdeba maSin, rodesac
xdeba myari diskis daformateba.
Cveulebriv, erT nawiliani myari diski
cnobilia "C:" diskis saxeliT. diskebi ("A:"
and "B:"Cveulebriv disketis
 draiverebisTvis aris gankuTvnili da
bolo xelmisawvdomi asoTi aRiniSneba CD-
ROM-ebis draivebi [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
domeinis saxelis domeinis saxelis momsaxureba. internetis
momsaxureba (DNS) momsaxureba, romelic standartizebuli
protokolebis wyebas efuZneba, romelTa
meSveobiT IP misamarTebisTvis maspinZlis
saxelis miniWeba xdeba da piriqiT. (“TeTri
gverdebi”). magaliTad, Tu ikiTxavT
serveris domeinis IP misamarTisTvis
192.67.198.7 maspinZlis saxels, pasuxad unda
miiRoT “www.europol.org”.
sabazo bloki mowyobiloba, romelzec portatuli
kompiuteri (mag., laptopi, nouTbuqi)
SeiZleba miemagros desktop kompiuteris
msgavsad gamosayeneblad, romelsac
Cveulebriv makavSirebeli aqvs gareSed
dasakavSirebeli mowyobilobebisTvis,
rogorebicaa myari diskebi, skanerebi,
klaviatura, monitorebi da printerebi [5].

sabazo bloki

(http://www.territorialsupplies.com)
damcavi damaxSobeli mcire zomis gareSe hardvearis
mowyobiloba, romlis mierTeba xdeba
kompiuteris portze, romelic Cveulebriv
moicavs im informaciis msgavsi tipis
informacias, rac mikroprocesorian
baraTzea (adaptirebulia: [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.]).
found.

damcavi damaxSobeli
(http://www.bluetooth-laden.de)
draivis dublikatori sxvadasxva moncemTa Senxvis saSualebebis,
mag., myari diskebis an kompaqt diskebis,
swrafad kopirebis (dublirebis)
 mowyobiloba.

draivis dublikatori
(http://www.ce-s.com)
cifruli xelmoweris cifruli xelmoweris xazi. protokolebis
xazi (DSL) erToblioba, romelnic gamiznulia
monacemTa maRal siCqareze gacvla
arsebuli satelefono xazebis meSveobiT
saboloo momxmarebelsa da satelefonono
kompanebs Soris [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
universaluri universaluri cifruli diski.
cifruli diski (DVD) kompiuteruli diskis msgavsia, magram
monacemTa ufro meti raodenobis Senaxva
SeuZlia [Error!
Error! Reference source not
found.].
found.
Eel-mtkicebuleba ix. eleqtronuli mtkicebuleba
eleqtronuli fosta kompiuterSi Senaxuli Setyobinebebis
cvla telekomunikaciis meSveobiT [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
eleqtrnuli fostis eleqtronuli Setyobinebebi ori
Setyobinebis tipiuri nawilisgan Sedgeba: werilis ZiriTadi
dasawyisi (header) nawili da eleqtronuli Setyobinebis
tipiuri dasawyisi (header). fostis tipiur
dasawyisSi (header)-Si mocemuli informacia
Setyobinebis mimRebs aZlevs imis
saSualebas, rom daadginos informacia
gagzavnis drosTan, TariRTan,
gamomgzavnTan da saganTan dakavSirebiT.
yvela eleqtronul Setyobinebas aseve aqvs
ganvrcobili eleqtrnuli fostis
Setyobinebis tipiuri dasawyisi (header) - es
aris informacia, romelic eleqtronuli
fostis programebisa da gadamcemi
mowyobilobebis mier aris damatebuli -
romelic ufro met informacias aCvenebs
gamgzavnis Sesaxeb, rom moxdes
Setyobinebis zogadi monacemebis mixedviT
internetSi mierTebuli konkretuli
kompiuteris identificireba
(adaptirebulia: [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.]).
found.
 magaliTi:
From(gamgzavni): [email protected] (R.T. Hood)
To(mimRebi): [email protected]
Date(TariRi): Tue, Mar 18 1997 14:36:14 PST
X-Mailer: Loris v2.32
Subject(sagani): Lunch today?
eleqtronuli gamoZiebisTvis Rirebulebis mqone
mtkicebuleba informacia da monacemebi, romelic inaxeba
an gadaicema eleqtronul mowyobilobaSi,
an cifruli Senaxvis saSualebiT [Error! Error!
Reference source not found. found.],
nd. zogjer
mas cifrul, an kompiuterze dafuZnebul,
mtkicebulebas uwodeben.
eleqtronuli ix.: cifruli xelmowera.
xelmowera

daSifvra monacemTa gadaadgilebisa da daSifvris

meTodi. misi gamoyeneba xdeba martivi
teqstis daSifrul teqstad
gardaqmnisTvis (maTematikuri parametris
gamoyenebiT, romelsac kriptografuli
gasaRebi ewodeba) imisTvis, rom garda im
pirisa, romlisTvisac momzadda teqsti,
aravis mieces SesaZlebloba, waikiTxon
[Error!
Error! Reference source not
found.,Error!
found. Error! Reference source not
found.].
found.
qseli Ethernet farTod gamoyenebadi LAN teqnologia.
(adgilobrivi specifikacia mowodebulia standartSi
qselebis organizebis IEEE 802.3, is Xerox-is mier SemuSavda da
standarti) moxda misi Semdgomi ganviTareba Xerox,
DEC, and Intelis mier. Ethernet LAN tipiurad
iyenebs koaqsialur kabels an mavrTulebis
erTmaneTze gadajaWvuli specialur
wyarosTan misaerTebels [Error! Error!
Reference source not found.].
found. Ethernet
misamarTi SesaZloa, iyos, mag., ,
08:00:20:03:72:DC.

koaqsiluri kabeli
 (http://www.coolspringsdesigns.com)
gamfarTovebeli amobeWdili samontaJo plata SeiZleba
plata miuerTdes kompiuters iseTi
SesaZleblobebis dasamateblad,
rogoricaa LAN an video [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
faqsis manqana gamosaxulebisa da teqstis maskanirebeli
mowyobiloba, romelic maT telefonis
xaziT gzavnis [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.].
found.

faqsis manqana
(http://www.theswensongroup.com)
failebis sistema meTodi, romlis mixedviT failebs saxeli
mieniWeba da xdeba kompiuterSi Sesanaxad
da xelaxla gamosayeneblad maTi
logikuri ganTavseba. DOS-ze, Windows-ze,
OS/2-ze, Macintosh-ze, da UNIX-ze dafuZnebul
yvela operatiul sistemas aqvs failis
sistemebi, sadac failebi ganlagebulia
sadne ierarqiuli (xis) struqturiT.
faili ganTavsebulia direqtoriaSi
(saqaRalde - folder in Windows-Si) an
qvedireqtoriaSi sasurvel adgilze xis
struqturaSi [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.].
found.
brandmaueri (Firewall) dakavSirebuli programebis erToblioba,
qselTaSorisi dacvis romlebic ganTavsebulia qselis geiTvei
aparatul-programuli serverze (e.i. qselis wertilSi, romelic
saSualeba moqmedebs meore qselTan dakavSirebis
punqtad), romelic icavs kerZo qselis
resursebs sxva qselebis momxmarebelTagan
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
pirveli reagirebis pirveli reagirebis momxdeni
momxdeni samarTaldamcveli oficeri da/an sxva
sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis dacvaze
pasuxismgebeli piri, romelic danaSaulis
Cadenis adgilze cxaddeba [Error!
Error!
Reference
Reference source not found.].
found.
fleS-maxsovrobis ix.: maxsovrobis baraTi. fleS-masxovroba
baraTi (zogjer "flash RAM"-s uwodeben), mudmivad
energiiT uzrunvelyofili xangrZlivi
maxsovrobaa, romlis waSla da
gadaprogramireba SesaZlebelia.
flopi diski flopi diski, romelze magniturad aris
disketa informacia damagrebuli. ori ZiriTadi
tipis gvxvdeba: 3 ½ inCiani da 5-¼ inCiani.
orive oTxkuTxedi da brtyelia [Error!Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.

flopi diski
(http://www.soapplab.auckland.ac.nz)
failis gadacemis failis gadacemis protokoli,
protokoli (FTP) standartuli internet protokoli,
umartivesi gzaa failebis gasacvlelad
kompiuterebs Soris internetiT [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
saTamaSo (Gameboy) xelis saTamaSo eleqtro mowyobiloba
(kartrijebiT).

saTamaSo (Gameboy)
(http://anduril.ca)
saTamaSo kubi saTamaSo konsoli.
(Gamecube)

saTamaSo konsoli
(http://www.gamenationtv.com)
GPS (globaluri GPS (globaluri pozicionirebis sistema)
pozicionirebis aris 24 kargad ganlagebuli satelitis
sistema) mowyobiloba “Tanavarskvlavedi”, romlebic dedamiwis
orbitaze moZraoben dedamiwaze Sesabamisi
mimRebis mqone adamianebs maTi
geografiuli mdebareobis garkvevis
SesaZleblobas aZleven. mdebareobis
sizuste daaxloebiT 100-dan 10 metramde
meryeobs aRWurvilobis umetesobisTvis
 [Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
GPS mowyobilobebs SeuZliaT wina
mgzavrobis Sesaxeb informaciis mowodeba
daniSnuelbis adgilis Sesaxeb
informaciis meSveobiT, sagzao
niSnulebisa da marSrutebis CvenebiT
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.

