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C++

C++ is a high-performance, compiled programming language developed as an extension of C, supporting object-oriented programming principles. It features various data types, operators, control structures, and allows for the creation of classes and objects, along with inheritance and polymorphism. The document provides a basic overview of C++ syntax, program structure, and essential concepts for developing applications.

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6 views

C++

C++ is a high-performance, compiled programming language developed as an extension of C, supporting object-oriented programming principles. It features various data types, operators, control structures, and allows for the creation of classes and objects, along with inheritance and polymorphism. The document provides a basic overview of C++ syntax, program structure, and essential concepts for developing applications.

Uploaded by

chirag.hhs.7887
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ntroduction to C++

What is C++?
C++ is a high-performance, compiled, and general-purpose programming language that
was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C programming language.
Features of C++
Object-oriented programming: C++ supports the principles of object-oriented
programming (OOP), such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
Compiled language: C++ code is compiled into machine code before execution, making
it faster than interpreted languages.
General-purpose programming: C++ can be used for a wide range of applications,
including operating systems, games, web browsers, and more.
Basic Syntax of C++
-------------------------
Variables: In C++, a variable is a name given to a memory location that stores a
value.
Data Types: C++ has various data types, including integers, floating-point numbers,
characters, and more.
Operators: C++ has various operators for performing arithmetic, comparison,
logical, and assignment operations.
Basic C++ Program Structure
---------------------------------
C++
#include <iostream>

int main() {
// Code to be executed
std::cout << "Hello, World!";
return 0;
}
Variables and Data Types in C++
---------------------------------------
Integers: int data type is used to store whole numbers.
Floating-point numbers: float and double data types are used to store decimal
numbers.
Characters: char data type is used to store single characters.
Operators in C++
---------------------
Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, %, etc.
Comparison operators: ==, !=, >, <, >= , <=
Logical operators: &&, ||, !
Assignment operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=, etc.
Control Structures in C++
--------------------------------
Conditional statements: if, if-else, switch
Loops: for, while, do-while
Functions in C++
----------------------
Function declaration: A function is declared using the function-name and function-
parameters.
Function definition: A function is defined using the function-name, function-
parameters, and function-body.
Arrays and Vectors in C++
------------------------------
Arrays: A collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous memory
locations.
Vectors: A dynamic array that can resize itself automatically when elements are
added or removed.
Classes and Objects in C++
--------------------------------
Classes: A blueprint or template that defines the properties and behavior of an
object.
Objects: An instance of a class that has its own set of attributes (data) and
methods (functions).
Inheritance in C++
----------------------
Inheritance: The process by which one class can inherit the properties and behavior
of another class.
Polymorphism in C++
-----------------------
Polymorphism: The ability of an object to take on multiple forms, depending on the
context in which it is used.
Exception Handling in C++
------------------------------
Try-catch block: A block of code that is used to handle exceptions that may occur
during the execution of a program.
This is a basic overview of the C++ programming language. With practice and
experience, you can become proficient in C++ and develop a wide range of
applications.

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