HARAMAYA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL SCIENCE

DEPARTEMENT OF EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE NURSING

FIRST AID & ACCIDENT PREVENTION FINAL EXAM FOR 2ND PEDIATRICS AND
CHILD HEALTH NURSING STUDENTS 2025

Total weight: 50%

Time allowed: 1:30minute.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

1. The Exam Has 40 Multiple Choice Question (Only ONE parts).

2. Make sure that an exam booklet has FIVE (5) pages including this cover page.
3. Cheating or any attempt for cheating will NULLIFY your exam results.
4. Switch off your phone and put it under your seat.
5. Write your ANSWERS on the answer sheet provided only (Use UPPER CASE).
6. Write your NAME & ID. Number on both COVER PAGE & ANSWER SHEET.
7. Do Not Detach the Answer Sheet

Name: _____________________.sex:____. ID No______________ Department: ___________

SET BY BEYENE F
DO YOUR BEST!!!

HARAR, ETHIOPIA

FIRST AID & ACCIDENT PREVENTION FINAL EXAM

Part I. True / False

1. A dressing is used to secure a bandage in place and to apply pressure to bleeding wounds. False
2. Back blows is inward and upward thrusts just above the navel, used in combination with back blows
to force the object out of the airway when a person is choking. False
3. During abdominal injury, the first aid care can replace protruding intestines or abdominal organs in
side and cover with sterile dressings. False
4. Compression-only CPR is a CPR technique that involves giving continuous chest compressions,
with no rescue breaths. True
5. A hard blow to the head can injure the brain or spinal cord even when there are no visible signs of
trauma to the scalp or face. True
Part II. Match each term with the correct definition

A. Cardiac arrest B. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation C. Choking D. Respiratory arrest

E. Respiratory distress F. Anatomical airway obstruction G. Concussion H. First aid I. Contusion

J. Internal bleeding K. Tourniquet L. External bleeding M. Open wound N. Closed wound

1. ____The escape of blood from an artery, vein or capillary into spaces inside the body
2. ____Occurs when the airway is blocked by the tongue or swollen tissues of the mouth and throat
3. ____Injury resulting in tissue damage beneath the skin’s surface, while the skin remains intact
4. ____Condition that results when the heart stops beating or weakly to circulate blood
5. ____Condition in which breathing stops
6. ____Condition in which breathing becomes difficult
7. ____Blockage of the airway that prevents air from reaching a person’s lungs
8. ____A tight band placed around an arm or leg to constrict blood vessels in order to stop blood flow
to a wound
9. ____A temporary loss of brain function caused by a blow to the head
10. ____A combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths

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Part III: Choose the best answer from the given alternatives and write your answers on the
answer sheet provided.

1. What is the primary purpose of First Aid?

A. To provide long-term medical care
B. To diagnose medical conditions
C. To give immediate and temporary care
D. To replace medical professionals
2. First aid such as moving a patient away from any cause of harm, applying pressure to stop a
bleed and immobilizing the fractured bone is an example of_____
A. Preserve (sustain) life B. Prevent any further injury C. Promotes recovery D. All
3. What is a role of First Aid?
A. To fill the gap until professional help arrives
B. To diagnose the illness
C. To provide long-term care
D. To replace medical professionals
4. It is a bridge that fills the gap between the victim and the physician.
A. Roles of First Aid
B. Objectives of First Aid
C. Characteristics of a Good First Aider
D. Principles of First Aid
5. What is this characteristic of a good first Aider that makes the best use of things at hand?
A. Tactful
B. observant
C. resourceful
D. sympathetic
6. When a first aider does not alarm victim, what characteristic does he/she show?
A. OBSERVANT
B. RESOURCEFUL
C. TACTFULNESS
D. GENTLE
7. To prevent further injury
A. Roles of First Aid
B. Objectives of First Aid
C. Characteristics of a Good First Aider
D. Principles of First Aid
8. Which is the most dangerous type of bleeding?
A. Capillary
B. Arterial
C. Venous
D. None of them are dangerous