GPS mowyobiloba
(http://adventuregps.com)
habi SeerTebis adgili qselSi, sadac
monacemebis miReba xdeba erTi an meti
mimarTulebidan da maTi gadamisamarTeba
xdeba erTi an meti sxva mimarTulebiT. is
Cveulebriv muSaobs rogorc
mravalportiani ganmmeorebeli erTi
moqmedebidan ramdenime identuri Sedegis
misaRebad (qmedeba=Sedegi). habi SesaZloa,
moicavdes garkveuli tipis CamrTvels
(adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.]).
found.

habi (http://www.bownie.com)
gamosaxulebis asaxva eleqtronuli aRWurvilobis mexsierebis
Sinaarsis zusti aslis Seqmna (aseve
ewodeba gamosaxulebis areklva, Tumca am
terminis gamoyeneba veb gverdebis
dublirebis drosac xdeba).
internet Setyobinebis internet Setyobinebis wvdomis
wvdomis protokoli (IMAP) protokoli. internetis momsaxureba,
romelic dafuZnebulia meilis
serveridan (mag., IMAP serveri)
eleqtronuli fostis Setyobinebebis
gamoTxovis an miRebis standartizebul
protokolze.
infraredi infraredis ukabelo teqnologia
gamoiyeneba xanmokle da saSualo
xangrZlivobis komunikaciisTvis da
akontrolebs sxvadasxva saSualebas (mag.,
ukabelo aqdgilobriv qselebi, kavSiri
nouTbuqebsa da desktop kompiuterebs
 Soris, ukabelo modemebi, damcavis
signalizaciis mowyobiloba). infraredi
eleqtromagnituri radiaciis speqtris
raionSi arsebul energias iyenebs,
romelic xiluli sinaTlis talRebze
grZeli magram radio talREbze moklea.
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.

infraredi
(http://www.jacobi.de)

infraredis USB
(http://www.jacobi.de)
internet protokoli (IP) internet protokoli. internet sainJinro
samuSao jgufis mier standartizebuli
protokoli, romelic gamoiyeneba
internetsamuSaos kavSirisTvis. internet
protokolis misamarTi SesaZloa, iyos,
magaliTad, 192.67.198.7.
internet makavSireblebli internet makavSireblebi. qseluri
(IRC) momsaxureba, romelic virtualuri
Sexvedris adgils uzrunvelyofs, sadac
adamianebs sxvadasxva sakiTxis ganxilva
SeuZliaT. monawileebs SeuZliaT jgufSi
diskusiebSi monawiloebis miReba mravali
aTasidan erT internet makavSireblis
xazze, an isaubron kerZod
(adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.
found.]-dan).
integrirebuli servisebis integrirebuli servisebis eleqtronuli
eleqtronuli qseli (ISDN) qseli. maRali siCqaris cifruli
satelefono xazi maRali siCqaris
qseluri komunikaciisTvis [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
internet momsaxurebis internet momsaxurebis momwodebeli.
momwodebeli (ISP) organizacia, romelic internetze
wvdomas uzrunvelyofs. zogi internet
momsaxurebis momwodebeli am
 momsaxurebas telefonis xazebis
gamoyenebiT uzrunvelyofs (mag., modemi,
ISDN) an sakabelo xazs iyenebs (mag., DSL),
sxvebi ki SeiZleba kerZo xazebiT
dakavSirebas gTavazobdnen (mag.,
gamoyofili xazi) (adaptirebulia [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.]-dan).
found.
JAZ® mSorebadi myari diskis sistema. JAZ
draivi mcire, portatuli myari diskia,
romelic upirvelesad personaluri
kompiuteris failebis dublirebisTvis da
daarqivebisTvis gamoiyeneba. JAZ draivi
gayidvaSi aqvs Iomega Corporation-s, imave
kompanias, romelmac ZIP draivi Seqmna.
rogorc JAZ draivi, ise diskebii ori
zomisaa 1 GB da 2 GB.

JAZ (http://www.cadinfo.net)
adgilobrivi qseli (LAN) adgilobrivi qseli. IEEE-s (eleqtro da
eleqtronikis inJineriis ) mier
standartizebuli qseluri
teqnologiebis saerTo saxeli.
LAN konfiguracia LAN-is topologiuri sqema, rogoricaa
Ethernet an markeruli wvdomis wriuli
qseli, an MAC misamarTebi, rogoricaa
Ethernet misamarTi(MAC: saSualo wvdomis
kontroli, sakabelo donis nawili OSI-is
Svid donian modelSi).
msubuqi direqtoriis msubuqi direqtoriis wvdomis protokoli.
wvdomis protokoli (LDAP) standartizebuli protokolebis wyeba,
onlain direqtoriebze internetiT
wvdomisTvis (mag., onlain monacemTa baze
specialur formatSi).
magnitur lentiani baraTi plastikuri baraTi magnituri lentiT,
romelsac SeuZlia sxvadasxva mizniT
gamosayenebel monacemTa Senaxva (mag.,
midentificirebeli monacemi, sabanko
angariSis Sesaxeb monacemebi).

magnitur lentiani baraTi

(http://calphotoid.berkeley.edu)
magnitur lentiani baraTi wamkiTxveli monqana magnitur lentiani
baraTebisTvis.

magnitur lentiani baraTi

(http://www.shopping.com)
magnituri lenti magniturad SefuTuli plastikatis
grZeli lenti. maTi Senaxva ZiriTadad
kartrijebSi (video, audio an Camweri
portatuli video kameris lentis msgavsi)
xdeba, Tumca aseve SesaZloa, babinazec
iyos daxveuli (babinaze daxveuli audio
lentis msgavsad). misi gamoyeneba xdeba
kompiuteruli monacemebis Casawerad,
rgorc wesi, kompiuteris informaciis
dublirebisTvis [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.

magnituri lenti
(http://www.sony.net)
universaluri gamomTvleli didi kompiuteris aRsaniSnavi warmoebis
manqana mier gamoyenebuli termini, romelic
Cveulebriv didi kompianiis mier,
rogoricaa IBM, iwarmoeba. komerciuli
gamoyenebisTvis da sxva farTomasStabiani
kompiuteruli procesebisTvis [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.

universaluri
gamomTvleli manqana (http://www.lit.berlin.de)
ZiriTadi korpusi Cveulebriv, personaluri kompiuteris
yvelaze didi zomis nawili, yuTi,
romelic umniSvnelovanes komponentebs
moicavs (zogjer personaluri
kompiuteris koSks uwodeben). mas wina
nawilze draivebi aqvs da klaviaturis,
mausis, printerisa da sxva nawilebis
 SesaerTeblad ukana nawilze aqvs
portebi [Error!
Error! Reference source not
found.].
found.

ZiriTadi korpusi (http://www.color-

case.com)
maxsovrobis baraTi (zogjer fleS maxsovrobis baraTs an
monacemTa Semnaxvel baraTs uwodeben).
monacemTa mcire zomis saSualeba, rmlis
gamoyeneba iseTi monacemebis Sesanaxad
xdeba, rogorc aris teqsti, suraTebi,
audio da video, mcire, portatul an
distanciuri kompiuteruli
mowyobilobebze gamosayeneblad.
ramdenime maxsovorbis baraTia bazarze
mimoqcevaSi, maT Soris SD baraSi
(usafrTxo cifruli), CF baraTi
(CompactFlash by SanDisk), SmartMedia baraTi
(Toshiba-s mier nawarmoebi), Memory Stick
(Sony-is mier nawarmoebi), da MultiMediaCard
(MMC SanDisk da Siemens AG/Infineon
Technologies AG-is mier nawarmoebi).
baraTEbis umravlesobas energiiT
mudmivad uzrunvelyofili, energo
damoukidebeli maxsovroba aqvT (mag., flash
maxsovroba), rac niSnavs, rom monacemebi
baraTze stabilurad inaxeba, energiis
wyaros dakargvis saSiSroeba ar emuqreba,
da perioduli datenva ar sWirdeba
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.]. found.
misi gamoyeneba sxvadsaxva aRWurvilobaSi
xdeba, maT Soris kompiuterebSi, cifrul
kamerebSi da PDA (personalur cifrul
TanaSemwe)-ebSi.

