Excel

1. What is Excel ?
MS Excel is a commonly used Microsoft Office application. It is a
spreadsheet program which is used to save and analyze numerical
data.

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2. What can a spreadsheet do?
In contrast to a word processor, which manipulates text, a spreadsheet
manipulates numerical data and text. Using a spreadsheet, one can

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create budgets, analyze data, produce financial plans, and perform
various other simple and complex numerical applications.
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3. What is a cell in Excel?
A cell is the intersection of a row and a column in an Excel worksheet.
Each cell is identified by a unique reference, such as A1, B2, or C3.
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4. How do you freeze panes in Excel?

To freeze panes, go to the "View" tab and select "Freeze Panes." You
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can choose to freeze the top row, first column, or a specific row and
column.

5. Explain the difference between a workbook and a worksheet.

A workbook is the entire Excel file, while a worksheet is a single tab
within the workbook. A workbook can contain multiple worksheets.

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 6. Important Excel shortcuts
Ctrl + P used to open the print dialogue window
Ctrl + N creates a new workbook
Ctrl + S saves the current workbook
Ctrl + C copy contents of current select
Ctrl + V paste data from the clipboard
SHIFT + F3 displays the function insert dialog window
SHIFT + F11 Creates a new worksheet

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F2 Check formula and cell range covered

7. Advantages of Excel:

ns● Best way to store data.

● You can perform calculations.
● All the tools for data analysis.
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● Easy to data visualizations with charts.
● You can print reports easily.
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● So many free templates to use.

● You can code to automate.
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8. Disadvantages of Excel:
Lack of control and security.
Excel is prone to human error.
Excel is hard to consolidate.
Excel is unsuitable for agile business practices.
Excel can't help us make quick decisions.

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 Excel is not designed for collaborative work.
Excel is difficult to troubleshoot or test.

9. Application of Excel
Organizations use Microsoft Excel for the following:
● collection and verification of business data;
● business analysis;
● data entry and storage;

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● data analysis;
● performance reporting;
● strategic analysis;

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● accounting and budgeting;
● administrative and managerial management;
Functions of excel:
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AutoSum;
IF function;
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LOOKUP function;
VLOOKUP function;
HLOOKUP function;
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MATCH function;
CHOOSE function;
DATE function;

11. What is VLOOKUP in Excel ?

Vlookup is one of Excel's built-in functions.

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 The function is used when you want to find a value in the left- hand
column of a vertical array of data, and return the corresponding value
from another column in the same array.

12. What is a function in Excel, and how is it different from a

formula?
A function is a predefined operation in Excel that performs a specific
calculation, such as SUM, AVERAGE, or IF. A formula is a user-defined

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calculation that can include functions, cell references, and operators.

13. How do you sum a range of numbers in Excel?

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To sum a range of numbers, you can use the SUM function. For
example, =SUM(A1:A10) would add up the numbers in cells A1 through
A10.
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14. VLOOKUP function :
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The VLOOKUP function is used to perform a vertical look up in the left

most column and return a value in the same row from a column that you
specify.
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Let’s explain this in a layman’s language. The home supplies budget

has a serial number column that uniquely identifies each item in the
budget. Suppose you have the item serial number, and you would like
to know the item description, you can use the VLOOKUP function
Here is how the VLOOKUP function would work.

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=VLOOKUP (C12, A4:B8, 2, FALSE)
HERE,
"=VLOOKUP" calls the vertical lookup function
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"C12" specifies the value to be looked up in the left most column

"A4:B8" specifies the table array with the data
"2" specifies the column number with the row value to be returned by
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the VLOOKUP function

"FALSE," tells the VLOOKUP function that we are looking for an exact
match of the supplied look up value
The animated image below shows this in action

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 15. Pivot Table:
A Pivot Table in Excel is a data analysis tool that helps you summarize
and analyze large datasets. You create it by selecting your data and
specifying how you want to organize and analyze it. Pivot Tables are
valuable for tasks like generating reports and gaining insights from
extensive data. They allow you to filter, sort, and aggregate data in a
structured format.

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16. Using a Pivot Table:
● Pivot Table Fields: You'll see a new worksheet with a Pivot Table
Fields pane on the right. Here, you can drag and drop the fields

ns into various areas:

● Rows: This area is for the criteria you want to use as rows.
● Columns: This area is for the criteria you want to use as columns.
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● Values: Here, you can summarize data, often by using
aggregation functions like sum, count, average, etc.
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● Customize: You can customize the Pivot Table by dragging and

dropping different fields into these areas, changing aggregation
functions, and formatting.
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● Filtering: You can filter the data in the Pivot Table by using the
drop-down arrows next to the field names.
● Refreshing Data: If the source data changes, you can refresh the
Pivot Table to update it with the latest data. Right-click on the
Pivot Table and select "Refresh."

17. HLOOKUP function :

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 HLOOKUP is an Excel function used to find a value in the first row of a
table and retrieve a corresponding value from another row in the same
table. It's useful for horizontal data organization, such as finding
information across columns.

18. MATCH Function:

The `MATCH` function in Excel helps you find the position of a specified
value within a range. You provide the value to search for, the range to

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search in, and an optional match type. It's useful for tasks like looking
up values and is often used alongside other functions for data retrieval
and analysis.

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DATE Function:
The DATE function in Excel lets you create a date by specifying the
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year, month, and day as separate arguments. It's useful for constructing
dates when you have these components as separate values.
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