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9. What is the universal sign for choking?
A. hands on hips
B. arms folded across chest
C. hold both arms over the head
D. holding the neck with both hands
10. Among the most commercially available bandages, which one is commonly used to treat muscle
sprains and strains, restrict swelling at the site of injury, treat bone fractures, and can be cleaned/
laundered and used repeatedly?
A. Gauze bandage B. Elastic bandage C. Triangular bandage D. Bandage of Muslin
11. Which of the following statements is not true regarding about dressing? It should be-
A. Restrict blood flow to the rest of the limb
B. Sterile and just large enough to cover the wound.
C. Sufficient to stem bleeding from the majority of minor wounds.
D. None of the above
12. It is the simplest roller bandaging technique and is mostly used on parts of the body with
uniform circumference, such as the leg, forearm, or finger.
A. Figure of eight B. Spiral C. Circular D. Fingertip bandages
13. Out of the following, which is true about triangular bandages?
A. Are useful as an emergency cover the entire scalp, foot or any large areas
B. Used as a sling for fracture of the arm
C. Can be used as a circular, spiral or figure of eight bandage
D. All of the above
14. Which one of the following is NOT the main purpose of the Heimlich procedure?
A. To treat and prevent shock B. To treat the absence of a victim breathing
C. To treat an insufficient breathing D. All of the above
15. An 8-month-old infant is eating and suddenly begins to cough. The infant is unable to make any
noise shortly after. You pick up the infant and shout for help. You have determined that the
infant is responsive and choking with a severe airway obstruction. How do you relieve the
airway obstruction?
A. Give abdominal thrusts
B. Give sets of 5 back slaps and 5 chest thrusts
C. Begin 2 thumb-encircling hands chest compressions
D. Encourage the infant to cough
16. A 53 year old man suddenly collapses and becomes unresponsive. You witness him collapse and
are the first rescuer to arrive at the scene. You find him lying motionless on the floor. Which is
the first action you should take in this situation
A. Start high-quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions
B. Verify that the scene is safe for you and the victim
C. Activate the emergency response system
D. Start providing rescue breaths
17. Which one of the following bandages used at joint areas?
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 A. Figure of eight B. Spiral C. Circular D. Fingertip bandages
18. Which of the following statements is not correct concerning blunt injury to the eye or contusion
first aid measures and emergency care?
A. Gently apply a cold compress to the eye to reduce swelling and help stop bleeding.
B. Avoid the patients to keep lying flat on back to prevent eye fluid from draining out
C. Do not apply pressure to the eye to control bleeding.
D. If blood is pooling in the eye, cover both eyes with a clean cloth or sterile dressing.
19. Except one, all are signs and symptoms of chest injuries.
A. The patient has difficulty in breathing C. The patient has rapid and weak pulse
B. The patient able to expand one or both sides of chest D. The patient has tracheal deviation
20. A skull fracture, which is a break in a cranial bone resembling a thin line, without splintering,
depression, or distortion of bone, is___
A. Simple fracture C. Linear skull fracture
B. Depressed skull fracture D. Compound fracture
21. A 53-year-old man suddenly collapses and becomes unresponsive. You witness him collapse and
are the first rescuer to arrive at the scene. You find him lying motionless on the floor.Which is
the first action you should take in this situation?
a. Activate the emergency response system
b. Start high-quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions.
c. Start providing rescue breaths.
d. Verify the scene is safe for you and the victim.
22. You feel a sudden sharp pain in the bottom of your left foot. You look at the bottom of your left
shoe and see a tack sticking in your shoe. What type of wound do you probably have?
A. Avulsion B. Bruise C. Scrape D. Puncture

Is a type of open wound that’s caused by the skin rubbing against a rough surface. It may be called a
scrape or a graze. When an abrasion is caused by the skin sliding across hard ground, it may be called
road rash.

Abrasion

23. Which of the following is not a first-aid measure for a perforated ear?
A. Clean the ear and stop the flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the ear
B. Put a small gauze or cotton loosely in the outer ear canal for protection
C. Do not insert instrument or any kind of liquid in to the ear canal
D. Turn the victim on to his injured side to allow fluid to drain away
24. A 30-year-old man arrives at the emergency room with an abdominal injury. He had pale,
clammy skin, bleeding wounds, visible protruded organs, and open wounds. Which first aid
treatments should you avoid for this patient?
A. Position victim flat on back
B. Replace protruding intestines or abdominal organs and cover with sterile dressings
C. Hold the dressing in place with a firm bandage

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 D. Support the abdomen while cough and vomiting
25. Injuries of the abdomen are particularly dangerous because of the risk of damage to internal
organs, including all, except one.
A. Liver and spleen B. kidneys C. Skin D. Blood vessels

