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React and React Native
Copyright © 2024 Packt Publishing

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ISBN: 978-1-80512-730-7
www.packt.com
Table of Contents
1. React and React Native, Fifth Edition: Build cross-platform JavaScript
and TypeScript apps for the web, desktop, and mobile
2. 1 Why React?
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. What is React?
III. React is just the view layer
IV. Simplicity is good
V. Declarative UI structures
VI. Data changes over time
VII. Performance matters
VIII. The right level of abstraction
IX. What's new in React?
X. Setup a new React project
i. Using Web Bundlers
ii. Using Frameworks
iii. Online Code Editors
XI. Summary
3. 2 Rendering with JSX
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Your first JSX content
i. Hello JSX
ii. Declarative UI structures
IV. Rendering HTML
i. Built-in HTML tags
ii. HTML tag conventions
iii. Describing UI structures
V. Creating your own JSX elements
i. Encapsulating HTML
ii. Nested elements
iii. Namespaced components
VI. Using JavaScript expressions
i. Dynamic property values and text
 ii. Handling events
iii. Mapping collections to elements
VII. Building fragments of JSX
i. Using wrapper elements
ii. Using fragments
VIII. Summary
4. 3 Understanding React Components and Hooks
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Introduction to React Components
IV. What are component properties?
i. Passing property values
ii. Default property values
V. What is component state?
VI. React Hooks
VII. Maintaining state using Hooks
i. Initial state values
ii. Updating state values
VIII. Performing initialization and cleanup actions
i. Fetching component data
ii. Canceling actions and resetting state
iii. Optimizing side-effect actions
IX. Sharing data using context Hooks
X. Memoization with Hooks
i. useMemo Hook
ii. useCallback Hook
iii. useRef Hook
XI. Summary
5. 4 Event Handling, the React Way
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Declaring event handlers
i. Declaring handler functions
ii. Multiple event handlers
IV. Declaring inline event handlers
V. Binding handlers to elements
VI. Using synthetic event objects
 VII. Understanding event pooling
VIII. Summary
6. 5 Crafting Reusable Components
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Reusable HTML elements
IV. The difficulty with monolithic components
i. The JSX markup
ii. Initial state
iii. Event handler implementation
V. Refactoring component structures
i. Starting with the JSX
ii. Implementing an article list component
iii. Implementing an article item component
iv. Implementing an add article component
VI. Render props
VII. Rendering component trees
VIII. Feature components and utility components
IX. Summary
7. 6 Type Checking and Validation with TypeScript
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Knowing What to Expect
i. The Importance of Props Validation
ii. Potential Issues Without Proper Validation
iii. Options for Props Validation
IV. Introduction to TypeScript
i. Why Use TypeScript?
ii. Setting Up TypeScript in a Project
iii. Basic Types in TypeScript
iv. Interfaces and Type Aliases
V. Comparing PropTypes and TypeScript
VI. Using TypeScript in React
i. Type Checking Props in React Components
ii. Typing State
iii. Typing Event Handlers
iv. Typing Context
 v. Typing Refs
VII. Summary
8. 7 Handling Navigation with Routes
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Declaring routes
i. Hello route
ii. Decoupling route declarations
IV. Handling route parameters
i. Resource IDs in routes
ii. Query parameters
V. Using link components
i. Basic linking
ii. URL and query parameters
VI. Summary
9. 8 Code Splitting Using Lazy Components and Suspense
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Using the lazy API
i. Dynamic imports and bundles
ii. Making components lazy
IV. Using the Suspense component
i. Top-level Suspense components
ii. Working with spinner fallbacks
V. Avoiding lazy components
VI. Exploring lazy pages and routes
VII. Summary
10. 9 User Interface Framework Components
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Layout and organization
i. Using containers
ii. Building responsive grid layouts
IV. Using navigation components
i. Navigating with drawers
ii. Navigating with tabs
V. Collecting user input
 i. Checkboxes and radio buttons
ii. Text inputs and select inputs
iii. Working with buttons
VI. Working with styles and themes
i. Making styles
ii. Customizing themes
VII. Summary
11. 10 High-Performance State Updates
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Batching state updates
IV. Prioritizing state updates
V. Handling asynchronous state updates
VI. Summary
12. 15 Why React Native?
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. What is React Native?
IV. React and JSX are familiar
V. The mobile browser experiences
VI. Android and iOS – different yet the same
VII. The case for mobile web apps
VIII. Summary
13. 16 React Native under the Hood
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Exploring React Native architecture
i. The state of web and mobile apps in the past
ii. React Native current architecture
iii. React Native future architecture
IV. Explaining JS and Native modules
i. React Navigation
ii. UI component libraries
iii. Splash screen
iv. Icons
v. Handling errors
vi. Push notifications
 vii. Over the air updates
viii. JS libraries
V. Exploring React Native components and APIs
VI. Summary
14. 17 Kick-Starting React Native Projects
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Exploring React Native CLI tools
IV. Installing and using the Expo command-line tool
V. Viewing your app on your phone
VI. Viewing your app on Expo Snack
VII. Summary
15. 18 Building Responsive Layouts with Flexbox
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Introducing Flexbox
IV. Introducing React Native styles
V. Using the Styled Components library
VI. Building Flexbox layouts
i. Simple three-column layout
ii. Improved three-column layout
iii. Flexible rows
iv. Flexible grids
v. Flexible rows and columns
VII. Summary
16. 19 Navigating Between Screens
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Navigation basics
IV. Route parameters
V. The navigation header
VI. Tab and drawer navigation
VII. File-based navigation
VIII. Summary
17. 20 Rendering Item Lists
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
 III. Rendering data collections
IV. Sorting and filtering lists
V. Fetching list data
VI. Lazy list loading
VII. Implementing pull to refresh
VIII. Summary
18. 21 Showing Progress
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Understanding progress and usability
IV. Indicating progress
V. Measuring progress
VI. Exploring navigation indicators
VII. Step progress
VIII. Summary
19. 22 Geolocation and Maps
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Using Location API
IV. Rendering the Map
V. Annotating points of interest
i. Plotting points
ii. Plotting overlays
VI. Summary
20. 23 Collecting User Input
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Collecting text input
IV. Selecting from a list of options
V. Toggling between on and off
VI. Collecting date/time input
VII. Summary
21. 24 Displaying Modal Screens
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Important information
IV. Getting user confirmation
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 i. Displaying a success confirmation
V. Error confirmation
VI. Passive notifications
VII. Activity modals
VIII. Summary
22. 25 Responding to User Gestures
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Scrolling with your fingers
IV. Giving touch feedback
V. Using Swipeable and cancellable components
VI. Summary
23. 26 Using Animations
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Using React Native Reanimated
i. Animated API
ii. React Native Reanimated
IV. Installing the React Native Reanimated library
V. Animating layout components
VI. Animating styling components
VII. Summary
24. 27 Controlling Image Display
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Loading images
IV. Resizing images
V. Lazy image loading
VI. Rendering icons
VII. Summary
25. 29 Selecting Native UI Components Using Tamagui
I. Before you begin: Join our book community on Discord
II. Technical requirements
III. Application containers
IV. Headers and footers
V. Using layout components
VI. Collecting input using form components
VII. Summary
VIII. Further reading
React and React Native, Fifth
Edition: Build cross-platform
JavaScript and TypeScript apps for
the web, desktop, and mobile
Welcome to Packt Early Access. We’re giving you an exclusive preview of
this book before it goes on sale. It can take many months to write a book, but
our authors have cutting-edge information to share with you today. Early
Access gives you an insight into the latest developments by making chapter
drafts available. The chapters may be a little rough around the edges right
now, but our authors will update them over time.You can dip in and out
of this book or follow along from start to finish; Early Access is designed to
be flexible. We hope you enjoy getting to know more about the process of
writing a Packt book.

