Unit 6 Final Performance Task- Formal Assessment

Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the
line provided.
____1. What is transferred by a force moving an object through a distance?
a. force
b. mass
c. motion
d. Energy
____ 2. A 12-kg sled is moving at a speed of 3.0 m/s. At which of the following speeds will the sled have
twice as much kinetic energy?
a. 1.5 m/s
b. 4.2 m/s
c. 6.0 m/s
d. 9.0 m/s
____ 3. The gravitational potential energy of an object is always measured relative to the
a. location where the object’s kinetic energy is zero.
b. position of maximum mechanical energy.
c. reference level from which the height is measured.
d. surface of Earth.
____ 4. Walking converts what type of energy into mechanical energy?
a. chemical
b. electromagnetic
c. nuclear
d. Thermal
____ 5. Which of the following statements is a consequence of the equation E = mc 2?
a. Energy is released when matter is destroyed.
b. Mass and energy are equivalent.
c. The law of conservation of energy must be modified to state that mass and energy are conserved
in any process.
d. all of the above
____ 6. Fossil fuels currently account for the majority of the world’s energy use because they are
a. distributed evenly throughout the world.
b. nonpolluting.
c. relatively inexpensive and readily available.
d. renewable energy resources.
____ 7. Based on your knowledge of energy conservation, which of the following statements is true?
a. Manufacturers can increase a light bulb’s energy efficiency by using technology that increases the
amount of electromagnetic energy the bulb converts from a given amount of electrical energy.
b. Energy can be conserved by turning off lights when they are not in use.
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b
____ 8. From his observations of cannon drilling, Count Rumford concluded that heat could NOT be a
form of
a. kinetic energy.
b. potential energy.
c. matter.
d. radiation.
____ 9. How do you know that a sealed calorimeter is a closed system?
a. because temperature is conserved
b. because the masses of the sample and water are equal
c. because thermal energy is not transferred to the environment
d. because work is done on the test sample
____ 10. The vacuum inside the thermos bottle shown in Figure 16-1 stops which type of thermal energy
transfer to keep the liquid hot?
a. convection
b. conduction
c. radiation
d. both a and b
____ 11. Disorder in the universe increases because
a. spontaneous changes produce more order in a system.
b. work produces disorder in a system.
c. work produces waste heat, which leaves a system.
d. all of the above
____12. In most four-stroke internal combustion engines, when does the piston move downward?
a. during the compression stroke only
b. during the compression and exhaust strokes
c. during the intake and exhaust strokes
d. during the power and intake strokes
____ 13. Which of the following happens in a heat pump?
a. The compressor increases the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant.
b. The compressor blows cold refrigerant into the room.
c. The compressor absorbs heat from the refrigerant.
d. none of the above
____ 14. As the temperature of an object rises, so does the
a. kinetic energy of the object. b. mass of the object.
b. thermal energy of the object.
c. potential energy of the object.
____ 15. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another because of a difference in
a. specific heat.
b. phase.
c. temperature.
d. waste heat.

Completion Complete each statement on the line provided.

1. Energy and work are measured in the SI unit called the ______________.
2. When a pole-vaulter flexes the pole, the pole-vaulter increases the pole’s ______________potential
energy.
3. Turning off unused lights or appliances is an example of energy __________________________.
4. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy because of a _______________difference.
5. In a calorimeter, the increase in the thermal energy of the water and the decrease in the thermal energy
of the sample are _______________________.
6. Having air cleaned as it passes through ____________ near the furnace is an advantage of a(n)
______________ heating system.

Short Answer In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.
1. In what two ways can you increase the elastic potential energy of a spring?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

2. Why can you model the thermal energy of an object as the “mechanical energy” of the particles that
make it up?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. What energy conversion takes place as an arrow is shot from a bow?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

4. What role do free electrons have in conduction in metals?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

5. Use the diagram to answer the question. Compare the average kinetic energy of the water molecules in
the three beakers in the Figure.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

6. Explain how energy is conserved in a heat pump

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
7. As what type of combustion engine would you classify steam turbines used in power plants? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________