2024 UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP

APPLICATION PROGRAM

Science 4. Which of the following statements

Instructions: Select the letter of the is/are true regarding conjugate pairs in
best answer and shade the appropriate acid-base reactions?
circle.
a. When a conjugate acid is weak, its
1. A researcher wanted to determine conjugate base is strong.
whether the density varies based on b. When a conjugate base is strong, its
temperature. He utilized copper as his conjugate acid is weak.
material and he found out that at 20oC, c. When a conjugate acid is strong, its
the density is 8.94g/cm3 then conjugate base is strong.
decreased to 8.91g/cm3 at 60oC. What d. both A and B are correct.
conclusion can be derived from this
experiment? 5. Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4), is a strong
acid that is utilized in many laboratory
a. There is a decrease in the mass of experiments as well as synthesis in
the metal when heated. organic chemistry. How many ionization
b. The metal contracted as the stages does sulfuric acid undergo
temperature increased. before it completely ionizes when it is
c. The mass of the metal decreased placed in H2O?
due to increased temperature.
d. The metal expanded. a. 4 ionization stages
b. 3 ionization stages
2. In a certain laboratory, a student c. 2 ionization stages
wanted to increase the rate of the d. 1 ionization stage
evaporation of water in a controlled
temperature setup. Which of the For items 6-8
following would significantly help in A student observed the reaction
increasing the rate of evaporation? between Substance X and Substance
Y. It yields two products, Substance A
a. Increasing atmospheric pressure. and Substance B. He observed that the
b. Increasing the surface area of the substance Y, which acts as the acid in
liquid. the forward reaction is more acidic than
c. Doing the experiment in a humid Substance A that acts as the acid in the
temperature. backward reaction.
d. Both A and B are correct.
X+Y A+B
3. Which of the following molecular
geometry of atom X which has 3 6. Based on the chemical reaction
bonding pairs and 1 lone pair? above, which of the following factors
greatly influenced the position of
a. Trigonal bipyramidal equilibrium in the reaction?
b. Trigonal pyramidal
c. Bent a. Difference in the acidity of the acid in
d. Linear reactant and products.
b. Difference in the strength of the mass. Use C = 12 g/mol, H = 1 g/mol,
bases between the base in the reactant O = 16 g/mol.
and product.
c. Difference in the masses of the a. 3.33 c. 33.3
products formed and the reactants. b. 0.33 d. .033
d. A and B only
12. Combustion, which is an important
7. From this given information, where is process in Chemistry, releases the
the position of the equilibrium? chemical energy stored in the chemical
bonds of the fuels. Which of the
a. right, producing more product following is the correct order of
b. left, producing more reactant coefficients in the balanced equation for
c. doe not move/change the combustion of ethane
d. insufficient information
C2H6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
8. What conclusion can be derived from
the observation above? a. 2, 7, 4, 6 c. 1, 3, 4, 6
b. 4, 14, 8, 12 d. 7, 2, 4, 6
a. Difference in the acidity is a factor
which affects position of the equilibrium 13. Glucose, C6H12O6, is broken down
in a chemical reaction. inside our bodies to supply needed
b. The equilibrium favors the side where energy for growth and continuous
the weaker acid is placed. functions of our organs. The equation
c. The equilibrium favors the side where wherein glucose is broken down is as
the stronger acid is placed. follows
d. A and B are correct.
C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
9. Which of the following is considered
as a Lewis Acid? Which of the following statements is
true?
a. FeCl3 c. NH3
b. AlCl3 d. Both A and B a. 6 grams of CO2 is produced with
every 1 gram of C6H12O6.
10. How many nitrogen atoms are b. 1 mole of C6H12O6 consumed to
present in 34g of NH3, which is used as produce 6 moles of CO2.
a fertilizer in animal feed and in the c. It requires 6CO2 molecules to
manufacture of polymers? The molar completely react 1 mole of C6H12O6.
mass of ammonia is 17g/mol. d. All of the above are correct.