1. Chapter 1: Why React?

2. Chapter 2: Rendering with JSX
3. Chapter 3: Understanding React Components and Hooks
4. Chapter 4: Event Handling, the React Way
5. Chapter 5: Crafting Reusable Components
6. Chapter 6: Type Checking and Validation with TypeScript
7. Chapter 7: Handling Navigation with Routes
8. Chapter 8: Code Splitting Using Lazy Components and Suspense
9. Chapter 9: User Interface Framework Components
10. Chapter 10: High-Performance State Updates
11. Chapter 11: User Interface Framework Components
12. Chapter 12: High-Performance State Updates
13. Chapter 13: Unit Testing in React
14. Chapter 14: Server Rendering and Static Site Generation with React
Frameworks
15. Chapter 15: Why React Native?
16. Chapter 16: React Native under the Hood
17. Chapter 17: Kick-Starting React Native Projects
18. Chapter 18: Building Responsive Layouts with Flexbox
19. Chapter19: Navigating Between Screens
20. Chapter20: Rendering Item Lists
21. Chapter 21: Showing Progress
22. Chapter 22: Geolocation and Maps
23. Chapter 23: Collecting User Input
24. Chapter 24: Displaying Modal Screens
25. Chapter 25: Responding to User Gestures
26. Chapter 26: Using Animations
27. Chapter 27: Controlling Image Display
28. Chapter 28: Going Offline
29. Chapter 29: Selecting Native UI Components Using Tamagui
1 Why React?
Before you begin: Join our book community on
Discord
Give your feedback straight to the author himself and chat to other early
readers on our Discord server (find the "react-and-react-native-5e" channel
under EARLY ACCESS SUBSCRIPTION).

