A

MICRO PROJECT REPORT

ON

"Report on Vertical axis wind turbine"

SUBMITTED BY -

Roll no. Name Of Student

331 Akshay M. Vaghare
332 Prithvi A. Jadhav

333 Rupesh S. Kamble

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr. S. B. Dudhale

SEM-VI
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SANJAY GHODAWAT INSTITUTE, ATIGRE

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 Certificate
This is to certify that the Micro project work entitled

"Report on Vertical Axis Wind Turbine"

Has been successfully completed by
Roll no. Name Of Student
331 Akshay M. Vaghare
332 Prithvi A. Jadhva

333 Rupesh S. Kamble

In fulfillment for the

DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education
During the academic year 2024-25 under the guidance
of

Mr. S. B. Dudhale Mr. Y. S. Powar

Project Guide H.O.D
Dr. V. V. Giri
Principal
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

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 During the selection of topic entitled as “Report on Vertical Axis
Wind Turbine ”.
The help we received from our professors, family, and friends is
invaluable and we are forever indebted to them.We would first like to
express our gratitude to our Principal Dr. V. V. Giri Our HOD Mr.
Y. S. Powar and our Project Guide Mr. S. B. Dudhale for their
immense support, suggestion, encouragement and interest in our micro
project work. Without their invaluable suggestions our project selection
would be incomplete.
Last but not least, we would like to thank our friends, parents and
group members for their belief and patience in our endeavor.

Roll no. Name Of Student

331 Akshay M. Vaghare
332 Prithvi A. Jadhav

333 Rupesh S. Kamble

Date:

Place: Atigre

Academic Year 2024-25

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The project focuses on Design, Fabrication and Testing of a VAWT
(vertical Axis Wind Turbine) with external wind. The project is an
international ongoing research project and the phase we carried
out was concerned in shifting the design from Darrieus type to
Savonius type, which created the necessity of freshly designing all
the parts, increasing the torque and rpm of the VAWT by
implementing lightweight blades, make the whole structure
portable meanwhile maintaining the project within a very low-cost
range. The said objectives can be achieved by manipulating
theknowledge of Design of Machine element, fluid dynamics, and
Energy Technology.A major concern was fashioning the design to
enable the VAWT to operate with a maximumefficiency. Several
parameters were analyzed with respect to wind speed to
determine the best value for each parameter which would give the
highest efficiency, thus ensuring the maximum ultimate
performance of the VAWT. The parameters that were considered
for analyzing are the number of blades the rotor should have,
positioning of the blade (i.e. the distance from the shaft to blade
and the angle the blade creates with the shaft), the shape of the
deflector, and the angle of the deflector so as to generate the
highest efficiency.The fabrication of the VAWT was carried out
under few stages, namely the fabrication of rotor blades,
fabrication of main shaft with bearings and rotor blade support
frames, fabrication of support structure, fabrication of wind vane
unit, painting and assembling the structure.As the final step, the
VAWT was tested for its performance practically with digital
voltmeter and buck boost rectifier circuit, and the results were
recorded and then analyzed. The comparison between the two
displayed a significant increase in the energy extraction ability of
the VAWT from the wind.

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CH. NO. CHAPTER NAME PAGE NO.
1 6
Introduction
2 Introduction of refrigeration 7

Principle of Refrigeration
3 8
4 Classification of Refrigerators 9

5 5
Vapour compression refrigeration system
6 The main components of a domestic 12
refrigerator