26. What is a puncture wound?

A. When something rubs against the skin
B. A cut by a sharp object
C. Part of the skin is partially or completely torn away
D. A pointed object pierces the skin
27. The client with a dressing covering the neck is experiencing some respiratory difficulty. What is
the nurse’s best first action?
A. Administer oxygen. C. Loosen the dressing.
B. Notify the emergency team. D. Document the observation as the only action
28. Which one of the following is NOT the purpose of dressing and bandaging?
A. To assist the control of bleeding B. To absorb blood and wound secretions
C. To aggravates the pain D. To prevent additional contaminations

29. All are the first aid measures and Emergency cares for a patient with foreign body in the eye,
EXCEPT:
A. Remove objects using match stick, tooth picks or other instruments
B. Use cotton swabs, tweezers, or anything else on the eye itself.
C. Allow water to flow from outer to inner canthus. D. All of the above.
30. All are the first aid measures and Emergency cares for perforated eardrum, EXCEPT
A. Don't clean the ear C. Don't stop the flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the ear
B. Turn the victim on to his uninjured side. D. Do not insert any kind of liquid in to the ear canal
31. Which one of the following is the abdominal Solid organ most susceptible to injury by the type
of structure that is damaged is the____
A. Spleen B. Small intestine C. Esophagus D. Stomach E. All of the above
32. While dining out in a restaurant you hear a mother cry out that her six-month-old child, who was
given some marbles by an older child, is gagging. His mouth area is turning blue and he’s unable
to take a breath or cry out. What would you do first in this scenario?
A. Begin CPR B. Attempt rescue breaths then compressions
C. Deliver back blows and chest thrusts D. Blind finger Sweep
33. What steps would you take to control bleeding from a nosebleed?
A. Sit casualty down, lean forward and pinch soft part of nose.

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 B. Sit casualty down, lean backward and pinch soft part of nose.
C. Lie casualty down and pinch soft part of nose.
D. Lie casualty down and pinch top of nose.
34. What is the main purpose of the Heimlich Procedure?
A. To remove a blockage in the victim air way
B. To treat the absence of a victim breathing
C. To treat an insufficient breathing
D. To re- locate ( move) the patient
35. In which level of consciousness the casualty can be roused with difficulty and aware by painful
stimuli? A. Drowning B. Stupor C. Coma D. Drowsiness
36. A 30 years old woman is choking on a piece of meat, but is conscious and coughing forcefully,
what should you do for her?
A. Slap her on the back until she coughs up the object. B. Give abdominal thrusts.
C. Encourage her to continue coughing. D. Perform a check at the back of the throat.
A. Slap her on the back until she coughs up the object. B. Give abdominal thrusts. C. Encourage
her to continue coughing. D. Perform a check at the back of the throat.
37. You have tried to control a victim bleeding with direct pressure and elevation, but the bleeding
doesn’t stop. Where would you apply pressure to slow the flow of blood to a wound on the
forearm?
A. Outside the arm midway between the shoulder and the elbow B. On the inside of the elbow
C. Inside the arm midway between the shoulder and the elbow D. Any of the above will slow the
flow of blood
38. What is the current recommended ratio of chest compressions to rescue breathing during CPR
for adults? A. 15: 2 B. 2:30 C. 5:1 D. 30: 2
39. A symptom is defined as A. What you as a first aider can see B. What the casualty says s/he is
feeling is worsen C. What the first aider suspects, the casualty is suffering from D. All of the
above
40. A wound where there is damage to the soft tissue and blood vessels under the skin is
called_____ A graze B. A cut C. A bruise D. A stab
41. What do you do if an infant is choking and while trying to assist them they become
unresponsive?
A. leaves the infant to get help B. do a blind finger sweep
C. begin CPR D. do abdominal thrusts
42. If a patient has an airway obstruction and is not treated immediately, irreversible brain death
occurs within _ A. 4-6 seconds, B 4-6 minutes C, 10 minutes D. 10 seconds
43. Which one of the following is NOT the a common cause or triggers of Asthma A. House dust, B.
Exercise, C. Tobacco smoke and cold D. none
44. When helping an unconsciousness chocking victim, you would give an adult chest thrust, for an
infant you would give back blow and chest thrusts respectively.
A. 3, 3, 3 B. 5, 3, 3 C. 5, 5, 5 D. 3, 5, 5