daculi cifruli baraTi

(http://www.southseek.com)
 CompactFlash baraTi
(http://www.digital-camera-reviews.com)

SmartMedia baraTi
(http://www.digitalkamera-shop.de)

Memory Stick
(http://www.cambridgeworld.com)
Setyobinebis avTentizaciis failisTvis miniWebuli maTematikuri
kodi (MAC) Rirebuleba, romelic gamoiyeneba failis
Semdgom etapze “SemowmebisTvis” imisTvis,
rom dadgindes, rom masze arsebuli
monacemebi aramarTlzomierad ar
Secvlila [Error!
Error! Reference source not
found.].
found.
Setyobinebebis dafa eleqtronuli dafa eleqtronuli
SetyobinebebisTvis qseluri wvdomisTvis
aRWurvili kompiuteruli sistemis mier
gamoyenebuli, romelic distancirebuli
momxmareblebisTvis informaciisa da
Setyobinebebis gatarebis centris
funqcias asrulebs, mag., biuletebis
dafa; dafa Cveulebriv emsaxureba
sxvadasxva specialuri interesis mqone
jgufebs. (adaptirebulia [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.]-dan).
found.
kameriani mobiluri mobiluri telefoni, romelic
telefoni aRWurvilia kameriT.

kameriani mobiluri telefoni

(http://www.memorystick.com)
modemi modulator/demodulatori. mowyobiloba,
romelic kompiuterebis mier gamoiyeneba
satelefono xazebiT dasakavSireblad. is
Cveulebriv amocnobadia telefonis
xazTan mierTebiT, Tumca sakabelo
modemebic arsebobs, romlebic DSL
teqnologiaze (mag., sakabelo modemi)
arian dafuZnebulni. misi kombinireba
SesaZlebelia faqsis funqcionirebasTan
personaluri kompiuteris baraTSi
(adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.]-dan).
found.

Sida modemi
(http://www.baber.com)

gare modemi
(http://www.b2net.co.uk)

sakabelo modemi
(http://www.myatari.org)
sistemuri plata ZiriTadi samontaJo plata kompiuterSi,
(Motherboard) romelic kompiuteris ZiriTad sqemebsa
da komponentebs moicavs (adaptirebulia
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.]-
found.
dan).
Tagvi (Mouse) misamagrebeli mowyobiloba, romelic
misi moZraobisas kompiuterze mimarTavs
mimarTulebasa da siCqares, Cveulebriv es
kompiuteris ekranze mimaniSneblis
amoZravebiT xdeba. mas sxvadasxva formis
makavSirebelbi SeiZleba, hqondes,
rogoricaa mag., PS/2, seriuli, USB,
ukabelo/infrarediT dakavSirebuli
(adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference
 source not found.]-dan).
found.

Tagvi (Mouse)
(http://www.hbsoft.de)
MP3 MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3, standartuli
teqnologia da xmovani gadacemis Zalian
mcire failad gardaqmnis formati
(pirveladi failis daaxloebiT 1/12), xmis
pirveladi xarisxis SenarCunebiT [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
qseli informaciisa da resursebis gacvlisTvis
erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli
kompiuterebis jgufi. es SeiZleba iyos
mcire adgilobrivi qseli (adgilobrivi
qseli - Local Area Network) an didi
saerTaSoriso qseli, rogoricaa
interneti (adaptirebulia [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.]-dan).
found.

qseli (http://www.scd.ucar.edu)
qselis kabeli gamoiyeneba kompiuteruli qselis
komponentebis dasakavSireblad. mas
qselis damkavSirebeli
sxvadasxva feri, sisqe da forma SeiZleba
hqondes da im komponentebidan
gamomdianre, razec isini mierTebulni
arian, maT sxvadasxva damakavSireblebi
aqvT [Error!
Error! Reference source not
found.].
found.

RJ45 LAN kabeli

(http://www.bownie.com)
 T-piece
(http://www.legge40.freeserve.co.uk)

RJ11 satelefono kabeli

(http://citt.ccsu.edu)
qselis makavSirebeli uzrunvelyofs qselis kavSirs (kabeliT
(interfeis) baraTi an kabelis gareSe). gamfarToebeli
platas an personaluri kompiuteris
baraTis formiT SeiZleba iyos.

qselis makavSirebeli
(interfeis) baraTi
(http://www.computers-networks-
routers.com)
axali ambebis jgufi konkretuli sakiTxis Sesaxeb diskusia,
(Newsgroup) romelic centralur internet saitze
ganTavsebuli Canawerebisgan Sedgeba,
romelTa gadanawileba Usenet qselis
meSveobiT xdeba. es ukanaskneli axali
ambebis ganxilvis msoflio qselia
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
ara-eleqtronuli eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis
mtkicebuleba gamokvlevisTvis saWiro sagnebi,
romlebic sxva formiT arseboben (mag.,
dawerili pasvordebi da sxva
xelnawerili SeniSvnebi, qaRaldis
bloknotebi, hardveariTa da sofTveariT
sargeblobis saxelmZRvaneloebi,
kalendrebi, literatura, teqsti an
kompiuteridan grafikuli amonabeWdebi
da fotografiebi) [E
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
operatiuli sistema sofTvearis nakrebi, romelic Cveulebriv
kompiuteris mexsierebaSi itvirTeba
 kompiuteris CarTvisas da romelic
nebismieri sxva kompiuterili programis
funqcionirebis winapirobaa [Error! Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
peratiuli sistemis magaliTebia:
personaluri kompiuterebisTvis MSDOS,
Microsoft Windows, Unix, Linux, an Mac OS, an
PDAs Palm OS-sTvis, Psion EPOC, an Windows
CE.
obieqtTa moTxovnebis didi tevadobis moxsnadi (montaJirebadi)
brokeri (ORB) myari diskis sistema. obieqtTa
moTxovnebis brokeri (ORB) diskebi
magnetorezistul magnetoresistive (MR)
wasakiTx/damwer saTavo teqnologias
iyeneben.

obieqtTa moTxovnebis
brokeri ORB (http://www.electronicsparadise.com)
peijeri xelis portatuli eleqtronuli
mowyobiloba, romelSic droebiTi
mtkicebuleba SeiZleba iyos moculi
(telefonis nomrebi, xmovani
Setyobinebebi, eleqtronuli fosta)
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.

peijeri (http://www.poseidon-
tech.co.uk)
paraleluri portis mcire mowyobiloba, paraleluri portis
damcveli damxSobi damcveli damxSobis SemaerTebliT,
romelmac SeiZleba daprogramebadi
mexsiereba uzrunvelyos da sakontrolo
algoriTmebsa an gadaTvlis sqemebs
flobdes.

paraleluri portis
damcveli damxSobi (http://www.keylok.com)
pasvordi alfavitur-cifruli da specialuri
niSnebis kombinacia, gamoyenebuli
kompiuterebsa Tu kompiuterul
programebze wvdomis SemzRudavi
RonisZiebis saxiT. Tu is ramdenime
sityvisgan Semdgar frazas moicavs, mas
Cveulebriv SeRwevis frazad moixsenieben.
Tu is mxolod cifrul niSnebs moicavs
(mag., mowyobilobebis wvdomis kontroli
mxolod mokle PIN (sakomunitacio
panelis) meSveobiT), mas Cveulebriv
personalur maidentificirebel nomers,
anu PIN-s uwodeben.
personaluri kompiuteri personaluri kompiuteri, termini,
(PC) romelic Cveulebriv gamoiyeneba IBM da
masTan SeTavsebadi kompiuterebis
asaRwerad, romlebic Cveulebriv
Sedgebian ZiriTadi korpusisgan,
monitoris, klaviaturisa da Tagvis
(mouse)-sgan. termini aseve aRwers
erTdroulad erTi adamianis mier
gamosayenebel nebismier kompiuters
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.

