Unit 1: Local community

WORD PRONUNCIATION MEANING

artisan (n) /ˌɑːtɪˈzæn/ thợ làm nghề thủ công

community (n) /kəˈmjuːnəti/ cộng đồng

community helper /kəˈmjuːnəti ˈhelpə/ người phục vụ cộng đồng

craft village /ˌkrɑːft ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ làng nghề thủ công

cut down on /kʌt daʊn ɒn/ cắt giảm

delivery person /dɪˈlɪvəri ˈpɜːsn/ nhân viên giao hàng

electrician (n) /ɪˌlekˈtrɪʃn/ thợ điện

facilities (n, plural) /fəˈsɪlətiz/ cơ sở vật chất

firefighter (n) /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə/ lính cứu hoả

fragrance (n) /ˈfreɪɡrəns/ hương thơm

function (n) /ˈfʌŋkʃn/ chức năng

garbage collector (n) /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ kəlektə/ nhân viên dọn vệ sinh

get on with /ɡet ɒn wɪð/ có quan hệ tốt với

hand down /hænd daʊn/ truyền lại

handicraft (n) /ˈhændikrɑːft/ sản phẩm thủ công

look around /lʊk əˈraʊnd/ ngắm nghía xung quanh

original (adj) /əˈrɪdʒənl/ nguyên bản

pass down /pɑːs daʊn/ truyền lại

police officer (n) /pəˈliːs ɒfɪsə/ công an

 pottery (n) /ˈpɒtəri/ đồ gốm

preserve (v) /prɪˈzɜːv/ bảo tồn

run out of /rʌn aʊt əv/ hết, cạn kiệt

speciality (n) /ˌspeʃiˈæləti/ đặc sản

suburb (n) /ˈsʌbɜːb/ vùng ngoại ô

tourist attraction /ˈtʊərɪst əˈtrækʃn/ điểm du lịch

READING
Read the text about London markets and do the exercises that follow.

London markets
Without its lively and colourful markets, London would lose a lot of its charm. Make sure
you find time during your stay in England’s capital to have a walk around one of these
fabulous places.
A. BOROUGH MARKET
Located in South East London, it is one of the largest food markets in the world. It sells a
wide variety of fresh and organic products, as well as home-made confectionery,
mushrooms, chutneys, jams, breads and cheeses. It is a definite must on a Saturday
morning for every lover of delicious food.
B. PORTOBELLO ROAD MARKET
This is one of the most colourful and dynamic markets in London. It sells everything
from books to second-hand fashion and cooking ingredients. It is especially known as a
great place to browse for antiques and jewellery. The clothes stalls specialise in leather.
C. CAMDEN MARKET
This is actually several different markets. The place is considered a huge tourist
attraction, so it tends to be very crowded at weekends. The wide range of goods includes
antiques, clothes, handicraft, accessories and furnishings – in fact it has all those things
you realise you need when you see them even though you had no intention of buying
them when you left home. There is a variety of world cuisine on offer in the many bars
and eateries in and around the markets.
D. GREENWICH MARKET
Greenwich is known for its fantastic market offering a variety of hand-crafted items,
paintings and ornaments. On weekends, you can get a good deal on antique furniture,
second-hand books and rare records. Then, like many other people – both locals and
tourists – you can finish off your market tour with a stroll along the nearby river.
E. LEADENHALL MARKET
Located in a beautiful Victorian glass-roof building that has already become a tourist
attraction, the market offers a wide selection of reasonably priced luxury goods. It
features the most exotic ingredients and fine wines that may be difficult to get elsewhere.
It is especially good for rarer cheeses, seafood, and meats. You can relax and have a
delicious lunch in one of the many nearby market bars.
Adapted from www.londonmarkets.co.uk

Exercise 1. Match the markets (A – E) with the correct statements (1 – 8). Each
letter can be used more than once.
1. It is located near a popular walking area. ________
2. You can taste food from many different countries. ________
3. On certain days you can pay less than usual. ________
4. It sells food which may not be easy to find in other places. ________
5. You can buy clothes that have already been worn. ________
6. It is a good place to buy healthy food. ________
7. It consists of more than one market. ________
8. It is good for buying clothes of one particular type. ________

Exercise 2. Read the text again. Are statements 1 – 6 True or False?

________ 1. Borough Market offer great choices of groceries.
________ 2. Portobello Road Market mainly sells cotton and silk clothes.
________ 3. You should go to Borough Market if you need something special to decorate
your house.
________ 4. Both Greenwich Market and Leadenhall Market have goods that are difficult
to find in other places.
________ 5. Camden Market does not sell any foods.
LISTENING
Exercise 1. Listen to two volunteers, Karen and Martin. Where do they do their
voluntary work?
1. Karen: ___________________________
2. Martin: ___________________________

Exercise 2: Listen to Karen and Martin again and answer the questions. Write K
(Karen) or M (Martin).