a. 1.20 x 1024 c. 5.10 x 1023 14. Referring to the previous question,

b. 4.82 x 1023 d. 4.21 x 1023 if an average person intakes about 560
grams of glucose every week, how
11. Calculate the mole fraction of much oxygen molecule is needed to
Carbon in a certain compound if it is degrade the glucose into carbon
composed of 41.92% carbon, 3.58% dioxide and water? (C6H12O6 = 180
hydrogen, and 54.50% oxygen by g/mol, O = 16 g/mol).
a. 298.67 g oxygen molecule a. 97.59% c. 98.83%
b. 597.33 g oxygen molecule b. 97.43% d. 98.47%
c. 16.59 g oxygen molecule
d. 99.56 g oxygen molecule 18. Which of the equations best
represent the reaction in the two figures
For item 15 – 17: below? Legend: A = Blue, B = Yellow, C
A chemist wanted to synthesize urea = Red, D = Green.
through NH3 and CO2 to be utilized as
fertilizer in their farm. Arriving at this
laboratory, he saw that only 532 grams
of ammonia and 1142 grams of carbon
dioxide were left for him to use. (N = 14
g/mol, H = 1g/mol, C = 12 g/mol, O = 16
g/mol). a. 8A + 4B → C + D
Chemical equation: b. 2A + B → C + D
NH3 + CO2 → (NH2)2CO + H2O c. 2A + 4B → C + D
d. 4A + 8B → 4C + 4D
15. Would the ammonia left in his
laboratory be sufficient enough to For items 19 – 20:
produce at least 1kg of urea? Consider the following atoms:
Number Atom Ion
a. Yes, since the maximum yield would 1 F F-
be 937.27 g of urea. 2 Cl Cl-
b. No, since the maximum yield would 3 I I-
be 938.82 g of urea. 4 Br Br-
c. Yes, since the maximum yield would
be 925.52 g of urea. 19. Which of the following
d. No, since the maximum yield would arrangements are correct when
be 928.82 g of urea. arranging the atoms from the lowest to
highest electronegativity?
16. Relating to the scenario above,
which of the following statements is a. 1, 2, 3, 4 c. 3, 2, 4, 1
incorrect? b. 4, 3, 2, 1 d. 3, 4, 2, 1

a. There is enough carbon dioxide to 20. Which of the following is the correct
react all the ammonia in the synthesis order of decreasing atomic radius of the
reaction above. atoms above?
b. Ammonia determines the maximum
yield in the given scenario. a. 3, 4, 2, 1 c. 3, 2,4, 1
c. 1 mole of carbon dioxide b. 1, 4, 3, 2 d. 1, 4, 2, 3
corresponds to 1 mole of ammonia.
d. All statements are correct. 21. Iodine anion is considered as the
weakest base among the four atoms in
17. Giving an actual yield of 914.65 g, the table in the previous page. This is
what is the percent yield of the due to which of the following reasons
reaction? below?
a. Large atomic radius of iodine following are examples of such a
disperses the negative charge within relationship?
the atom, thus it becomes stable and
least reactive as base. a. Garden slugs clean up plant matter
b. It has the strongest electronegativity. to pave way for earthworms to dig
It can bear the negative charge thus under the soil.
becomes stable and least reactive as b. Interaction of antibiotics to a petri
base. dish containing two different bacteria.
c. It has the strongest intermolecular c. Algae manufacturing food for itself
force of attraction among the four and fungi.
anions/atoms. d. Both A and C are examples of
d. Both A and C are correct. protocooperation.

22. What type of adaptation involves 26. This refers to the change in the
the metabolism of an organism? An genetic make within a group of
example is the ability of spiders to organisms over an extended period of
synthesize silk for webbing. time.

a. Physiological Adaptation a. Evolution

b. Structural Adaptation b. Mutation
c. Camouflage c. Genetic Dominance
d. Warning Coloration d. Genetic Revolution

23. What type of relationship is 27. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the

observed when a barnacle attaches to genetic material possessed by cellular
the shells of marine mollusks and organisms and viruses. DNA denotes
turtles? the absence of one ___ atom?

a. Commensalism a. Nitrogen c. Oxygen

b. Competition b. Hydrogen d. Carbon
c. Parasitism
d. Mutualism 28. In the scenario wherein an
e. None of these oogonium divides in the process of
oogenesis, which of the following
24. A student on a field trip spotted statements is true:
some pineapples in a plantation of
papaya. What type of relationship is a. Each of the daughter cells will have
exhibited in this scenario? exactly half of the chromosomes the
parent cell has.
a. Mutualism c. Parasitism b. The parent and the daughter cells
b. Commensalism d. Neutralism have exactly the same number of
chromosomes.
25. Protocooperation is the relationship c. The chromosomes in the daughter
between two populations which is cells would be twice the number of that
favorable but both of them do not of the parent cell.
depend on each other. Which of the
d. The chromosomal division cannot be biological organization from the
predicted in this process. simplest to the most complex level?