personaluri kompiuteri
(PC) (http://www.userfriendlybooks.com)

kompiuteri, romelic
akvariumis msgavsad gamoiyureba
(http://www.casemodding.com)

kompiuteri, romelic
Cemodnis msgavsad gamoiyureba
 (http://www.casemodding.com)
personaluri kompiuteris ix.: personaluri kompiuteris
baraTi (PC card) maxsovrobis baraTis saerTaSoriso
asociaciis baraTi (PCMCIA card)
personaluri kompiuteris ix.: personaluri kompiuteris
baraTis wamkiTxveli (PC card maxsovrobis baraTis saerTaSoriso
reader) asociaciis baraTis mkiTxveli (PCMCIA
card reader)
personaluri kompiuteris personaluri kompiuteris maxsovrobis
maxsovrobis baraTis baraTis saerTaSoriso asociacia.
saerTaSoriso asociacia organizaciaSi Sedis 500-mde kompania.
(PCMCIA) organizaciam SeimuSava standarti mcire,
sakredito baraTis zomis
mowyobilobebisTvis, romlebsac
personaluri kompiuterebis baraTebi
hqvia. Tavdapirvelad isini portatul
kompiuterebze mexsierebis dasamateblad
gamoiyeneboda. personaluri kompiuteris
maxsovrobis baraTis saerTaSoriso
asociaciis (PCMCIA) standarti
ramdenimejer gafarTovda da am etapze
maTi mravali tipis mowyobilobisTvis
gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia. ix.: personaluri
kompiuteris baraTi (PC card).
personaluri kompiuteris personaluri kompiuteris maxsovrobis
maxsovrobis baraTis baraTis saerTaSoriso asociaciis
saerTaSoriso asociaciis (PCMCIA) standartebze dafuZnebuli
baraTi (PCMCIA card) baraTi, romlis portatul da xelis
kompiuterebSi Setana xdeba. es baraTi
bevr im funqcias uzrunvelyofs,
romlebic tipiurad ar aris manqanebSi
arsebuli (mag., mexsiereba an
Semavali/gamavali portebi, rogorebicaa
mag., modemebi, adaptorebi, mmyari diskebi).
personaluri kompiuterebis baraTebis
sami tipi arsebobs: samive maTans msgavsi
sworkuTxa forma (85.6 X 54 milimetri) da
erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli sifarTe
aqvT (adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.]-dan).
found. ix.: aseve
maxsovrobis baraTi.

personaluri kompiuteris
maxsovrobis baraTis saerTaSoriso
 asociaciis baraTebi (PCMCIA cards
(http://www.synchrotech.com)
personaluri kompiuteris personaluri kompiuteris baraTebis
maxsovrobis baraTis mowyobilobis wamkiTxveli, sxvadasxva
saerTaSoriso asociaciis interfeisis mqone SeiZleba iyos(USB,
baraTis mkiTxveli (PCMCIA paraleluri porti, a.S.).
card reader)

personaluri kompiuteris
maxsovrobis baraTis saerTaSoriso
asociaciis baraTis mkiTxveli USB-iT
(http://www.synchrotech.com)
personaluri cifruli mcire (e.i., jibis zomis) mowyobiloba,
asistentebi (PDA) romelic SeiZleba moicavdes
gamomTvlel, telefonis/faqsis, peijeris,
qselisa da sxva maxasiaTeblebs [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.

personaluri cifruli
asistentebi (PDAs) (http://www.jst-mfg.com)
Zalian kargi Zalian kargi konfidencialuroba.
konfidencialuroba (PGP) Tavisufali programuli saSualebebis
kriptografiuli sofTveari (ix, mag.,
www.pgpI.org), romelic filip r.
cimermanis mier 1991 wels Seiqmna. is
SesaZloa, gamoyenebuli iyos
eleqtronuli fostis Setyobinobebis
dasaSifvrad an xelmosawerad an
kompiuteruli failebis dasaSifvrad.
arsebobs misi dabalfasiani komerciuli
aslic.
fotoaslebis gadamRebi teqstisa da gamosaxulebis fotoaslis
gadamRebi mowyobiloba. zogierTi
gadamRebi manqana momxmareblis mier
manqanis gamoyenebisa da aslebis
gadaRebis istorias imaxsovrebs. erTxel
skanirebis Sedegad mravali aslis
gadaRebis SesaZleblobis mqone manqanebi
jer dokumentebis mexsierebaSi skanirebas
axdenen da SeuZliaT mogvianebiT beWdva
 [Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.

fotoaslis gadamRebi
(http://www.avonlibrary.com)
saTamaSo manqana kompiuteri eleqtronuli TamaSebis
saTamaSod (maxsovrobis baraTiT).

saTamaSo manqana (http://joystick-

verkauf.de)
safosto ofisis safosto ofisis protokoli.
protokoli (POP) standartizebul protokolze
dafuZnebuli internet momsaxureba
POP3
eleqtronuli fostis Setyobinebeb (mag.,
POP serveri).
porti am termins ori mniSvneloba SeiZleba
hqondes:
mowyobilobis SemaerTebeli (mag.,
paraleluri porti, USB porti), an
TCP-donis misamarTi, romelic, IP donis
misamarTTan erTad sagamonaklisod
aRwers qselis momsaxurebas (serveris
mier mowodebuls)
portis replikatori mowyobiloba, romelic moicavs
personaluri kompiuteris zogad portebs,
rogorebicaa seriuli, paraleluri da
qselis portebi, romlebic portatul
kompiuters uerTdeba. portis
replikatori sabazo blokis msgavsia,
Tumca sabazo blokebi Cveulebriv
damatebiTi gamafarTovebeli platis
SeerTebis SesaZlbelobas iZlevian
[Error!
Error! Reference source
source not found.].
found.
 portis replikatori
(http://www.keysan.com)
portatuli kompiuteri personaluri kompiuteri portatul
formaSi, mag., nouTbuqi an laptopi.

nouTbuqi
(http://www.microstarinc.com)
printeri mowyobiloba, romelic kompiuteridan
teqstur da grafikul gamosaxulebas
iRebs da informacia qaRaldze gadaaqvs,
Cveulebriv qaRaldis standartizeul
furcelze [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.].
found.

printeri
(http://www.888camcorder.com)
informaciaze wvdomis xelmowerili cifruli dokumenti
saSualeba (Public key certificate) (cifruli piradobis maidentificireblis
msgavsi), romelic sarwmuno mxarisgan
modis (e.i. maserTificirebeli organosa
an masertificirebeli momsaxurebis
momwodeblisgan) da adasturebs, rom
informaciaze wvdomis saSualeba
konkretul adamiansa an organizacias
ekuTvnis. misi gamoyeneba xdeba
eleqtronuli (an cifruli) xelmowerebis
Sesamowmeblad. eleqtronuli
xelmowerebi Sesabamisi personaluri
kodiT iqmneba, rac misi mflobelis mier
saidumlod unda iyos Senaxuli ( mag.,
daudevari mopyrobisgan dacul baraTSi,
sadac is PIN -iT daculia).
simaRleze SekeTebuli aRwers eleqtronuli mowyobilobis
erTeuls, romelic metalis CarCoSia
(Rack-mounted) moTavsebuli, romelsac aRWurvilobis
sacavi hqvia [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.].
found.

Rack-mounted system
(http://www.micromech.com)
SerCeviT wvdomis mexsiereba SerCeviT wvdomis mesiereba. adgili
(RAM) kompiuterSi, sadac operatiuli sistema,
gamosayenebeli programebi da
gamoyenebuli monacemebia ise Senaxuli,
rom kompiuteris procesorma maTi moZebna
swrafad SeZlos. RAM-idan kompiuterze,
myar diskze, flopi disksa da CD-ROM-ze
gacilebiT swrafad ikiTxeba da masze
gacilebiT swrafad xdeba informaciis
Cawera. Tumca, monacemebi RAM-ze rCeba
mxolod imden xans, ramden xansac
kompiuteri CarTulia. kompiuteris
gamorTvisas RAM kargavs mis informacias
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
trasirebis algoriTmi mowyobiloba, an zog SemTxvevaSi
(Router) kompiuteruli programa, romelic
gansazRvravs monacemTa krebulis
gadacemis Semdeg wertils misi
daniSnulebis adgilisken. trasirebis
algoriTmi minimum or qselTan aris
dakavSirebuli da wyvets imas, Tu romeli
mimarTUlebiT gagzavnos monacemebi mis
mier im qselebis aRqmis farglebSi,
romlebzec is mierTebulia [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
skaneri optikuri mowyobiloba, romelic
kompiuterzea mierTebuli da romelic
dokuments damaskanerebel
mowyobilobamde uSvebs (an piriqiT) da
gzavnis mas kompiuterSi, rogorc fails
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.

skaneri
(http://www.pixelpower.com)
ekranis damcveli (Screen momsaxure programa, romelic monitors
saver) icavs. man wvdomis kontrolis funqciac
SeiZleba Seasrulos [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
usafrTxoebis damcveli mcire mowyobiloba (mag., paraleluri
damaxSobeli portis damcveli damaxSobeli an USB
damcveli damaxSbeli), romelic
kompiuterebze, programebze an funqciebze
wvdomas uzrunvelyofs.
amoRebis diski specialurad momzadebuli flopi diski,
romelic monacemTa SemTxveviT
Secvlisgan kompiuteruli sistemis
dasacavad aris Seqmnili [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
seriuli portis damcveli mcire mowyobiloba, romelsac seriuli
damxSobi (Serial port dongle) portis damkavSirebeli aqvs, romelmac
daprogramebadi mexsiereba, moSorebiT
ganaxleba, algoriTmebis an registrebis
flobis kontroli SeiZleba
uzrunvelyos.
xelmomweris piradobis xelmomweris piradobis modulis baraTi.
modulis baraTi (SIM card) inteleqtualuri baraTis specialuri
tipi, romlis gamoyeneba mobilur
telefonebSia SesaZlebeli.

