A400-00
A400-00
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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A 400 – 69 (2000)
TABLE 1 Steels for Moderately Quenched Parts—Classes P-1 Through P-7
(Applicable to oil-quenching or equivalent rate of heat-removal.)
NOTE 1—Steels listed as approved for a certain section or strength may be used for lighter sections and lower strengths.
NOTE 2—Steel composition numbers correspond to SAE, AISI, or ASTM designations. Those in italics are no longer considered standard grades due
to decreased usage.
NOTE 3—An H-steel with the same grade designation as a standard SAE-AISI steel is capable of meeting the same section and strength requirements
as the standard steel (see ASTM Specification A 304), and is the preferred method of specification.
NOTE 4—Steels having a maximum carbon content of 0.40 % or over, or a hardness of HB 293 or over after heat-treating, are not recommended for
applications involving welding.
Class
P-1 P-2 P-3 P-4 P-5 P-6 P-7
and for various desired mechanical properties are listed in in Table 7. The steel compositions capable of developing the
Tables 1 and 2. various desired mechanical properties are listed in Tables 5 and
4.1.2 Classes Q-1 through Q-7 comprise bars for parts 6.
operating under moderate service conditions requiring moder-
ate to high yield strength (75 000 to 185 000 psi (517 to 1276 5. Applicable Procurement Specifications
MPa)), corresponding tensile-strength levels, and good ductil- 5.1 For procurement of steel, it is recommended that the
ity. The applicable section sizes, identified as Classes Q-1 following ASTM specifications of latest issue be used: Speci-
through Q-7, are shown in Table 7. The steel compositions fication A 108, Specification A 304, Specification A 311/
suitable for Classes Q-1 through Q-7 and various desired A 311M, Specification A 322, Specification A 633/ A 633M,
mechanical properties are listed in Tables 3 and 4. and Specification A 675/A 675M.
4.1.3 Classes R-1 through R-6 comprise bars for parts
requiring a lower yield strength (30 000 to 120 000 psi (207 6. Location at Which Desired Properties Are Obtained
to 827 MPa)), with fair to good ductility. The applicable 6.1 Classes P-1 Through P-7 and Q-1 Through Q-7—The
section sizes, identified as Classes R-1 through R-6, are shown mechanical properties shown in Tables 1-4 are based on
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A 400 – 69 (2000)
TABLE 2 Steels for Drastically Quenched Parts—Classes P-1 Through P-7
(Applicable to water-quenching or equivalent rate of heat-removal — See Note 5)
NOTE 1—Steels listed as approved for heavier sections or higher strengths may be used in the same conditions for lighter sections and lower strengths.
NOTE 2—Steel composition numbers correspond to ASE, AISI, or ASTM designations. Those in italics are no longer considered standard grades due
to decreased usage.
NOTE 3—An H-steel with the same grade designation as a standard SAE-AISI steel is capable of meeting the same section and strength requirements
as the standard steel (see ASTM Specification A 304), and is the preferred method of specification.
NOTE 4—Steels having a maximum carbon content of 0.40 % or over, or a hardness of HB 293 or over after heat-treating, are not recommended for
applications involving welding.
NOTE 5—Parts made of steel with a carbon content of 0.33 % or higher, where the section is under 1 1/2 in. (38.1 mm) should not be quenched in
water without careful exploration for quench-cracking.
Class
P-1 P-2 P-3 P-4 P-5 P-6 P-7
obtaining hardness test specimens from the locations shown in parallel faces from the surface for larger sections.
Fig. 1, A, B, and C. For bars, the location should be at least
twice the diameter or minimum distance between faces from an 7. Hardness Criteria for Quenched and Tempered Parts
end; and for flat sections, at least twice the thickness from an
7.1 Classes Q-1 Through Q-7—To obtain the properties
edge.
stated in 4.1.2 at the locations shown in Fig. 1, A, B, and C, a
6.2 Classes R-1 Through R-6—The mechanical properties
microstructure containing a minimum of 50 % martensite is
shown in Tables 5 and 6 are based on obtaining tension test
necessary.
specimens from the following locations:
6.2.1 Center of bars or plates under 11⁄2 in. (38.1 mm) in
8. Keywords
diameter or in distance between parallel surfaces, and
6.2.2 Mid-radius or a quarter of the distance between 8.1 steel bars
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A 400 – 69 (2000)
TABLE 3 Steels for Moderately Quenched Parts—Classes Q-1 Through Q-7
(Applicable to oil-quenching or equivalent rate of heat-removal.)
NOTE 1—Steels listed as approved for heavier sections or higher strengths may be used in the same conditions for lighter sections and lower strengths.