Who … K or M?

1. helps homeless people in the local area?

2. works with farm animals?

3. volunteers a few hours a week?

4. does voluntary work every weekend?

5. thinks that volunteers are more active than other people?

6. enjoys working with other people?

7. thinks that voluntary work makes you more sure of yourself?

8. thinks that doing voluntary work makes a good impression?

Phrasal verbs
Exercise 1. Match the sentence halves.
1. Guess who I bumped _______ a. up the timetable online.

2. I think the bus is at 7, but it’s easy to look b. off an hour later than scheduled.
_______

3. Due to heavy rain, the plane took _______ c. out of petrol.

4. Let’s buy our tickets and make _______ d. into on the train.

5. Driving to work, Jim ran _______ e. for the platform.

Exercise 2. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first. Use the words in capitals.
1. We had no food left, nevertheless we continued to walk. RUN/CARRY
🡪 We ______________ food, nevertheless we ______________.
2. Kate has quit her career as a manager and she can’t wait to go to India.
WALK/LOOK
🡪 Kate ______________ her career as a manager and she ______________ to India.
3. Dan took us to the station in his car. He went to work and we went towards the
platform. DROP/MADE
🡪 Dan ______________ at the station. He went to work and we ______________ the
platform.
4. Pat stopped by the side of the road and tried to find the hotel’s address in her
guidebook. PULL/LOOK
🡪 Pat ______________ and ______________ the hotel’s address in her guidebook.
5 I met my old friend unexpectedly when we were delayed at the airport. BUMP/HOLD
🡪 I ______________ my old friend when we were ______________ at the airport.
Exercise 3. Choose one word, A, B or C to complete both sentences.
1. - Is Dan going to pick us _______ from the station?
- Mark is a great cyclist and it’s really hard to keep _______ with him.
A. on B. off C. up
2. - The taxi driver dropped us _______ at the wrong terminal.
- Pat had a long way to go so she set _______ at dawn.
A. down B. off C. out
3. - They’re going to _______ this old building into a hostel.
- What time did they finally _______ up?
A. turn B. make C. put
4. - We were held _______ in a traffic jam and we missed the last train home.
- The hotel was full but, fortunately, Sue put them _______.
A. up B. off C. down
5. - Paul gave _______ his job to travel the world.
- Have you ever put _______ a tent in the rain?
A. over B. off C. up
6. - Let’s not put this trip _______ anymore.
- The plane didn’t take _______ due to the fog.
A. off B. away C. down
VOCABULARY
Exercise 1. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best
completes each gap. There is one example.
Where did you grow up?

Read some of our readers’ stories.

I have a lot of great memories of the house 0. _____ I grew up. Now we live 1. _____
the suburbs, but when I was little, my dad got a job in the countryside and we lived in
a big old house on the 2. _____ of a village. We lived there for ten years and I used to
go to the village school. We were 3. _____ the sea and my friends and I often
explored the beach and the caves in the cliffs. The area is famous 4. _____ its beaches
and white cliffs and it was the 5. _____ for a popular TV series last year!

I loved that old house. Some people think it’s lonely to be in the countryside, but I
6. _____ being on my 7. _____ sometimes. If I felt 8. _____, I could go up to my
bedroom and look out of the window. I had a breath-taking 9. _____ from there across
the fields and to the sea. It was very relaxing and made me feel better. I was really
unhappy when we 10. _____ to the town!

0. A. which B. whose C. where D. who

1. A. on B. in C. by D. over
2. A. side B. centre C. edge D. part
3. A. at B. over C. close D. near
4. A. of B. on C. with D. for
5. A. plot B. setting C. place D. soundtrack
6. A. wanted B. decided C. hoped D. enjoyed
7. A. alone B. self C. own D. single
8. A. miserable B. proud C. crowded D. famous
9. A. scene B. sight C. view D. picture
10. A. changed B. transported C. moved D. travelled
Exercise 2. Complete the gaps with the correct words from the box. You don’t need
to use all the words.
bike rack crossing pavement bus stop
rubbish bin seats art gallery sports centre
swimming pool skate park department store apartment blocks

Cities with art at their heart

In the past, the only place to find colour and design was in an 1. _________. But now
design is coming to the streets …When you wait at the 2. _________ on your daily
journey to school, you can admire the artwork painted on the side. The end of a cycle ride
can make you smile with a 3. _________ that looks like a comb. Even the grey concrete
4. _________ we walk on is changing. As you go along, you can see 3D art, adverts and
even poetry. And 5. _________ in the street don’t have to be made of wood, all brown
and boring. Now places to sit appear in a variety of shapes, colours and sizes. Buildings
are becoming more interesting, too. Imagine shopping in a futuristic 6. _________ like
Selfridges in Birmingham! And which of the 7. _________ below do you prefer?