SIM baraTebi
(http://www.ishop.co.uk)
dacdis reJimi (Sleep mode) energiis konservaciis statusi, romelic
aCerebs myari diskisa da monitoris
gardaqmnas gamosaxulebis gareSe ekranad,
energiis dasazogad. zogjer mas
SeCerebul reJimsac uwodeben [Err
Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
inteleqtualuri baraTi mcire mowyobiloba, romelic sakredito
(Smart card) baraTis msgavsia (standartuli zoma). is
moicavs mikroprocesors (e.i. Cips),
romelsac SeuZlia gamoTvla da/an
fuladi Rirebulebis, daSufvris kodis
an avTentifikaciis informaciis
(pasvordis), cifruli serTifikatis an
sxva informaciis Senaxva (adaptirebulia
[Error! Reference source not found.]-dan).
inteleqtualuri baraTebi, rogorc wesi,
daculia personaluri kodiT (e.i.
personaluri identifikaciis nomeri, PIN),
 anu baraTis monacmeebsa da funqciebze
wvdoma SesaZlebeli gaxdeba mxolod am
kodis gamoyenebiT.

inteleqtualuri baraTi
(http://www.austriacard.at)
inteleqtualuri baraTis mowyobiloba, romelic kiTxulobs
wamkiTxveli (Smart card reader) inteleqtualur baraTs da baraTsa da
kompiuters Soris kavSirs amyarebs.

inteleqtualuri baraTis
wamkiTxveli (http://www.smartcards.net)

inteleqtualuri baraTis
wamkiTxveli PIN-is mowyobilobiT
(http://www.quio.net)
usafrTxo/mravalfunqciuri usafrTxo/mravalfunqciuri internet
internet fostis fostis gafarToeba. eleqtronuli
gafarToeba (S/MIME) fostis gagzavnis usafrTxo meTodi.
usafrTxo/mravalfunqciuri internet
fostis gafarToeba (S/MIME) CarTulia
Microsoft-isa da Netscape-is Web saZiebo
sistemis axal versiaSi da isini aseve
mowonebulia sxva momwodeblebis mier,
romlebic Setyobinebis gagzavnis
produqtebs qmnian [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
mokle Setyobinebs mokle Setyobinebs servisi/multimedia
servisi/multimedia Setyobinebis momsaxureba. mobiluri
Setyobinebis momsaxureba telefonebis Setyobinebis formatebi.
(SMS/MMS)
martivi fostis gadamgzavni martivi fostis gadamgzavni protokoli.
protokoli (SMTP) safosto serveris meSveobiT
eleqtronuli fostis Setyobinebebis
gagzavnis internetis momsaxureba,
standartizebul protoklze
dafuZnebuli (mag., SMTP serveri).
myari diski (Solid state disk) Senaxvis aqseleratori, romelic
uerTdeba servers standartuli
magneturi mbrunavi diskis msgavsad.
Tumca, myari diski monacemebs inaxavs
DRAM-Si (dimaniuri SemTxveviTi wvdomis
mexsiereba), imave tipis naxevrad mimyoli
mowyobilobebi, romelTa gamoyeneba xdeba
CPU-is ZiriTadi meqsierebis Sesaqmnelad.
is ar aris mbrunav myar diskze,
magnituri safariT. es maxsovroba
daaxloebiT 200-jer ufro swrafia vidre
diskis draivisa [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
Senaxvis baraTi ix. mexsierebis baraTi.
superinteleqtualuri mcire ekranian da cifruli
baraTi mowyobilobis mqone inteleqtualuri
baraTi.
gadamrTveli (Switch) mowyobiloba, romelic Semomaval
monacemebs mimarTavs mravali portidan
specifiuri gasavali portisken, romelic
monacemebs maTi daniSnulebis adgilisken
gagzavnis. Ethernet LAN-ze gadamrTveli
arkvevs - fizikuri mowyobilobis
gamoyenebiT (mediaze wvdomis kontroli,
MAC) Semosuli Setyobinebis CarCoTi,
romeli gamgzavni protisken da portidan
gagzavnos is [Error!
Error! Reference source
not found.].
found.

gadamrTveli (Switch)
(http://www.wti.com)
sistemis administratori pirovneba, romelsac kompiuteruli
sistemis zedamxedvelobis legitimuri
ufleba aqvs. administratori sistemaze
wvdomis umaRles xarisxs inarCunebs. is
aseve cnobilia, rogorc sysop, sysadmin, da
sistemis operatori [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.].
found.
lentis diski (Tape drive) mowyobiloba, romelSi lenta moTavsdeba
kiTxvisTvis/werisTvis
 lentis diski (http://www.linux-
mag.com)
Telnet standartuli internetis protokoli,
romlis meSveobiT sxva adamianis
kompiuterze wvdomis organizeba xdeba,
TiTqos maT mier amis nebarTva gacemulia
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.
uwyveti energiis miwodeba uwyveti energiis miwodeba. mowyobiloba,
(UPS) romelic eleqtronul mowyobilobas
SesaZleblobas aZlevs, CarTuli iyos
mcire drois ganmavlobaSi mainc mas
Semdeg, rac energiis pirveladi wyaros
dakargva moxdeba. is energiis wyvetisgan
dacvasac uzrunvelyofs [Error!
Error!
Reference source
source not found.].
ound.

UPS (http://mitglied.lycos.de)
resursebis erTiani resursebis erTiani lokatori, failisi
lokatori (URL) misamarTi (e.i. resursi), romelic
internetze xelmisawvdomia (mag.,
“http://www.interpol.int”). failisi an resursis
tipi damokidebulia internetis
gamoyenebis protokolze (mag., internetis
- World Wide Web's - protokoli Cveulebriv
aris Hypertext Transfer Protocol, HTTP) [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.]. found.
universaluri universaluri Tanamimdevruli borbali.
Tanamimdevruli borbali hardvearis interfeisi/dabalsiCqariani
(USB) periferiuli mowyobilobebis, rogoricaa
klaviatura, mausi, joistiki, skaneri,
printeri, satelefono mowyobilobebis
porti (adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference
source not found.]-dan).
found. ix. aseve: USB
damcveli damaxSobeli.
USB damcveli damaxSobeli USB portiani mcire mowyobiloba,
SemarTebliT, romelmac SeiZleba
uzrunvelyos mexsiereba, daprogramebadi
mexsiereba, informaciis ganaxleba
distanciurad, makontrolebeli
 algoriTmebisa an gamomTvlelebis
floba.

USB damcveli damaxSobeli

(http://www.keylok.com)

USB mexsiereba
(http://www.dell.com)

USB kalami (http://www.dell.com)

virusi damprogramebeli kodi, Cveulebriv sxva
failis formaSi damaluli, rac
moulodnel da Cveulebriv arasasurvel
Sedegs iwvevs. virusi xSirad Seqmnilia
ise, rom is avtomaturad vrceldeba sxva
kompiuterebis momxmareblebze. virusebis
gadacema SeiZleba moxdes eleqtronuli
fostis Setyobinebaze TandarTuli
failebis saxiT, rogorc CamotvirTuli
failebisa an isini disketaze an
kompaqtur diskze SeiZleba, iyos [Error!
Error!
Reference source not found.].
found.
veb gverdis misamarTi URL an IP misamarTi.
ukabelo wvdomis wertili habi ukabelo LAN-Si.

ukabelo wvdomis wertili

(http://www.routerreviews.net)
ukabelo adgilobrivi ukabelo adgilobrivi qseli. qseluri
qseli (Wireless LAN) teqnologiebis zogadi saxeli, romelic
standartizebulia IEEE (eleqtro da
eleqtronuli inJineriis instituti)-is
 mier.

ukabelo PCMCIA
(http://www.ntslabs.com)

ukabelo habi
(http://www.3com.at)
msoflio qseli (World Wide qselSi xelmisawvdomi informaciis
Web (WWW)) msoflio, e.i. internetSi arsebuli yvela
resursi da momxmarebeli, romlebic
iyeneben Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)-s
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.]. found.
Xbox saTamaSo mowyobiloba

Xbox (http://www.game-
cheats.com)
ZIP® moSorebadi myari diskis sistema. ZIP-is
mowyobiloba mcire zomis, portatuli
diskis diskavodia, romelic upirvelesad
personaluri kompiuteris failebis
monacemTa kopirebisa da daarqivebisTvis
gamoiyeneba. brendirebuli ZIP draivi
Seqmnili iyo da iyideba Iomega Corporationis
mier. Zip draivebi da diskebi ori zomisaa
[Error!
Error! Reference source not found.].
found.