29. Wine is made up of ethanol which is a. Organelle, tissue, ecosystem,

produced under the process of biosphere, population, organism
fermentation. This type of respiration is b. Cell, biosphere, population,
called anaerobic respiration. Which of community, organ, molecule
the following is/are characteristic/s of c. Molecule, cell, organ system,
anaerobic respiration? population, ecosystem, biosphere
d. Ecosystem, organ system,
a. Occurs usually with microorganisms. ecosystem, population, cell, molecule
b. This is more common with plants and
animals than with microorganisms. 33. Among the choices below, which is
c. Yields a lower number of ATP when not true about the deoxyribonucleic
compared to ATP produced in acid (DNA) and cell composition?
anaerobic respiration.
d. Both A and C are correct. a. Every cell is enclosed by a certain
membrane.
30. Which of the following describes the b. Each cell has genetic information.
function of lysosome inside the cell? c. All organisms have cells with its
nucleus enclosed by a membrane.
a. It contains digestive enzymes which d. DNA is a unit of heredity transferred
degrades extracellular internalized by by the parents to their offspring.
the cell and worn-out organelles.
b. It helps in the transfer of ribosomes 34. Chloroplasts are organelles found
in other parts of the cells. in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that
c. It bundles macromolecules such as conduct photosynthesis. Chloroplasts
proteins as they are being synthesized absorb sunlight and convert it into
in the cell. which type of energy?
d. It is in charge in synthesizing
hormones and lipids. a. Energy of motion
b. Kinetic energy
31. Dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3) and c. Mechanical energy
ethanol (C2H5OH) have the same d. None of them
chemical formula yet they differ on how
each of the atoms are connected to 35. Producers are the primary source of
each other. What type of isomerism is energy of succeeding organisms in the
exhibited by the two molecules? food chain. Which of the following
sources do the producers obtain their
a. Functional Isomer energy from?
b. Stereoisomerism
c. Diasteriomerism a. Thermal Energy
d. Positional isomers b. Chemical Energy
c. Potential Energy
32. Which of the following denotes the d. Light Energy
correct order of the hierarchy of
36. In the vast majority of ecosystems, a. The experiment is incomplete due to
sunlight is the ultimate source of energy the fact that not all setups reached pH
and energy leaves the ecosystem in the change from 3-7.
form of heat. b. Vinegar reacts unpredictably with
organic rocks.
Is the statement above true? If not c. The different rock types vary in
replace the underline words with the chemical composition so some reacted
correct pair. to the acid.
d. All of these are correct.
a. It is true
b. Producers, heat 40. It is observed that it takes 10 Earth
c. Plants, heat hours for certain planet to complete a
d. Producers, consumers single day. Which best explains the
phenomenon?
37. Which of the following information is
true regarding prokaryotic and a. Planet X is denser than Earth.
eukaryotic cells? b. Planet X is nearer to the sun than
Earth.
a. Prokaryotic cells have a visible c. Planet X rotates more rapidly than
membrane-bound nucleus. Earth.
b. Prokaryotic cells have a cell d. All of the above
membrane that enclosed all organelles.
c. Eukaryotic cells lack a nucleus by a 41. In Toyang’s barangay, there is a
membrane. river that cuts deep into the Earth,
d. All of the statements above are true. wherein several layers A, B, C, D
(arranged from top to the bottom layer)
38. This protein acts as biological of different rocks are exposed. The
catalyst to bring about a certain oldest rock layer is likely to be layer.
biochemical reaction.
a. A c. C
a. Enzyme b. B d. D
b. Metabolites
c. Feedback activators 42. The density of Saturn is significantly
d. Feedback inhibitors lesser when compared to the Earth.
However, the diameter of Saturn is ten
39. A professor in Earth Science times of that of Earth. The disparity in
wanted to demonstrate the effect of the density of the two planets is due to
acid rain on certain types of rock using ____.
3 setups of beaker with vinegar solution
of pH 3.0. After some time, the pH of a. Earth is nearer to the sun.
each setup was tested. It was observed b. Earth has a shorter revolution around
that some setups maintained pH 3 the sun.
while others increased to pH 7. What c. Saturn being a gaseous planet.
can be best inferred from the d. Saturn has a ring around it.
experiment?
43. Geologists suggest that the Earth is c. Moon is nearer to the Earth than the
approximately 4.6 billion years old sun.
although no rock was found and dated d. The moon does not have its own
to reach more than 4 billion years old. light.
This discrepancy is most probably due
to the fact that the original crust of the 48. This is referred to the completely
Earth was ____. dark inner part of a shadow cast during
eclipses.
a. Blasted during the formation of the
earth. a. Umbra c. Apogee
b. Destroyed by solar radiation. b. Penumbra d. Perigee
c. Subjected to extensive erosion.
d. Just too difficult to measure precisely. 49. Which of the following refers to the
discontinuity between the mantle and
44. Radioisotope dating of the oldest the outer core?
lunar rock was found to be __ years old.
a. Gutenberg Discontinuity
a. 200, 000 c. 10 billion b. Mohorovicic Discontinuity
b. 13.5 billion d. 4.4 billion c. Lehman Discontinuity
d. Repiti Discontinuity
45. Prescence of photosynthetic
bacteria on Earth paved way to which 50. A student makes a setup to observe
of the following cycles below? the growth of a sunflower. The setup is
completely covered box with soil and a
a. Oxygen cycle large hole on the upper rights side of
b. Nitrogen fixation the box. After several weeks of
c. Anaerobic respiration observation, the flower was observed
d. Both A and B nearer to the hole in the box. This
phenomenon is called __.
46. Which of the following is the product
of the convergence of warm and cool air A. Phototropism
mass at the surface of the Earth? b. Thigmotropism
c. Geotropism
a. Winds die down. d. Hydrotropism
b. Cloud formation decreases.
c. Stormy weather patterns are
developed.
d. Both B and C

47. A tidal bulge caused by the moon’s

gravitational force is stronger than the
tidal bulge caused by the sun’s
gravitational force. This is due to

a. Sun has no gravitational force.

b. Sun is warmer.