https://packt.link/EarlyAccess

If you're reading this book, you probably know what React is. If not, don't
worry. I'll do my best to keep philosophical definitions to a minimum.
However, this is a long book with a lot of content, so I feel that setting the
tone is an appropriate first step. Yes, the goal is to learn React and React
Native. But it's also to put together a lasting architecture that can handle
everything we want to build with React today and in the future.This chapter
starts with a brief explanation of why React exists. Then, we'll think about
the simplicity of React and how it is able to handle many of the typical
performance issues faced by web developers. Next, we'll go over the
declarative philosophy of React and the level of abstraction that React
programmers can expect to work with. Finally, we'll touch on some of the
major features of React.Once you have a conceptual understanding of React
and how it solves problems with UI development, you'll be better equipped
to tackle the remainder of the book. This chapter will cover the following
topics:

What is React?
 React features
What's new in React?
Setting up a new React project

What is React?
I think the one-line description of React on its home page (https://react.dev/)
is concise and accurate:

"A JavaScript library for building user interfaces."

It's a library for building User Interfaces (UIs). This is perfect because, as
it turns out, this is all we want most of the time. I think the best part about this
description is everything that it leaves out. It's not a mega framework. It's not
a full-stack solution that's going to handle everything from the database to
real-time updates over WebSocket connections. We might not actually want
most of these prepackaged solutions. If React isn't a framework, then what is
it exactly?

React is just the view layer

React is generally thought of as the view layer in an application. You might
have used a library such as Handlebars or jQuery in the past. Just as jQuery
manipulates UI elements and Handlebars templates are inserted into a page,
React components change what the user sees. The following diagram
illustrates where React fits in our frontend code:
 Figure 1.1 - The layers of a React application

This is all there is to React – the core concept. Of course, there will be
subtle variations to this theme as we make our way through the book, but the
flow is more or less the same. We have some application logic that generates
some data. We want to render this data to the UI, so we pass it to a React
Component, which handles the job of getting the HTML into the page.You
may wonder what the big deal is; React appears to be yet another rendering
technology. We'll touch on some of the key areas where React can simplify
application development in the remaining sections of the chapter.

Simplicity is good
React doesn't have many moving parts to learn about and understand.
Internally, there's a lot going on, and we'll touch on these things throughout
the book. The advantage of having a small API to work with is that you can
spend more time familiarizing yourself with it, experimenting with it, and so
on. The opposite is true of large frameworks, where all of your time is
devoted to figuring out how everything works. The following diagram gives
you a rough idea of the APIs that we have to think about when programming
with React:

Figure 1.2 - The simplicity of the React API

React is divided into two major APIs:

The React Component API: These are the parts of the page that are
rendered by the React DOM.
React DOM: This is the API that's used to perform the rendering on a
web page.

Within a React component, we have the following areas to think about:

 Data: This is data that comes from somewhere (the component doesn't
care where) and is rendered by the component.
Lifecycle: This consists of methods or Hooks that we implement to
respond to the component's entering and exiting phases of the React
rendering process as they happen over time – for example, one phase of
the life cycle is when the component is about to be rendered.
Events: These are the code that we write for responding to user
interactions.
JSX: This is the syntax of React components used to describe UI
structures.

Don't fixate on what these different areas of the React API represent just yet.
The takeaway here is that React, by nature, is simple. Just look at how little
there is to figure out! This means that we don't have to spend a ton of time
going through API details here. Instead, once you pick up on the basics, we
can spend more time on nuanced React usage patterns that fit in nicely with
declarative UI structures.

Declarative UI structures
React newcomers have a hard time getting to grips with the idea that
components mix in markup with their JavaScript in order to declare UI
structures. If you've looked at React examples and had the same adverse
reaction, don't worry. Initially, we're all skeptical of this approach, and I
think the reason is that we've been conditioned for decades by the separation
of concerns principle. This principle states that different concerns, such as
logic and presentation, should be separate from one another. Now, whenever
we see things mixed together, we automatically assume that this is bad and
shouldn't happen.The syntax used by React components is called JSX
(JavaScript XML). A component renders content by returning some JSX. The
JSX itself is usually HTML markup, mixed with custom tags for React
components. The specifics don't matter at this point; we'll go into detail in the
coming chapters. What's groundbreaking about the declarative JSX approach
is that we don't have to perform little micro-operations to change the content
of a component.

IMPORTANT NOTE
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