ZIP draivi da diskebi

(http://www.hunter.cuny.edu)
1 danarTi a: blok-
blok-sqemebi/jibis zomis
saxelmZRvaneloebi
momdevno ori blok-sqema eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis kargi
praqtikis amsaxvelia (adaptirebulia [Error!
Error! Reference source not
found.]-dan).
found.

a1 blok-
blok-sqema/jibis zomis saxelmZRvanelo: eleqtronuli
aRWurviloba

8. danarTi a: bloksqema/jibis saxelmZRvanelo

momdevno ori blok-sqema eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis kargi

praqtikis amsaxvelia (adaptirebulia []-dan).

a1 blok-
blok-sqema/jibis zomis saxelmZRvanelo: eleqtronuli
aRWurviloba

[versia a]
amosaRebi kompiuteruli an eleqtronuli
teqnikis aRmoCena
↓
daicaviT danaSaulis adgili da xalxi gaarideT
aRWurvilobasa da eleqtro energiis wyaroebisgan
↓
aRWurviloba CarTuli an qselTan mierTebulia?
↓
ara
↓
ar CarToT is
↓
gamoaerTeT denis wyaros kabelebi da/an batarea
aRWurvilobidan: ar gamoaerToT is Stefselidan
↓
iarliyiT aRwereT da fotoze/videoTi aRnusxeT aRWurviloba,
rogorc aris; SeadgineT skeC-gegma
↓
moaSoreT yvela sxva makavSirebeli kabeli, romelic kedlis
Stefselebsa an sxva mowyobilobebs uerTdeba
↓
aRWurviloba frTxilad gamoaerTeT da SefuTeT; Cxrekis oqmSi
CainiSneT yvela detali
 ↓
uzrunvelyaviT, rom yvela komponentze iyos mimagrebuli
iarliyi, rom maTi xelaxali Sekreba gaadvildes
↓
SeecadeT, Cxrekisas aRmoaCinoT dRiurebi da qaRaldis
furclebi maTze pasvordebiT
↓
CaatareT teqnikuri gamokiTxvebi (pasvordis, sistemis Sesaxeb
informaciis, qselis Sesaxeb informaciis Taobaze)
↓
gadaitaneT aRWurviloba/transportireba moaxdineT
↓
daicaviT aRWurviloba da waradgineT eqspertizisTvis

[versia b]
amosaRebi kompiuteruli an eleqtronuli
teqnikis aRmoCena
↓
daicaviT danaSaulis adgili da xalxi gaarideT
aRWurvilobasa da eleqtro energiis wyaroebisgan
↓
aRWurviloba CarTuli an qselTan mierTebulia?
↓
diax
↓
eqspertis rCevis miReba xelmisawvdomia?
↓
diax
↓
mihyeviT rCevas
↓
gamoaerTeT denis wyaros kabelebi da/an batarea
aRWurvilobidan: ar gamoaerToT is Stefselidan
↓
iarliyiT aRwereT da fotoze/videoTi aRnusxeT aRWurviloba,
rogorc aris; SeadgineT skeC-gegma
↓
 moaSoreT yvela sxva makavSirebeli kabeli, romelic kedlis
Stefselebsa an sxva mowyobilobebs uerTdeba
↓
aRWurviloba frTxilad gamoaerTeT da SefuTeT; Cxrekis oqmSi
CainiSneT yvela detali
↓
uzrunvelyaviT, rom yvela komponentze iyos mimagrebuli
iarliyi, rom maTi xelaxali Sekreba gaadvildes
↓
SeecadeT, Cxrekisas aRmoaCinoT dRiurebi da qaRaldis
furclebi maTze pasvordebiT
↓
CaatareT teqnikuri gamokiTxvebi (pasvordis, sistemis Sesaxeb
informaciis, qselis Sesaxeb informaciis Taobaze)
↓
gadaitaneT aRWurviloba/transportireba moaxdineT
↓
daicaviT aRWurviloba da waradgineT eqspertizisTvis

[versia g]
amosaRebi kompiuteruli an eleqtronuli
teqnikis
teqnikis aRmoCena
daicaviT danaSaulis adgili da xalxi gaarideT
aRWurvilobasa da eleqtro energiis wyaroebisgan
↓
aRWurviloba CarTuli an qselTan mierTebulia?
↓
ara
↓
gamoaerTeT denis wyaros kabelebi da/an batarea
aRWurvilobidan: ar gamoaerToT is Stefselidan
↓
iarliyiT aRwereT da fotoze/videoTi aRnusxeT aRWurviloba,
rogorc aris; SeadgineT skeC-gegma
↓
moaSoreT yvela sxva makavSirebeli kabeli, romelic kedlis
Stefselebsa an sxva mowyobilobebs uerTdeba
↓
aRWurviloba frTxilad gamoaerTeT da SefuTeT; Cxrekis oqmSi
CainiSneT yvela detali
↓
uzrunvelyaviT, rom yvela komponentze iyos mimagrebuli
iarliyi, rom maTi xelaxali Sekreba gaadvildes
↓
SeecadeT, Cxrekisas aRmoaCinoT dRiurebi da qaRaldis
furclebi maTze pasvordebiT
↓
CaatareT teqnikuri gamokiTxvebi (pasvordis, sistemis Sesaxeb
informaciis, qselis Sesaxeb informaciis Taobaze)
↓
gadaitaneT aRWurviloba/transportireba moaxdineT
↓
daicaviT aRWurviloba da waradgineT eqspertizisTvis

[versia d]
amosaRebi kompiuteruli an eleqtronuli
teqnikis aRmoCena
↓
daicaviT danaSaulis adgili da xalxi gaarideT
aRWurvilobasa da eleqtro energiis wyaroebisgan
↓
aRWurviloba CarTuli an qselTan mierTebulia?
↓
diax
↓
eqspertis rCevis miReba xelmisawvdomia?
↓
ara
↓
ar SeexoT klaviaturas
↓
ar mihyveT eWvmitanilis rCevas Seumowmeblad
↓
gadaiReT foto da moiniSneT, ras xedavT
 ↓
gamoaerTeT denis wyaros kabelebi da/an batarea
aRWurvilobidan: ar gamoaerToT is Stefselidan
↓
iarliyiT aRwereT da fotoze/videoTi aRnusxeT aRWurviloba,
rogorc aris; SeadgineT skeC-gegma
↓
moaSoreT yvela sxva makavSirebeli kabeli, romelic kedlis
Stefselebsa an sxva mowyobilobebs uerTdeba
↓
aRWurviloba frTxilad gamoaerTeT da SefuTeT; Cxrekis oqmSi
CainiSneT yvela detali
↓
uzrunvelyaviT, rom yvela komponentze iyos mimagrebuli
iarliyi, rom maTi xelaxali Sekreba gaadvildes
↓
SeecadeT, Cxrekisas aRmoaCinoT dRiurebi da qaRaldis
furclebi maTze pasvordebiT
↓
CaatareT teqnikuri gamokiTxvebi (pasvordis, sistemis Sesaxeb
informaciis, qselis Sesaxeb informaciis Taobaze)
↓
gadaitaneT aRWurviloba/transportireba moaxdineT
↓
daicaviT aRWurviloba da waradgineT eqspertizisTvis

gaxsovdeT:
a) ra unda amoiRoT:

kompiuteruli sistema:

ZiriTadi korpusi; Cveulebriv, es aris yuTi, romelsac
uerTdeba klaviatura da monitori;

monitori;

klaviatura da Tagvi (mausi);

yvela SemaerTebeli (energiis mimwodebeli kabelebis
CaTvliT);

energiis mimwodebeli danadgarebi;

hard diskebi, romlebic ar aris komiuterSi
 damatebiTi komponentebi:

damcavi damaxSoblebi (mcire zomis SemaerTeblebi,
romlebic kompiuteris ukana mxares aris SeerTebuli);

modemebi;

printerebi, skanerebi (qaRaldisa
(qaRaldisa da kartrijis CaTvliT);

qselis komponentebi

gamocalkevebadi monacemTa Semnaxveli saSualebebi:

flopi diskebi, kompaqt-
kompaqt-diskebi, DAT lentebi;

JAZ da ZIP kartrijebi;

PCMCIA baraTebi;
baraTebi;

myari diskebi, romlebic kompiuterTan SeerTebuli ar aris

araeleqtronuli
araeleqtronuli mtkicebulebebi:

saxelmZRvaneloebi da kompiuteruli programebi;

pasvordebis Semcveli qaRaldebi;

dafebi;

gasaRebi

sxva eleqtronuli mtkicebulebebi:

personaluri cifruli TanaSemweebi, telefonebi, a.S.