NOTE 2—Steel composition numbers correspond to ASE, AISI, or ASTM designations. Those in italics are no longer considered standard grades due
to decreased usage.
NOTE 3—An H-steel with the same grade designation as a standard SAE-AISI steel is capable of meeting the same section and strength requirements
as the standard steel (see ASTM Specification A 304), and is the preferred method of specification.
NOTE 4—Steels having a maximum carbon content of 0.40 % or over, or a hardness of HB 293 or over after heat-treating, are not recommended for
applications involving welding.
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A 400 – 69 (2000)
TABLE 4 Steels for Drastically Quenched Parts—Classes Q-1 Through Q-7
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A 400 – 69 (2000)
TABLE 5 Steels for Parts Manufactured From Hot RolledA and Cold DrawnB,C Bars—Classes R-1 Through R-6
NOTE 1—Steels listed as approved for heavier section or higher strengths may be used in the same conditions for lighter sections and lower strengths.
NOTE 2—Steel composition numbers correspond to ASE, AISI, or ASTM designations. Those in italics are no longer considered standard grades due
to decreased usage.
NOTE 3—Hot-rolled 1000 series steels with a maximum carbon content of 0.40 % only are approved for welding. Only cold-drawn 1000 series steels
used in the strength level and section thickness for which hot-rolled steels of the same composition are approved may be welded, and in this case caution
should be exercised to see that excessive grain growth does not occur in the heat-affected zone.
Class
R-1 R-2 R-3 and R-4 R-5 and R-6
Desired Minimum Diameters of Round or Approximately Round Sections, in.E
Yield Strength,
psiD To 1⁄2, incl Over 1⁄2 to 1, incl Over 1 to 2, incl Over 2 to 3, incl
E
Thickness of Flat Sections, in.
To 0.3, incl Over 0.3 to 0.6, incl Over 0.6 to 1.3, incl Over 1.3 to 2.0, incl
Over 30 000 to HR 1016 HR 1020 HR 1016 HR 1020 HR 1018 HR 1018
35 000, incl HR 1018 HR 1018 HR 1022 HR 1019 HR 1022
HR 1019 HR 1019 HR 1021 HR 1030
Over 35 000 to HR 1022 HR 1030 HR 1030 HR 1035
40 000, incl HR 1030 HR 1035 HR 1035
Over 40 000 to HR 1035 HR 1040 CD 1010 CD 1010 HR 1045
45 000, incl HR 1040 CD 1015
HR 1040
Over 45 000 to CD 1010 CD 1010 CD 1015 CD 1020 HR 1137
50 000, incl HR 1040 CD 1015 HR 1045 CD 1115
HR 1045 HR 1045 HR 1137 HR 1050
Over 50 000 to CD 1015 CD 1020 HR 1137 CD 1018 CD 1115 CD 1018 HR 1141
55 000, incl HR 1050 CD 1115 HR 1141 CD 1020 HR 1050 CD 1019 HR 1141
HR 1137 HR 1050 HR 1141 CD 1025
CD 1025 HR 1144
Over 55 000 to CD 1018 CD 1115 CD 1018 HR 1144 CD 1019 CD 1120 CD 1022 CD 1120
60 000, incl CD 1025 CD 1019 CD 1022 CD 1117
CD 1019 HR 1141 CD 1025 CD 1117 CD 1118
CD 1020 HR 1144
A
Hot-rolled bars are indicated in table by prefix “HR.”
B
Cold-drawn bars are indicated in table by prefix “CD.” These bars are produced by normal practice in cold-drawing and with no stress relief. Bars cold-finished by
turning, grinding, turning and polishing, etc., are not covered under cold-drawn bars, as such cold-finished bars have the properties of hot-rolled bars.
C
Classification of cold-drawn steels by size and yield-strength level in this table is based on yield-strength determinations at 0.2 % offset, or as determined by 0.005
in./in. elongation under load for yield strengths up to 90 000 psi, incl, and by 0.006 in./in. elongation under load for yield strengths above 90 000 psi.
D
1 psi = 0.006895 MPa.
E
1 in. = 25.4 mm.
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A 400 – 69 (2000)
TABLE 6 Steels for Parts Produced From Cold-Drawn and Cold-Drawn Stress-Relieved Bars—Classes R-1 Through R-6A,B
NOTE 1—Steels listed as approved for heavier section or higher strengths may be used in the same conditions for lighter sections and lower strengths.
NOTE 2—Steel composition numbers correspond to ASE, AISI, or ASTM designations. Those in italics are no longer considered standard grades due
to decreased usage.
NOTE 3—Steels in conditions listed in this table are not approved for applications involving welding.
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A 400 – 69 (2000)
FIG. 1 Locations in Typical Cross Sections of Steel Bars at Which Desired Properties Are Obtained
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