7 Compressor 12

8 Condenser 8

9 Evaporator 15

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With populations increasing exponentially and our natural resources being
strained by increases in demand, it is more important than ever to invest in
renewable energy. Our consumption of fossil fuels as energy has been traced to
be a leading cause in environmental issues. The byproduct of fossil fuel
consumption is carbon dioxide, which has been named to be a primary
constituent leading to Global Warming. The amount of carbon dioxide that
someone or something produces is known as its “carbon footprint.” The media
has been focusing on this issue and many green movements have started to try
and reduce our “carbon footprint.” (Green Student U, 2008) There are only a few
types of energy that do not produce carbon dioxide. These are nuclear power and
renewable energy sources such as wind, solar and hydro power. Renewable
energy sources are the cleanest from of these sources, because there is no waste
formed as byproducts of these sources. Nuclear energy produces nuclear waste
which could take up to but not limited to 100 years until it can be disposed of
properly. Wind turbines have been used throughout the world to generate
electricity from off shore wind farms to residential smaller scale wind turbines.
(California Energy Commission, 2012).

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 Darrieus type VAWT
First patented in the year 1931 by Georges Jean Marie Darrieus, a French
aeronautical engineer, Darrieus type wind turbines are the most efficient
of all the VAWT. All the Darrieus type wind turbines are lift based i.e. the
rotor movement and the generation of electricity is caused by the lift
forces acting upon the blades. The advantage of using this type of model
is its simple construction and low cost. But there are certain problems
associated with these turbines such as low starting torque, build
integration, blade lift forces, and low efficiency. A 3 bladed Darrieus type
wind turbine is shown in Fig. 19 below.The work performed by various
people on small VAWT is very less when compared to that of small scale
HAWT. Much work on effect of various parameters on VAWT has not been
studied as that of HAWT. Hence this review mainly focuses on the
Numerical and Experimental studies done by various people on VAWT.

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Advantages :-

Simpler Construction and Maintenance:

No Need for Yaw Mechanism
Suitability for Smaller Spaces and Urban Areas
Low Noise Operation
Safer for Birds and Bats
Suitable for variable winds
Easier to transport and install
Maintenance and accessibility

Disadvantages :-

Lower Efficiency
Poor Self-Starting Capability
Maintenance and Design Challenges
Blade Material and Durability

Applications :-

Small-Scale Power Generation

Urban Environments
Hybrid Energy Systems
Offshore Applications
Highway Applications
Research and Development
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 Savonius type wind turbine
The Savonius type wind turbine is a very important
classification in the VAWT invented by the Finnish engineer
Sigurd Johannes Savonius. These turbines mainly operate on the
principle of drag force.A detailed review on the fluid dynamics
aspects of Savonius wind turbine has been done by Kang et al.
In this review flow patterns around Savonius wind rotors for
conventional and spiral blade profiles with distributions of static
pressures have been presented. Also optimal values of tip speed
ratio which represent the maximum power/torque coefficient for
various geometric shapes of Savonius wind rotors have been
associated. Roy and Saha have reviewed the numerical
investigations on the design and development of Savonius wind
rotors. A detailed study on various computational methods
which demonstrate the influence of various parameters on the
performance of Savonius wind turbines and their improvement
techniques have been presented.

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Advantages :-

Simple Design and Construction

Independent of Wind Direction
Good Starting Torque and Self-Starting
Good for Low Wind Areas

Disadvantages :-

Low Efficiency/Power Coefficient

Low Rotational Speed (Tip Speed Ratio)
Turbulence at Ground Level
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Lower Power Extraction
Drag-Driven Nature

Applications :-

Urban Areas and Isolated Context

Small-Scale Wind Farms
Household and Rural Applications
Telecom Towers

Conclusion

Even though we were able to make improvements to the

previous work that was handed down to our group, there
is a never ending process to always improve upon
inventions and new designs. Wind turbines are a start for
society to lessen the damage done to the earth by not
using energy sources that produces pollution. Hopefully
this project was able to advance research and testing on
VAWT systems and give insight for other groups to
complete further testing and improve efficiency and
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performance of vertical axis wind turbines.

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. References

• https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/project-report-on-vcr-system-with-liquid- suction-heat-exchanger/75717797

• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X23004707

• https://www.quora.com/How-it-works-vapour-compression-refrigeration-

• https://mechanical.anits.edu.in/PROJECT14-18/C7.pdf

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