gaxsovdeT:
b) transportireba:

yvelaferi frTxilad gadaitaneT

yvela mowyobiloba moaSoreT magnituri wyaroebisgan,
rogorebicaa uyurmilod molaparake telefonebi, gamTbari
savarZlebi an fanjrebi, an policiis radio

myari diskebi da sainformacio dafebi anti- anti-statikur
CanTebSi moaTavseT

ar gadakecoT flopi diskebi an an ar moaTavsoT maTze
stikerebi pirdapir

monitorebi ekraniT qvemoT gadaadgileT manqanis ukana
savarZelze (RvediT damagrebuli)

personaluri organaizerebi da palmtop kompiuterebi
qaRaldi konvertebSi moaTavseT

klaviaturebi, kabelebi, Tagvi (mausi) da modemebi
haergamtar CanTebSi CadeT. ar moaTavsoT mZime sagnebs qveS.
a2 bloksqema/jibis saxelmZRvanelo:
saxelmZRvanelo: xelis
mowyobilobebi (personaluri cifruli damxmareni)

[versia a]
amosaRebi personaluri cifruli damxmaris aRmoCena
↓
daicaviT danaSaulis adgili da xalxi gaarideT personalur
cifrul damxmares
↓
personaluri cifruli damxmare CarTuli an qselTan
mierTebulia?
↓
ara
↓
ar CarToT is
↓
SecvaleT Zveli batarea axliT
(Cveulebriv AAA an AA da CR2032 batareebi)

↓
amoiReT yvela makavSirebeli kabeli da CarCo
↓
moaxdineT dokumentireba da personaluri cifruli damxmare
frTxilad SefuTeT

↓
gadaitaneT personaluri cifruli damxmare/transportireba
moaxdineT
↓
daicaviT personaluri cifruli damxmare da waradgineT
eqspertizisTvis
dauyovnebliv samsaxuris politikis Sesabamisad

[versia
[versia b]
b]
amosaRebi personaluri cifruli damxmaris aRmoCena
↓
daicaviT danaSaulis adgili da xalxi gaarideT personalur
cifrul damxmares
↓
personaluri cifruli damxmare CarTuli an qselTan
mierTebulia?
↓
diax
↓
eqspertis rCevis miReba xelmisawvdomia?
↓
diax
↓
mihyeviT rCevas
↓
amoiReT yvela makavSirebeli kabeli da CarCo
↓
moaxdineT dokumentireba da personaluri cifruli damxmare
frTxilad SefuTeT

↓
gadaitaneT personaluri cifruli damxmare/transportireba
moaxdineT
↓
daicaviT personaluri cifruli damxmare da waradgineT
eqspertizisTvis
dauyovnebliv samsaxuris politikis Sesabamisad

[versia g]
g]
amosaRebi personaluri cifruli damxmaris aRmoCena
↓
daicaviT danaSaulis adgili da xalxi gaarideT personalur
cifrul damxmares
↓
personaluri cifruli damxmare CarTuli an qselTan
mierTebulia?
 ↓
diax
↓
eqspertis rCevis miReba xelmisawvdomia?
↓
ara
↓
ar mihyveT eWvmitanilis rCevas Seumowmeblad
↓
gadaiReT foto da moiniSneT, ras xedavT
↓
erideT daSifvris aqtivirebas personaluri cifruli
TanaSemwis mudam CarTul mdgomareobaSi datovebiT
(ekranis cariel adgilze daWeriT)
sanam eqspertis daxmareba xelmisawvdomi iqneba
↓
amoiReT yvela makavSirebeli kabeli da CarCo
↓
moaxdineT dokumentireba da personaluri cifruli damxmare
frTxilad SefuTeT
↓
gadaitaneT personaluri cifruli damxmare/transportireba
moaxdineT
↓
daicaviT personaluri cifruli damxmare da waradgineT
eqspertizisTvis
dauyovnebliv samsaxuris politikis Sesabamisad

rogor vimuSavoT PALM OS--Tan

PALM OS personalur cifrul damxmareebSi erT-erTi xSirad

gamoyenebadi operatiuli sistemaa.

PALM OS-s operirebis sami moduli aqvs:

• dasvenebis reJimi - energia midis ROM-isa da RAM-isken
• Zilis reJimi - energiis wyaro miedineba ROM-isa da RAM-isken
daSifvra SesaZloa, moxdes Zilis reJimSi
• muSa reJimi - procesori aqtiurad muSaobs
 ra unda amoiRoT
amoiRoT
amoiReT yvela sxva mowyobiloba, romelic personalur cifrul
damxmaresTan dakavSirebulia:
• baraTebi da blokebi
• qeisebi - SesaZloa, garemos Sesaxeb informacias Seicavdes,
a.S.
2 danarTi b: sanimuSo formebi da sakontrolo siebi
(b1-
(b1-b3)
b1 sanimuSo forma (adaptirebulia
(adaptirebulia [Error!
[ Reference source
not found.]]-dan):
dan): Cveneba

(beWedi)

saregstracio # .......................................................... (adgili), (TariRi)

Cveneba

miRebulia (visgan): ..........................................................................................................

profesia: ..........................................................................................................

dabadebis TariRi/adgili..........................................................................................................

moqalaqeoba/erovneba: ..........................................................................................................

mSoblebis saxelebi: ..........................................................................................................

misamarTi: ..........................................................................................................

telefoni: ..........................................................................................................

piradobis mowmoba: ..........................................................................................................

romelsac ecnoba saqmis Sesaxeb rogorc:

mowmes

eWvmitanils

acxadebs, rom iyos dakiTxuli:

dasawyisi: ........................ (dro)

Semdegi aparaturaa adgilze:

calke mdgomi kompiuteri nomeri: ..............

portatuli kompiuter(eb)i nomeri: .............. (mag., nouTbuqebi,

laptopebi)

qselSi CarTuli kompiuteri nomeri:........ samuSao manqana ..........

server(eb)i

sxva ...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................

mdebareoba: ...................................................................................................................

kiTxva: vis SeuZlia kompiuteris gamoyeneba?

me SemiZlia

................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

kiTxva: vin aris sistemis administrirebaze pasuxismgebeli?

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

kiTxva: kompiuteri daculia nebadaurTveli SeRwevisgan?

diax ara

kiTxva: ra tipis dacvaa uzrunvelyofili nebadaurTveli

SeRwevisgan?

BIOS-pasvordi: ...................................................................................................

pasvordiT daculi sxva maxasiaTeblebi: .......................................................

klaviaturis dablokva:.........................................................................................

ekranis dablokva:....................................................................................................

ekranis damcvel(eb)i ........................................................................................

kompiuteruli programebis sxva dacva: ............................................................

hardvaris sxva dacva:..............................................................................................

saidumlo kiTxva da pasuxi pasvordisTvis: ....................................................

kiTxva: kompiuteruli programa da/an masSi arsebuli monacemebi

daculi aramarTlzomieri wvdomisgan?
diax ara

programa/faili ..........................................................................................................

pasvordi: ..........................................................................................................

programa/faili ..........................................................................................................

pasvordi: ..........................................................................................................

programa/faili ..........................................................................................................

pasvordi: ..........................................................................................................

programa/faili ..........................................................................................................

pasvordi: ..........................................................................................................

programa/faili ..........................................................................................................

pasvordi: ..........................................................................................................

wvdomis sxva mowyobilobebi (inteleqtualuri baraTi, damcavi

damaxSporebli, biometriuli skanerebi, markerebi):
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

kiTxvebi: gaqvT internetze wvdoma?

internetis momsaxurebis momwodebeli:

sistemaSi Sesvlisas gamoyenebuli saxeli/momxmareblis saxeli:

pasvordi:

pasvordisTvis gamoyenebuli saidumlo kiTxva da pasuxi am

kiTxvaze:

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
eleqtronuli fostis misamarTi:

POP/SMTP serveri:

veb sivrce, Tavisufali sivrce (virtualuri draivi)

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

kiTxva: kidev vin SeiZleba icodes am sistemis romelime

pasvordi/wvdomis kodi?
...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

kiTxva: romeli operatiuli sistemebia dainstalirebuli

mowyobilobaze?

dasaxeleba, versia
............................................................................................................

(mag., PC-sTvis: MSDOS, Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac OS; PDA-sTvis: Palm OS,
Psion EPOC, Windows CE)

kiTxva: sistemis dublireba (beqafi) regularuli intervalebiT

xdeba? Tu ki:

beqafis kompiuteruli programa:

.....................................................................

beqfis aRmdgeni agentis kompiuteruli programa:

.......................................

kiTxva: aris qseli7? Tu ki:

kiTxva:

kiTxva: aris qselis gegma? (Tu ara, iTxoveT, dagixaton is).

kiTxva: romeli qselis saoperacio sistem(eb)ia dayenebuli?

dasaxeleba versia
...............................................................................................

kiTxva: wvdomis ra ufleba gaqvT Tqven an sxva pirebs?

7 ix. aseve: me-Error!

Error! Reference source not found. Tavi
 momxmareblis pasvordi qselis kodi/wvdomis ufleba
saxeli

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

kiTxva: vin zrunavs qselis administrirebaze?