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45. The characteristic of a first aider that deals with handle a causality without causing unnecessary
pain and use appliances efficiently, effectively and quickly is called ______
A. Resourceful B. Tactful C. Dexterous D. Explicit E. Sympathetic
46. In which of the following the first aider gives real comfort and encouragement to the suffering,
first principles of humanity?
A. Persevering B. Tactful C. Dexterous D. Explicit E. Sympathetic
47. What should you NOT do before carrying out ‘abdominal thrusts’ on someone who is choking?
A. Tell the person who is choking to cough B. Lean the person who is choking backwards
C. Shout for help D. Up to 5 sharp back blows between the shoulder blades
48. Which is the purpose of CPR?
a. To keep a person’s airway open
b. To identify any immediate threats to life
c. To supply the vital organs with blood containing oxygen
d. All of the above
49. Care for people in respiratory distress always includes which of the following?
a. Helping the person rest in a comfortable position
b. Giving the person water to drink
c. Giving rescue breaths
d. Delivering abdominal thrusts
50. What should you do for a conscious infant who is choking and cannot cry, cough or breathe?
a. Give back blows and chest thrusts.
b. Give 1 rescue breath.
c. Give abdominal thrusts.
d. Lower the infant to the floor and open the airway.
51. After checking for consciousness, you determine that the person is unconscious. What should
you do next?
a. Have a bystander call 911 or the local emergency number.
b. Give 2 rescue breaths.
c. Check for breathing and severe bleeding.
d. Begin a check for non-life-threatening conditions.
52. When you give rescue breaths, how much air should you breathe into the person?
A. Enough to make the stomach clearly rise
B. Enough to make the chest clearly rise
C. Enough to fill the person’s cheeks
D. As much as you can breathe in 2 seconds
53. At the scene of a car crash, a person has blood seeping from his ears. Which should you do?
A. Loosely cover the ears with a sterile dressing.
B. Do nothing; this is a normal finding in a head injury.
C. Collect the fluid in a sterile container for analysis.
D. Pack the ears with sterile dressings to prevent further fluid loss.
54. Which is your primary concern when caring for an injury to the neck?
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A. Infection B. Airway obstruction C. swelling D. Scarring
55. Which one of the following statement is true about Contusions?
A. Caused by a blunt force trauma that damage tissue under the skin
B. Caused by a blunt force trauma that not damage tissue under the skin
C. Caused by a penetrating force trauma that damage tissue under the skin
D. None of the above
56. Which statement applies to all open wounds?
A. They always bleed heavily.
B. They are at risk for infection.
C. They must always be cleaned immediately before bleeding is controlled.
D. They are life threatening.
57. A 6-year-old girl falls on a sharp object. The object is sticking out of her leg. What should you
do?
A. Allow the area to bleed freely.
A. Remove the object and control bleeding.
B. Wash the wound with soap and water.
C. Stabilize the object in the position in which you find it
58. What is the purpose of your initial check of the person?
A. To check for minor injuries
B. To determine whether any life-threatening conditions are present
C. To get consent from the person before giving care
D. To ask for information about the cause of the injury or illness
59. Which is the purpose of CPR?
A. To keep a person’s airway open
B. To identify any immediate threats to life
C. To supply the vital organs with blood containing oxygen
D. All of the above
60. What is the rate for performing chest compressions for a victim of any age
A. 30 compressions per minute
B. 50 compressions per minute
C. 80 compressions per minute
D. 100 compressions per minute
61. After you open the airway and pinch the nose of an unresponsive adult or child, which of the
following describes the best way to give mouth-to-mouth breaths?
A- Seal your mouth over the victim's mouth and give 2 breaths, watching for the chest rise
B- Put your mouth on the victim's mouth and give small puffs try to avoid making the chest rise
C- Put your mouth on the victim's mouth and give 1 slow breath over about 5 seconds
D- Put your mouth on the victim's mouth and give 5 slow breaths over about 2 seconds each,
watching for chest rise
62. How do you know when to start cycles of the chest compressions with breaths for an adult?

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 A. The victim has a pulse but is having trouble breathing
B. The victim is responsive but is complaining of chest pains and indigestion
C. The victim is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse
D. The victim is unresponsive but is breathing adequately
63. What is the best action to relieve severe choking in a responsive infant?
A. Kneel behind the infant and perform abdominal thrusts (perform the Heimlich maneuver)
B. Begin cycles of 5 back slaps, followed by 5 chest thrusts
C. Give 2 breaths, repositioning the airway after each breath
D. Start CPR immediately
1. When should the rescuer initially ensure that the scene is safe?
a. When the rescuer first sees a potential victim
b. After the rescuer activates the emergency response system
c. As emergency medical services arrive on the scene
d. None of the above

