MAHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

NH-79, SALEM CHEBARATHI (DD 606 201

ENNALHIGHWAY AVASUDEVANUR. CHINNASALE M(IK)
KALLAKURICHL

Appioved by AlC1E NCw Delhu &. Affli:aled to Anna Unversity. (henTil

2(0) & 12(B) status of UGC. New Delhi
www nbec ac in Ph 041512s6232 257223 |mal mbec123@gmal com

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Year/Semester:
Date: 25.08.2023IVIVII
Max.Marks:60
Duration:90 Mins

Continuous Internal Assessment Test (CIA)

ME8097- Non Destructive Testing and Evaluation
OUTCOMES:CO1 Explain the fundamental concepts of NDI
CO2 Discuss the different methods of NDE

noTLevels:(K1-Remember, K2-Understand. K3-Applv. K4-Analyze, K5-Evaluatc, K6 -Greate)

PART-A (10 x 2= 20 Marks) Answer all Questions
1 CO1/K1
List out the importance of using NDT.
2. Discuss the objectives of CO1/K2
non-destructive testing CO2/K2
3. Discriminate destructive testing and non-destructive testing9
4. Define the principle of LPT. CO2/K1
5.. Name the list of optical aids used for visual inspection. Co2/K1

6. Classify the types of discontinuities. CO1/K2

7. Define Boroscope. CO2/K1
CO2/K2
8, Describe the advantages and disadvantages of visual inspection.
CO1/K1
9. List any four uses of NDT Methods
CO2/K2
10. "Visual testing is inherenty part of all other NDT methods". Justify the
Statement.
PART-B (2 x 13 = 26 Marks) Answer all Questions
11. a. List and explain the various mechanical and optical aids used in visual (13) CO2/K3
inspection techniques with neat sketch.
(OR)
b. (i) Differentiate between destructive and non-destructive testing. (13) CO1/K2

12. a. Summarize the principles of various non-destructive methods which are used (13) CO1/K3
to detect the material defects. State the advantage of any two NDT method.
(OR)
b. llustrate about discontinuities. Explain various types of discontinuities with (13) Co1/K3
examples.
PART-C (1 x 14 = 14 Marks)
CO2/K4
13. a. Discuss about the application of visual inspection process with suitable case (14)
study.
(OR)
What are the attractive features and primary limitations of destructive testing (14) CO1/K2
b.
methods? Explain any two destructive tests in brief.

Course Instructor Course Coordinator

HOTPAG23
 MAHA BARATHIENGINEERING COLLEGE
NH-79, SALEM-CHENNAI HIGHWAY, A.VASUDEVANUR. CHINNASALEM (TK), KALLAKURICHI (DT) 606 201
M0EC
Approved by AlCTE, New Delhi&Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
2(f) &12(B) status of UGC, New Delhi
www mbec ac in Ph: 04151-256333, 257333| E-mail mbec123@gmal com

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Year/Semester: IV/VII Max.Marks:60 Duration:90 Mins
Date: 25.08.2023
Continuous Internal Assessment Test (CIAT)
Evaluation
ME8097- Non Destructive Testing and
Answer key
K2-Understand, K3-Apply, K4-Analyze, K5-Evaluate, K6 -Create)
RBT Levels:(K1-Remember,
Answer all Questions f u l ec
y e CO1/K1
PART-A (10x 2 = 20 Marks)
using NDT.
1. List out the importance of
surface flaws
To detect internal or
dimensions of the specimen
To measure the
structure or chemistry
Todetermine material
properties
physical or mechanical CO1/K2
To evaluate material's
non-destructive testing
2 Discuss the objectives of
Materials sorting
Materials characterization
Property monitoring
Thickness measurement CO2/K2
testing.
and non-destructive
3 Discriminate destructive testing Destructive Testing
Non Destructive Testing
properties of the
defects of materials Used for finding out the
Used for finding out material
material
Load is applied on the
on the material
Load is not applied gets
no chance for Due to load application, material
No load applications, so
damaged
material damage
specialequipments Specialequipments are require
No requirement of CO2/K1
LPT.
4! Define the principle of penetrant is drawn into
principle of liquid penetrant test is that the liquid
The
action.
or porosities by capilary
Surface flaws such as cracks CO2/K1
aids used for visual inspection.
5. Name the list of optical
Magnifying Glass
Microscopes
Boroscopes
discontinuities. CO1/K2
6. Classify the types of
Inherent discontinuities