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

Sesabamisad viyavi informirebuli, rom damcavi meqanizmebis Sesaxeb

mcdari informaciis miwodebam an ar miTiTebam SeiZleba hardvearis
dazianeba da/an modificireba/monacemTa dakargva SeiZleba
gamoiwvis.

Cem mier mowodebuli informacia namdvili da zustia.

dasasruli: .........................(dro)

vadastureb, rom yuradRebiT wavikiTxe es oqmi da veTanxmebi mis

Sinaarss:
...........................................................................................................................................

xelmowerasTan erTad TiTueul furcelze dasviT inicialebi

amiT vadasturebT, rom eleqtronuli mtkicebulebis amoRebis

Sesaxeb saxelmZRvanelo principebi mxedvelobaSia miRebuli.

...........................................................................................................................................
oficeri
b2 sanimuSo forma [2]: amoRebuli sagnebis/eleqtronuli
teqnologiebis mtkicebulebis - sainventarizacio furceli

beWedi

failis
#:

(adgili), (TariRi)

sagani:

warmodgenili/amoRebuli sagnebis sia

saqmis
mwarmoebeli
oficeri:
TariRi/dro
mflobelisgan
miRebuli:
oficialuri
uwyeba:
visi saxeliT:
mizezi:

sagnis # aRwera
nomeri

gadacemulia
(miuTiTeT
dro):
vis gadaeca

komentari:
b3 sanimuSo sakontroli sia (adaptirebulia [Error! Reference
source not found.,,Error! Reference source not found.]]-dan
da gan
ganvrcobili): qselsa da usafrTxoebasTan dakavSirebuli
kiTxvebi

es sakontrolo sia SeiZleba, gamoyenebuli iyos winaswari

gamokiTxvis Casatareblad mowmeebsa da dazaralebulebTan. is
aseve gamoyenebuli SeiZleba iyos eWvmitanilTa dakiTxvisas.
gaiTvaliswineT, rom sakontrolo sia ar aris yvela
mniSvnelovani sakiTxis amomwuravi CamonaTvali.

1. qselis konfiguracia
2. ra aris Tqveni IP misamarTi, mflobelis saxeli da drois
zona?
3. ra aris Tqveni DNS serveri?
4. ra aris Tqveni LAN konfiguracia?
5. gaqvT brandmaueri (“faiarvoli”)?
6. brandmaueris romel produqts iyenebT?
7. gaqvT cifruli/amobeWdili asli brandmaueris
konfiguraciisa?
8. gaqvT faiarvolis log failis cifruli/amobeWdili
asli?
9. gaqvT virusis Semmowmebeli sofTveari?
10. romel sofTvears iyenebT?
11. rodis ganaaxleT is bolos?
12. eleqtronuli fosta
13. ra aris Tqveni eleqtronuli fostis misamarTi?
14. eleqtronuli fostis romel programas iyenebT?
15. ra aris Tqveni eleqtronuli fostis provaideri (mag.,
POP/IMAP/SMTP/LDAP serveri)?
16. gaqvT im piris eleqtronuli fostis misamarTi, romelmac
gamogzavna eleqtronuli fosta?
17. SeinaxeT eleqtronuli gzavnili Tqven kompiuterSi?
18. “gafarToebuli saTauris” eleqtronuli asli gaqvT?
19. Tu ara, misi amobeWdili asli gaqvT?
20. usafrTxoeba
21. iyenebT PGP, S/MIME an eleqtronuli fostis
usafrTxoebis sxva produqts?
22. ra aris Tqveni cifruli maidentificirebeli/cifruli
serTifikati?
23. vin moganiWaT Tqveni cifruli
maidentificirebeli/cifruli serTifikati (organizaciam,
serverma)?
24. SegiZliaT mogvawodoT Tqveni cifruli
maidentificirebeli/cifruli serTifikatis asli?
25. SegiZlia mogvawodoT Sesabamisi komunikaciis
partniorebis cifruli maidentificirebeli/cifruli
serTifikatebi?
26. saidan iRebT sxva adamianebis informacias (daSifvras,
xelmoweras)?
27. iyenebT sxva daSifvris/xelmoweris programas?
28. am programis produqtis saxeli/versia ra aris?
29. risTvis iyenebT Tqven am programas (mag., failebis
sistemis daSifvra, individualuri failebis daSifvra,
a.S.)?
30. sad inaxavT kriptografiul gasaRebs (daSifvras,
xelmoweras)?
31. iyenebT specialuri dacvis hardvears?
32. ra aris produqcis dasaxeleba/versia (gamfarToebeli
plata, inteleqtualuri baraTi, USB, a.S.)?
33. sad inaxavT kriptografiul gasaRebs (daSifvras,
xelmoweras)?
34. msoflio qsli (WWW)
35. ra moxda zustad?
36. ra aris veb-gverdis misamarTi?
37. ra aris Tqveni ISP?
38. gaqvT im veb-gverdebis asli, romelic naxeT?
39. romel dResa da ra dros naxeT veb-gverdi?
40. romel drois zonaSi?
41. sxva qselebis momsaxurebebi
42. romeli eleqtronuli maRaziebi/momsaxurebis
momwodeblebi naxeT? (personaluri/gadaxdis informacia
Tua dakavSirebuli)?
43. ra aris Tqveni momxmareblis maidentificirebeli monacemi
da pasvordi am momsaxurebisTvis?
44. ra aris serveris IP misamarTi/saxeli/veb-gverdis
misamarTi (URL)?
45. gaqvT Sesabamisi monacemebis cifruli asli?
46. Tu ara, gaqvT misi dabeWdili versia?
47. iyenebT sxva qselebis momsaxurebas (mag., ftp, telnet)?
48. ra aris Tqveni momxmareblis saxeli da pasvordi am
servisebiTvis?
49. ra aris am serveris IP misamarTi/saxeli/veb-gverdis
misamarTi (URL)?
50. gaqvT Sesabamisi monacemebis eleqtronuli asli?
51. Tu ara, gaqvT misi dabeWdili asli?
52. Setyobinebis panelebi
53. ra aris Tqveni Setyobinebis forumi (Setyobinebis paneli,
biuletenis paneli) maspinZeli?
54. SeinaxeT Setyobineba Tqven kompiuterSi?
55. Tu asea, SegiZliaT misi cifruli aslis mowodeba?
56. Tu ara, SeinaxeT am Setyobinebis amobeWdili asli?
57. axali ambebis jgufebi
58. SeinaxeT Setyobineba Tqven kompiuterSi?
59. Tu asea, SegiZliaT misi cifruli asli mogvawodoT?
60. Tu ara, SeinaxeT Setyobinebis amobeWdili asli?
61. mniSvnelovani informacia: Setyobinebis ID, IP misamarTi
62. aris es axali ambebis jgufi Tqveni internetis
momsaxurebis momwodeblisgan pirdapir xelmisawvdomi? Tu
ki:
63. vin aris Tqveni internet momsaxurebis momwodebeli?
64. ra aris axali ambebis jgufis saxeli?
65. ra aris Tqveni Setyobinebis dasaxeleba?
66. Tu axali ambebis jgufi specifiuri serveridan aris
xelmisawvdomi:
67. romeli axali ambebis jgufis momsaxurebas iyenebT?
68. romeli kompiuteris serveri gamoiyeneT am axali ambebis
jgufiT sargeblobisTvis?
69. ra aris axali ambebis jgufis saxeli?
70. ra aris Setyobinebis saxelwodeba?
71. werilobiT sasaubro oTaxebi
72. internet saubris qseli (IRC):
73. ra aris Tqveni internet momsaxurebis momwodebeli?
74. ra aris saubris qselis saxeli?
75. vin aris saubris qselis operatori?
76. ra aris serveris dasaxeleba?
77. ra aris aramarTlzomieri qmedebis Camdenis niki
(mnemonuri saxeli)?
78. saubris asli SeinaxeT Tqven kompiuterSi?
79. Tu asea, SegiZliaT misi eleqtronuli asli mogvawodoT?
80. Tu ara, SeinaxeT saubris amobeWdili versia?
81. Tu internet momsaxurebis mmwodebeli gTavazobT sakuTar
eleqtronul sasaubro oTaxebs, rac gansxvavdeba
internet saubris qselis (IRC)-gan:
82. vin aris internet momsaxurebis momwodebeli?
83. ra qvia internet sasaubro oTaxs?
84. ra aris aramarTlzomieri qmedebis ekranze gamoyenebuli
saxeli?
85. gaqvT saubris asli?
86. Tu ki, SegiZliaT misi asli mogvawodoT?
87. Tu ara, SeinaxeT saubris amobeWdili versia?
88. saubris oTaxs operatori an mediatori hyavda?
89. Tu asea, ra saxeli iyo gamoyenebuli?
3 danarTi g: bibliografia SeniSvnebiTurT (ix.
“bibliografia”, saboloo versia1.0.pdf”)
versia