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DTQ Atomic Structure

The document contains a series of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to atomic structure in chemistry, covering topics such as the discovery of the electron, unpaired electrons in elements, quantum numbers, and the de Broglie wavelength. Each question is accompanied by the correct answer and a brief explanation. The content is aimed at helping students prepare for the KCET Chemistry examination.

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Everest Annadurai
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6 views

DTQ Atomic Structure

The document contains a series of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to atomic structure in chemistry, covering topics such as the discovery of the electron, unpaired electrons in elements, quantum numbers, and the de Broglie wavelength. Each question is accompanied by the correct answer and a brief explanation. The content is aimed at helping students prepare for the KCET Chemistry examination.

Uploaded by

Everest Annadurai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KCET Chemistry - Chapter-wise MCQs

Chapter: Atomic Structure

Question 1

Which of the following statements is incorrect about the discovery of the electron?
(A) Discovered by J.J. Thomson
(B) Identified using a cathode ray tube experiment
(C) Electrons are negatively charged
(D) Electrons have the same mass as protons

Answer: (D) Electrons have the same mass as protons


Explanation:

 Electrons were discovered by J.J. Thomson using the cathode ray experiment.

 Electrons are negatively charged.

 Electron mass = 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ kg, Proton mass = 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg → Electron is much
lighter than a proton.

Question 2

Which of the following has the maximum number of unpaired electrons?


(A) Mg (Z=12)
(B) Fe (Z=26)
(C) Mn (Z=25)
(D) Cu (Z=29)

Answer: (C) Mn (Z=25)


Explanation:

 Mn (25): [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s² → 5 unpaired electrons in d-orbital (Hund’s rule)

 Fe (26): [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s² → 4 unpaired electrons

 Mg (12): [Ne] 3s² → No unpaired electrons

 Cu (29): [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹ → No unpaired electrons in 3d

Question 3

What is the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the third shell
(n=3)?
(A) 8
(B) 18
(C) 32
(D) 50

Answer: (B) 18
Explanation:
Maximum electrons in a shell = 2n²
For n = 3, 2(3)² = 18 electrons

Question 4

Which quantum number determines the shape of an orbital?


(A) Principal quantum number (n)
(B) Azimuthal quantum number (l)
(C) Magnetic quantum number (m)
(D) Spin quantum number (s)

Answer: (B) Azimuthal quantum number (l)


Explanation:

 n → Size of the orbital

 l → Shape of the orbital (s, p, d, f orbitals)

 m → Orientation in space

 s → Electron spin

Question 5

The total number of orbitals in the second energy level (n=2) is:
(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 8
(D) 16

Answer: (B) 4
Explanation:

 Number of orbitals per shell = n²

 For n = 2, orbitals = 2² = 4 (1s, 3p)

Question 6
Which of the following statements is true according to Bohr’s atomic model?
(A) Electrons move in elliptical orbits
(B) Energy levels are continuous
(C) Electrons emit energy when moving in orbits
(D) Angular momentum is quantized

Answer: (D) Angular momentum is quantized


Explanation:

 Bohr’s model states that electrons revolve in fixed circular orbits

 Angular momentum = nh/2π (quantized values only)

 Electrons absorb or emit energy only when jumping between orbits

Question 7

Which of the following sets of quantum numbers is not possible?

nl ms

2 1 -1 +1/2

3 2 -2 -1/2

4 3 4 +1/2

5 3 2 -1/2

(A) Row 1
(B) Row 2
(C) Row 3
(D) Row 4

Answer: (C) Row 3


Explanation:

 m (magnetic quantum number) can have values from -l to +l

 If l = 3, m should be -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, but not 4 → Row 3 is invalid

Question 8

Which of the following transitions in a hydrogen atom will produce light of the shortest
wavelength?
(A) n=5 to n=4
(B) n=4 to n=3
(C) n=3 to n=2
(D) n=2 to n=1

Answer: (D) n=2 to n=1


Explanation:

 Energy emitted (ΔE) is directly proportional to frequency (ν) and inversely


proportional to wavelength (λ).

 Larger energy difference → Higher frequency → Shorter wavelength

 n=2 to n=1 (Lyman series) has the highest energy gap → shortest wavelength

Question 9

Which of the following series of the hydrogen spectrum lies in the visible region?
(A) Lyman
(B) Balmer
(C) Paschen
(D) Brackett

Answer: (B) Balmer


Explanation:

 Lyman (UV) → n₁ = 1

 Balmer (Visible) → n₁ = 2

 Paschen (Infrared) → n₁ = 3

 Brackett (Infrared) → n₁ = 4

Question 10

What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron moving with a velocity of 6 × 10⁶ m/s?
(Mass of electron = 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ kg, h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js)
(A) 0.122 nm
(B) 0.152 nm
(C) 0.175 nm
(D) 0.198 nm

Answer: (A) 0.122 nm


Explanation:
De Broglie wavelength (λ) = h / mv
= (6.63 × 10⁻³⁴) / (9.1 × 10⁻³¹ × 6 × 10⁶)
= 0.122 nm

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