2. The 2010 AHA Guidelines for CPR and ECC recommend that to identify cardiac arrest in
an unresponsive victim with no breathing (or no normal breathing), a healthcare provider
should check a pulse for no more than
a. 25 seconds
b. 10 seconds
c. 15 seconds
d. 20 seconds

3. Which of the following victims need CPR?

a. A victim with a pulse and who is having trouble breathing
b. A victim who is unresponsive, no normal breathing and absent/ inadequate pulse
c. A victim who is unresponsive but is breathing adequately
d. All of the above

4. Where the hands should be placed to perform chest compressions on an adult?

a. On the lower half of the breastbone
b. In the center of the breastbone
c. On the upper portion of the abdomen
d. On the upper half of the breastbone

5. Why is it important to compress to the appropriate depth during CPR?

a. Adequate depth of compression is needed to create blood flow during compressions
b. Adequate depth of compression is needed to create air flow into the lungs and adequate
oxygenation
c. Adequate depth of compression is needed to prolong asystole

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 d. Adequate depth of compression is needed to stimulate spontaneous respirations

6. After the airway is opened, which of the following correctly states the proper technique for
delivering mouth-to-mouth ventilation?
a. The rescuer opens the airway, seals their mouth over the victim’s mouth, pinches
the victim’s nose closed, and gives 2 breaths while watching for the chest to rise
b. The rescuer opens the airway, seals their mouth over the victim’s mouth, and gives
several small puffs while trying to avoid making the chest rise
c. The rescuer opens the airway, seals their mouth over the victim’s mouth, and gives 1
slow breath for a duration of 5 seconds
d. The rescuer opens the airway, seals their mouth over the victim’s mouth, and gives 5
slow breaths, each with a duration of 2 seconds, while watching for the chest to rise

7. When a child has a pulse rate greater than 70 per minute, but is not breathing effectively,
the rescuer should
a. Give breaths and compressions
b. Give breaths without compressions
c. Give chest compressions without breaths
d. No need any interventions

8. If a victim of foreign body airway obstruction becomes unresponsive, the rescuer should
send someone to activate the emergency response system and immediately
a. Perform abdominal thrusts
b. Perform blind finger sweeps
c. Start CPR beginning with compressions
d. All are correct
9. The recommended depth of compressions for an infant is
a. At least one fourth the depth of the chest, approximately 5cm
b. At least one third the depth of the chest, approximately 4 cm
c. At least one half the depth of the chest, approximately 4cm
d. At least two thirds the depth of the chest, approximately >5 cm

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 Part IV Essay (make your hand writing readable)
1. Describe how to control severe external bleeding. (5%)
2. List four causes of choking in children. (3%)
3. As a first aider you, trying to help a conscious choking person who is much taller than you and
you having trouble finding the correct landmarks for back blows and abdominal thrusts? In this
situation what do you do first? You can then? (2%)
4. You are on a camping trip, and your friend kebede is starting to clean a fish he caught for dinner.
Suddenly, the knife slips and cuts his arm deeply. While the blood does not come gushing out,
the blood does start to flow steadily from the wound. You are bothered a bit by the sight of it,
but you know you need to help. You take a deep breath, control your emotions and go to
kebede’s side. (5%)
A. From the description, would you suspect that kebede’s bleeding is a result of an injury to an
artery, a vein or capillaries? Why?
B. What precautions should you use to minimize the risk of disease transmission while giving
care?
5. You arrive at the local convenience store late Saturday night to satisfy your frozen yogurt
craving. As you enter, you notice drops of blood on the floor. A robbery/ stealing have just
occurred the store worker appears to have been beaten and stabbed. He is conscious but in
considerable pain and is having trouble breathing. You hear a sucking sound coming from his
chest when he breathes. (5%)
A. What type of injury does the person have?
B. Identify the sign and symptom that support your answer.
C. Describe the possible steps you would take to help this person.

Part VI Bonus (2%)

1. Good Samaritan laws: laws that protect people against claims of negligence when they give
emergency care in good faith without accepting anything in return

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 HARAMAYA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF EMERGENCY & CRITICAL CARE NURSING
ANSWER SHEET (FIRST AID & ACCIDENT PREVENTION FINAL EXAM), Jan, 2025
NAME: -_______________________________
ID No: -________________

PART I: - MCQs
1. 16. 31.
2. 17. 32.
3. 18. 33.
4. 19. 34.
5. 20. 35.
6. 21. 36.
7. 22. 37.
8. 23. 38.
9. 24. 39.
10 25. 40.
.
11 26.
.
12 27.
.

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13 28.
.
14 29.
.
15 30.
.

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