Processing discontinuities
Service-induced discontinuities
 CO2/k
7. Define Borescope. recognZina
mostly used in nondestructive testing techniques tor
Borescopes are
inspection of
are commonly used in the VIsual
derects or imperfections Borescopes
diesel engines
industrial gas turbines, steam turbines,
allGrat engines, aero derivative
and automotive and truck engines.
CO2/K2
inspection.
8 Describe the advantages and disadvantages of visual
investment. " Minimum special
Aavantages: Visual testing reguires averv limited initial
in-service.
SKIIS required Testing can be performed on components which are
DIsadvantages: Limited to surface flaws " Eve resolution is weak" Eye Fatigue.
CO1/K1
9. List any four uses of NDT Methods
MT Magnetic Particle
PT- Liquid Penetrants
VT-Visual inspection
RTRadiography
UTUItrasonic Testing CO2/K2
10. "Visual testing is inherently part of all other NDT methods". Justify the
Statement.
Other NDT methods require visual intervention to nterpret images obtained
while carrying out the examination. At some point, all NDT methods fall back on visual

testing.
PART-B (2 x 13 = 26 Marks) Answer all Questions

List and explain the various mechanical and optical aids used in visual (13) CO2/K3
11. a.
inspection techniques with neat sketch.
Principle: Commonly defined as the examination of the material, component, or
product for conditions of non-conformance using light and the eyes alone or with
the help of other aids.
Visual Inspection is carried out with naked eye (Unaided) Inspection is
carried out by using Some aids Such as mirrors, magnifying glasses,
microscopes.(Aided)
Visual
The following three basic requirements form a correct application of
Inspection Technique
" Good eye sight/Vision of the Inspector
" Good Lighting Conditions
"Experienced and Judgment of the Inspector
ADVANTAGES OF VISUAL INSPECTION METHOD
" Visual testing requires a very limited
initial investment.

" Minimum special skills

required
which are in-service
. Testing can be pertormed on components
" Testing speed is high.
job.
. Limited equipment needed to complete the
 LIMITATIONS
" Limited to
surface flawS
"Eye resolution is weak
"Eye Fatigue.
" Inconsistency between different inspectors
Methods used in NDT:
Unaided or direct visual testing
Aided visual testing
Equipment used in NDT:
Magnifying Glass
Microscopes
Boroscopes

(OR)
(13) CO1/K2
b. (i) Differentiate between destructive and non-destructive testing.
Non Destructive Testing Destructive Testing
Used for finding out defects of Used for find1ng out the properties of
materials the material
Load is not applied on the material Load is applied on the material

No load applications, so no chance Due to load application, material gets

for material damage damaged

No requirement of special Special equipments are require

equipments
Summarize the principles of various non-destructive methods which are used (13) CO1/K3
12. a.
to detect the material defects. State the advantage of any two NDT method.
MT Magnetic Particle
PT- Liquid Penetrants

VT-Visual inspection
RT Radiography
UT -Ulitrasonic Testing
ET-Electromagnetic (Eddy Current)
AE Acoustic Emission
IR- Thermal/lnfrared Testing
LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING
LPT is based upon capillary action, where low surface tension fluid

penetrates into clean and dry surface-breaking discontinuities.

Penetrant may be applied to the test component by dipping, spraying, or
brushing. After adequate penetration time has been allowed, the excess penetrant
is removed, a developer is applied.
The developer helps to draw penetrant out of the flaw where an invisible
indication becomes visible to the inspector
 Inspection is performed under ultraviolet or white light, depending upon the
type of dye used - fluorescent or non -fluorescent (visible).

^Dpl POetrant

MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING

Principle:
The specimen is magnetized either locally or by any external source.
The imaginary magnetic lines of force are perpendicular to the direction of
the electric current, which may be either alternating current (AC) or
some form of
direct current(DC).
The presence of a suface or subsurface discontinuity in the
material
allows the magnetic flux to leak.
1
Magnetic particles are attracted to an area of flux leakage and form what is
known as an indication, which is evaluated to determine its
nature, cause, and
course of action, if any
1agetie Part

Crack

(OR)
b Illustrate about discontinuities. Explain various types of
examples. discontinuities with (13) CO1/K3
Discontinuities
Inherent discontinuities
> Processing discontinuities
Service-induced discontinuities
Defect
Discontinuity
Evaluation
Examination
False indication
Flaw
Flaw characterization
Imperfection
Indication
Reference
standard
Relevant indication
Sensitivity Standard
 13.a.
PART-C (1 x 14 = 14 Marks) CO2/K4
Discuss about the application of visual inspection process with suitable case
study.
Visual testing of welds
Visual testing of pumps
Visual testing of hydraulic system
Visual testing of belt pulley
Visual testing of forging discontinuities.
(OR) CO1/K2
destructive testing (149
b. What are the attractive features and primarylimitations of
methods? Explain any two destructive tests in brief.
Different types of destructive testing methods such as
" Tension tests,
"Bend tests,
" Charpy impact tests,
" Pellini drop weight testing,
" Peel tests,
" Crush testing.
"Fracture testing.
TENSILE TEST:
probably the most fundamental
Atensile test, also known as tension test, is
material. Tensile tests are simple,
type of mechanical test is performed on a
on something, you will
relatively inexpensive, and fully standardized. By pulling
forces being applied in tension
very quickly determine how the material will react to
As the material is being pulled, you will find its
strength along with how much it will
elongate.

COMPRESSION TEST
Method for determining behavior of materials under crushing loads
Specimen is compressed, and deformation at various loads is recorded
Compressive stress and strain are calculated and plotted as astresss train diagram
which is used to determine elastic limit, proportional limit, yield point, yield strength
and (for some materials) compressive strength.

Course Instructor Course Coordinator HOD Principal